INDEX.

Abbeville, museum at, [16].
Abbot Millitus, Pope Gregory's letter to, [21].
Abd en Nar and Abd en Nour, [404].
Aberdeenshire circles, [202] et seq.
Aberlemmo, stone at, with cross, [268];
date, [270];
memorial of what, [270].
Abraham, stone set up by, [438].
Ac, import of termination, [329], [330];
its prevalence in West of France, [329];
its coincidence with dolmens, [329];
its occurrence in West of England, [330];
names of cities with this termination in France, [328], [376].
Achemlock circle, [530].
Addington, groups at, [118];
circles at, [119].
SeeAylesford.
Adil, Swedish king, defeats Snio, [279].
Africa. SeeAlgeria, Tripoli. Its monuments may furnish key to
solution of mysterious questions, [414].
African prince mentioned by Asoka, [498].
Age between exodus of Romans and Alfred, darkness of, [113-4];
stones more eloquent than books then, [114].
Agra, tomb of Akbar at, [496].
Agricola, [20].
Ahmedabad, city of, [457].
Aix la Chapelle, decree of, [25].
Ajunta, importance of Vihara at, [501].
Akbar, sovereign of India, [459];
tomb of, [47], [496].
Alajor, Talyot at, [435].
Alaska, Hydahs in, [18].
Aleutian Islands, route of peoplers of America, [516].
Alexander mentioned in edict of Indian prince, [498].
Alfred, [23-4];
his victory at Ashdown, [123];
how commemorated, [123].
Alentejo, dolmen in, [378].
Algeria, no Druids in, [6];
long ignorance as to its numerous dolmens, [395];
researches of Messrs. Rhind, Christy, and M. Féraud, [395];
Bou Moursug, [395];
Setif, [396];
Tiaret, [397];
Tripoli, [397];
their ordinary position, [397];
Bazinas, [397];
Chouchas, [398];
dolmen on steps, [398];
tumuli with lines between, [399];
sepulchral stones, [399];
plan and elevation of African tumulus, [400];
dolmen with two circles, [400], [471];
others on road from Bona to Constantine, four
cairns enclosed in squares, [402];
analogy to examples in Scandinavia, [403];
age of Algerian examples, [403];
of what race, [403];
Djidjeli, tombs near, with circle, [404];
find there, ib.;
their age, ib.;
Sidi Kacem, dolmen near, and inscription, [405];
circle near Bona, [405];
Algerian monuments contemporary with early Christians, [405-6];
their general age, [406];
who erected them, [406] et seq.;
date of, [403];
compared to Aveyron, [407].
Alignment, at Shap, [130];
Carnac, Erdeven, St.-Barbe, [354] et seq.;
two heads, [354];
singular head of column, [355];
Crozon, Kerdouadec, Carmaret, Leuré, Gré de Cojou, [368];
Preissac, [368];
Stonehenge, why made, [110-1];
Sesto Calende, [391].
SeeAvebury, Avenues, Beckhampton, Caithness.
Alkil, Danish chief, [279].
Allées couvertes ou grottes des Fées in France, [340] et seq., [358-9];
at Lochmariaker, [365].
Alleth, battle at, [374].
Alphabetical writing, date of its introduction into Ireland, [189],
[196], [271];
interruption of use for centuries, [272].
Altars, [425].
Altmark, dolmen at, [301].
Alyattes, tomb of, [31].
Ambrius, convent of, [109].
Ambrosius Aurelius said to have erected Stonehenge, and why, [106];
forces a peace upon Saxons, [107].
America, North, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge;
survey of Messrs. Squiers and Davis, [510];
absence of rude-stone monuments, ib.;
earthworks, American peculiarity, [511];
enclosures for defence, extent of, ib.;
inference from, ib.;
sacred enclosures, peculiarity and number of, size and form of
enclosures, ib.;
Newark Works, ib.;
whether residences of chiefs, [513];
conical mounds, mounds of sacrifice, finds, ib.;
Grave Creek mound, Miamisburgh mound, [514];
temple moundscompared to Teocallis of Mexicans, ib.;
difficulty of distinguishing between temple and palace, ib.;
were the mounds not civil? ib.;
animal mounds, gigantic serpent form, doubt
whether animal object of worship, [515];
whether European emigrants account for population of America, [517];
way of communication, [516];
material of tools found in America, [517];
Redmen and mound-builders distinguished, these correspond with the
"Hydahs," [517].
America, Central, and Peru, carved stone monuments, [517-8];
Peruvian compared to those of Pelasgi and Tyrrheni, [518];
no rude-stone monuments observed in South America, ib.;
Tia Huanaco not like so-called Druidical remains, ib.;
circles and squares, [519].
American Indians non-progressive, [18].
Amesbury, Hengist's meeting with British chiefs at, [107].
Amlaff, King, [253].
Amlech, or Hamlet, tomb of, [299].
Amorites, dolmens in country of, and perhaps nowhere else in
Palestine, [442].
Amravati, arts of Bactria at, [456];
sepulchral circles at, [474];
tope and rail, [475], [493];
representations of priests at, [501].
'Ancient and Modern Wiltshire,' [5].
'Ancient English Castles,' Mr. Clark's, [84].
Andalusia, dolmens in, [378].
Anderson, Mr., horned cairns described by, [528].
Angles, seeSaxons.
Anglesea, Druids in, [5];
circles in, [162].
Anhalt dolmen, [301].
Animal mounds in America, [515];
whether of Chinese origin, [517] note.
'Annals of the Four Masters,' [176], [187-8].
Annandale, [129];
circle, seeWoodcastle.
Antequera dolmen, [383].
Antigonus } mentioned in edict of Asoka, [498].
Antiochus }
Antiquity, why caution necessary in assigning, [144];
of rude and polished stone monuments, [508].
Antony, whether founder of Monasticism, [499].
Aquhorties circle, [263].
Aquitania in time of Cæsar, [328];
of Augustus, [328];
language of, unknown, [333];
pressed upon by Celts, [409];
whether they migrated to Africa, [410].
Aquitanians perhaps in Britain, [163], [238];
and perhaps dolmen builders, [328];
but few dolmens between Garonne and Pyrenees, [328].
Arabia, rude-stone monuments in, [444] et seq.
Arabs, their conquest of North Africa, [404];
their feeling as to monasticism, [500].
Arborlowe, vallum and ditch of, [62].
SeeDerbyshire.
Archæological Congress at Copenhagen, [10].
Arches not in use amongst Hindus, but Burmese, [458].
Architecture, meagreness of historical accounts of buildings between
erection of Parthenon and Henry VII.'s Chapel, [114];
Irish, [221] et seq.;
law of progressive development, [222];
when inapplicable, [222-3];
sequence in monuments of Ireland, [237-8];
three styles of three races perhaps simultaneous there, [238];
of monuments at Stennis, [255-6];
differences of style of similar monuments in different countries,
[306];
sequence of style in dolmens, [335];
without drawings no words can describe style, [334];
peculiarity of church architecture in south dolmen region in France,
[332];
Celtic, ib.;
similarity of style no proof of synchronism, [369];
different examples compared, [369];
influences of Roman, [414];
of Indian Art, ib.;
of dolmens or nurhags and giants' towers, which the older, [437];
sequence of style and material in India, [456] et seq.;
wood, stone imitation of wood architecture, [456];
Mahommedan mosque built by Hindus, [457];
arches not used by Hindus, ib.;
ruins of Ahmedabad, [457];
Palitana, ib.;
Burmah, Cambodia, [458];
Hindu not immutable, [459];
Indian unprogressive tribes, ib.;
rude and refined architecture, co-existence of, in India, [482];
early crosses in India, of what date?, [486] et seq.;
appropriation by Romanists of pagan forms, [489];
connexion of Singalee dagobas and sepulchral tumuli, [491];
Tee, what it represented, [490];
wood and then stone forms--rails, [492-3];
styles of Eastern and European dolmens compared, [494];
points of similarity and dissimilarity, [495];
cists outside tumuli, holed slabs, simulated summit cists,
concentric enclosing circles, [496] et seq.;
use of stone imitated by rude nations in Europe, from what nations,
[508];
and in India from what race, ib.;
when introduced in the East in its rude form, and in its polished
form, ib.;
ditto in the West, ib.;
age of introduction of tumuli or barrows unascertained, ib.;
as also of Cave men and stone implements, ib.;
uses sepulchral or cenotaphic, [509];
or for battle-field, or offerings to spirits of the departed, ib.;
connexion with relics of the dead, ib.;
whether dedicated to God, sun or moon, &c., or serpents, ib.;
twofold principle of erection of such structures, ib.;
North America, [511];
civil and sacred, royal and monastic, [514];
animal, gigantic earthen forms, [515].
Ard-na-Raigh, place of execution, [233].
Ardèche, remains of Cave men in, [321].
Arfin, Prince of Norway, [250].
Argyllshire dolmens, [273].
Arles council, [24], [25].
Arnbjörg, wife of Sandulf, [272].
Art, King, where buried, [212].
Arthur, King, his existence doubted by some, [114], [132];
round table, [62];
contemporary history null, [114];
his round table, [128] (seePenrith);
probable history of Arthur, [133];
his defensive war against invaders, [134];
his supposed Scottish career, [134];
ill-founded, [135];
localities of his twelve battles, [135] et seq.;
of his last battle, [86-7];
views of the author, [152];
fables respecting, likened to those about Alexander, [133];
Arthur's pike at Shap, [130];
Arthur's Quoit, [170].
SeeBaden Mound, Bas Lowe, Caerleon, Caledonian Forest, Gain,
Salkeld, Stanton Drew, Woodcastle Lyn.
Arrichinaga dolmen, [388].
Arroyolos dolmen, [377];
described by Borrow, [389].
Aryans a progressive race, [18], [19];
occupation of Greece, [39];
when they crossed Indus, [445];
penetrate into North America, by what route, [516];
Aryan, non-Aryan, equivalents of what, [506].
Aschenrade, singular arrangement of circles, [317].
Ashdown, Sarsen stones at, [121-3];
drawing of, [122];
contrasted with Carnac, ib.;
Druidical, [123];
or monument of battle between Saxons and Danes, ib.
Asia Minor, dolmens not yet found in, [445].
Asoka, King, monument of, [47];
introduction of stone monuments in India, [48], [455];
his rock-engraved edict, [498];
convocation, [501].
Aspatria, [155];
compared to Herrestrup, [304].
SeeCircles.
Asser cited as to battle between Saxons and Danes, [123].
Astarte, seeMelkart.
Asturias, dolmens in, [378].
Atridæ, tombs of, [32];
Atreus, [33].
Aubrey, [3];
his account of Hakpen Hill, [76];
cited, [104].
Augustine, St., cession of temple at Canterbury to, [22-3].
Augustus, tomb of, [40];
no coins of, found in Britain, [144].
Auisle, King, [201].
Aurelius, seeAmbrosius.
Axevalla, singular dolmen at, [312-3];
find there, [312].
Aztecs, buildings of, [515].
Avebury, [1], [3], [6], [7], [61];
age of, [17];
pretended serpent worship, [4];
represented, [62];
vallum, ditch and circle, [62], [63];
Sarsens, [62];
Kennet avenue, [63];
no curved avenues, [64];
double circle or oval, [64];
who interred there, [86];
author's opinion, [86], [89];
holes, [343];
Beckhampton avenue, [64], [98];
Silbury hill, [62];
Waden hill, [62];
object of structure, [65];
theory of Druidical temples, [66];
disputed, [66] et seq.;
Avebury a burying-place, [72];
charter of Athelstan as to, [73];
stone row, [73];
plan of, [81];
sepulchral or battle-field, [116];
attached to circles, [29], [51];
with or without circles or dolmens, [29], [53];
example at St. Helier, Jersey, [51];
chamber there found buried, [54];
at Merivale Bridge, on Dartmoor, ib.;
why erected, ib.;
what they represent, [56].
Avening, holes in chamber at, [357].
Avenue. SeeAlignments, Avebury, Aylesford.
Averni Celts mentioned by Livy, [327].
Aylesford, [110] et seq.
Kit's Cotty House, what, [116];
description of, [110];
why erected, [119];
erroneous view of Mr. Wright as to Belgian burials there, [119];
Tollington, stones at, purpose of, [119];
obelisks or coffin stones, [117];
in memory of what, [119];
circles of Addington abbey, ib.;
Horstead, tumulus at, [120];
explored by Colonel Fisher, ib.;
absence of valuables or other articles in tombs there, accounted
for, ib.;
"Countless stones," [117];
resembles Oroust, [305];
drawing of, [117];
a supposed avenue near, [117-8];
other groups at Addington and near Kit's Cotty House, [118];
Aylesford the stage of a battle between Vortigern and Saxons, [119];
Bede's statement of locality of battle not conclusive, [121].
BABA, images of, buried, [449].
Babylon, age of its palaces, [1].
Bactrian Greeks, influence of, upon Indian architecture, [456], [508].
Badon Hill, Arthur's battle there, [138]. SeeBattles.
Bahmany dynasty in India, [485].
Bähr, Professor, his book of Graves, [318].
Baille clough togal dolmen, [229].
Baker, Mr., his account of Aryan interments, [479].
Balk, Saracenic arches, [457].
Ballina, seeMaols.
Ballo dolmen, [321].
Ballysadare, cairn at, [179].
Balor of the Evil Eye, [187].
Balquhain circle, [263].
Banesdown battle, [87].
Bang, importance of monastery at, [50].
Bangkok, Buddhist monument at, [413].
Barbarism of early Irish, [235].
Barbato, monuments in, [415].
Barbury Castle, siege of, [88].
Bards, [19];
testify to Druids, [6].
Barrows, [11];
of Roman period, [36] (seeBartlow Hills);
British, [65];
Silbury, ib.;
conical, [83];
their number and position, [102];
age of, [104];
Derbyshire, [138];
Yorkshire, ib.;
on Boyne, [200];
in Orkneys at Stennis;
bowl-shaped, [243];
find, [243];
Sandwick, ib.;
conoid barrows, ib.;
find, ib.;
of what race the barrows, [243-4];
seeMaes-Howe;
little barrows by thousands in Orkneys, of what race, [249];
Halfdan's barrow, [250];
Danish Royal barrow, ib.;
Longbarrow at Lethra, [282];
and at West Kennet, [284];
whose grave, [283];
date, [285];
explored by Thurnam, [283];
find there, [285];
inference from, [286-9];
post-Roman, [286];
long barrow at Wiskehärad in Halland, [288];
what it marks, ib.;
long barrows post-Roman, [289];
ship barrows, [291-2];
numerous in East France, [327];
holed chambers in long barrows at Kerlescant and Rodmarton, [357].
Barry's 'Views in Orkneys,' [241].
Bartlow Hills barrow, [36];
elevation, [14], [83].
Bas Lowe, Arthur's table, [137].
Basin, flat-bottomed, mysterious, [216-7].
Bassas, Arthur's battle on, [136].
Bateman, Messrs., diggings by, [138], [140-4];
finds at Benty Grange, [145];
and at Kenslow barrow, ib.;
overlook monuments at Stanton Drew, [146].
Bateman, Mr., explores Arbor Lowe, [357];
his and author's remarks on finds by, [13-4].
Bath, seeBattles.
Battles.--Arthur's, [12], [135] et seq.;
Ashdown, [122];
Aylesford, [119];
Badbury, [87];
Badon Hill, [86];
place of Arthur's last battle disputed, [86-7];
Banbury Hill, date of, [109];
Banesdon, [87];
Bath, [87];
Battlemoss, Yarhouse, [526];
Braavalla, [188], [280-2];
Deorham, [88];
Kongsbacka, [279];
Moytura, South and North, [176] et seq.;
Rollright, [126].
Battlefields marked by megalithic remains, [14].
Battlestones in Scotland, [240], [272];
Kirkliston, [272].
Bauta stones, [60], [272].
Bazinas in North Africa, [397-8].
Beaumont-sur-Oise, find at, [339].
Beckhampton avenue, [64];
position of stone, [98].
Bede, his division of Kent explained, [121].
"Beds" of Diarmid and Graine, [225].
Behring's Straits route of peoplers of America, [516].
Beira dolmens, [378].
Belgæ, absence of dolmens amongst, [302];
their pre-dolmen immigration into Britain, [323-4];
Belgæ or Firbolgs in Ireland, [176].
Belgaum, altars and tables at, [467].
Belgians, erroneous statement of interments at Kit's Cotty House, [119].
Bellovesus, his invasion of Italy, [327].
Benares, style of architecture at, [412].
Benty Grange barrow, [144]. SeeDerbyshire.
Beowulf's poem contains incidents of Saxon burials, [120];
Beowulf's victory over Wurm, ib.;
his interment, ib.;
his helmet, [145];
his verses on Knock na Rea, [185].
Bernard, Commandant, his description of enormous dolmen at Tiaret,
[397].
Bertrand, Alexander, attacks Celtic origin of megalithic monuments,
[254].
Bertrand, M., [6];
his essay upon dolmens, [324];
his theory as to migration of dolmen race, [378-9], [407];
as to builders in North Africa, [403].
Betal or Vetal, worship of, [467].
Bhils, Coles, Gonds and Toda, non-progressive tribes in India, [459];
their tenacity to usages, ib.
Bilithons, [435].
Birck, dolmen enclosed in square, [307].
Birra the hag, [231];
monastery, [231]. note.
Biscay dolmens, [378].
Bits of Bridle, [81], [304]. See Stukeley.
Blaine, Mr. D. R., his notes and sketch of dolmen at Kafr er Wâl, [441].
Blair, Dr., engraves Carnac, [350].
Blenda, Swedish heroine, her victory, [291].
Bluestones, if part of Stonehenge, [97];
whence the stones, [108];
story explained, [108-9]. SeeSarsens.
"Bluetooth," [296].
Boece and Fordun, their fables, [134].
Boinn, wife of Nechtan, [212];
"her small hound" buried with her, ib.
Bollandists' work silent as to Buddhism, [505].
Bona, circle near, [405];
dolmen, [532].
Bonstetten, cited, [308], [379];
map, [324];
according to, no dolmen in Poland, [301].
Borlase cited as to Boscawen circles, [160].
Borrow mentions monument at Arroyolos, [377].
Borther Lowe, find at, [12].
Boscawen, [160]. SeeCircles.
Boucher de Perthes, collection by, [16].
Bouie's survey of New Grange, [204].
Bousquet, dolmen of, [46], [49].
Boyne, monuments on, [200], [290];
burials, [212].
Braavalla Heath battle, [280-2]. SeeBattle-fields.
Brachenbyr dolmen, [46], [49].
Brahmins, their domination in India, [459].
Breas' invasion of Ireland and defeat, [187].
Brest Menhir, [58].
Brigantes join Silures, [381].
British chiefs massacred by Hengist, where, [106].
British isles described by Diodorus, [8];
not more prosperous before Roman invasion than in 5th century,
[114-5];
Spaniards, Silures, settle in, [383].
British Rude-Stone Monuments,
how affected by conquest by and withdrawal of Romans, [394].
Britons, [20], [21], [37];
peace with Saxons, when, [89].
Brittany, monuments in, [6]. SeeCarnac.
Broad-pated race, [306].
Brochs, Scotch, resemble Nurhags, [431] note.
Brodick Bay circles, [262].
Brogar, King of, in Orkneys, [241];
failure of search there, [243];
how to proceed, ib.;
tumuli, [252-3];
compared to Stanton Drew circles, [256].
Bronze age, Stonehenge belongs to, [102];
as also tumuli in South of France, [327].
Brouillet, M., his work on Poitou, [329].
Brown, Mr., his account of Hydahs, [18].
Bruges, capital of Celts, temp. Bellovesi, [327].
Brugh, burial-place of Kings of Tara, [190], [199], [212].
Brugh na Boinne, burials at, [191] et seq.
Brunswick dolmens, [301].
Bryce, Dr., his observations in Arran, [265].
Buckingham, Duke of, directs diggings at Stonehenge, [104].
Buddha, Dagobas or Stupas of, [41].
Buddhagosa, no written books before, [500].
Buddhism, [458];
in India, [458] et seq.;
in the West, [499] et seq.;
in Christianity, [499];
monastic institutions, ib.;
monasticism opposed to Egyptian institutions and Arab or Semitic
feeling, [500];
relation of Essenes to Buddhism, ib.;
monasticism in India apparent from monuments and inscriptions, [501];
three convocations: cells: Viharas, Chaityas, [501];
sculptures: Sanchi: Ascetics: Amravati shaven priests: date of
similar institutions in West, ib.;
peculiarities of, separation of clergy from laity, [501];
canonization, relic worship, [503];
date, silence of the Fathers, eloquence of architecture, [506];
Buddhism Turanian, ib.;
nature of the faith, ib.;
Turanians in Europe in Middle Ages, [507];
what with respect to stone monuments the West borrowed from the
East, [507];
of what Buddhism was the reform, [504].
Buddhist architecture, [40-2].
Buddhist Topes [46];
rails, [48], [492];
Lâts or Stambas, [57];
convocations, [501].
Burials, usages of, in the Steppes, [449].
Burmah, date of temples at, [1];
dagobas, [41].
Burmah and Siam, architecture of wood, [456].
Burn Moor, [159]. SeeCircles.
Burton, Right Hon. W., describes cairn Knock na Rea, [184].
Butte de Cæsar, find there, [339].
Buxton, rude monuments near. SeeDerbyshire.
CABEIRI, images of, [425].
Caboul valley, [452].
Cæsar mentions Druids, but not their temples, [20];
stood, perhaps, at Carnac, ib.;
inference from his and Pliny's silence, [373].
Caerleon, or Chester, Arthur's ninth battle at, [137].
Cairns at Rath Cruachan, [200];
Lough Crew, [213];
Glen Columbkille, [226];
Freyrsö, [292];
Norway, [302];
the distribution of dolmens in Europe, [301-2];
dolmens belong to a sea-faring race, [302];
four cairns enclosed in squares, [402];
compared to Aschenrade, [403];
Jewurgi, [471-2];
probably battle-field, [472];
huge horned cairn Caithness, [528], [530];
of "one Man," find there, [178-9].
Caldwell, Mrs., find in possession of, [210].
Caledonians like Germans, [162];
Caledonian Forest, place of Arthur's battle, [137].
Callernish, age of, [52].
Calliagh Birra's House, [230].
Calvaries in Brittany, [59].
Cambodia, monuments of, not ancient, [1];
style of buildings, [458].
Camden, his remark as to place of interments at Stonehenge, [105];
as to Rollright and Rollo in England, [126];
as to Long Meg, [127];
as to ruins at Shap, [129];
and Penrith, [132].
Camster alignment, [529].
Cangas de Onis, [387].
Cannibalism of early Irish, [235].
Canonization in the East, [503].
Canterbury, Roman Cathedral at, [22].
Canute forbids adoration of stones, [25].
Caons, or Giants' circles, [453].
Cape St. Matthieu, [59].
Carder Lowe, barrow opened at, [1].
Carl Sverkersson slays Danish prince, [291].
Carmaret, alignment at, [367].
Carnac, [1];
Rev. Bathurst Deane's plan of, [6];
Cæsar perhaps saw from it battle with Veneti, [20];
described, [349];
plan, [352].
Carnutes, Druids' chief seat amongst, [5].
Carrowmore, [181];
field of battle, [187], [198], [223].
Carte, Mr., as to field of battle at Baydon hill, [87].
Carthaginians in Spain, [379];
not building or burying race, [394].
Cartheilhac, M., his paper on megalithic monuments, [335].
Cas Tor avenue, [56].
Castern, find at, [13].
Castille, if dolmens in, [378].
Castle Wellan dolmen, [45].
Cat stones, [57], [146]. SeeDerbyshire battle stones.
Catalonia, dolmens in, [378].
Cathair, or round fort, [235];
of Tuatha de Danann, [193];
of Cormac at Tara, [194].
Cathregomion, Cabregonnon, Catbregonnion, or Cathbregion, Arthur's
11th battle there, [138]. SeeStanton Drew.
Catigren, where buried, [144]. SeeKitt's Cotty House.
Cattle spoil of Cooley, [196].
Cave men, [17], [18], [329];
like Red Indians, [17];
or Esquimaux, ib.;
under what circumstances found in France, [16];
and England, [16], [17].
Cave races, gradations of style of monuments among, [335].
Caves, early, in India, [456];
Buddhist, [460].
Ceallach, murder of, [233].
Cedric, Saxon chief, [88-9].
Celtiberians, seeIberians.
Celtic race, priests of, [3], [4];
whether French megalithic monuments belong to, [6];
their influence upon Etruria, [393].
Celts, ready converts to Christianity, [227];
date of the first invasion of Gaul, ib.;
were earlier converts than dolmen builders, [328];
spread themselves through centre of France, ib.;
either Celts or a prehistoric race built the dolmens, [329];
the Cave men, ib.;
who these were, ib.;
dolmens and Cave men perhaps conterminous, ib.;
Cimbri, Celts, and Gauls, [333];
Cimbri and Aquitanians, relation of, ib.;
their capital temp. Bellevesi, [327];
described by Livy, ib.;
Averni, ib.;
if dolmens in Galatia, important bearing upon Celtic theory, [446];
their invasions of other countries, [409].
Cemeteries of Ireland, [199];
Cruachan, or Rathcrogan, ib.;
circular mounds there, ib.;
monument of Dathi, ib.;
Relig na Riogh, [200];
Red stone pillar, ib.;
circle, ib.;
cairns, ib.;
burials, Queen Meave and Dathi, ib.;
compared with Arbor Low and Salkeld, ib.;
Knowth, ib.;
New Grange, [201];
plundered by Danes, ib.;
first mentioned by Mr. Lloyd, ib.;
Sir T. Molyneux's statement, ib.;
Governor Pownall's, [202];
engravings of by Bouie, [203];
if uncovered, resemblance to Salkeld and Stanton Drew, ib.;
sculpture, [204];
reverses of stones elaborately carved, [205];
how such came to be covered, ib.;
entrance, position of, ib.;
ornaments, [206-7];
sculptured mark, [207];
whether characters, ib.;
Dowth, or perhaps Dubhad, plundered by Danes, [208];
diggings, ib.;
find there, [210];
Netterville House, [209];
tomb of the Dagdha, ib.;
perhaps intact, ib.;
find there, [209], [210];
ornaments at Dowth, [211-2];
written evidence respecting these three cemeteries, [212];
and persons buried, ib.;
author's conjecture as to New Grange, [213];
Lough Crew, [213] et seq.;
if cemetery of Talten, [219];
choice of plan of cemetery amongst Irish, [220];
'Book of the Cemeteries' cited, [221];
stone in cairn T, Lough Crew, [222];
stones in sculptured graves, [223];
Clover Hill, ib.;
Shahpoor, [485].
Cetti, stone of, [173].
Ceylon dagobah, [41];
Thupa Ramayana, and Lanka Ramayana, [489], [490].
Chaityas, seeChurch Caves.
Champollion's discoveries, [1].
Chardin cited as to circles at Tabriz and Miana, [453].
Chariot wheels sculptured on dolmens, [304].
Charlemagne condemns stone worship, [25].
Charleton, Dr., [15];
Inigo Jones's theory attacked by, [3].
Chartham Downs, find at, [13].
Chartres Carnutes, [5].
Chester, seeCaerleon.
China, monuments of, not ancient, [1].
Chinese not progressive, [19].
Chisel, early use of, in Ireland, [217].
Chorœa Gigantum, seeGiants' Dance.
Chouchas in North Africa, [398-9];
position of bodies in, ib.
Christian era, rude-stone monuments subsequent to, [27];
according to Danes, iron introduced about commencement of, [9].
Christianity, according to Welsh and Irish writers, their Druids prior
to, [6];
date of introduction into Denmark, [10];
into India, [489];
in what respect influenced by Buddhism, [499] et seq.
Christians in India, seeCrosses.
Christy, Mr., his researches in Algeria, [395-6].
Church caves at first more important than Viharas, [501].
Cimboeth marks date in Irish history, [189];
founds Armagh, ib.
Cimbri, their cognate races, [333].
Cimbrian Chersonese visited by Pytheas, [38].
Circassia, dolmens in, of shaped stone, [447];
importance of, to migration or missionary theory, [447-8].
Circles, [154];
Englewood Wood, or Rosehill tumulus, ib.;
platform, ib.;
bilithons, [155];
find, ib.;
Aspatria, [156];
barrow, ib.;
find, [156-7];
circle of cists in Isle of Man, ib.;
Mule Hill, ib.;
view and plan of, [158];
openings to circle, [159];
Burn Moor, Cumberland, ib.;
find there, ib.;
square enclosure there, [160];
plan, [160];
Boscawen not Temples nor "Things," ib.;
plan of, [161];
at Moytura, [183];
triple, ib.;
sculptured, enclosing crosses, [304], [315];
mysterious concentric circles, with lines traversing them, [304];
the use of circles and Viking graves continuous in Ireland and
England, [317];
singular arrangement at Aschenrade and in Algeria, [317-8];
circles with stone in centre at Bajard, [318];
circular groups in India, [467] (seeBazina, Choucha);
Alexandropol circles, [450];
Nikolajew concentric circles, base of tumulus, [451];
Western circles not imitation of Tartar, [452];
Peshawur, [453];
Deh Ayeh, near Darabgerd, ib.;
circles attributed to Caons or Giants, ib.;
enclosed circles in America, [511-3];
at Caithness (seeScotland);
Amravati, [474].
Circles, great English, peculiar, [153];
and belong probably to Arthurian age, ib.;
post-Roman, [154];
of what race, ib.;
in Wales and Anglesea no circles, [163];
Giant's grave, Drumbo, [228];
circle there object of, [224];
in Scotland, [240];
district of circles par excellencenot on mainland, ib.;
Orkneys, [241];
King of Brogar and Stennis, [241-2];
part of entire group, [254];
date, [256];
Callernish, [259];
circle-building race, [274];
opposite currents of migration, ib.;
Braavalla Heath, [280];
in France, [340];
circle the skeleton of tumulus, [340];
circle at Sesto Calende, [391];
semicircle, ib.;
circles, [397-9];
triple and quadruple, [399];
enclosed in squares, [402];
at Djideli, [404];
Bona, [405];
Malta, [416];
Sinai, [443-4];
Arabia, [444].
Circles surrounding tumuli or dolmens, circles without tumuli or
dolmens, [29], [47], [50];
at Addington, [118-9];
at Rollright, [124];
Dartmoor, ib.;
at Penrith, [126];
concentric, [127] note;
at Marden, [65], [85];
at Shap, [130];
Merivale Bridge, ib.;
at Arbor Low, [139];
Stanton Drew, [150].
Circular temple mentioned by Diodorus among Hyperboreans, [8].
Cissa, King, his tomb where, [283].
Cists, seeKistvaens.
Civil and sacred structures, where indistinguishable, [515].
Clark, Mr. George, his paper on Ancient English Castles, [84].
Clatford Bottom, [44];
Sarsen stones at, [63];
circles at, [161].
Claudian, verses of, as to disasters of Saxons, Picts, and Scots, in
the North, [188].
Claudius Gothicus, coins of, [12], [36], [52];
Claudius, [461].
Clava, [265];
circles and mounds, ib.;
perhaps burial-place of King Brude, [267].
Clemens of Alexandria, his surprise at relic-worship, [504];
as to Buddhism, [505].
Clergy and laity, separation of, in the East, [502].
Closmadeuc, Dr., antiquary, [337].
Clover Hill, [223].
Cnodhba, cave of, identified with Knowth, [201].
Cock sacrificed to Betal, [467].
Cocumella, tomb at, [33].
Cœlus, God, Stonehenge ascribed to, [3].
Cœre, tomb at, [33-4].
Cogolleros, dolmen del Tio, [385].
Coibi, his conversion, [23].
Coilsfield, rubbing on stone at, [211];
stone, [267].
Coins, Roman, of what Emperors generally found, [144];
in Ireland, [166];
inference from, seeFinds.
Cojou, Gré de, alignment at, [367].
Cole, seeBhil.
Cole, Lieutenant, his report as to Kutub pillar, [181].
Collas barrow mentioned in Charter of Athelstan, [73].
Collinson, Colonel, finds columnar buildings in Malta, [425].
Columba, St., [59].
Columbus, America peopled by Europeans prior to, [516].
Columns, seeAlignment.
Come Lowe, find at, [13].
Commerce of early Britons, with what races, [133-4].
Conaing, [201].
Conan, seeMeriadec.
Concentric circles, seeCircles.
Conchobhar McNessa, [197];
husband of Queen Meave, [197], [221];
his conversion, [221];
where buried, ib.
Confolens, dolmen at, [337].
Cong, at Moytura, [177];
place of battle, [198].
Conical form, Roman and Post-Roman, [84].
Conjeveran, city of Kurumbers, [478].
Conn of a Hundred Battles, [193-7], [212], [236].
SeeCormac MacArt.
Conor MacNessa, [193].
Constantine, Saxons defeated by, [109];
his supposed interment at Stonehenge, and when, [109];
coins, [11], [12], [13].
Constantine Junior, coins of, [12].
Constantinople, coins of, [11].
Constans, coins of, [11].
Constantius, coins of, [11].
Conwell, Mr., exploration of Lough Crew, [199], [213], [222].
Copenhagen, congress at, [10];
museum, [16], [325].
Cormack, son of Conn, [190];
where buried, [212].
Cormack MacArt, [193];
convert to Christianity, [196];
orders tracts to be written, ib.;
could he write? ib.
Cornelius, tradition as to, [373].
Cornwall, circles, [162];
circle-building race in, [274].
Corpre, Etan's son, [191].
Costa, S. Pereira da, his account of Portuguese dolmens, [377].
Cotty or Coity House, seeAylesford.
Councils of Arles, Nantes, Rouen, Toledo, Tours, [24];
their decrees as to stoneworship, [23-4].
Countless Stones, seeAylesford.
Court held at standing stones of Rayne by Bishop of Aberdeen, [264].
Cove, Long stone, [4].
Cremation amongst Saxons, [120].
Crew, Lough, [199].
Crichie, find at, [75].
Crimthann, when he lived, [190], [221];
where buried, [192];
seat of his dynasty, [194].
Croker, Mr., his survey of Stanton Drew, [150].
Crom, meaning of word, [44] note.
Cromlech, near Merivale, [55];
among M[a]la Aryans, [479].
SeeDolmen.
Cross Flats, [11].
Crosses, [270], [272];
Irish, how distinguished from Scottish, [270];
Isle of Man, with Runic inscriptions, [273];
crosses in circles, [304];
"Swastica"-like cross, [367];
in India, and their date, [486] et seq.
Crozon, alignment at, [367];
what battle there, [375].
Cruachan, ancient burial-place of Kings of Tara, find, [190-9].
Crubelz, [359].
Crusades, rude-stone monuments in time of, [406].
Cuchullin, [193-7].
Cumberland, no mention of Druids in, [5];
rude monuments, [127], [128];
circles in, probably of same age, [147];
circle-building race in, [274].
Cumbhail (Fingal), [197].
Cumot, or Commensurate grave of Cairbre Lifeachaire, [213].
Cumrew, Salkeld and Mayborough, circles at, similar, [147].
Cuneus, Cape, unvisited by Portuguese writers, [378].
Cunningham, Lord Albert, finds by, at Dowth, [210].
Cunnington, Mr., his opinion as to Marden, [86];
excavation by, at Stonehenge, [105-6];
finds in long barrows, [289].
Curtius cited as to Nasomenes, [407].
Cuthbert, [22].
Cuttack, sacred groves at, [465].
Cyvragnon, pile of, mentioned in Welsh Triads, what, [173].
DABILLA, the hound, interment of, [212].
Daghda, the general, [187];
and king, ib.;
where buried, [191];
when, [190];
real name Eochy, [192];
cairn of, ib.;
residence, [195];
his spit, ib.;
family, [197], [212];
his tomb where, according to author, [213];
written evidence as to, [212].
Dagoba, Buddhist, [41], [79], [490] et seq.;
relic, cists, Tee, rail, [490-1];
compared to dolmen at Pullicondah, [491].
Dananns, Tuatha de, [177] et seq.;
arrival in Ireland, [193];
when, ib.;
burial of, [212].
SeeIreland, Moytura.
Danes, cemeteries plundered by, [209].
Danish antiquaries, their opinion as to epoch of introduction of
bronze and iron into Denmark, [9], [37];
their system respecting, [9], [10], [28];
too hastily adopted in France and England, [10], [388];
their mistaken proceedings, [10-14], [16], [146], [257], [275];
International Congress of Prehistoric Archæology, [276];
merits of Sjöborg, [276].
Danish isles, dolmens in, [301].
Danish settlers in Greenland, [18];
in Britain and Scotland before Roman invasion, [133-4];
commerce, &c., [133].
Daoulas, menhir and cross at, [59].
Darabgerd, circle near, [453].
Dariorigum, standing stones of, [20].
Dartmoor parallel stones at Merivale Bridge, [54];
circles and cromlechs, [55];
avenues at Cas Tor, [56];
circles compared with those at Rollright, [124].
Dasyus the despised, [493].
Date, priority of, in dolmens external or covered, [144].
Dates, found and corrected by architects, [113];
comparative antiquity of certain classes of monuments, [261];
rude-stone sometimes more modern, [407].
Dathi, monument of, [199].
Daviot circle, [263].
Dead, images of, [449].
Deane, Rev. Bathurst, adopts Stukeley's views, [6], [151];
visits Carnac, [351].
Decrees of Councils respecting veneration of stone monuments, [24], [25].
Dedalean buildings in Sardinia, why so called, [429].
Deer Park, Sligo, monument in, [234-5].
Defence, seeMounds.
Deh Ayeh, circle at, [453].
Delhi, iron pillar near, [35];
mosque of Kutb u deem, [457].
Demi-dolmens, [345].
Demons, seeSt. Patrick.
Denmark, megalithic remains in, [9];
museums, ib.;
bronze and iron, date of their introduction into, ib.;
tombs of kings described by Olaus Magnus, [15];
ignorance of Romans respecting, [38];
tumuli in, [39];
circles in, [47];
Bauta or battle-stones, [60].
Dennis' 'Etruria' cited, [391].
Derbyshire dolmens, date of, [36];
rude-stone monuments in, [138].
Derbyshire Rude-Stone Monuments, [138];
Arbor Low, [139];
description of, [139];
similarity to Arthur's Round Table, [139];
plan of, [140];
circle, [140];
dolmen, ib.;
tumulus, ib.;
excavations and find there, [140-1];
Gib Hill tumulus, [141];
excavation and find, [141-2];
Minning Low, [142];
plans of, [142-3];
find there, [143];
similarity to New Grange, ib.;
and Kit's Cotty House, [144];
first Roman, ib.;
Benty Grange barrow, ib.;
find there, [144-5];
Kentlow barrow, [45-6];
Stanton Moor, [146];
monuments of earth and stone, ib.;
Nine Ladies, ib.;
King Stone, ib.;
other groups near Arbor Low, ib.;
cat stones, ib.;
Derbyshire monuments not temples nor tombs of inhabitants, [147];
monuments of what race? ib.;
similar in purpose and age to those in Cumberland, ib.;
find in former, [148];
Stanton Drew, ib.
Devil's Quoits, [64].
Devonshire, circles in, [161].
Diarmid and Graine, seeBeds.
Dinnsenchus, [233].
Diodorus, cited as to circular temple, [8];
text explained, ib.;
as to barbarism of Irish, [235];
Phœnicians in Malta in his time, [425];
Dedalean buildings, [429].
Divitiacus, [323].
Djideli, tombs near, [404];
whose, ib.;
find there, ib.
Dodwell, tombs of Atridæ discovered by, [33];
that of Minyas explored, ib.
Dolicocephalic race, [35].
Dolmens, [29];
free-standing, [29];
on outside of tumuli, [29];
progress of tomb-building, [40-43];
kistvaens, [43];
chambers, ib.;
with gallery, ib.;
dolmens covered, [44];
uncovered, ib.;
opinion that all once covered with tumuli refuted, ib.;
dolmen at Wellan, [45];
de Bousquet, [46];
excavation suggested of dolmen-crowned tumuli, ib.;
at Kit's Cotty House, [116];
at Rollright, [124];
in Cumberland (seePenrith);
at Arbor Low, [140];
France native country of, [161];
few in England, ib.;
and most of English in Cornwall, [162];
in Wales more numerous, ib.;
and Anglesea, ib.;
and Isle of Man, ib.;
by whom erected, ib.;
where, [163];
all not originally buried, [163], [169];
some always intended to be covered, [164], [168];
dolmen in Park Cwn tumulus, [164];
find there, [165];
Uley, ib.;
find there, ib.;
judicious conclusions of Dr. Thurnam from, ib.;
Plas Newydd, [166-9];
stone avenue leading to, [167];
holes in slab, [168];
Pentre Ifan, ib.;
Arthur's Quoit, [170];
whether originally in tumulus, [171-2];
alleged avenue, [172];
group of cairns there, [171];
purpose, [172];
not a cemetery, ib.;
but battle-field? ib.;
Arthur's 8th battle there? [173];
the stone of "Cetti," ib.;
Hob Hurst's House, [172-3];
dates of dolmens, [173];
at Moytura, [183];
in Ireland, how situated, [224];
not on battle-fields, ib.;
perhaps most on east coast, ib.;
beds of Diarmid, [225];
elopement of, with Graine, ib.;
legend as to dolmens, ib.;
legitimate inference from legend, ib.;
Glen Columbkill and Glen Malin More, ib.;
cairns there, [226];
age of, ib.;
tradition as to St. Columba, [227];
of what race the group, [227-8];
Spaniards or Iberians in Ireland, [228];
giant's grave, [228];
circle there, [229];
object of, ib.;
Town of the Stone of the Strangers, ib.;
dolmen at Knockeen, ib.;
Knockeen, plans of, [230];
Calliagh Vera or Birra, ib.;
Greenmount tumulus, [231];
the "four Maols," Ballina, [232];
dolmens in Ireland do not mark battle-fields, [228];
dolmens in Scotland, [240];
many dolmens erected by kings, &c., as their burial-places, and
covered after their interment, [260] et seq.;
comparative antiquity of Callernish and New Grange, [261];
dolmens in North Germany, [300];
silence of German archæology, ib.;
no dolmens in Poland, [301];
Prussia, ib.:
Silesia, ib.;
Prussian Silesia, Pomerania, Rügen, ib.;
Mecklenburg, Hanover, Oldenburg, ib.;
Wildesheim and Engelmanns Becke, ib.;
Helmstädt, ib.;
Holland, ib.;
Saxony, Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, ib.;
Holstein Schleswig, Jutland, Danish isles, ib.;
Sweden, ib.;
none in Norway, [302];
Herrestrup, [303];
dolmen with representations of ships, and circles with crosses,
[304];
analogous to dolmen at Aspatria, ib.;
Halskov, [305];
Oroust, [306];
dolmens in the different countries have distinguishing features,
ib.;
oblong enclosures, [307];
diagram from Sjöborg, ib.;
Roeskilde and Birck dolmens with oblong enclosures, ib.;
Lüneburg, [308];
Hanover, ib.;
Valdbygaards, near Soröe, double dolmen, [308-9];
triple dolmens, Höbisch, [309];
sentinel stones, [310];
buried dolmens, ib.;
Uby, [311];
Smidstrup, ib.;
Axevalla, and find there, [312-3];
dolmens, elliptical and oblong, [313];
age of, ib.;
find, [314];
inscription at Axevalla, ib.;
head-stone with drawings on it, of Kivik Grave, ib.;
its resemblance to one at Locmariaker, ib.;
dolmen at Exlo, [320];
peculiarity of Drenthe dolmens, ib.;
Ballo, [321];
distribution of dolmens map, [324];
pre-dolmen immigration of Belgæ into Britain, [323];
Luxemburg, ib.;
Belgians and pure Celts not dolmen builders, [326];
sequences of dolmens, [335];
Sauclières, ib.;
St. Germain-sur-Vienne or Confolens, [336];
date of, ib.;
demi-dolmens, [345];
others in Ireland and Wales, ib.;
Poitiers and Kerland, [346];
rocking stones, Pierre Martine, [347];
whether accidental, [347-9];
Pierre branlante de Huelgoat, [348];
double dolmen at Plouharnel, and find, [358];
dolmens, &c., if built with small stones, more modern, [359];
Mané Lud, dolmen with sculptured stones, similar to Irish, [360-3];
Dol ar Marchant, sculpture decorations, [361-2];
Bertrand's list of dolmens in France, [376];
termination of names in ac, ib.;
dolmens in Spain, Portugal, [377] et seq.;
dolmen race, migration of, [378-9];
Spain, Antequera, [383];
its stone town once wholly buried, circle, [384];
contrasted with Stonehenge, ib.;
Tio Cogolleros, [385];
Sepultura Grande, [386];
compared to what, ib.;
dolmen near Dilar, ib.;
Eguilar, Cangas de Onis, [387];
dolmen of San Miguel, Arrichinaga, [388];
Portugal, Arroyolos, [389];
Cangas de Onis, Arrichinaga, [390];
why not so numerous in Italy, [392];
influence of conquest and withdrawal of Romans upon, [394];
distribution in Algeria, [396];
principal dolmen region, ib.;
Tiaret, enormous dolmen there, [397];
Tripoli, ib.;
Morocco, ib.;
but not near populous centres, ib.;
inference thence as to nomadic origin, [397];
dolmen on steps, [398];
on a circled tumulus, [400];
with two circles of stones, [401];
resemblance to Kit's Cotty House, ib.;
dolmens on road from Bona to Constantine, [402];
no dolmens in Phœnicia nor in their colonies, [409];
Nurhags and giants' towers earlier than dolmens, [437];
in Palestine, [441];
in Gilead, whether of the giant tribe, [443];
long interval from the first Indian dolmen at Peshawur, ib.;
query as to dolmens in Asia Minor, [445];
holed dolmen in Circassia, [447];
migration theory of dolmens, [448];
missionary theory, ib.;
important bearing of searches in the Steppes upon theories, [448];
Tartar tumuli not models of Western dolmens, [452];
space unexplored for dolmens in East, [454];
Rajunkoloor, [468], [470];
dolmens with holes, find, [468];
double circles round dolmens at Yemmee Gooda, [470];
arrangement of dolmens at Rajunkoloor, [470];
Nilgiri hills: Courg double dolmens with circular openings, [473];
tomb, ib.;
sepulchral circles at Amravati, [474];
rail there, [475];
geographical distribution, [475] et seq.;
of what race, [476] et seq.;
age of, [479] et seq.;
finds in Indian dolmens, [480];
Nilgiri sculptured dolmen, [483];
singular position of one at Iwallee, [484];
stone monuments at Shahpoor, [485];
Katapur, [487];
find, ib.;
dolmen with cross in Nirmul jungle, [489];
illustration of Romish policy, ib.;
dolmen at Pullicondah compared with Cingalese Dagoba, [491];
Eastern and European dolmen compared, [494] et seq.;
whether connexion between them to be inferred from similarity, [495];
or from literature, or from rock-engraved edict of Asoka, [496].
SeeGlen Columbkille;
dolmen near Bona, Algeria, [532].
Dordogne, monuments in, insufficient knowledge of, [335].
Doric supersedes Pelasgic style, [393];
earliest Doric temple, interval between and last Pelasgic tomb, [393].
Dowe Lowe, "find" in, [13].
Down, English tumuli on, [48].
Dowth Hill, [192], [200];
the Dagdha's Rath at, [195];
his son born there, ib.
Dracontia, [515]. SeeSerpent, Stukeley.
Dragon in Maes-Howe, [245].
Drenthe, dolmens in, [301], [320];
Hunebeds at, their extent, [319];
compared by Keysler to Stonehenge, [319];
described by Dr. Janssen, [319];
Hunebeds, grottes des fées, [341].
Dresden, dolmens destroyed near, [301].
Drew, Stanton, circles at, [7], [161].
Drosten, name inscribed on stone, [273].
Druids, human sacrifices by, at Stonehenge, no longer believed, [1];
Dr. Stukeley's fancy respecting their temples, [3];
Cæsar's account of them, [4], [5];
serpent worship supposed, [4];
by Stukeley and Sir R. C. Hoare, [5];
Druids in Mona met by Suetonius, ib.;
none ever seen in regions of principal rude monuments, [6];
nor in Algeria nor India, ib.;
in Wales, according to Welsh writers, before Christianity
introduced, ib.;
controversy in France respecting so-called Druidical monuments,
ib.;
difficulty of connecting them with Druids, ib.;
Stukeley's idea adopted by Deane, ib.;
Stonehenge pretended to be their observatory, [7];
remarks of author, [7], [20], [61];
gods worshipped by Druids, according to Cæsar, [66];
Druidical institutions in India, [465];
Druids and serpents, freedom of Sjöborg from errors as to, [274].
Dryden, Sir Henry, explores Carnac, [350];
near Emmen, [320];
and Caithness, [530];
letter from, to author, ib.;
cited, [362];
his drawings of Gavr Innis, [365];
describes Gré de Cojou, [368].
Duald Mac Firbis, antiquary, [199].
Dubois, cited, [449].
Duglas or Dubglas River, Arthur's battle on, [136];
meaning of word, ib.
Dunadeer Circle, [263].
Du Noyer, M., cited, [345];
drawings, [225].
Dutthagamini, seeEllala.
EADWARD, contemporary of Rollo, [126].
East, seePalestine.
Easter Island, images in, [53].
Eguilar dolmen, [387].
Egypt, iron when introduced into, [37].
Egyptians, tomb building race, [31];
pyramids contained true and false tombs, [46];
their feelings as to monasticism, [500];
royal monasteries and residences indistinguishable, [514].
Eithlenn, daughter of Balor, [187].
Ellala, his defeat by King Dutthagamani commemorated by Dagoba, [80].
Elliot, Sir Walter, cited on Indian interments, [479].
Elliptical dolmens, seeDolmens.
Ellis, Mr., his opinion that Stonehenge was an Observatory, [7].
Ellora and Elephanta, dates of, [494].
Elopement of Diarmid with Graine, [225].
Emmen, [320]. SeeHunebed.
Emmrys, work of, in Welsh Triads, what, [173].
Enclosures, dolmens with, [307] et seq., [354];
in America, for defence, [511];
sacred and miscellaneous, [311].
End Low mound, [139]. SeeDerbyshire.
England, circle-building race in, [274];
dolmen-building race, ib.;
old race in, improved by Celts and Romans, [461].
Engelmanns-Becke, dolmen near, [301].
English idolatry, letter of Gregory the Great concerning, [21].
Eochy, King, tradition as to his bath, [179];
his death, ib.
Eochy the Daghda, [192] note.
Erdeven, [350].
Eric Blodoxe, [250];
sons of, [291].
Eric the Holy, [291].
Eskil, [279].
Esquimaux, Cave men similar to, in what respects, [17].
Es Salt, dolmens near, [441].
Essenes, their connexion with Buddhism, [500].
Estremadura, dolmens in, [378].
Etan, poetess, [197];
where buried, [212].
Ethelbert, cedes temple at Canterbury to Augustine, [22].
Ethnography, seeRaces.
Etrurians, tomb-building race, [31], [393];
dead reverencing, [393];
tomb of Commella, [33];
of Regulini Galeassi, [34];
contents of, [34];
belong to age of bronze, [34];
imitated at Rome, [40].
Europe, Northern, limited knowledge of, before Roman epoch, [38].
Eusufzaie circles, [453].
FA HIAN, his visit to Sanchi, [492].
Faidherbe, General, his remarks on tombs in Roknia, [396].
Family sepulchres marked by megalithic monuments, [15].
Faussett, Mr. Godfrey, his happy reference to Beowulf, [120].
Féraud, M., his researches in Algeria, [395];
his opinion as to building-race, [403];
respecting find at Djideli, [404].
Ferguson, Mr., drawings by, of sepulchres at Dol ar Marchant, [362].
Fiddes Hill circle, [263-5].
Fin, his conflict with Hengist, [120].
Finds: altar stone, [104];
armour, [79], [104];
amber beads, [218];
amulet of
iron, [14];
arrow-head, flint, [11], [12];
ditto, iron, [104-6], [337];
awl, [13];
axe-stone, [165];
ball syenite, [217];
batter dishes, [104];
battle-axe, [156];
basaltic celt, [11];
and hammer head, [12];
beads of glass, [13], [218], [359];
and of amber, [218];
bird of bone, [527];
bluestone, chippings of, [103];
bones, [74], [526];
burnt, [13], [142], [159], [210], [526];
charred, [217];
calcined, [11];
human bones, [155], [179], [182], [199], [216], [219], [446];
bones of animals, [143-5], [182], [216];
bones of mammalia, [210];
of horse, [404], [446];
dogs, [527];
rats, [13];
stags, [104];
oxen, ib.;
of men, ib.;
bones incinerated, [264];
bone bodkin, [210];
comb, [527];
box of bronze, [13];
brass, [165];
brass or copper pin, [12];
spear-head, [103];
bracelet, gold, [447], [527];
bridle bit, [12], [80], [81], [148], [157], [404];
bronze, [11], [13], [120], [141], [145], [184], [216], [318], [339], [358], [526];
buckle, [43];
and heads, [297];
of gold, [156];
burial urn, [527];
cap ornamented with gold, [446];
carvings, rude, [366];
celt, basaltic, [11];
stone, [11], [142];
of bronze, [127];
of jade, [358];
chamber, rude, [159];
charcoal, [103], [265], [469], [526];
chief, and wife and children, remains of, [446];
chippings of stones, [103];
circular instrument, [13];
circumcision, instruments of, [440];
cists, [12], [140-1], [155-6];
coal, Kimmeridge, [13];
coins (seeRoman Coins);
coins, German, [318];
Anglo-Saxon, ib.;
Byzantine, ib.;
Arabic or Kufic, ib.;
coins, Roman, [74];
brass coins, [11];
Claudius, Gothicus, [12], [33], [143];
Constantine, [11], [12], [143], [165];
family of, [11];
Constans, [11];
Constantine II., [11], [339];
Constantinopolis, [11];
Constantine Junior, [12], [143];
Gratian, [11];
Hadrian, [84];
from Tiberius to Trojan, [339];
Theodosius, [209];
Urbs Roma, [11];
Valens, [11];
Valentinian, [11], [12], [36], [143], [144], [209];
combs, engravings on, [218];
compass, leg of, [218];
comb, [527];
copper, [120];
cromlechs, [143];
cylinder partially pierced, [359];
dagger, bronze, [145];
brass or bronze, [12], [13], [14];
dart or javelin point, [142];
dog's bones, [527];
drinking cup (fragments), [12], [145], [297];
earthenware, [525];
electrum plate, part of quiver ornamented with figures of animals
and Greek inscription, [446-7];
enamels, [145];
engraved dagger and Wurm knot, [245];
fibula, [11], [13], [142], [210], [297];
fibula, gold, [156];
flat basin, large, [217];
flint, [11], [12], [14], [146], [165], [182], [218];
fragments of, [286];
flakes, and instruments of, [447];
flowers, silver, [156], [339];
Faustina, medal of, [405];
garnets, [11];
giant, remains of, [130], [156];
glass, [13], [339];
glass beads, ib.;
glass, molten drop of, [218];
gold-enamelled necklace and bracelets, [440];
gold cross, [11];
necklace, [12];
brooch, [212];
ornaments, [13], [358], [451];
goblet, silver, [297];
gold, traces of, [155];
hair, human, chestnut-coloured, [526];
hammer-head, [12];
handle of knife, [13];
helmets ornamented with bronze and silver, [114];
hone of sandstone, [12];
horns, [74];
stags', [13], [105];
of other animals, [105], [150];
horse, [446];
bones and teeth of, [404];
teeth, [12];
bones, [183], [527];
human remains, [165], [209], [217], [356], [444];
ashes and bones, [469];
hair, [526];
human interments, [185], [359];
original or secondary, [209], [284];
inscriptions, [246], [314];
implements of flint and bone, [145], [184], [185], [217], [218], [359];
of iron, [218];
of modern form, [318];
of flint, [286];
inscriptions, [246], [314];
instruments, [13];
ironstone, [12];
ivory tweezers, [103];
jade, axes in, [358];
jet bracelet, [210];
ornaments, [217];
knife, [11], [146];
knife with iron sheath, [12];
iron, [212];
knife-shaped articles, [218];
lacrymatory, Roman, [165];
medal, [404];
metal, lump, [155];
nails, [527];
ornaments, Anglo-Saxon, [11];
rude, [185];
more refined, [211];
of goblet, [297];
dragons, tortoise, fantastic heads of animals, [297];
in gold and bronze, [358], [526];
and copper, [527];
oyster shells, [74];
pebbles, [218];
pin, iron, [13];
bronze ditto, [141], [216];
copper, [210];
pine poles partly burnt, [526];
point, flint, of dart or javelin, [142];
pottery, fine, broken, [357];
pottery, rude, [12], [217], [218], [285], [339];
Roman, [105], [106];
black, [285];
fine, [404];
red and black, rude British, [105], [285];
Roman British, or Mediæval, [165];
precious stones, traces of, [142];
punch, iron, [218];
rat's bones, [13];
ring, gold, [210];
iron, ib.;
bronze, [218], [487];
Runes, [244];
representations of stag and camels, [218];
shield, fragments of, [156];
silver-flower sword-ornaments, [156];
slate, [525];
spear-heads, flint or stone, [182];
skulls, human, [155], [525];
snaffle bridle, [156];
sword, iron, [148], [156], [184], [446];
syenite, [217];
sea shells, [218];
silver, [13], [243];
skeletons, human, [11], [14], [17], [76], [145], [148], [165], [209], [289], [313];
sling-stones, [210];
spear-head, [11], [12];
of brass, [103];
sculptured slab, [365];
stained fragments, [218];
stag's bones, [216];
statuettes, [339];
stone, [11], [165];
polished stones, [218];
stone button, [210];
stone shot, ib.;
studs of coal, [13];
tiles, Romano-Gallic, [338];
others, [359];
teeth of animals, [12];
human, [155], [216];
of horse, [404];
tweezers, ivory, [103];
terra cotta, [339];
torques, gold, [210];
silver, [243];
urns, [11-13], [143], [179], [264];
with ashes, [184], [210];
of stone, [210];
for burial, [527];
vases, [140-1], [357];
whetstone, [13];
wood, coals, [74];
wood, burnt, [182];
wood, dark, [526].
Finds in Denmark, [10];
Derbyshire, [11];
Winster Moor, ib.;
Pegges Barrow, ib.;
Long Rood, ib.;
Haddon Field Barrow, ib.;
Gib Hill, ib.;
Cross Flats, ib.;
Galley Lowe, [12];
Minning Lowe, ib.;
Borther Lowe, ib.;
Rolley Lowe, ib.;
Ashford Moor, ib.;
Carder Lowe, ib.;
New Inns, ib.;
Net Lowe, [13];
Castern, ib.;
Chartham Downs, ib.;
Stand Lowe, ib.;
Wetton and Ilam, ib.;
Middleton Moor. ib.;
Come Lowe, ib.;
Dowe Lowe. ib.;
valley of Somme, [16];
Abbeville, ib.;
Gray's Inn Lane, ib.;
Nineveh, [34];
at Avebury, [74];
at Crichie, [75];
at Hakpen, [76];
contents of, [250];
tumuli, analysis of contents of, [11];
finds at Stonehenge, [103-5];
at West Kennet, [285] et seq.;
inferences from, [288];
inference from nature of, [106];
from coins, [338];
from absence of British, Gallic, and Christian coins, [340];
from Roman pottery, [360];
few inferences of age possible from finds in India, and why, [480];
no iron or bronze, but copper, in North America, [517];
and tools only of copper, [517].
Finn, suitor of Graine, [225].
Firbolgs, or Belgæ, in Ireland, [176];
when, [193];
defeat at Moytura, [179];
how long in Ireland, [193];
whence they came thither, [193].
Fire, worship of, forbidden by Councils, [25].
Flann, son of Conaing, [201].
Flint remains found at Abbeville, [16] note;
inference from, [166];
symbolic of what, [447].
SeeFinds.
Flower, Mr., account of African monuments, [396];
and their builders, [403].
Ford, Mr., his 'Handbook of Spain.'
Fordun, seeBoece.
Fomorians, from Africa settled in Ireland, [176];
dispossessed by Belgæ, [176];
of same race as Dananns, [187].
Forres, Sweno's stone at, [59].
Fountains, worship of, [24-5].
Fouquet, M., seeGalles, M.
Four-cornered grave, [449].
"Four Masters" cited, [213], [225], [382].
France, climate of, at epoch of "Cave men," [17];
finds in, [16];
menhirs, [59];
a single sculptured stone there, [59] note;
French study of rude-stone monuments, recent, but scientific, [325];
'Dictionnaire des Antiquités Celtiques,' ib.;
Bertrand, M., his map of France, [326];
general distribution of French monuments, ib.;
no dolmens in East of France, [327];
date of Celtic first invasion of Gaul, [327], [334];
two early contemporary races in, [328];
the 'ac' termination, [329];
church architecture in dolmen region of the South of France, [331];
form of dolmen distinguishes dolmens in Brittany from those in South
of France, [335];
Confolens, [337];
plan of, ib.;
error of French antiquaries, ib.;
find, [337-9];
dolmens, [340];
size, number, and beauty of, ib.;
few and imperfect circles, ib.;
"Allée couverte" or "Grotte des Fées," ib.;
examples of, elsewhere than in France, ib.;
their distribution here, [340];
Saumur, Essé, Locmariaker, Bagneux, Mettray, [341];
form of French dolmens, [342];
Krukenho, ib.;
comparative age of, [343];
demi-dolmens, rocking stones, &c., [345] et seq.;
Carnac, cemetery and battle-field, [349];
alignments, Carnac and Erdeven, St. Barbe, [350];
Maenec and Kermario, [351];
map, [352-3];
stone rows, [354];
differ how, from Stonehenge and Stennis, [355];
head of column of St. Barbe, Mont St. Michel, ib.;
find, [356];
Kerlescant, find, [357];
Plouharnel, double dolmen and find, [358];
long barrow, Moustoir-Carnac, ib.;
find, [359];
Locmariaker, cemetery, dolmen, [360];
sculptured stones at Mané Lud, [361];
dolmen, Dol ar Marchant, ib.;
end stone and roof, sculptured, [362];
fallen obelisk, [363];
compared to dolmen at Krukenho, ib.;
allée couverte, [364];
ornamented stones, ib.;
Mané er H'roëk, and find, ib.;
Gavr Innis, sculptured stones, [365];
resemble sculptures at Lough Crew, [366];
three-holed stone, tools used, ib.;
Tumiac, tumulus and find, ib.;
Crozon alignments, their origin and purpose obscure, [367];
Gré de Cojou, double alignment, circle, enclosures, dolmen, [367-8];
Preissac, ib.;
date and object of monuments at Carnac, [370] et seq.;
Carnac, Erdeven, and St. Barbe, are they parts of one whole? [372];
argument against their existence in Cæsar's time, [373];
not pre-Roman, ib.;
early history not satisfactory, ib.;
battle between Maximus and Gratian, ib.;
Conan Meriadec, [374];
author's view as to origin of Carnac monuments, [374-5];
Grallon's war with Liberius and Northern pirates, [374];
Romans never settled in Brittany, [370];
effect there of Roman building-style, ib;
and of withdrawal of Romans, [394].
Franks, M., his photograph of Ballo dolmen, [321].
French antiquaries, errors of, [337].
Frere, Mr., his find at Abbeville, [16] note.
Freyrsö, battle at, [276].
Frey's Howe, opened, [527].
Friar's Heel stone at Stonehenge, [7].
Frode Frodegode, tomb of, [299].
Frode V., [278], [288].
GALATIA, importance of dolmens there, if any, to Celtic theory, [446].
Galles, M. René, explores Mont St. Michel,[354];
with M. Fouquet explores Tumiac, find, [366].
Galley Low, find at, [12].
Gallicia, dolmens in, [378].
Ganora, seeGuinevere.
Gariock, Newton stone at, [57].
Garrywhin alignment, [529].
Gaul, Pliny's tale of snakes in, [4];
no stone temples in, mentioned by Cæsar or Tacitus, [20].
Gavr Innis, in Morbihan, [43], [364];
sculptures, holed stone, [365];
compared to Lough Crew, [366];
holes and trough below, ib.;
object of it.
Geraldus Cambrensis, his statement as to removal of stones to
Stonehenge, [107];
how fable originated, [108].
Germans, worship of, in groves only, [20].
Germany, North (seeScandinavia); dolmens in, [301].
Gervaise mentions cemetery at Canterbury, [22].
Ghazni, Saracenic arches at, [457].
Giant tribes in Palestine, builders of dolmens? [442];
circles, [453].
"Giant's dance," Geraldus and Ware cited as to, [107] note.
Giant's grave, [229];
circle there, ib.
Giants' towers, [415].
Giara, plan of, Nurhag of, [430]. SeeMediterranean Islands.
Gib Hill, find at, [11], seeDerbyshire;
analogue of Silbury Hill, [147].
Gildas cited, [87];
as to interments at Stonehenge, [110].
Gilead, dolmens in, [442];
last safe place for dolmens before India, [443].
Gizeh, date of pyramid of, [31].
Glasfurd, Capt., find by, [487].
Glem, or Glein, river, Arthur's battle near, [135].
Glen Columbkille, [225].
Glen Columbkille and Glen Malin, survey of Mr. Norman Moore, [520];
cromlechs or dolmens, stone chambers, solitary stones, [320];
plan of one, [521];
groups of, [523-4];
find, [525];
resemblance of one to Calliagh Birra's tomb, [525].
Glen Malin More, [225].
Godmundingham, destruction of church at, [23].
Gond, seeBhil.
Gongora y Martinez, Don, his work cited, [377].
Gordon, Principal, anecdotes of, respecting holed stones at Stennis,
[255].
Gorm, monument of, [27];
date of, [126], [296] et seq.;
dragon on, [245].
Gothland perhaps mentioned by Diodorus, [8].
Göttenburg, drawings of ships on stones at, [303].
Göttingen, no dolmens in, [301].
Gower caves, [16].
Gozo, spirals and scrolls at, compared to those at Mycenæ, [424].
Graine, daughter of Cormac Mac Art, seeBeds.
Grallon, king of Briton, his wars, [374].
Grandmont, holed dolmen at, [343].
Grange, New, cairns at, [52].
Gratian, defeat of, in Brittany, [374].
Grave, four cornered, [449].
Greece, Aryan occupation of, [39];
early tombs in Greece, ib.;
succession of architectural styles, [393]. SeeBactrian.
Greeks of Bactria introduce usage of stone monuments in India, [48];
Greek kings mentioned by Asoka, [498].
Greenland, route of early peoplers of America, [516].
Greenmount, tumulus at, [231];
diggings at, ib.;
date, [232].
Greenwell, Canon, his researches as to prehistoric tumuli, [289].
Gregory the Great, letter of, respecting English idols, [21].
Gröningen, dolmens in [301].
Grottes des Feés, seeAlées couvertes.
Groups of stones in England, [56].
Groves, sacred, [465].
Guest, Dr., accuracy of his dates, [86];
opinions as to place of Arthur's last battle, [87].
Guidebert circle, [531].
Guin, Arthur's 8th battle there, [137], [172].
Guinevere, where born and buried? [134].
Guzerat, ruins in, of Mahommedan city, [457].
HACAS PEN, seeHakpen Hill.
Hadrian, mausoleum of, [40];
coins of, [84].
Hagiar Khem, plan of cone, [423];
pit-markings, [424];
altar, [425];
headless image, ib.
Hag's Hill, [213]. SeeSlieve na Calliage.
Haken, his victory, [291].
Hakpen Hill, circle and avenue, [4];
double circles, [64];
Dr. Stukeley's theory as to, [4];
dimensions, [65];
mentioned in Charter of Athelstane, [73];
dimensions of ovals, [75];
stones, [76];
find, [76];
date of interments, [77];
Camden's account, [78];
Saxon and Danish burials, ib.;
Roman road at, [83].
Hale Farm, [117].
Halkor, [305];
dolmen, with drawing of ships, circles with crosses or
chariot-wheels, [304].
Hamlet, citation from, [286].
Hannibal in Spain, [380].
Hanover dolmen, [301];
with enclosure, [308].
Harald Blaatand, [296].
Harald Hildetand, his defeat, [280];
grave, [282].
Harold Harfagar, [248];
when took the Orkneys, [250].
Haugagerdium, [249].
Havard the Happy, [250].
Havard, Earl, where interred, [298].
Hauran, Roman tombs in the, [445].
Haxthausen, cited as to Steppes, [448-9].
Head-stone, seeKivik.
Hecatæus cited, [8].
Height of mound an indication of its age, [142] note.
Helmstädt, once dolmens were near, [301].
Hengist and Horsa, [119];
Hengist's grandson, [57];
his treachery, [107].
Henry of Huntingdon cited as to triliths at Stonehenge, [94].
Heracleidæ, return of, what figured by, [39].
Heraldic symbolism, [273].
Heremon, Spanish race of, in Ireland, [381] et seq.;
kings of this race in Ireland, where buried, [200].
Herodotus, his descriptions of tomb of Alyattes, [31];
his account of the Nasomenes, [407].
Herrestrup, dolmen at, [303];
ships, and circles with crosses engraved upon, [303].
Hesiod, his statement as to respective antiquity of brass or iron, [35].
Hiero's temple at mouth of Loire, [21].
Hildebrand, his account of diggings and find at Oden's Howe, [526].
Hildesheim, no dolmen at, [301].
Hindu Goni, [412].
Hindus as builders, [457];
did not employ the arch, [457];
not immutable, [458].
Historic, monuments not, [416].
Hjarnæ, tomb of, [299].
Hjortehammer, singular form of graves at, [316];
date of, according to Worsaae, [316];
Viking graves at, [528].
Hoare, Sir R. C., [5];
his work on Wiltshire, ib.;
his authority, in what questionable, [10];
his account of Hakpen, [77];
etymology of Marlborough, [84];
surveyed Marden, [85];
his opinion of, [86];
plan of Stonehenge, [91];
cited as to Stonehenge, [101-5], [110];
Stanton Drew, [150];
find by long barrows, [289].
Hob Hurst's house, [172].
Höbisch, double dolmen at, [309].
Hock Norton, defeat of English at, [126].
Holback, [310].
Holes in dolmens, [161];
Plas Newydd monolith at Stennis, [255];
ceremony connected with, ib.;
date of, [256];
certainly Scandinavian, [258];
in France, Trie, Grandmont, Bas Languedoc, [343-4];
umbrella form has analogues in India, &c., [343];
holes as entrances to chambers at Kerlescant and Rodmarton, [357];
others at Finistère, [358];
Gavr Innis, [365];
objects of holes there, trough below, [366];
in trilithon, [411];
in dolmen in Circassia, [447];
at Rajunkoloor, [469];
inference of connexion of race from, [495].
SeeTumulus.
Holland, dolmens in, [301].
SeeDrenthe, Hunebeds.
Holland, Rev. Mr., cited as to Sinai, [443];
find by, [444].
Holstein, dolmens in, [301].
Holy Land, seePalestine.
Horsa, his burial-place, [119-21];
battle between and Vortigern, [119].
Horses, sacrifices of, in the Steppes, [449-52].
Horstead, Horsa perhaps there buried, [121].
Houel's monuments in Malta, [416].
Howes, Danish and Saxon burials in, [104];
British ditto, to what date, ib.;
Danish kings buried, [250];
to what date, argument from, [297].
Hoxay, [249-50].
Hubba the Dane, his era, [104].
Huc and Gabet cited as to monasticism in the East, [502].
Human remains, seeFinds.
Human sacrifices amongst Anglo-Saxons, [284-5];
and Khonds in India, [460];
in Cuttack, [465].
Humble, tomb of, [299].
Hunebeds, [318], et seq.;
Emmen, [320-1];
Ballo, [321];
were they originally covered, [321];
Gröningen and Friesland, [322];
use and date, ib.
Hunestadt, dragon at, [245].
Hwitaby circles and Bacta stones, [290].
Hydahs in Alaska, [18];
compared to Cave men, ib.;
accounts of, [18] note;
whether of race of mound builders, [517].
Hy Fiachrach cited, [233].
Hyperboreans, mentioned by Diodorus, [8];
circular temples amongst, ib.;
falsely supposed to be inhabitants of Britain, ib.
IBERIANS, or Celtiberians, [227];
in Britain, [162];
in Donegal, [227];
dolmens, [228];
Irish dolmens, [238];
not very ready converts to Christianity, [228].
Idols, worship of, Councils forbidding, [24], [25].
Ilam, find at, [13].
Images, headless, [425];
of dead on tombs, [449].
India, temples of, [1];
no Druids in, [6];
observations on, [7];
when iron first known in, [35];
tombs in, [41];
holed stones, [343];
westernmost dolmen, [443];
rude-stone monuments, [455];
dates of Aryans crossing Indus, of Vedas and laws of Menou, [455];
no existing stone building prior to Asoka, ib.;
progress of Indian architecture contrasted with that of other
countries, [457];
Hindu not immutable, [459];
but other races are so, [459-461];
Khassia Hills, [462];
rude monuments there similar to European examples, ib.;
cremation amongst Khassias, [463];
funereal seats, ib.;
origin of menhirs there, stone turbans, [464];
menhirs and tables, ib.;
turban-stone, stone-table, trilithon, ib.;
no circles and alignments, tumuli, nor sculptures, but coincidences
with Western nations, [465];
points of similarity and of dissimilarity to Druidical institutions,
ib.;
date of monuments, ib.;
Kamarupa, [466];
Sylhet, ib.;
Western India, ib.;
Belgaum altars or tables, [467];
small circles, central stones, worship of Betal, ib.;
dolmen at Rajunkoloor, [468];
closed dolmen, [469];
find, [470];
cairns, ib.;
Raichore Doab dolmens surrounded by double circles, [470];
arrangement of dolmens at Rajunkoloor, ib.;
cairns at Jewurgi, find, [471];
purpose of each set of dolmens, [472];
their ages, ib.;
double dolmen, Coorg, [473];
tomb, Nilgiri Hills, ib.;
sepulchral circles at Amravati, [474];
circular rail, [475];
distribution of dolmens in India, ib.;
Karumbers Buddhists, [477];
Dravidians or Tumulians, [478];
Karumbers and Singalese, connexion of, ib.;
importance of the unexplored territory of Nizam, ib.;
Travancore cromlechs, [479];
mode of interment, offerings to departed spirits, explanation of
miniature utensils, [479];
finds, [480];
age of monuments, iron how long known in India, iron pillar at Kutub,
Delhi, [481];
sculptured Indian dolmen, [483];
Iwallee, [484];
group at Shahpoor, [485];
cross and dolmen at Katapur, [486-7];
dolmen with cross at Nirmul Jungle, [488];
dagobas in Ceylon, [489], [490];
dolmen at Pullicondah, [491];
Sanchi, rail near, [492];
author's view as to dates of hewn and rude-stone buildings, ignorance
of natives, [493-4];
Eastern and Western dolmens, similarities between, how far proof of
connexion, [495];
tomb of Akbar at Agra, [496];
proof from literature inconclusive, [496];
from Asoka's rock-engraved edict, [498].
Indian Buddhists, rails of, [48];
art influences elsewhere, [414].
Indian origin of Essenes, [500].
Inhumation, different kinds and history of, [30].
Inigo Jones, his treatise on Stonehenge, [23].
Inquisition, [332].
Inscriptions in Maes-Howe, [246];
Newton Stone, perhaps earliest Scotch inscription, [271];
Kirkliston, [271];
Ogham inscription, [271].
Interments, place of, in case of circles, [132], [151];
at Shap, Hakpen, and Crichie, [131-2];
Saxon (seeBeowulf);
articles deposited by Saxons, [145-6];
theory of successive interments, [146];
secondary interments, [165-6];
fallacy as to, [288-9];
Sir John Lubbock's argument respecting summit interments, [166].
International Prehistoric Congress at Paris, [337].
Iolaus with Thespiadæ colonizers of Sardinia, [429].
Iorsala Farer or pilgrims, [244].
Iran and Turan or Aniran, of what these words the equivalents, [506].
Irby and Mangles, Captains, observe dolmens in Syria, [441].
Ireland, tomb-building in, [43];
dolmens in, [45];
external ditto, [46];
menhirs in, [58];
no symbolage in, [59];
bluestones from, transported to England, [108];
rude-stone monuments in, [175];
best illustration of megalithic remains, ib.;
obstruction of the study of Irish monuments, ib.;
services of Dr. Petrie, ib.;
materials for history of, ib.;
copious literature, [176] (seeMoytura);
King Eochy, [178];
Firbolgs or Belgians, [179];
tradition of the "One Man," ib.;
Queen Misgan Meave, [184-6];
Dananns who? [188];
King Nuada of the Silver Hand, [186];
Fomorians, [186-7];
Breas, [186];
Balor of the Evil Eye, [187];
the great Daghda, ib.;
Fomorians and Dananns alleged to be of same Scandinavian race, ib.;
their very early intercourse with Irish, [188];
Dananns were Danes, ib.;
chronology of early events, [188] et seq.;
places of royal interment, [190];
race of Crimthann, [132];
introduction of alphabet, [189], [196];
division into kingdoms, [189];
early accounts of its peopling, ib.;
Irish history doubtful until Cimboeth, ib.;
burial-places of ancient kings, [190];
first influx of civilization, when, according to Dr. Todd,
[193] note;
Oghams, [196];
authentic history of Ireland, when commences, according to Petrie,
ib.;
legend of the Beds of Diarmid, [225];
tradition as to (seeCemeteries);
St. Colomba, [227];
Iberians in Ireland, monuments of, [227];
murder of Dathi by foster-brothers, [233];
barbarism of Irish before St. Patrick, [235-6];
their civilization progressive, [236];
stages of architecture, [237-8];
marks of triple system of monuments, [238];
importance of them to history, [238];
age and sequence of its monuments, [237-8];
circle-building race in, [274];
dolmen-building ditto, [274], [381];
Spanish migration to, Heremon, [381];
where Spaniards settled, [382];
date, ib.
SeeGlen Columbkille.
Iron, when known to Greeks, Israelites, Etruscans, [35];
argument from absence of iron in tombs considered, [37];
when introduced into Denmark, England, Egypt, ib.;
iron, early manufacture of, in India, [482];
and now by Khassias especially, ib.
Iron pillar at Kutub, [481];
date of, [482].
Italy, tomb-building in, [40];
dolmen at Saturnia, [391-2];
chambered tumuli, [392];
hewn stones, ib.;
Etruria, ib.;
why dolmens not so uniform in Italy as in France and Scandinavia,
[393];
earliest colonists, the Pelasgi and Tyrrheni, in contact with merely
stone-hewing peoples, ib.;
reverence of Etrurians for dead, ib.;
their effacement by more progressive races, ib.;
Rome adopts and improves Etruscan architecture, ib.;
and forces Spain and France to a more ambitious sepulture, [394];
their relapse into rude-stone monuments, ib.
Iwallee, singular place of dolmen, [484].
JACOB, stone set up by, [438-9].
Jains succeeded Buddhists in India, [459].
James I. directs researches respecting Stonehenge, [3], [104].
Janssen, Dr., his work on Hunebeds, [319].
Jarl Ragnvald, his expedition, [244].
Jarls, Orcadian, how buried, [297].
Jeffrey of Monmouth cited, [88];
account by, of Stonehenge, [106] and of Merlin, are justified, [412];
his character as writer, [106].
Jellinge, King Gorm's tomb at, [245], [296] et seq.
Jersey, tumulus in, [51];
circle, [52].
Jewurgi, cairns at, [471-2].
Jey Sing, observatories of, [7], [459].
John, St., Baptistery of, at Canterbury, erected, [22].
Jones, seeInigo.
Joshua, stone set up by, [438-40];
flint instruments of circumcision interred with him, [440].
Joyce, Rev. Mr., on crosses, [488].
Juggernaut, temple of, [460].
Junies, remains there, [368].
Jutes, settle in and trade with Britain before Cæsar's time, [133].
Jutland, dolmens in, [301].
KAFR ER WÂL, dolmen at, [441].
Kamarupa, Hindu kingdom, [466].
Karl Lofts, if circle there, [130].
Karumbers, [476] et seq.;
originators of rude monuments in India, [478].
Katapur, cross and dolmen at, [486-7].
Kemble cited, [64], [73];
as to historical value of poem of Beowulf, [120].
Kemp How, [130].
Kennet Avenue at Avebury, [63-4];
called "stone row" in charter of Athelstan, [74];
river, station of Saxons upon, [88];
long barrow similar to Lethra, [283].
SeeRiver Kennet.
Kens Low, [139];
barrow, find at, [145].
Kent, division of, by Bede, [120].
Kent's Hole, [16].
Kerdouadec alignment, [367].
Kerland demi-dolmen, [336].
Kerlescant, [351], [356];
long barrow opened, find, [356].
Kermario avenues, [350].
Keyna, traditions respecting, [151].
Keysler, citations from, [24], [25];
compares Drenthe to Stonehenge, [319].
Khassia Hills, rude-stone monuments, [462] et seq.;
tribes practise cremation, [463];
funereal usages, [463];
iron manufacture, [482].
Khatoura, tomb of Isidorus at, [100].
Khonds (seeGonds), usages of, resemblance to Druids, [460];
Major Macpherson's remarks respecting their worship, [461];
difficulty of putting an end to their human sacrifices, ib.
King Stone, [146].
SeeStanton Drew.
Kings of Denmark, tombs of, [15].
Kinsey, his 'Portugal Illustrated,' [377].
Kistvaens, or cists, how composed, [43];
contents of, ib.;
when covered, [43-4];
passages into, [43];
sculpture in, ib.;
New Grange, ib.;
Gavr Innis, ib.;
Maes-Howe, ib.;
Arbor Low, [140];
Gib Hill, [141];
Plas Newydd, [166].
Kit's Cotty House, [116];
whether ever covered, [44].
Kivik grave, head-stone of, [314];
figures upon, ib.;
date assigned to, ib.;
resembles one in France, ib.
Klein-Raden, [301].
SeeCotty House.
Knock na Rea, [184];
cairn at, [280].
SeeQueen Misgan Meave.
Knockeen, dolmen at, [229].
Knowth, cairn of, [192], [200];
identified by Petrie with cave of Cnodhba, [201];
searched by Danes, ib.
Knut, the great battle between and Olof, [291].
Kongsbacka battle-field, [279].
Königsberg, dolmens near, [301].
Konitz, dolmen at, [301].
Krukenho, allée couverte at, [342];
dolmen compared with Dol ar Marchant, [36].
Kubber Roumeia, tomb of Mauritanian kings, [423-4].
Kurgans or mounds in the Steppes, [448].
Kutb u Deen, his mosque at Delhi, [457].
Kutub iron pillar, [35], [481].
LAITY, seeClergy and Laity.
Landevenec founded by Grallon, [374].
Landver, son of Thufin, where buried, [528].
Largs, battle of, [58];
stone to mark, [58].
Larking, Rev. Mr., his visit to Aylesford, [118].
Latheronwheel, [530] et seq.
Lean Low mound, [139].
SeeDerbyshire.
Lecan, book of, cited, [233].
Lech, meaning of word, [44].
Ledwich, Dr., his description of New Grange, [143].
Lefroy, General, his diggings at Greenmount, [231].
Leoghaine, [212-3].
Leslie, Col. Forbes, [264];
his paper upon Aberdeenshire circles, [263];
Belgian group described by, [467].
Lethra, tomb at, of Harold, [282], [289].
Leuré, alignment at, [367].
Lia Fail, [382], [439].
SeeStone of Destiny.
Liberius, Consul, defeat of, [374].
Liegnitz, dolmen at, [301].
Lifeachaire Cairbre, his grave, [213].
Linn} seeLinuis; meaning of word, [136];
Lyn } perhaps Lake country, [136].
Linuis, where, [136];
locality of a battle of Arthur, different opinions respecting
locality, [136].
Liotr, or Landver, sepulchre, [254].
Listoghil cairn, [181];
mentioned by Petrie, ib.;
find there, [182].
Llwyd, Mr., [201].
Lockmaben, [129].
SeeWood Castle.
Locmariaker, allée couverte at, [341];
Dariorigum, capital of Venetes, [349];
long barrow, Mané Lud [360];
Mané er H'roëk, [360];
dolmen and sculpture, [360-1];
Dol ar Marchant, [361];
allée couverte near, [364];
date, [370].
Loire, grottes des fées along, [341].
Loncarty, defeat of Danes at, [270].
Long Stow Cove, [64].
Long-headed race, superior antiquity of, [36].
Long Roods, barrow at, [11].
Lot, department of, [334].
Lothbrok Ragnar, victories of, [290];
sepulchre of, [298];
battle fought by, [314].
Lough Crew, [199], [213];
excavations, [213];
cairn T. [214];
Hag's Chair, [215];
two stones, [216];
cairn L, [217];
cairn H, ib.;
find there, [218];
cairn D, [219];
other monuments at, ib.
Lubbock, Sir John, analysis by, of contents of numerous tumuli, [11];
Park Cwn tumulus described by, [164].
Lucan cited as to Nasomenes, [407].
Lug, grandson of Balor, [187].
Lukis, Rev. Mr., explores Carnac, [350], [356-7].
Lumberdale House, cist at Gib Hill removed to, [141].
Lüneburg, dolmen near, with enclosures, [308].
Luxembourg, Grand Duchy, dolmens in, [301], [323];
to whom referred, [323].
Lyons, battle near, [374].
MACKENZIE, Col., his map cited, [474];
his drawings of Viraculls and Masteeculls, [483].
Macpherson, Major Charteris, his work, memorials of service in India
cited, [460].
Madracen, [423];
of same type as Maltese examples, [424].
Madsen, his 'Antiquités préhistoriques du Danemark,' [188];
gives examples of buried dolmen, [310].
Maenec, Le, [350] et seq.
Maes-Howe tumulus, [244];
opened, ib.;
early spoliation of, ib.;
runes descriptive of origin, ib.;
the spoilers, who, ib.;
inference from runes, ib.;
engraving of dragon, similar to Danish, [245], [246] et seq.;
Wurm knot, [245];
inscription, [246];
age of, ib.;
architecture of howe, [247];
chamber and loculi, ib.;
resemblance of mound to those on Boyne, [248];
of what race and age, [249-256];
unique monument must have belonged to most magnificent race, [258].
Magas mentioned by Asoka, [498].
Magh Mor, King of Spain, his connexion with Ireland, [187].
Magnus Henricksson, Danish Prince, [291].
Magnus Olaus, description by, of megalithic remains in Sweden, [15], [101].
Mahabharata, date of the, [455].
Mahommedans could not influence the non-progressive tribes of India,
[459].
Mahommedanism, aversion to, in India, [459].
Majorca and Minorca, seeMediterranean Islands, [434].
Mal Lumkun, cross erected by, [272].
Malé, M., his example of demi-dolmen, [345].
Malmor, or Mal Muru, [272].
Malta, tombs of, [410];
giants' towers, [415];
Maltese monuments, seeMediterranean Islands.
Man, Isle of, circles in, [162];
crosses in, [273].
Mané er H'roëk, find there, [339], [360], [364];
singular sculptured slab, [364].
Mané Lud, [360].
Mangles, Captain, seeIrby.
"Many Stones," group, [529].
Maols, or Murderers, graves of four, at Ballina, [233], [336];
certain date of, [233].
Marden, [63];
circle, plan, [85].
Marienwerder, dolmen at, [301].
Marlborough, etymology of word, [84].
Marmora, Count de la, his work on Sardinia, [428] et seq.
Marsa Sirocco, remains at, [425].
Masses, immense, moved by rude peoples, [465].
Masteeculls, what, [483].
Mauritanian kings, tombs of, [424].
Maximus, overthrow of Roman power by, [373];
his battle, [374].
Mayborough (seePenrith and Cumrew);
circle at, compared to Little Salkeld, [127].
Meave Misgan, Queen, seeMisgan.
Mecklenburg, dolmens in, [301].
Mediterranean islands, non-historic monuments of, shaped stones, [415],
[436];
Malta, giants' towers, circles, [416];
Gozo, [417];
Hagiar Khem, [419], [423];
Mnaidra, [418-22];
roofing of Maltese monuments, [422];
these compared to Kubber Roumeia and Madracen, [424];
Gozo scrolls and spirals compared to those of Mycenæ and Greece,
ib.;
pit-markings, ib.;
altars and stone tables, [225];
monuments not temples but sepulchres, [425-6];
Phœnicians in Malta, [425];
the monuments, of what race and age, [426], [437];
prior to dolmens, [437];
Sardinic Nurhags, [427];
storeys of Nurhags and groups, plan of, ib.;
Santa Barbara, [428], [431];
silence of history as to them, [429];
Dedalean buildings according to Diodorus, ib.;
La Giara, [430];
what Nurhags were, [431];
derivation of, [432];
view of author as to purpose of Nurhags, [433];
Balearic islands, Talyots at Trepucò, Minorca bilithon, [435];
Alajor, ib.;
stone tables, [435-6];
rude-stone circles, [432].
Megalithic monuments at Moytura, [180] et seq.;
every kind of, except avenues, [180-1];
monument in Deer Park, Sligo, [234];
its anomalous nature, [235];
Celts had nothing to do with, according to Bertrand, [254];
gap of, between France and Scandinavia, [323];
none in valleys of Rhine or Scheldt, ib.;
distribution of, [334];
map, [324];
table, [376];
demi-dolmens, rocking stones, [345] et seq.;
Carnac, [350];
Tiaret, [397].
Megalithic remains, how to study, [19];
rarely in this country contain flint, bronze, or iron, [19];
style uniform, [36];
age of, [37];
resemblance to Buddhist structure, [42] (seeKistvaens);
mark battle-fields, family sepulchres, or graves of distinguished
men, [15];
great light as to, derivable from Irish remains, [175].
Melkart and Astarte, temple in Malta dedicated to, [425].
'Memorials of Service,' work of Major Charteris-Macpherson, [460].
Menhirs, [29];
derivation of word, [57];
where, ib.;
purpose, ib.;
single stones in Scripture, Greece, Etruria, ib.;
rarely inscribed, ib.;
in Ireland, Wales, Scotland, [59];
France, ib.;
at Lochrist, ib.;
Denmark, [60] (seeMonoliths);
purpose of menhir in Khassia, [463];
Western not after Tartar models, [452].
Menou, laws of, date of, [455].
Meriadec Conan, British Prince in France, [374];
wars of, ib.
Merivale, bridge at, [55-6];
parallel lines of stones at, [54];
their purpose, ib.;
avenue, circles, and cromlech at, [55-6].
Merlin, his bury, [84];
his connexion with Stonehenge, [107];
fable about, [133];
explained, [412].
Mettray, allée couverte at, [341].
Mexican temples, [514];
race non-progressive beyond a certain point, [19].
Mexico, carved stone monuments in, [517].
Miamisburgh, sepulchral mound at, [514].
Miana, circle at, [453].
Microlithic remains, [40], [41], [47].
Miegle, alleged burial-place of Guinevere, [134].
Migration from France to Algeria, [409];
of people settled around Mediterranean, [410].
Migration theory, how proved or disproved, [443], [445].
Minho, dolmens in, [378].
Miniature urns and utensils in Indian tomb, use of, explained, [479].
Mitjana, Don Rafael, pamphlet by, [377].
Minning Low, [130], [142-3].
SeeDerbyshire.
Minorca, seeMediterranean.
Minyas, tomb of, [33].
'Mirabilibus Auscultationibus, De,' work ascribed to Aristotle, [429],
[434].
Miscellaneous, seeMounds.
Misgan Meave, Queen, cairn of, [183];
killed by whom, [184] (seeMoytura);
poem of her life and adventures, [196];
her husband, [197].
Mnaidra, elliptical chambers, [417];
plans of monuments at, [418-22];
cones, [419];
pit-markings, [420];
openings in walls, shelves or loculi or columbaria? [420];
roofs, [421].
Modestus, his zeal of proselytism unsuccessful in Brittany, [373].
Mogalana and Sariputra, disciples of Buddha, [504].
Mogols, domes of, [40].
Molyneux, Sir Thomas, [202].
Monasticism in the West, [499];
Vestal Virgins, Antony, ib.;
Essenes, [500];
history silent as to monasticism in the East, not so architecture,
[501];
imitated by the West from the East, ib.;
peculiarities introduced, [502].
Monoliths at Stennis, [242];
holed, [242], [255];
Setif, [397].
Mont St. Michel, possibly occupied by Cæsar, [20];
find, [356].
Montfort, Simon de, [481].
'Monumenta Britannica' cited, [87].
Monuments, seeRude-Stone.
Moon worship forbidden, [25].
Moore, Norman, Mr., his visit to Glen Columbkille, [225];
letters from, respecting, Appendix, [520-3].
Moors in Spain, [381].
Motes, or places of judgment, stones to mark, [26].
Mounds of sacrifice in North America, [513];
of sepulture, [514];
temple, ib.;
animal mounds, [515];
conical mounds, [513].
Moustoir Carnac, long barrow and find, [358-9].
Moytura, [176];
two battles at, [175];
narrative of, by O'Donovan, [176];
first battle at North Moytura, [176-7];
second battle at South Moytura, [177-9];
circles, [177];
cairns, ib.;
cairn of "One Man," [178];
importance and varieties of monuments at Northern Moytura, [180];
map, [181];
plan of circles, [182-3];
dolmen, [183];
tomb of Misgan Meave, [184];
locality of it doubted, [185];
account of battle of Northern Moytura, [186];
dates of battles, [188], [197];
when accounts first written, [197];
localities of battles, [198];
monuments at, contrasted with English and Scandinavian examples, [198];
resemblance of, to Braavalla, [280], [304].
Muir Divock, [130];
circles at, [130].
Mule Hill, [157-8].
SeeCircles, Small.
Mulheran, Mr., account of Katapur, [487].
Mull of Cantyre circles, [262].
Munch, Professor, his observations as to spoilers of Maes-Howe, [244];
mentions Halfdan's barrow, [250].
Mycenæ, tombs of Atridæ at, [32], [36];
analogous to Jersey circles, [52], [53];
scrolls and spirals there resemble those of Gozo, [424].
NABLOUS, dolmens on road to, [441].
Naper, Mr., excavations by, [213].
Nasamones, who, [407];
Herodotus mentions their veneration of dead, ib.;
a plundering tribe, ib.
Navarre, dolmens in, [378].
Nemedh, three sons of, [179].
Nennius, his account of origin of Stonehenge, [107];
of Arthur's battles, [135].
Nestorians, how far to the east, [488].
Net Lowe, find, [13].
Netterville House, tumulus, [209].
New Craig circle, [263].
New Grange, [43], [52];
Royal cemetery, [192], [201].
New Inn, [12].
Newark Works in America, [511].
Newton, [263];
sculptured stone, [263], [271].
Niall, father of Leoghaire, [212].
Nicol, Dr., his observations in Kincardine, [265].
Nikolajew, uncovered base of tumulus, [451].
Nilgiri Hills, tombs and dolmens, [472-3];
sculptured dolmens, [483].
Nine Ladies, circle of, at Stanton Moor, [48-9], [140].
Nineveh, dates of buildings at, how ascertained, [1], [34].
Nirmul Jungle dolmen with cross, [488].
Nizam's unexplored territory important to art and history, [478].
Nonhistoric monuments, [415].
Norman pirates, Grallon's war with, [374].
North Germany, seeScandinavia.
Norway, no dolmens in, but cairns and such like monuments, [302].
Nuada, king, "of the silver hand," battle and death, [187].
Nur, meaning of, [432].
Nurhags of Sardinia, [410], [415], [427] et seq.;
derivation of word, seeSardinia.
OAK used in Thyra's tomb, [298].
Obelisk, development of, [59];
at Aylesford, [117], [119];
at Rollright, [124];
at Dol ar Marchant, [363].
Oberhartz, no dolmens in, [301].
Oberyssel, dolmen in, [301].
O'Brian, wild speculations of, [175].
Observatories in India, [459].
Ochaim, Niall's burying-place, [212].
O'Curry, his account of battle cited, [188];
his view as to date of Ogham writing, [196].
Oden's Howe, exploration of, [526];
find, ib.
O'Donovan, his account of Moytura, [176];
his confession of uncertainty of Irish chronology, [190];
remarks as to dolmen of four Maols, [233].
Og, king of Bashan, [442].
Oghams, [29];
on menhirs, [58];
date of introduction, [196];
little used, and for what, ib.;
on Newton Stone, [271].
Ohio, sacred enclosures in, [511];
district of, how first peopled, [516].
Oise, holed dolmen at, [343].
Olaus, seeWormius, Magnus.
Old Testament, stones mentioned in, [57].
Oldenburg, dolmens in, [301].
Olfers, Dr., tomb of Alyattes examined by, [32].
Olof the Holy, [241].
Ophite theory, [4], [7].
Oppeln, dolmen near, [301].
Orchomenos sepulchre explored by Dodwell, [33];
lined with bronze, [34];
inference from, as to civilization, [39].
Orkneys (seeMaes-Howe, Scotland, Stennis);
no timber in, [298].
Orkhow, treasure there, [252].
Oroust, dolmen at, [305-6];
resembles Countless Stones, [305];
in enclosure, [310].
Osnabrück, dolmen in, [301].
Ougein, observatories in, [7];
commercial capital of Asoka, [459].
Ouseley, Sir W., cited as to Eastern circles, [453].
Oval dolmens, seeDolmens.
Ozene, or Ougein, which see.
PAGAN TEMPLES, similarity of, to Christian, [22-3].
Palestine and the East, dolmens, [438];
of stones mentioned in Scripture but one of megalithic class, [438-40];
monolith, [440];
dolmens between Es Salt and Nablous, [441];
and Kafr-er-Wâl, ib.;
whether dolmens outside of Gilead, [442];
of what tribe known examples are, ib.;
age of, [443];
Peshawur, ib.;
circular-domed tombs at Sinai, and stone circles, ib.;
find, [444];
Nukb Hawy ring, ib.;
resemblance to Bazinas and Chouchas, ib.;
Arabia, near Eyoor, rude-stone monuments mentioned by Palgrave,
resembling those of the West and at Tripoli, [445];
interest attaching to Arabian examples, ib.;
Asia Minor, unsolved problems respecting, [446];
Kertch, chambered tumuli, and finds, [447];
dolmens of shaped stones, holed in Circassia, Crimea, and on shore of
Baltic, [447].
Palgrave, Mr. Giffard, rude-stone monuments seen by him in Arabia, [444].
Pallas cited, [449].
Pancras, St., temple at Canterbury dedicated to, [22].
Pandus, temples popularly assigned to, [494].
Pape and Peti, early inhabitants of Orkneys, [248].
Parallel lines or avenues, [50].
SeeAvenues.
Park Cwn tumulus, [164];
meant to be visible, [164];
find at, ib.
Parkhouse circle, [263].
Pataliputta, seePatna.
Patan, Emperors, domes of, [40].
Patna, convocation at, [501].
Pausanias, tomb of Atridæ described by, [32], [33].
Pegges Barrow, [11].
Pelasgi and Tyrrheni, in contact with only stone-hewing races, [393].
'Pelasgic Remains,' work by Dadwell, [33];
style superseded by Doric in Greece, [393].
Pembroke, Philip, Earl of, his testimony as to Stonehenge, [104].
Pen, prefix, meaning of, [64].
Pennant cited as to Mayborough, [128-9].
Penrith, Arthur's Round Table at, [82];
Long Meg and her Daughters, [126] et seq.;
mentioned by Camden, [127];
Mayborough, ib.;
monolith, [128];
King Arthur's Round Table, ib.;
plan of, ib.;
history of monuments, [131];
Shap alignment not Druidical, ib.;
nor sepulchral, ib.;
at least not the cemetery of Shap, ib.;
marks battle-field, [132];
victory over Saxons, perhaps, ib.;
objections, [132-3];
monuments near, mark victories of Arthur, [132].
Pentre Ifan dolmen, [168].
'Periplus,' the, cited, [459].
Perthes, M. Boucher de, "find" by, on the Somme, [16].
Peru, carved stone monuments in, [518];
resemble Pelasgic and Tyrrhenian, ib.
Peshawur dolmen, [443];
circle, [452];
and at Deh Ayeh, [453];
hewn-stone circles ascribed to Caons or giants, [453];
if other dolmens in the East? [454].
Peti or Picts, [248-9].
SeePape.
Petrie, Dr., his useful but interrupted services in Ireland, [175];
observations of, as to cairn Listoghil, [181];
Moytura, [181] et seq.;
Tara, [193];
introduction of writing into Ireland, [196];
Oghams, ib.;
Knowth, [201];
cited as to Talten, [219];
style of Irish monuments, [238];
his excavations in the Orkneys, [249];
his suggestion as to Moytura, [280].
Phayre, Sir Arthur, on circle at Peshawur, [452].
Phœnicians, Romans, and Greeks of Marseilles, their influence upon
architecture of rude nations, [508].
Phœnicians, voyages of, to Cornwall, [38];
written characters at New Grange, [207];
not builders of rude-stone monuments, [409].
Picardy, remains of Cave men in, [329].
Pictland, features of, [58].
Picts, origin and relations with Irish and Gauls, [267];
their capitals, [271];
language, ib.
Pierre branlante, Brittany, [348].
Pierre Martine, rocking stone, [347-8].
Pilgrim Scandinavian pirates, [244].
Pit-markings, [424].
Plas Newydd dolmen, [167-9].
Pliny, seeCæsar.
Plouharnel, double dolmen at, [358].
Poitiers, demi-dolmen, [346].
Poitou, Cave men's remains in, [329].
Poland and Posen, no dolmens in, [301].
Pomerania, dolmens in, [301].
Portugal, writers on its rude-stone monuments, [377];
dolmens, ib.;
Strabo, an authority for its dolmens, ib.;
Cuneus, [378];
distribution of dolmens, ib.;
throws light upon theories, ib.;
course taken by dolmen race, [378] et seq.;
Arroyolos, dolmen at, [389].
Posen, seePoland.
Pownall, Governor, his disquisition upon marks at New Grange, [202], [207].
Pregel, dolmens on, [301].
Prehistoric prejudices, [406].
SeeInternational.
Preissac, alignment at, [368].
Pre-Roman theory, [373].
Progressive theory, [406].
Prussia, dolmens rare in, [301].
Prussian Saxony, seeSaxony.
Priam's house of brass, [35].
Prinsep, Mr., his translation of an edict of Asoka, [498].
Priority of dates, seeDates.
Ptolemy, mentioned in edict of Indian Prince, [498].
Pullicondah, cairn or dolmen, [491].
Puri, temple of Juggernaut at, [460].
Pyramids, inference as to climate from pictures in, [17];
date of that at Gizeh, [31];
antecedent structures supposed, ib.;
contain tombs true and false, [46];
probable date of, [408].
Pytheas, visit of, to Cimbrian Chersonese, [38].
QUEEN Charlotte's Sound, whether natives a race of mound-builders, [517].
RACE, inference as to, from use of circles, [163];
of dolmens, ib.;
of circles and dolmens, ib.;
divisions of, in Britain by Tacitus, [162];
inference from simultaneous monuments of three kinds in Ireland as to
races, [238];
relations of Picts with Irish and Gaels, shown by comparison of
monuments, [267], [271];
circle-building and dolmen-building races, [274];
whence each came, and course which each took, ib.;
dolmens, historic, [302];
distribution of, ib.;
prehistoric theory leaves subject of races obscure, ib.;
dolmen-building race not so ready converts to Christianity as the
Celts, [328];
inference from church architecture in South of France, [332];
and Protestant feeling in South of France, ib.;
non-progressive, ib.;
Cimbri, Celts, and Gauls, [333];
Cimbri and Aquitani related, ib.;
race traced by dolmens from Brittany to Narbonne, [334];
Iberians, Celtiberians, Turanians, [379];
disturbed by Carthaginians, [379];
Romans, [380];
Moors, their easy conquest of Spain, how accounted for, [381];
Spanish settlers in Ireland and Britain, ib.;
Tara, [382];
Lia Fail, ib.;
Heremon, [381-3];
ethnography of North Africa, [406], et seq.;
different theories as to, ib.;
connexion between races on the northern and southern sides of
Mediterranean, [408];
chief race in India, [458];
Bhil, Cole, Gond, and Toda, non-progressive, [459];
Hindus not immutable, ib.;
inference from style of architecture, [495];
peopling of America, [516];
by what way, [516];
Mound-builders, Redmen, Hydahs, [517];
Aztecs and Toltecs, [515];
Pastoral or Agricultural races, ditto Hunters in North America, ib.
Race-course, notion that alignments at Stonehenge were, [111].
Raguhilda, wife of Eric, [250].
Rail, Sanchi, [492].
Rajagriha, convocation at, [501].
Rajpootana, pertinacity of Bhil usages, [459].
Rajunkoloor, [468] et seq.
Ramayana, the date of, [455].
Ramé, M., describes alignment at Gré de Cojou, [377].
Rath at Dowth, residence of the Dagdha, [195].
Rath of Leoghaire, [195];
singular direction by him as to his burial, ib.
Rath of Queen Meave, [193].
Rath na Riogh, [194];
resembles Avebury, ib.
Rathcrogan, supposed burial-place of Queen Meave, [183].
Rayne, old circle at, [263].
Rectangular dolmens, [313].
SeeDolmens.
Redmen of North America, [517];
not mound-builders, ib.
Redstone pillar, [200].
Relic worship in the East, [503].
Relig na Riogh, Dathi's burial-place, [200].
Rhind, Mr., his bequest for Professorship
of Archæology in Scotland, [239];
paper on ortholithic remains in Africa, [395-7].
Ribroit, Arthur's tenth battle there, [137].
Rickman, his perception of progress and sequence in monuments, [113];
value of his process in fixing dates, [114].
Ring Sigurd, [280];
saga as to, [282].
Ringham Low, group, [139].
SeeDerbyshire.
Rocking stones, [347].
Rodmarton, chambered tumulus, [166];
post-Roman, [289];
holes in entrance, resembles Kerlescant, [357].
Roeskilde, dolmen in square, [307].
Rolley Lowe, [12].
Rollo in England, [126].
Rollright, circle at, [124];
obeliscal stone, ib.;
dolmen, ib.;
examined by R. Sheldon, [125];
unimportance of monuments there, ib.;
whether sepulchral, ib.;
assigned by Camden to Rollo, [126].
Roman coins, find of, in Ireland, [166].
SeeCoins, Finds.
Roman pottery found at Stonehenge, [105];
inference from, [106].
SeeFinds.
Roman road at Silbury Hill, [81];
argument from its state, [82];
and of that at Hakpen Hill, [83].
Romans, Stonehenge assigned to, by Inigo Jones, [3];
in England, [96];
effect of Roman art upon British civilization, ib.;
and architecture, [394];
in Africa, [414];
pressure of, upon Etruria, [393].
Ronalds, Mr., his engraving of Carnac, [350].
Rooke, Mr., his account of Stanton Moor, [146];
snaffle-bit found by, [156].
Rose Hill tumulus, [155].
SeeCircles, Small, [155].
Ros-na-righ, who buried there, [212].
Ross County, North America, sacred enclosures in, [511].
Rothiemay circle, [263].
Round tower, seeTower.
Roy's, General, 'Military Antiquities of Romans' cited as to circle at
Wood Castle, [129].
Rude-Stone monuments erected even where letter inscriptions and carving
practised, [273];
none in the valleys of Scheldt and Rhine, [323];
sometimes comparatively modern, [406];
result sometimes of fashion, [408];
Aryans and pure Dravidians or Tamulians not builders of, in India,
[447-8].
Rudeness of monument, what it proves, [100].
Rügen, island of, dolmens in, [301].
Runes on menhirs, [29];
Maes-Howe, [246-8], [251];
Isle of Man, [273].
SABÆAN worship of planets, [432].
"Sabrinum ostium," meaning of words, [87];
Arthur's last battle fought near, ib.
Sacrifices, seeHuman.
Sagas, [254];
as to Harald Hildetand, [280].
Sakya Muni, date of, [455];
influences Buddhism, [506];
is not Woden, [496].
Salkeld, Arthur's seventh battle, [137].
SeeCumrew.
Sanchi rail, [492];
gate, [94];
no images of priests, [501];
relics of saints, [504];
dagobas and stupas, [41].
Sandulf the Swarthy, [272].
Santa Barbara, Nurhags at, [428] et seq.
SeeMediterranean Islands.
Santander dolmens, [378].
Sardis, tombs at, [32];
age of, [32].
Sariputra, see Mogalana.
Sarsen stones, at Ashdown, [122];
what they represent, ib.;
at Avebury, [73], [86];
whence they came, [95];
at Stonehenge, [94].
Saturnia, dolmen at, [391-2].
Sauclières dolmen, [335].
Saumur, grotte des feés near, [341].
Säve, Karl, letter from, respecting diggings at Oden's Howe, [526-7].
Savernake Forest, [87].
Saxo-Grammaticus as to Gorm's son, [296].
Saxons, defeat of, by Vortimer, [106];
battle with Vortigern, [119].
Saxons, march of, in the West, [88];
encounter Arthur, [88-9], [132];
their defeat near Penrith, [132];
traded with and settled in Britain before Cæsar's time, [133-4];
grave mounds in England, [36];
articles supposed Saxon at Stand Lowe, [13].
Saxons, Prussian, [301].
Saxony, dolmens in, [301].
Scandinavia and North Germany, [275];
Danes, their megalithic remains little known, ib.;
false route of their antiquaries, [276];
except Sjöborg, [277];
their early historians little reliable, ib.;
Scandinavian history prior to Christ, ib.;
Odin, fable as to, ib.;
Frode I., date of, [278];
and of Harald Harfagar, ib.;
list of kings, ib.;
battle-fields, ib.;
Kongsbacka, [279];
its analogy to Dartmoor, Ashdown, and Karnac alignments, ib.;
view of, ib.;
grave of Frode, but which Frode? ib.;
battle-field of Swedes and Danes, ib.;
Braavalla Heath, [280];
resemblance to Moytura, ib.;
circles, ib.;
doubt as to date of, ib.;
square and triangular graves, [282];
King Harald Hildetand, saga of, and Sigurd Ring, [283];
tomb of former, [282];
find of flints, [283];
erroneous inference, ib.;
form of grave, ib.;
Hwitaby circles and Bauta stones at, [290];
battle-fields, whose, ib.;
Lothbrok, [291];
Stiklastad, and circles there, ib.;
circles and ovals, mounds and square enclosures, ib.;
victory of Blenda, ib.;
Freyrsö cairns, mounds, and ship barrows, ib.;
tumuli, to what race due, aboriginal or invading, [293];
Scandinavians, of what race, ib.;
Worsaae's argument, ib.;
triple group at Upsala, [294];
find, ib.;
mound of Wodin, ib.;
Jellinge, tombs of Gorm and Thyra, [296];
importance of, [297];
diggings in the latter, [296];
find, [297];
date, ib.;
compared to Maes-Howe, [299];
comparative dates of Danish, Irish, and Stennis monuments, ib.;
series of Royal Danish tombs, ib.;
might furnish dates of styles, [300].
SeeScotland, Caithness.
Scandinavian antiquaries commended, [15].
Scandinavians in Ireland, [187];
different tribes of, [187];
Vikings, ib.;
in Scotland, Orkneys, [244];
pilgrims, Christian, and pirates, ib.;
conoid graves, [243];
ship graves, [315];
equilateral triangles, ib.;
meaning of the latter form, [315-6];
singular arrangement of circles at Aschenrade, [317];
resembles Algerian example, [318];
finds, ib.;
no Druids amongst, [6];
ignorant of iron, [37].
Schleswig dolmens, [301].
Scone stone, [439].
Scotland, menhirs in, [57];
megalithic remains in, [239];
Wilson's 'Prehistoric Annals' of, ib.;
scanty means of studying monuments in, ib.;
cat or battle-stones, dolmens, circles, [240];
distribution of, ib.;
Orkneys, [241];
circles, tumuli, ib.;
Stennis, ib.;
dolmens, [241], [355];
monoliths, [242];
holed monument, [242], [255];
bowl-shaped barrows, [243];
find, ib.;
conoid barrows, ib.;
find there, ib.;
Maes-Howe, ib.;
spoliation of, ib.;
runes, ib.;
dragon and Wurm knot, [245];
inscription at Maes-Howe, [246];
chamber there, [247];
and loculi, [248];
resemblance to Boyne monuments, ib.;
red sandstone material, ib.;
conquest of Island by Harold Harfagar, ib.;
Pape and Peti, who these races were, ib.;
what is Maes-Howe, [248-9];
and what the barrows, ib.;
Haugagerdium, perhaps How of Hoogsay, who buried there, ib.;
Halfdan's Barrow, [250];
similarity to Danish royal tumuli, ib.;
account of conquest of Orkneys by the Norwegians, ib.;
Stennis, scene of what battle, [250-1];
runic inscriptions, [251];
scantiness of, accounted for, [252];
an inscription confirmed by a find, ib.;
Maes-Howe, whether it has connexion with circles, [253-4];
dates of early invasions of Northmen, [255];
Brogar, [254];
less ancient than Stennis, [255];
conversion of Northmen to Christianity, ib.;
date of group of monuments at Stennis, [256];
analogy of to Stanton Drew, ib.;
author's reasons justifying date assigned to group at Stennis, [257-8];
Callernish circles, ib.;
cruciform grave, [259];
avenue, [260];
Tormore,
Isle of Arran, cist circles, [261-2];
Brodick Bay circle, and obelisk, [262];
Mull of Cantyre, ib.;
Aberdeenshire circles, [263];
Fiddes Hill, [264];
circle at Rayne and find, [263];
post Christian date of, [264];
moat and entrances, [265];
uses merely sepulchral, ib.;
Clava mounds and circular chambers, [266];
find, ib.;
their use, [267];
stone at Coilsfield, ib.;
stone at Aberlemmo, [268-9];
its purpose, [270];
Caithness alignments differ from British and French, [529];
horned cairn, [530];
circles inferred by Sir H. Dryden not always to be sepulchral, [532];
date, [528];
similarity to Viking graves, [528].
Scott, Sir Walter, his description of holed monolith in Orkney, [242].
Scrolls and spirals in Irish sculpture, [222].
Sculpture, [29];
difficulty of reasoning from gradation of style as to Irish or
Scottish, [59];
chiselled, engraved, pricked, [217];
what tools employed, ib.;
at Mané Lud, imitations of boats, hatchets, writing, [361];
at Dol ar Marchant, hatchet, plume, [362].
Secondary, seeInterment.
Semitic race, their feeling to monasticism, [500].
Senbya dagoba, [496-7].
Sentinel stones, [310].
Sepultura Grande dolmen, [386].
Sepulture, seeCairns, Circles, Cists, Dolmens, Mounds, Tombs,
Tumuli.
Seringham, monoliths of, [96];
monstrous size of, ib.;
work there, how interrupted, ib.
Serpent temples, false theory as to, [4], [21], [64];
gigantic serpent-forms in earth in America, [515];
serpent knot, seeWurm.
Sesto Calende, rude-stone monuments at, [391].
Setif, dolmen near, [396].
Shahpoor stone monuments, [485].
Shap avenue, counterpart of Kennet, [147].
SeePenrith.
Ship graves, [316].
Ships sculptured in dolmens, [303].
Siam, [456];
dagobas and stupas in, [41].
Siberian Steppes, America peopled from, [516].
Side-stone, Aspatria cist, [157].
Siganfu tables, [488] note.
Sigurd, converted by Olaus, [250].
Silbury Hill, Roman writers silent as to monuments, [20];
their purpose and age, [65], [84];
description of, [78];
dimensions, [79];
researches there, ib.;
negative results, ib.;
accounted for, ib.;
find in, [81];
mound, who raised, [86];
near Wansdyke, [88];
Arthur's last battle, [89];
mound, why created, ib.;
analogue of Gib Hill, [147].
Silesia, dolmens in, [301].
Silius Italicus cited, [407].
Silures in Britain, [162-3];
in Wales and Anglesea, [163];
Cornwall, ib.;
join with Brigantes, [381].
Simpson, Sir J., cited as to Vetta, [271];
as to pit-markings, [425].
Sinai, monuments at, [443-4].
Sing, Jey, observatory, [7].
Sivite temple, ruined, at Iwullee, [484].
Sjöborg, [276];
his merits, [276-9];
treats dolmens all as prehistoric, [306].
Skail Bay, [252].
Skiuli, death of, [528].
Skene, seeStuart, Glennie.
Slieve na Calliagh, [213] (seeHengist and Horsa);
when first remarked, [213];
illustrations of, [214] et seq.;
style of sculpture, [215];
find at, [215-6];
mysterious great stone saucer, [216];
find, [217-8];
absence of circles, alignments, and rude-stone monuments, [219].
Sligo trilithon, [108];
cairn of Ballysadare, King Eochy's tomb, [179].
Smidstrup, buried dolmen at, [311].
Smith, Colonel Baird, his excavation at Kutub pillar, [481].
Smith, Dr., his astronomical theory, [7].
'Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge' cited, [510] et seq.
Smyrna, date of tombs at, [32].
Smyth, Piazzi, his theories, [31], [91].
Snake theory, seeStukeley, Dr.
Snio, king, where slain, [279].
Spain, writers on its rude-stone monuments, [377];
dolmens there, ib.;
dolmen race, [378];
its navigation, in which direction, [378] et seq.;
prehistoric race in Spain, [379];
its characteristics, ib.;
and non-use of stone in prehistoric times, ib.;
Iberians, Celtiberians, Turanians, ib.;
Carthaginians, Romans, [381];
Moors' easy conquest proves earlier settlements in Spain, ib.;
Spanish race of Heremon in Ireland, ib.;
Spaniards, Siloros, migrate to Britain, ib.;
part occupied by them in Ireland, [382];
date of Heremon, [383];
light thrown by rude-stone monuments on connexion of Spain and
Ireland, ib.;
Roman architecture, its influence upon rude-stone monuments, [394].
Spaniards in Ireland, [227].
Spring Farm, [117].
Square enclosures in North America, [511-12].
Squares in Algeria, [399];
four cairns enclosed in squares, [402].
Squier and Davis, Messrs., their survey of America, [510] et seq.
St. Augustine's monastery, [23].
St. Barbe, [354];
head of column at, [355].
St. Columba, [227];
converts Picts, [248];
visits King Brude, [267];
language of Picts unknown to, [271].
St. Front, Périgueux, church, [330].
St. Germain-sur-Vienne, [336].
SeeConfolens.
St. Helier, cells at, [52].
St. Jerome cited as to barbarism of Irish, [235].
St. Malo, Maximus and British landed there, [374].
St. Pancras, heathen fane consecrated to, [22].
St. Patern, a Breton, his death, [373].
St. Patrick fails to convert Leoghaire, [195];
legend of him and demons, [227].
St. Servan, battle near, [374].
St. Vigean's stone, [273].
Stand Low find, [13].
Stanton Drew circles, [64];
not observatories, [7];
circles at, [148];
similar to those in Derbyshire and Cumberland in purpose and date,
ib.;
plan of, [149];
oval, ib.;
avenues, [150];
Kingstone, ib.;
Stukeley's interpolation of serpentine avenues, ib.;
ruins of dolmens, [151];
tradition as to Keyna, ib.;
date of, [151-2];
belongs to Arthurian age, [152];
scene of Arthur's 9th battle, ib.;
meaning of "Stanton," ib.;
Maes Knoll, [153];
meaning of word Maes, ib.;
similarity to Stennis, [256-7].
Stanton Moor circle, [48], [49].
Stanley, Hon. W. C., circles enumerated by, [162];
cist found by, at Plas Newydd, [166].
Stawell, Lord, excavation directed by, at Avebury, [74-5].
Stennis, [241];
dolmen, ib.;
great circle like English ones, [161];
like Stanton Drew, [257];
date, ib.;
countless barrows, ib.;
magnificent effect of group, ib.;
circles and barrows belong to different and what races, ib.;
dates thereof, ib.
Steppes, importance of exploring with reference to Turanian origin of
dolmens, [447] et seq.;
tumuli, [448-9];
images of dead on tombs, [449];
usages as to interments and sepulchres, ib.;
four-cornered grave, ib.;
tumulus at Alexandropol, [450];
find, [451];
uncovered base of tumulus, ib.;
genesis of circles, ib.;
Tartar and European tombs cognate, but not of same origin as Western
dolmen or circles, or menhirs, [452];
Haxthausen's example an exception, ib.;
examples in the Steppes carved, ib.
Stiklastad in Norway, battle at, [291].
"Stone of Destiny," where now, [382].
Stone tables, [425].
Stone temples, no classical writer connects Druids with, [20].
Stonehenge, theories respecting, [3], [4];
not an observatory, [7];
not alluded to by Diodorus, [8];
ill-judged proceedings as to, [15];
age of, [17];
not mentioned by Roman writers, [20];
plans, [89], [90], [91], [92], [93];
circles, [100-3];
Sarsen or bluestones, [92-7];
trilithons, [95], [98], [100];
means of transport, [95-6];
who erected, [97];
intermediate circle, ib.;
mere stones more numerous, [98];
was Stonehenge a temple, [99];
why hewn stones there, ib.;
erected leisurely, ib.;
trilithons called gates by Olaus, [101];
question as to priority in time of the barrows or stone monuments,
ib.;
connexion between circles and British villages, [102];
diggings there, [104];
map of country around, [102];
its builders not Christians, [104];
whether sepulchral, [112], [116];
why erected and by whom, [106], [116].
SeeAlignments, Avenues, Barrows, Bluestones, Finds, Sarsens.
Stones, worship of, forbidden, [24-6].
Stoney Littleton, chambered tumulus, [166];
grave intended to be covered, [164];
post-Roman, [289].
Strabo, account of Druids by, [5];
of temple by, [21];
barbarism of early Irish, [235].
Stuart, Glennie, and Kendal, W., assign Scottish birthplace and
campaign to Arthur, [134].
Stuart, J., cited, [52], [239];
as to diggings at Rayne, [264-5].
Stukeley, Dr., wild theory of, [3], [4], [15], [21], [64];
adopted by Sir R. C. Hoare, [5];
misunderstands text of Diodorus, [8];
drawings by, [44];
his visit to Shap, [129];
compared in one respect to Boece, [135];
his serpent interpolation at Stanton Drew, [150];
his snake bit, [151].
Stupas in India, [41].
Suetonius, Druids met by, [5].
Sûf, dolmens near, [442].
Suhm, cited as to date of Lothbrok victories, [290].
Summit interments, [166].
SeeInterments.
Sun worship forbidden, [25].
Sutherland, Duchess of, her etchings of ruins in Orkneys, [241].
Swansea, Arthur's Quoit at, [170].
Sweden, South, megalithic remains in, [15];
circles, [47];
dolmens in, [301].
Swen Grate, King, [291].
Sylhet, Mohammedan kingdom, [466].
Symbol stage, none in Ireland, [59].
Syria, trilithons in, [100].
TABLE-STONES, [435-6].
Tabriz circle, [453].
Tacitus cited as to three races in Britain, [162].
Tailten, Talton, or Telltown, burial of Irish kings there, [199];
of Lough Crew, [219] et seq.;
fair in honour of Magh Mor, King of Spain, [186].
Táin Bó Chuailgne, [196].
Talyots, or talayots, [434] et seq.;
in Balearic isles, [410], [415].
Tamulians not builders of rude-stone monuments in India, [477].
Tantalais tumulus, [32].
Tara, Hill of, remains at, [193];
early celebrity of, ib.;
capital of Firbolgs and Dananns, [190], whence the name, [382].
Tartar tombs, [451].
Taylor, Col. Meadows, cited as to Indian dolmens, [469];
and Shahpoor monuments, [485].
Teamair, wife of Heremon, [382].
Tee in Tope, [46];
in rock at Ajunta, [47], [491];
as connecting links between Eastern and Western dolmens, [489-90].
Temples, what structures not, [512];
megalithic remains not, [20] et seq.
Seemounds.
Teocallis, Mexican, what, [514].
"Things," meaning of word, [26].
Thomas, Lieut., his account of monuments in the Orkneys, [241], [248].
Thorfin, [250];
sons of, [528];
where buried, [249];
battle between them and Liotr, [528].
Three Ages, Danish doctrine of, [9];
illusive application of, [10].
Thunder-stone at Shap, [129], [130].
Thurnam, his work on British Skulls, [35], [36], [72];
his inference from finds, [165], [286];
as to West Kennet, [287].
Thyra, monument of Queen, [27], [250];
finds, [297].
Tia Huanaco, ruins at, not like those attributed to Druids, [518];
what they were, [519].
Tigernach, his date of Queen Meave's death, [184];
of Crimthann's, [190].
Tika received by Rajahs from Bhils, [459].
Tin, route of ancient British commerce in, [334].
Toda tribe in India, [459].
SeeBhil.
Toltecs, buildings of, [515].
Tollington, supposed avenue at, [117-9];
obelisks at, [117].
Tombs--of Alyattes, [3];
Atridæ, [32], [33];
Cocumella, [33];
Cœre, [33];
Regulini Galeassi, [34];
of great men marked by megalithic monuments, [15];
of Isidorus, [100];
Tartar, [451];
Nilgiri hills, [473].
Toope, Dr., his letter to Aubrey respecting Hakpen Hill, [76], [77].
Tooth-relic, worship of, [504].
Topes in India found blind, [80].
SeeDagoba.
Tormore, [261].
Towers, round, at Brechin and Abernethy, [271].
Town of the Stone of the Strangers, [229].
Tras os Montes dolmens, [378].
Tree-worship forbidden, [24], [25].
Trepucò talyot, [435].
Triads, Welsh authority for interments at Stonehenge, [110];
as to stone of Cetti, [173];
value of, as authority, ib.
Triangular monuments, [315];
perhaps cuneatus ordo of Olaus Magnus, ib.
Trie, holed dolmens, [343].
Trilithons at Stonehenge, [99];
connexion with dolmens, [100];
in Sligo, [108];
at Ksaea at Elkeb, [412];
Hauran, [445].
Tripoli, trilithons at Ksaea, [411];
Elkel with holes, [411-2];
compared to Hindu Yoni, [412];
Buddhist monument at Bangkok, [43].
Tuatha de Dananns, seeDananns.
Tuathal, authentic history begins with, [196];
"the accepted," [197].
Tumiac tumulus and find, [366].
Tumuli, [29];
different kinds of, ib.(seeBarrows, Pyramids, Tombs);
history of inhumation, [30];
Troy, [32];
Roman, [84];
truncated cones, ib.;
spoliation of their own ancestors' tombs by Northmen, [300];
Kemp How at Shap, [130];
find at, ib.;
chambered tumuli, [166], [168];
Freyrsö, [291];
certain Danish, identical with some in Auvergne, [323];
tumuli by thousands in the east of France, [327];
finds, ib.;
numerous in Etruria, [392];
peculiarity of tumuli in North Africa, [399];
plan and elevation of two sepulchral monuments, ib.;
not battle-field, [400];
quadruple circles, ib.;
tumuli chambered in Lydia and Kertch, [446];
kouloba on hill of cinders, ib.;
find there, [446-7];
tumuli in the Steppes, [448];
at Alexandropol, [450];
finds there, ib.;
uncovered base of, at Nikolajew, [451];
Tartar tumuli perhaps models of Western, [452].
Turanian origin of dolmens, theory of, how to be proved or
disproved, [448];
Turanian race in Europe, [507].
Twining's strange map theory, [76].
Tyrebagger, circle at, [263].
Tynwald Mount, [71].
Tyrrheni, seePelasgi.
U, buried dolmen at, [310];
chamber, [311].
Udyagiri Hills, Buddhist caves in, [460].
Uekermark, dolmen at, [301].
Uelzen, dolmen with enclosures near, [308].
Uffington Castle, monuments near, [121];
why constructed, [123].
Uley, [163];
chambered grave, [163], [166];
post-Roman, [289].
Ultonians, tombs of, [219], [220].
Upland, Danish prince killed at, [291].
Urn found in cairn of One Man, [179].
VAISALI, convocation at, [501].
Valdbygaards, two dolmens in enclosure, [308].
Vallancy, wild speculations of, [175], [207].
Vancouver's Island, natives of, whether mound-builders, [517].
Vannes, Museum of, [326].
Vedas, date of, [455].
Veneti, Cæsar's naval battle with, [20], [37];
hence what inference of age of monuments, [372];
iron nails used by, [37].
Verneilh, Felix de, his 'Byzantine Architecture in France,' [332].
Vestal Virgins, no just analogy of Nuns, to, [499].
Vetta, his name on Cat stone, [57];
supposed grandfather of Hengist and Horsa, [271].
Via Badonica, under Silbury Hill, [20].
Vicars, Mr., surveys Carnac, [350].
Vicramaditya, his capital, [459].
Viharas, early date and growth of, in India, [501].
Vikings, [303-4];
grave, [315], [317].
Vinland, America peopled through, [516].
Viraculls, what, [483].
Vitoria, dolmens in, [378].
Voguë's, De, plates of Roman tombs in the Hauran, [445].
Vortigern, victory of, at Aylesfor, [119].
Vulci, tomb at, [33].
WADEN HILL, where and what it is, site of what battle, [88-9].
Wales, Druids in, when [6];
dolmen-building race, [274].
Walhouse, Mr., cited, [479].
Walker, Mr., his find at Knock na Rea, [185].
Wansdyke, barrier against Welsh, [87], [88], [89].
Ware, statement of, as to Giant stones in Kildare, [108];
circles in, [162].
Waterloo, mound at, [56].
Wayland Smith's Cave in Berkshire, used by Scott in 'Kenilworth,' [122];
what it was, [123-4];
great circle there, [161].
Webb's reply to Dr. Charleton respecting Stonehenge, [3].
Welsh Gate, what and where it was, [87-89].
Welsh Triads, seeTriads.
West Kennet, [4];
its similarity to barrow in Denmark, [283] et seq.
SeeBarrow.
Western Islands, no Druids in, [6].
White Horse, near Uffington, described by Mr. T. Hughes, [121].
Wilde, Sir W., his residence at Moytura, [176];
his work, [177], [202] et seq.
Wildesheim, dolmen at, [301].
Wilkinson, Sir Gardner, observations on Long Meg, [127];
on Arbor Low, [139], and Gib Hill, [141];
his corrections to Croker's survey of Stanton Drew, [150];
dolmen at Gower opened by, [171].
Wilson, Captain, his survey of Clava, [265].
Wilson, Daniel, dolmen mentioned by, in Argyllshire, [273].
Wilson's 'Prehistoric Annals,' [239];
his remarks upon Daw's theory as to origin, [253].
Wiltshire, Sir R. C. Hoare's work on, [5].
Wisconsin and Ohio, how first peopled, [516].
Woden myth, its allusion to Indian
origin, [496];
Woden not Sakya Muni, [496].
Woking, principle of selection of, as cemetery, [131];
not applied by ancients, [131].
Wood worship forbidden, [25];
early employment of, in Indian architecture, [492].
Wood Castle, circle at, [129] note;
Arthur's battle there, [135].
Wormius Olaus, correspondence with Dr. Charleton respecting
Stonehenge, [3];
mentions dolmens with square enclosures, [307].
Worsaae cited as to Scandinavian monuments, [297] et seq.
Wright, Mr., account of monuments at Aylesford, [118].
SeeAylesford.
Written history, errors of, [113];
deficiency of, supplied by monuments, [113];
and by architectural study, [113];
uncertain accounts of King Arthur, [114].
Wurm Knot in Maes-Howe, [245].
YARHOUSE, battle at, [529].
Yarrow, inscription in stone at, [272].
Yucatan, [516];
carved stone monuments, [517].
Yule, Col., his 'Cathay,' [488] note.
ZANA, Queen, [404].
Zealand, seeBilk Valdbygaards.

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