INDEX

Abdul Hamid II, misgovernment, [32].

Adrianople, capture by Murad I, [4]; left to Turkey, [9], [25]; holds out against Bulgaria, [56]; sine qua non at Peace Conference, [57]; captured, [57]; question of retention of, [58]; reoccupied by Turkish army, [109]; ceded back to Turkey, [111].

Adriatic, question of supremacy over, [68].

Aegean Islands, Greece takes, [52]; left to decision of Powers, [59]; given to Greece, [122].

Albania, Montenegrins, [53]; to be left to Powers, [59]; cause of friction, [67]; problem of, [118]; given a ruler, [120]; danger-point of the Balkans, [129]; northern tribes oppose absorption by Montenegro, [130]; future of, [131].

Alexander, Prince, of Bulgaria, [27].

Area, see under countries.

Asen brothers, free Bulgaria, [10].

Athens, recaptured, [22].

Austria, discusses division of Turkey, [7]; given Bosnia and Herzegovina, [27]; intervenes in Macedonia, [33]; demands independent Albania, [67], [118]; opposes Servia, [68]; dislikes Slav hegemony, [97]; interests in Balkans, [127].

Balkan Alliance, see Balkan states.

Balkan states, quarrel, [11]; peninsula under Moslems, [13]; massacres in, [25]; large part of peninsula lost to Turkey, [27]; dissensions among, [60]; alliance, [34]; rival ambitions among, [64]; treaty restrictions, [72]; causes of war between, [75]; previous fighting between, [108]; make peace, [110]; future, [126].

Balkan wars, cause of first war, [30]; cause of second war, [64]; division of fighting, [54]; cost, [125]. (For progress, see under countries.)

Basil II, conquers Bulgaria, [10].

Belgrade, conquered by Dushan, [12].

Berane, massacre at, [36].

Berlin, Treaty of, [21]; Congress of, [78].

Blockade, Greek, of Turkey, [51].

Boris, accepts Christianity, [9].

Bosnia, conquered by Dushan, [12]; delegated to Austria, [27].

Bosphorus, Turks on, [3].

Brusa, surrendered, [3].

Bukarest, see Treaty of, and Peace Conference.

Bulgaria, independent, [8]; suffers most, [8]; church, progress, area, [9]; under Moslem despotism, [11]; ravaged by Turks, decline, [14]; educational movement, [23]; exarchate established, [24]; revolt against Turkey, [25]; "Big Bulgaria," [25]; proclaimed independent, [26]; astounding progress, [27]; area and population, [29]; declares war against Turkey, [34]; alliance with Greece, [35]; with Servia, [35]; decide to mobilize, [36]; enters Thrace, [54]; success at Kirk Kilisse, Lule Burgas, and Chorlu, [55]; capture Adrianople, [57]; disagreement with Servia, [65]; rivalry with Greece, [65]; as to division of Macedonia, [72]; demands that Servia observe treaty, [76]; claims of, [77]; exarchate in Macedonia, [81]; alleged majority in Macedonia, [88]; jingoism in, [96]; position of, as to arbitration of Czar, [99]; uncompromising policy, [101]; her mistake, [102]; opens war, [107]; defeat by Allies, [109]; makes peace, [110]; present attitude, [127].

Byron, Lord, volunteer in Greece, [21].

Byzantine Empire, falling before Turks, [4]; annihilates Bulgaria under Samuel, [10].

Chataldja, now border of Turkey, [8]; Bulgarians at, [55].

Chorlu, Bulgarians victorious at, [55].

Christians, defeated by Moslems, [5]; races quarrel, [11]; In Macedonia, [31]; oppressed, [13].

Constantine, King, [20]; as Crown Prince, commanding general, [48]; success, [50]; captures Janina, [57]; ability and achievements, [124].

Constantinople, seat of Byzantine Empire, [4]; captured by Mohammed II, [5]; left to Turkey, [8]; Russia at gates of, [25].

Crete, question of, [42]; captured by Venetians, [43]; present condition, [43], [44]; becomes autonomous, [44]; elects members to Greek parliament, [45]; process of annexation to Greece, [45], [124]; Turkish sovereignty withdrawn, [59].

Czar, arbiter of Treaty of Partition, [95]; summons Servia and Bulgaria to submit their disputes, [97].

Daneff, Dr., prime minister of Bulgaria, [98]; tries to stop war, [107]; rejects Roumanian claim, [112]; resigns, [109].

Dushan, Stephen, rules Servia, [12].

Eastern Roumelia, see Roumelia.

Elassona, Greeks win at, [50].

England, fleet at Navarino, [22]; joins Russia to reform Macedonia, [33]; influence, [127].

Enver Bey, heads Young Turk revolt, [58].

"Eothen," does not mention Bulgaria, [15].

Epinus holds out, [56]; Greeks of, resist incorporation in Albania, [129].

European, aid for Greece, [21].

Evans, Sir Arthur, excavations in Crete, [43].

Exarchate, Bulgarian, [19]; Sultan's firman, [24]; in Macedonia, [81].

Ferdinand, Prince, of Bulgaria, [27]; King, [55], [108].

France, fleet at Navarino, [22]; influence, [127].

Gabrovo, school of, [23].

Gallipoli, entry of Turks into, [4].

George, King of Greece, assassinated, [22]; experienced ruler, [36]; Prince, Commissioner of Crete, [44].

Germany, influence, [127].

Gibbon, quoted as to Czar Simeon, [9].

Gladstone, denunciation of Turkish atrocities, [25].

Great Britain, see England.

Greece, becomes independent, [7]; ecclesiastical domination of Slavs, [16]; Greek millet, [17]; ascendancy in Bulgaria, [18]; influence in Turkish Empire, [19]; war of independence, [21]; Powers make her independent, [22]; boundaries, [28]; area and population, [29]; causes of war with Turkey, [32]; declares war, [34]; alliance with Bulgaria, [35]; reorganizes army, [37]; near alliance with Turkey, [40]; Cretan question, [42]; mobilization, [48]; enters Macedonia, [49]; conquers at Sarandaporon, Serfidje, Elassona, Veria, and Jenitsa, [50]; blockades Turkey, [51]; captures Janina, [57]; rivalry with Bulgaria, [65]; favors Servian egress to Aegean, [71]; question of division of Macedonia, [74]; propaganda in Macedonia, [83]; position of division of territory, [104]; conciliatory methods, [105]; alliance against Bulgaria, [108]; treaty of peace and extension of territory, [110]; annexation of Crete, [124]; attitude toward Italy, [128].

Gueshoff, agrees to conference of Allies, [95]; statesman, [96]; resigns, [97].

Hellenism, cause of, [36].

Hellespont, Turks cross, [4].

Herzegovina, conquered by Stephen Nemanyo, [11]; delegated to Austria, [27].

"Internal Organization" in Macedonia, [32].

Ipek, Archbishop of, [12].

Islam, millet of, [16].

Ismail Kemal Bey on Albania's future, [130].

Italy holds Rhodes, [52]; demands independent Albania, [67], [118]; desires control of Adriatic, [69]; protests against Greece at Corfu, [120].

Janina, holds out, [56]; falls, [57].

Janissaries, [13]; revolt, [14].

Jenitsa, Turks defeated at, [50].

Kara-George, leads Servians, [20]; dynasty, [21].

Kiamil Pasha, Grand Vizier, [48]; driven out, [58].

Kilkis, battle of, [109].

Kirk Kilisse, Bulgarian victory, [55].

Kossovo, field of, [4]; avenged, [53].

Kochana, massacre at, [36].

Kumanovo, Servians defeat Turks at, [53].

Lazar, the Serb, [4].

Literary revival in Bulgaria, [23].

London, see Treaty of, and Peace Conference.

Lule Burgas, Bulgarian victory, [55].

Macedonia, ruled by Murad I, [4]; cause of first Balkan war, [30]; question of its division, [72]; racial problem, [79], [89]; religion in, [81]; alleged Bulgarian majority in, [88]; claims to central portion of, [89].

Mahmud Shevket Pasha, Grand Vizier, [58].

Massacre, in 1876, [25]; at Kochana and Berane, [36]; inflames Slavs, [47].

Mehemet Ali, fights against Greece, [22].

Meluna Pass, Greeks enter, [49].

Millet, a Turkish term, [16].

Mohammed II, conquers Constantinople, [5].

Mohammedan, intolerance, [8]; Balkan peninsula under, [13]; incapacity, [31].

Monastir, captured by Serbs, [53].

Montenegro, remembers Kossovo, [5]; conquered by Nemanyo, [11]; independent by Treaty of Berlin, [27]; area and population, [29]; declares war against Turkey, [34]; fires first shot of war, [53]; captures Scutari, [57]; work and reward, [116]; inclination toward Servia, [118].

Moslem, see Mohammedan.

Murad I, captures Adrianople, [4].

Navarino, Battle of, [22].

Nazim Pasha, murdered, [58].

Near Eastern Question, Macedonia, [30].

Nemanyo, Stephen, unites Servia, [11].

Nicaea, surrender of, [3].

Nicholas, King of Montenegro, [53]; Homeric Father, [118].

Nigrita, Greeks and Bulgarians fight at, [66].

Novi-Bazar, Montenegrins in, [53].

Obrenovich, Milosh, leads Servians, [20]; dynasty, [21].

Ochrida, location, [9]; given bishop, [81]; religious division, [88].

Orkhan, Brusa surrenders to, [3].

Otto, of Bavaria, becomes King of Greece, [22].

Ottoman Empire, see Turkey.

Pashitch, demands revision of treaty, [95].

Patriarch, Greek, of Constantinople, [17].

Patriarchate restricted, [19], [24].

Peace Conference, at London, [57]; at Bukarest, [110].

Peace, terms of, with Turkey, [59]; between Allies, [110].

Peter, King, [21].

Phanariots, Turkish term, [19].

Pomaks, become Moslem, [14].

Population, see under countries.

Porte, see Turkey.

Powers, intervene in Greece, [22]; recognize Bulgarian independence, [26]; views of Balkan success, [55]; meet at London, [57]; lack of success, [57]; insist on peace, [58]; give Silistria to Roumania, [112]; in Albania, [119].

Prilip, Serbs capture, [53].

Racial, division, [30]; sympathies, [31]; problem in Macedonia, [79]; fallacies in Macedonia, [84]; characteristics, [89]; in Albania, [121].

Religion, Turks divide subjects by, [16]; contest in Bulgaria, [24]; in Crete, [43], [44]; in Macedonia, [81]; in Albania, [121].

Roumania, becomes independent, [7]; by Treaty of Berlin, [27]; convention with Greece and Servia, [109]; seizes Silistria, [109]; at Treaty of Bukarest, [112]; justification, [113]; attitude toward Triple Alliance, [127].

Roumelia, Eastern, union with Bulgaria, [26]; annexation, [78].

Russia, discusses the division of Turkey, [7]; fleet at Navarino, [22]; declares war against Turkey, [25]; intervention in Macedonia, [33]; rivalry with Austria, [98]; interest in Balkans, [127].

St. Petersburg, conference of allies at, [95].

Saloniki, left to Turkey, [9]; conquered by Greeks, [51]; desirability, [70].

Samuel, reigns in Bulgaria, [10].

San Stefano, Treaty of, [25]; destroyed by Powers, [26].

Sarandaporon, Turks driven from, [50].

Savoff, General, orders attacks on Servians and Greeks, [107].

Scutari holds out, [56]; falls, [57]; to Albania, [119].

Serbs, see Servia.

Serfidje, Greeks capture, [50].

Servia, remembers Kossovo, [5]; independent, [7]; conquers Bulgaria, under Asen, [10]; become Christian, launch a dynasty, [11]; decline, [14]; throws off Turkish yoke, [20]; independence by Treaty of Berlin, [27]; area and population, [29]; bands in Macedonia, [32]; declares war against Turkey, [34]; alliance with Bulgaria, [35]; decide to mobilize, [36]; enter Macedonia, [53]; victorious, at Kumanovo, Prilip, and Monastir, [53]; differences with Bulgaria, [64]; desire to reach Adriatic, [68]; recoils to Aegean, [70]; question of division of Macedonia, [72]; propaganda in Macedonia, [82]; attitude of, [92]; jingoism in, [96]; position of, [100]; alliance against Bulgaria, [108]; her enlargement of territory under the Treaty of Bukarest, [110]; affiliations with Russia, [127].

Shishman, Czar, dies, [11].

Silistria, taken by Roumania, [109]; awarded by Powers, [113].

Slavs, unsubdued, [4]; all under Moslems, [13]; hostility to Greeks, [18]; indignation against Turkey, [47]; racial characteristics in Macedonia, [89].

Suleyman the Magnificent, [5].

Thrace, ruled by Murad I, [4]; location, [54]; entered by Bulgarians, [54].

Treaty of Berlin, recognizes Servian independence, etc., [21]; of Bukarest, [110]; of London, short lived, [58]; eliminates Turkey, [63]; of Partition, between Servia and Bulgaria, [64]; of San Stefano, created "Big Bulgaria," [25]; torn up by Powers, [26].

Triple Alliance, influence, [127].

Triple Entente, influence, [127].

Trnovo capital of Bulgaria, [10]; burned, [11].

Tsaribrod, interview at, [95].

Turkey, empire in Europe, [3]; armies go to Danube, [4]; becomes central European power, [5]; treatment of subjects, [6]; decline and division, [7]; driven from Europe, [8]; oppression, [13]; troops ravage Bulgaria, [14]; reconquers Greece, [22]; European, how divided, [28]; area and population, [29]; frustrates Treaty of Berlin, [32]; war against by Balkans, [34]; blockaded by Greece, [51]; at mercy of Allies, [56]; at Peace Conference, [57]; accepts peace, [57]; driven from Europe, [59]; reoccupies Adrianople, [109]; final boundary of Turkey in Europe, [111]; no longer European power, [125]; Asiatic, next danger-point, [129].

Uskub, Dushan crowned at, [12]; given Bishop, [81].

Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece, [37]; criticism of and defense, [40]; his predicament, [46]; suggests conference of Allies, [95]; conciliatory position, [104].

Veria, Greeks enter, [50].

Vienna, Suleyman at gates of, [5]; siege of, [14].

Vilayet, Turkish term, [28].

Vlachs, in Macedonia, [114].

William, of Wied, King of Albania, [120].

Young Turks, rule, [33]; reject proposals of Venizelos, [47]; forced out, [48]; depose Kiamil Pasha, [58].

Zaimis, succeeds Prince George in Crete, [45].