A Middle English Vocabulary, Designed for use with Sisam's Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose

by J. R. R. Tolkien

INDEX OF NAMES

For the personifications in VIII, generic names (as Bayarde), and names of peoples (as Brytouns), see also the Glossary.

Abell, Abel, XVI 306.

Abirdene, Aberdeen, XIV a 1.

Abiron, Abiram, XVI 309.

Adam(e), Adam, V 348, XIV introd., XVI 37, 45, &c., XVII 30.

Adrian, XII b 2 (note), 34, 56, 68, 78, 208; Adrianes, gen. 219.

Aȝone, Azo, I 46, 105, 110, 122.

Aiax; Oelius Aiax, Oïleus Ajax, VII 155 (see 178 note).

Alceone, Halcyone, XII a 3, 132; Alceoun, XII a 195, 197 (note).

Alisandre, King Alexander the Great, IX 166, 223, 232.

Alysoun, Alison, XV c 12, 40.

Amazoine, Amazonia, land of the Amazons, IX 190, 206.

Ambrose, St. Ambrose, XI b 126.

Anaball, a dependent of Satan, XVI 113 (note).

Antecrist, Antichrist, IX 210, 221; Anticristis, gen. XI b 55.

Arabye, Arabia, IX 38; Fenyx of Arraby, VI 70 (note).

Archedefell, (corrupt. of) Ahithophel (Achitophel), XVI 308.

Arestotill, Aristotle, IV b 18; Arystotill, IV b 33.

Armonye, Armenia, XVII 466.

Arþur, King Arthur, V 229; Arþureȝ, gen. V 34, 261; kyngeȝ hous Arthor, V 207 (note).

Astrotte, Ashtoreth (Astarte), XVI 113.

Atthenes, Athens, VII 67.

Aucerre, Auxerre, *III 3 (MS. Aucerne).

Aue, I 48, 50, 106, 126, 138, 209, 216.

Austyn, St. Augustine of Hippo, XI b 87, 94, 142; Saynt Austyne, IV b 70.

Austin; Sauynt Austin, St. Augustine of Canterbury, III introd.; Saynt Austines, St. Augustine's (monastery), III introd.

Bacharie, -ye, Bactria, IX 137, 236.

Banocburn, Bannockburn, XIV a heading; þe Bannokburn, XIV a 2.

Baptist, St. John the Baptist, XI b 28; Ion Baptist, XI b 24, 34; Iohan<nes> Baptista, XVI 73; Baptista, XVI 361.

Bardus, XII b 20, 50, 63, 73, 80, 87, 94, 134, 155, 194; see XII b 2 note.

Barsabe, Bathsheba, V 351.

Bathe, Bath, XIII a 51.

Bele-Berit, Baal-Berith, XVI 115.

Belliall, Belial, XVI 139; Belial XVI 115.

Belsabub, Beelzebub, XVI 97, 109, 137, 169, 198, 205, 345.

Berwik, Berwick, XIV a 1, 35.

Betannye, Bethania, XVI 162.

Bethleem, Bethlehem, IX 25.

Beuo, (in Latin) I 59; Beu<u>ne, I 55 (note); Beuolyne, diminutive for rime, I 62.

Boece, Boëthius, Introduction xxi.

Boniface, Saint, St. Boniface of Ferentia, III 38 (note).

Brytayn, Little Britain, Brittany, II 13; Bretaine, II 597.

Brytayn, (Great) Britain, XIII a 1, 6.

Brig, Bruges, XIV a 22 (note); see Burghes.

Brunne wake, Bourn (in Kesteven, Lincs.), I introd. Wake is the name of the family, part of whose estates lay about Bourn.

Brunyng, Bruno, afterwards St. Leo IX, I 246 (note).

Bukcestre, Seynt, sister of St. Magnus, I 35 (note).

Burghes, Bruges, XIV a 25; see Brig.

Cayme, Cain, XVI 306.

Calabre, Calabria; see glossary.

Calais, XIV b heading, 59, 91, 95; Calays, XIV b 1 (as adj.), 42, 53.

Caldilhe, ? Korea, the land where the lamb-gourd grows, IX 138.

Cam(e), Ham, XVII 142, 528.

Canterberi, Canterbury, III introd.

Caspye, Caspia, lands about the Caspian Sea, IX 161, 216; See of Caspye, Caspian Sea, IX 175, 178.

Cassandra, VII 179.

Cathaye, Cathay, China, IX 136 (note).

Caton, Dionysius Cato, traditional name of the author of Disticha de moribus ad filium; gen. Catones, VIII a 309.

Cecile, Seynt, St. Cecilia, Introduction xxi.

Ceïx, Ceÿx, XII a 2.

Chaucer, XII introd.

Cherdhol, ? Cheddar, XIII a 14 (note).

Chestre, Chester, XIII a 54.

Chymerie, Cimmeria, land of fabulous Cimmerii who dwelt in perpetual darkness (form perhaps due to assoc. with OFr. chimere, chimæra), XII a 61.

Cipre, Ile of, Cyprus, IX 40.

Clyron, alleged name of 'strait passage' leading out of land of the enclosed Jews, IX 205.

Colbek, Kölbigk (in Anhalt, Saxony), I 32 (note).

Colchestre, Colchester, XIV d 2.

Cornehulle, Cornhill, VIII b 1 (note).

Cornelius, Cornelius Nepos, VII 70 (note).

Cornwal, Iohan, a 'Master of Grammar', XIII b 28.

Crab, Iohne, a Flemish engineer, X 110; Crabbis, gen. *X 15 (MSS. Craggis, Crabys).

Crist(e), Christ, IV a 1, 39, &c.; Cryst(e), I 185, IV a 16, &c.; Kryst(e), V 52, VI 98, 209; Cristes, gen. VIII b 63; Cristis, XI b 7, 38, &c.; Crystes, VI 23, VIII a 214; Crystys, I 83; bi Crist, &c., VIII a 22, 24, 280, b 93.

Cusis, alleged name of Ethiopia, IX 17; see Saba, and cf. Cush, Genesis x. 6-8.

Dalyda, Delilah, V 350.

Dares, Dares Phrygius, reputed author of the De Excidio Troiae, VII 60, 64.

Datan, Dathan, XVI 309 (note).

Dauid, David, XVI 127, 187, 369, 373; Dauyth, V 350.

Dawe, Daw (as typical peasant's name), VIII a 325.

Dedalion, Dædalion, XII a 7.

Dee, þe ryuer, the R. Dee, XIII a 54, 62.

Dites, Dictys Cretensis, reputed author of the De Bello Troiano, VII 61; Dytes, VII 60.

Dondé, Dundee, XIV a 24.

Edyght, Seynt, St. Edith of Wilton, I 240 (note), 245.

Edward, King Edward the Confessor, I 27.

Edward, King Edward III, XIV b heading, 36, 56; King Edward, XIV a 4; E. þe þridde, XIV c 58; Sir Edward, XIV a 9, 16, b 4, 44, 60, 62; þe third Edwardes tyme, I introd.

Edward, Prince, the Black Prince, XIV c 107; see also 59, 62.

Emanuel, XV i 17.

Emlak (for *Euilak), Havilah IX 27 (note).

Englond, England, XI a 29, 33; Engelond, XIII a 55, 58, b 20, 33, 46, 48, 54, 63; Ingland, I 26, XIV b 84; Inglond, II 26.

Erceldoun, Thomas of Erceldoun, Introduction xxxiii.

Ethiope, Ethiopia, IX 1, 12, 16, 21, 23 (note), 26.

Eua, Eve, XVI 45; Eue, XIV introd., XVI 357, XVII 30.

Felyp, Dane, Dom Philip de Burton, prior of Sempringham (? 1303-1332), I introd.

Fraunce, France, XIII b 48, XIV c 44, 46, 54; Fraunse, XI a 25; France, XIV b 32, 70.

Gawayn, V 5, 58, 81, 88, 137, 146, 171, 182, 192, 197, 202, 212, 224, 231, 297; Sir Gawayn(e), V 50, 167, 328; Wowayn, V 121 (note).

Genesis, (personification of) the Book of Genesis, VIII a 228.

Geretrude, Sent, St. Gertrude, XV i 7 (note).

Gerlew, Gerlevus, I 40, 56; see Grysly.

Germain, Saint, St. Germanus of Auxerre, III 3 (note); Germayn, III 6.

Gydo, Guido de Columna, compiler of the Historia Troiana, VII 54, 76.

Gill; see glossary.

Goth and Magoth, Gog and Magog, IX 163-4 (note).

Gregori, Saint, St. Gregory the Great (Pope 590-604), III 38 (note); Gregory, XI b 20 (note), 94; Seynt Gregoryes, gen. XI b 52.

Grese, Greece, VII 90; Grice, VII 40.

Gryngolet, Gawayn's horse, V 92.

Grysly, error for Gerlew, I 65 (note).

Ȝork, York, XI a 34, XIII b 58, XIV d 1.

Hector, *V 34 (MS. Hestor).

Hely, Elias, XVI 87.

Henri, Duk, Henry, first Duke of Lancaster, XIV c 65.

Henry, þe Emperoure, Henry II of Germany, I 172 (note), 218.

Herodis, Dame, Eurydice, II 52; Dam(e) Heurodis, II 63, 322, 406, 594.

Hobbe, XIV d 6, see notes and glossary.

Homer, VII 38.

Iacke, Iak, see glossary.

Iame, Seynt, St. James; bi Seynt Iame, VIII a 57.

Iaphet, Japheth, XVII 142, 528.

Ierom, Seynt, St. Jerome, XI a 17.

Ieromye, Jeremiah, XI b 29.

Iesu, IV a 74, &c., VI 93, XIV b 30, XV f 1, 7, XVI 349; Iesus, XV g 19, XVI 1, 121, &c.; Iesu Crist(e), &c., IV b 30, VI 98, XI a 23, &c.; Iesus Crist, XI b 77.

Ingland, &c., see Englond.

Innocent, Pope, Innocent III, author of De Miseria Conditionis Humanae, Introduction xxi.

Iob, Job, XVI 285.

Iohn(e), Ion, &c., see the accompanying names.

Iohn: Sir Iohn (of France), son of Philip VI and afterwards King John of France, XIV b 32, 70, 92.

Iohnes: Saint Iohnes toune, Perth, XIV a 7 (note).

Iohon Schep, 'John Pastor', pseudonym of John Ball, XIV d 1.

Ion, St. John the Evangelist, VI 23, XV i 5; Iones Gospel, XI b 269.

Ion þe Amoner, St. John the Almoner, III 16 (note).

Iordanne, flume, the R. Jordan, XVI 76.

Irla(u)nde, Ireland, XV d 1, 3, 7.

Ithecus, Icelos (according to Ovid), XII a 118 (note).

Iudas, Judas Iscariot, XV g 2, 3, 8, 12, 14, 27, XVI 147, 165, 308.

Iudas, St. Jude, Judas brother of James, III introd.

Iuno, the goddess Juno, XII a 40, 44, 102; King Iuno, as ancestor of Orpheo's mother, II 30 (note).

Iurselem, Jerusalem, XV g 3, 17.

Iustinian, Justinian, XII b 191 (note).

Kasi, Sent, XV i 11 (note).

Kendale, Thomas of Kendal, Introduction xxxiii.

Kent, III introd.

Kesteuene, Kesteven, southern division of Lincs., I introd.

Kytte, VIII b 2 (note).

Laȝar, Lazarus, XVI 162, 171.

Leoun, þe pope, St. Leo IX, I 249.

Lethes, the rivere, the River Lethe (Oblivion), XII a 85. Properly gen. sg. (Ovid, Metamorphoses, Bk. xi 603, rivus aquae Lethes).

Londen(e), London, VIII b 46; London, VIII b 4.

Lucifer, XVII 16; as dependent of Satan, XVI 119, 197.

Luke, St. Luke, XV i 5.

Lukes, Lucca, VIII a 94 (note).

Macedoyne, Macedonia, IX 41.

Magdaleyne, St. Mary Magdalen, XI b 56; Magdeleyne, XI b 59, 68; Maudeleyne, Introduction xxi.

Magne, Seynt, St. Magnus, I 34 (note), 90; Seynt Magnes, gen. I 37.

Magoth, see Goth.

Mahounde, Mahomet; as a dependent of Satan, XVI 343.

Malton, Malton, Yorks., site of a house of the Gilbertine order, I introd.

Marie, Mary, XVI 231, 250; Mary(e), VI 65, XV i 3; gen. VI 23 (note), also in Seynte Marie prest, XVI d 1 (note); Mary-ȝet, X 163, 177. Mary (as oath), V 72, XVII 209, 220, 226.

Mark, St. Mark, XV i 5.

Mathew, St. Matthew (in his Gospel), VI 137 (note), XV i 5; Matheus Gospel, XI a 35; Mathew with mannes face, VIII a 234 (note).

Maundevyll, Iohn, IX 307 (see IX introd.).

Medé, Media, land of the Medes, IX 30.

Melane, Milan, III 4.

Merswynde, I 42, 52; Merswyne, I 62 (see I 55 note); Merswyndam (accus., in Latin), I 60.

Michel, Michael; Dan Michelis (gen.) of Northgate, III introd.

Mighill, St. Michael the Archangel, XVI 339, 389. Forms with ȝ, gh, &c., appear only to be used of the archangel.

Mynerua, the goddess Minerva (or Athene), *VII 177 (MS. Mynera); taken as a male divinity, XIII a 3.

Moyses, Moses, XVI 85, 86.

Moretane, Mauretania (modern Morocco and part of Algeria), IX 3.

Morpheüs, son of the God of Sleep, XII a 113, 131.

Neptalym, Naphtali, XVI 51 (see 49 note).

Nicholl Nedy, 'Nicholas Needy', allit. nickname used mockingly, XVII 405.

Noe, Noah, XVII 65, 106, 110, 118, &c.; Noy, XVII 532.

Oelius, see Aiax.

Origenes, Origen, to whom was falsely attributed a De Maria Magdalena, Introduction xxi.

Orphewe, Sir, Orpheus, II 24; (Sir) Orfeo, II 25, 97, 120, 182, 314, 379, 518, 524, 543, 558, 603; as name of a lay, 601; King Orfeo, II 175, 553, 576, 593; Orpheo, II 33, 42.

Ouyde, Ovid, VII 48.

Panthasas, Phantasos (according to Ovid), XII a 123.

Pectoun, the Peak of Derbyshire, XIII a 7 (note).

Pencrych, Richard, XIII b 29, 30.

Pentexoire, Yle of, IX 261 (note).

Peres, Piers (Peter), VIII a 106, 180, 191, &c.; Pieres, VIII a 35, 38, 111, &c.; Piers, VIII a 9, 225; Pieres, gen. VIII a 72; Pieres þe plowman, VIII a 147, 152; Peres plouȝman, as type of honest labourer, XIV d 5 (see 14 note).

Perkyn, diminutive of prec. (applied to same character), VIII a 25, 59, 99, 102, 105; Perkyn þe plouman, VIII a 3.

Persie, Persia, IX 181.

Peter, St. Peter, XI b 285, XV g 29, 32; bi Seynt Peter of Rome, VIII a 3; Peter!, XVII 367.

Philip, Sir, Philip (de Valois) VI of France, XIV b 32 (note), 47, 69, 92; Philip þe Valas, XIV b 51.

Pilatus, Pilate, XV g 18, 30.

Pimbilmere, Lake Bala in Wales, XIII a 63.

Pluto, King, as ancestor of Orpheo's father, II 29 (note).

Poul, St. Paul, XI b 80, 82; Saynt Poule, VI 97; bi Seynt Poule, VIII a 25, 270.

Prestre Iohn, Prester John, fabled Christian Emperor of the far East, IX 260 (note).

Richard, þe secunde Kyng, King Richard II, XIII b 32; Kyng Richarde, XIV e 2.

Roberd, Robert, surnamed Mannyng, of Brunne, I introd. (q.v.).

Robert; Danȝ Robert of Malton, I introd.

Robert, priest of Colbek, I 45; Syre Robert, I 201.

Robert Renne-about, 'Robert the Vagabond', as type of itinerant preacher, VIII a 142 (note).

Rome, I 172, 232, 250, III 4, VIII a 3, IX 285, XII b 3, 84, 189.

Saba, a city of Ethiopia, IX 23; cf. Cusis, and Psalm lxxii. 10; Isaiah lx. 6.

Salamon, Solomon, V 349, XVI 281; Salomon, XI b 91 (note).

Salesbury, Salisbury, XIII a 10; Salisbury, XI b 2, 183; Salisbury vss(e), XI b 189, 196, 228, 308.

Samson, V 349.

Satan, XVI 117, 199; Sattan, XVI 125, 133, 145, &c.; Sir Sattanne, XVI 169; Sathanas, gen. XI b 311.

Saturne, Saturn, VIII a 321 (note).

Sem, Shem, XVII 142, 528; see 320 note.

Symeon, Simeon, XVI 60, 61.

Symon, St. Simon (Zelotes), III introd.

Symondes sone, son of Simon Magus, practiser of simony, VIII b 83.

Sympryngham(e), Sempringham, Lincs., I introd.

Sythye, Scythia, IX 166.

Sixille, Sixhill, Lincs., I introd.

Stafford, XVII 200 (note); see glossary, s.v. Blew.

Steward, Schir Valter the gude, Walter the Steward of Scotland, X 36 (note); Schir Valter Steward, X 170.

Stonhenge, Stonehenge, XIII a 9.

Striflin, Stirling, XIV a 13.

Telamon, Telamon (properly Telamonius Ajax), VII 178 (note); Kyng Telamon, VII 150.

Teodryght, Theodric, I 241.

Tolous, Toulouse (for rime's sake substituted for Toul), I 246 (note).

Traciens (Thracians), Thrace; identified with Winchester, II 47, 50.

Trocinie, 'Trachinia tellus', the land about the city of Trachis, XII a 2.

Troy, VII 27, 63.

Valas, Valois; see Philip.

Valter, see Steward.

Vber, alleged local name of the mountains of Caspia, IX 162.

Viene, Sir Iohn de, Jean de Vienne, XIV b 82 (note).

Virgille, Vergil, VII 49.

Wake, see Brunne.

Wales, XIII a 58, b 7.

Wat Wynk, allit. nickname used mockingly, XVII 382. Wat is an abbreviation of Walter.

Wybessyne, I 42, 52.

Williem, William; a typical man's name, XI b 177.

Wynburney, Wimborne (in Dorset), XIII a 50.

Winchester, II 49, 478; Wynchestre, XIII a 41.

Wowayn, see Gawayn.

Ynde, India, vaguely applied to central, southern, and eastern Asia, IX 26, 27, 43, 49, 50, 97, 157 (note), 260 (note): high Ynde, IX 27, 137; Ynde þe lesse, IX 29; (Ynde) þe more, IX 28.

Yris, Iris, messenger of Juno, XII a 46, 51, 98.

Ysaias, Isaiah, XVI 50; Isaiah, *XVI 49 (MS. Isaac).

Zabulon, Zebulun, XVI 52 (see 49 note).

Printed in England at the Oxford University Press

Transcriber's Note

([See also] the Transcriber's Note at the beginning of this e-text.)

A number of glossary entries have been changed here (the reference is given in parentheses):

Aboute(n)	vn-bynde	amended to	vnbynde (Sisam)
Biwyled	bewiȝelien	amended to	biwiȝelien (Madden)
Blew	biew	amended to	blew (Sisam)
Face	59	amended to	sg. (s.v. Hert)
Grekes	Grǣci	amended to	Græcī
Herkne	O.Fr.	amended to	OFris.
Makyng(ē)		amended to	Makyng(e)
Rusche	r(e)usssr	amended to	r(e)usser (Godefroy s.v. reuser)
Trew(e)	(gē-)trēowe	amended to	(ge-)trēowe

This vocabulary was designed for use with Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose by Kenneth Sisam, available at PG #43736. The CORRIGENDA to Sisam's Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose from the end of this glossary has been moved to that volume.