4. OV OPEN AND SHUT VOWELS.
Az vocallity must often depend on articulacion; consonants, like vowels, must nedher be too manny, too few, nor oddher dhan dhemselvs. If sounds open must not seem shut, sounds shut must not appear open. No servile can attend a shut vowel; hwich, on dhe contrary, must show dhe consonant dhat shuts it. Hwen a consonant concludes dhe syllabel, after an open vowel; a servile must gard dhe vowel from dhe consonant, hwich else wood shut it. A shut vowel dhen must show dhe shutter, or be left apparently open.
Dhe first vowel (a), slender or braud, may doutles be more or les so, by dhe prezzence or absence ov dhe stres, or vocal exercion. A slender, self or substitute, iz open az garded, in fain, fein, and fane; wail, and wale; open az unshut, in paper, favor, braver, bravest, braving, braved: so in fainer, feiner; az wel az faining, feined; wailing, wailed; waling, waled; articculated pa-per, fa-vor, bra-ver, bra-vest; fai-ner, fei-ner, and so on: for a singuel consonant, natturally (dhence nescessarily) articculates dhe following, not dhe preceding vowel. A, slender, iz shut in fan, fanning; and the like. A braud (au) haz its own distinctive servile in faun and fawn, in all and awl, ball and bawl. Dho l remain dhe servile in balling, az wel az dhe w in bawling; it iz no servile, but dhe effective shutter, in ballot, bal-lot, or dhe like.
A braud, shut, plays its own part, hwen articculated by w or qu (vertually cw,) in dhe propper Waller, az in wallet or quallity; in war, quarrel; wart, quart; wan, want, quantity, and such. A braud, shut, not so articculated, substitutes o shut: dhus dhe o ov cord iz perfetly coincident, or unison, widh dhe a in ward. Hware a performs its own braud-shut part, o becoms dhe substitute ov u shut, az in won word; quoth and quod.
E iz dhus open in mean and mien, tiend and fiend, siev and seiz; widh grief, griev; relief, reliev; receiv, receit, and dheir fellows. Open iz e likewize in meat, meet, and mete; (three coincident!) meeting, meting, and meter; shut in men, pen, fen; met, set; penny, fennel; penning, setting: and so foarth.
I iz open in fine, finer, finish; dine, dining, and diner; rime, riming, and rimer; fi-ner, fi-nish, and so on: shut in fin, finnish; din, dinner; brim, brimmer; fin-nish, and simmilar.
O iz open in Po, pole, polar, and polish; mode, modish; soal, sole, and soll; shut in sollace, pollish, and moddest; po-lish, pol-lish, and dhe like.
U iz open in unit, unite; tune, tunic, punic, studious; shut in studdy, unabated: u-nit, stu-dent, stud-dy, un-a-ba-ted; such compounds being licenced to' take in dhe singuel consonant ov dhe prepoziscion.
So hear we, and so see we,
a, e, i, o, u, open; ar, er, il, on, us, shut; may, me, my, mow[[2]], mew; mas, mes, mis, mos, must. So Mary, marry; even, sevven; ivy, Livvy; odor, odder; student, studdy.
If dhen open vowels must appear open, shut vowels must appear shut. Forrain, even parental, diccions cannot rule dhe picture ov dhe native: for picture can hav but won oridginal. Widh parrity ov rezon may (and must often) dhe parental vowel be open, and dhe descendant shut. To' edher iz Popes laconnic line applicabel:
Dhis dhey, dhat know me, know; dhat lov me, tel.
To' keep Inglish, dhus like French and Lattin, or spelling dhe contrast ov speech; our litterature haz hiddherto' no likenes ov our language; and haz continnued inaccessibel to' evvery native, az much az to' evvery strainger. For, hwile we lernedly lov to' see
Aloe, melon, lily, solemn,
carol, very, spirit, coral, borough,
manor, tenant, minute, honor, punish,
clamor, blemish, limit, comet, pumice,
chapel, leper, triple, copy,
habit, rebel, tribute, probate,
heifer, profit,
cavil, revel, drivel, novel, hovel,
city, pity, british, critic,
madam, credit, idiom, body, study,
tacit, licit,
hazard, ezad, lizard, closet, bosom,
vicar,
liquor,
liquid,
rigor,
rigid:
We shrewdly hope to' hear,
Alloe, mellon, lilly, sollemn,
carrol, verry, spirrit, corral, burrow,
mannor, tennant, minnute, onnor, punnish,
clammor, blemmish, limmit, commet, pummice,
chappel, lepper, trippel, coppy,
habbit, rebbel, tribbute, probbate,
heffer, proffit,
cavvil, revvel, drivvel, novvel, hovvel,
citty, pitty, brittish, crittic,
maddam, creddit, iddiom, boddy, studdy,
tascit, liscit,
hazzard, ezzad, lizzard, clozzet, buzzom,
viccar,
liccor,
licquid,
riggor,
ridgid.
Hwile dhus notthing but s can dubbel soft c, or sibbilantly shut dhe preceding vowel; and render precious, or vicious, hwat dhey ar; but prescious, or viscious; dhe sibbilants direct simpel figgure may not onely becom, in dhe ostensibel physic, visit, and vision, a dubbel depressive; in dhe real phyzzic, vizzit, and vizzion; but work equal wonders, in polysyllables ov anny extension; pretending, in dhe verry name, to' paint pollysyllabels. And dhus dhe trokees grow innumerabel, dhat shut and sharpen, shortening dhe former vowel; hwich dhey hav hiddherto' pretended to' exhibbit slowly and smoodhly open: so leving singuel dhe intermediate articulacion, hwich must be audibly dubbel, (must shut az wel az articculate,) and continnue dhe equal impossibillity, ov reading and writing our language.
For, hwen our diccion attains, like oddhers, dhe happy habbit ov appearing hwat it iz; alternate strength and febelnes must prezent mallice and maliscious, sollemn and solemnity, morral and morallity, mannor and manorial, limmit and limmitacion, habbit and habittual, spirrit, spirritual, and spirrituallity. So evvery consequencial, hweddher ov trocaic or dactyllian stres: orrigin, oridginal, oridginality, or originallity, reallity, quallity, equallity, verrity, verrily, ennemy, ammity, appathy, probbity; so, widh propphet, propphesy, and propphecy; but, by penultimate or antepenultimate ennergy, (dhe stres on last but won, or last but two',) prophettic, or prophettical: widh philossophy, philossopher, and philosopphic; widh avvarice, avvariscious; lodgic, logiscian; phyzzic, phyziscian; immage, imadgine; madjesty, majestic. Az alliment, saccrament; az orrifice, saccrifice, and orrator, widhout violacion ov aught sacred, or chainge ov oracion.