HISTORY OF ENGLAND

FROM

THE FALL OF WOLSEY

TO

THE DEATH OF ELIZABETH.

BY

JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, M.A.
LATE FELLOW OF EXETER COLLEGE, OXFORD.
VOLUME II.

NEW YORK:
CHARLES SCRIBNER AND COMPANY.
1872.

Charles Scribner and Co of No 654 Broadway New York have authority from me to publish all works which I have chiefly written and may hereafter write.J A Froude.
London. Jan. 29. 1871.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER VI.
THE PROTESTANTS.
PAGE
The Lollards[16]
Presentation to Religious Benefices in the Fourteenth Century[17]
Statutes of Provisors[21]
Rise of the Lollards[25]
John Wycliffe[26]
Theory of Property[28]
Insurrection of Wat Tyler[29]
Wycliffe's Influence declines[30]
Death of Wycliffe[31]
Insurrection of Oldcastle[34]
Close of the Lollard Movement[35]
New Birth of Protestantism[37]
The Christian Brothers[38]
Luther[39]
Multiplication of Testaments[40]
William Tyndal[41]
The Antwerp Printing-Press[42]
The Christian Brothers[43]
Wolsey's Persecutions[49]
Story of Anthony Dalaber[57]
Escape of Garret[69]
Perplexity of the Authorities[70]
The Ports are set for Garret's Capture[71]
Garret goes to Bristol, and is taken[72]
The Investigation at Oxford[73]
Doctor London's Intercession[74]
The Bishop of Lincoln[75]
Oxford is Purged[76]
Temper of the Protestants[77]
The Fall of Wolsey brings no Relief[78]
Sir Thomas More as Chancellor[79]
Contrast between Wolsey and More[88]
Martyrdom of Bilney[89]
Martyrdom of James Bainham[90]
Feelings of the People[92]
Pavier the Town Clerk[93]
The Worship of Relics[94]
Roods and Relics[95]
The Rood of Dovercourt[96]
The Paladins[97]
Early Life of Latimer[98]
He goes to Cambridge[100]
Latimer's Education[101]
His Fame as a Preacher[102]
He is appointed Chaplain to the King[103]
His Defence of the Protestants[104]
He is cited before the Bishops[105]
Latimer before the Bishops[106]
Thomas Cromwell[109]
Will of Thomas Cromwell[116]
CHAPTER VII.
THE LAST EFFORTS OF DIPLOMACY.
Mary of Hungary[125]
The King is cited to Rome[127]
Clement refuses further Delay[128]
Isolation of England[129]
Henry urgent against the Interview[130]
He appeals to a Council[132]
Terms of the Appeal[134]
Legal Value of the Appeal[136]
Cranmer's Sentence known at Rome[137]
Measures of the Consistory[138]
Henry again calls on Francis[140]
He will not surrender his Marriage[141]
He will not repeal his Legislation[142]
He urges the Rupture of the Interview[143]
Recal of the Embassy[144]
England and Germany[145]
Birth of Elizabeth[149]
Clement arrives at Marseilles[150]
The Interview[151]
Bonner at Marseilles[152]
Bonner and the Pope[153]
The Pope rejects the Appeal[157]
Proposal for a Court to sit at Cambray[158]
Francis implores Henry to consent[159]
Henry refuses to revoke the Laws against the Papacy[160]
State of England[162]
The Princess Mary[165]
Queen Catherine[168]
The Nun of Kent[170]
State of Feeling in England[178]
Proposed Marriage of the Princess Mary[181]
The Nun of Kent[183]
Disgrace of Mary[184]
The Countess of Salisbury[185]
The Nevilles[187]
General Superstition[191]
Proposals for a Protestant League used as a Menace to Francis[192]
The Protestant League[194]
The Court of Brussels[196]
Meeting of Parliament[197]
Perils of the Reformation[198]
Cromwell[199]
Opening Measures[200]
The Congé d'Élire[201]
Abolition of Exactions[204]
Closing Protest[205]
Apology of Sir Thomas More accepted by the King[206]
Obstinate Defence of Fisher[208]
The Bill proceeds[209]
Execution of the Nun[210]
Her last Words[211]
The Act of Succession[212]
The first Oath of Allegiance[216]
Clement gives final Sentence against the King[218]
Obscurity of the Pope's Conduct[222]
Mission of the Duke of Guise[223]
The French Fleet watch the Channel[224]
The Commission sits to receive the Oath[225]
More and Fisher[226]
More before the Commission[227]
He refuses to Swear[228]
Debate in Council[229]
The Government are peremptory[230]
Concession not possible[231]
Royal Proclamation[232]
Circular to the Sheriffs[233]
Death of Clement VII.[236]
CHAPTER VIII.
THE IRISH REBELLION.
State of Ireland[237]
The Norman Conquest[238]
Absentees[239]
The Norman Irish[241]
Weakness of the English Rule[248]
Distribution of the Irish Clans[249]
The Irish Reaction[251]
Condition of the People[253]
English and Irish Estimates[254]
Ireland for the Irish[255]
Coyne and Livery[256]
The Geraldines of Kildare[257]
Deputation of Lord Surrey[261]
Return of Kildare[265]
Foreign Intrigues[266]
Desmond intrigues with the Emperor[267]
Geraldine Conspiracy[268]
Kildare sent to the Tower[270]
The Irish Rise[271]
The Duke of Richmond Viceroy[272]
Third Deputation to Kildare[273]
Ireland in its Ideal State[274]
New Aspects of Irish Rebellion[275]
Ireland and the Papacy[276]
Kildare is sent to the Tower[277]
Desmond and the Emperor[278]
Corny O'Brien[279]
The Holy War of the Geraldines[280]
General Rebellion[281]
Siege of Dublin[282]
Murder of Archbishop Allen[284]
Fitzgerald writes to the Pope[285]
Dublin saved by the Earl of Ormond[286]
A Truce agreed to[287]
Delay of the English Deputy[288]
Ormond again saves Dublin[289]
The Deputy sails from Beaumaris[290]
Mismanagement of Skeffington[291]
Delay and Incapacity[292]
Burning of Trim and Dunboyne[293]
Skeffington will not move[294]
General Despondency[295]
Disorganization of the English Army[296]
The Campaign opens[297]
Siege of Maynooth[298]
Storming of the Castle[299]
The Pardon of Maynooth[300]
The Rebellion collapses[301]
Lord Leonard Grey[302]
Fitzgerald surrenders[303]
Dilemma of the Government[304]
Execution of Fitzgerald[305]
End of the Rebellion[306]
CHAPTER IX.
THE CATHOLIC MARTYRS.
State of England in 1534[307]
Temper of the Clergy[308]
Order for Preaching[310]
Secret Disaffection among the Clergy[312]
The Confessional[313]
Treasonable Intrigues[317]
Catholic Treasons[318]
Persecuting Laws against the Catholics[319]
The Act of Supremacy[322]
The Oath of Allegiance[326]
Election of Paul the Third[328]
Anxiety of the Emperor[330]
Proposals for a Catholic Coalition[331]
Counter-Overtures of Francis to Henry[332]
Attitude of Henry[333]
Distrust of France[335]
England and the Papacy[336]
The Penal Laws[337]
The Battle of the Faiths[338]
The Charterhouse Monks[339]
The Anabaptist Martyrs[357]
Fisher and More[359]
Fisher named Cardinal[364]
The Pope condescends to Falsehood[365]
Fisher Tried and Sentenced[366]
Execution of Fisher[367]
Sir Thomas More[368]
Effect upon Europe[377]
Letter to Cassalis[382]
Reply of the Pope[385]
Bull of Deposition[386]
Intrigues of Francis in Germany[388]
England and Germany[390]
CHAPTER X.
THE VISITATION OF THE MONASTERIES.
Visitation of the Monasteries[396]
The Abbey of St. Albans[402]
Commission of 1535[407]
The Visitors at Oxford[409]
Progress of the Visitors[413]
Visit to Langden Abbey[415]
Fountains Abbey[417]
The Monks at Fordham[419]
The Monks of Pershore[421]
Rules to be observed in all Abbeys[423]
The Black Book in Parliament[427]
Discussion in Parliament[429]
Conflicting Opinions[431]
Smaller Houses suppressed[433]
The Protestant Bishops[435]
State of London[437]
The Vagrant Act[439]
Remission of Firstfruits[440]
Dissolution of Parliament[441]
The Work accomplished by Parliament[442]
CHAPTER XI.
TRIAL AND DEATH OF ANNE BOLEYN.
Death of Queen Catherine[443]
Anne Boleyn[446]
Anne Boleyn committed to the Tower[454]
The Tower[457]
Cranmer's Letter to the King[459]
Cranmer's Postscript[461]
Preparations for the Trial[468]
True Bills found by the Grand Juries[469]
The Indictment[470]
The Trials[476]
The opposite Probabilities[480]
Execution of the five Gentlemen[483]
The Divorce[484]
The Execution[486]
The Succession[488]
The King's Third Marriage[490]
Opinions of Foreign Courts[491]
Meeting of Parliament[492]
Speech of the Lord Chancellor[493]
Second Act of Succession[495]