Index.

Abdication of kings in favour of their infant children, [19], [20]

Abduction of souls by demons, [58] sqq.

Abipones, the, [328], [350];

changes in their language, [360]

Abnormal mental states accounted inspiration, [248]

Abortion, superstition as to woman who has procured, [153]

Absence and recall of the soul, [30] sqq.

Achilles, [261]

Acts, tabooed, [101] sqq.

Adivi or forest Gollas, the, [149]

Aetolians, the, [311]

Africa, fetish kings in West, [22] sqq.;

names of animals and things tabooed in, [400] sq.

Agutainos, the, [144]

Air, prohibition to be uncovered in the open, [3], [14]

Akamba, the, [204]

Akikuyu, the, [175], [204], [286];

auricular confession among the, [214]

Albanians of the Caucasus, [349]

Alberti, L., [220]

Alcmena and Hercules, [298] sq.

Alfoors of Celebes, [33];

of Minahassa, [63] sq.

Amboyna, [87], [105]

Amenophis III., his birth represented on the monuments, [28]

American Indians, their fear of naming the dead, [351] sqq.

Ammon, Hanun, King of, [273]

Amoy, [59]

Amulets, knots used as, [306] sqq.;

rings as, [314] sqq.

Ancestors, names of, bestowed on their reincarnations, [368] sq.;

reborn in their descendants, [368] sq.

Ancestral spirits, cause sickness, [53];

sacrifices to, [104]

Andaman Islanders, [183] n.

Andania, mysteries of, [227] n.

Angakok, Esquimaux wizard or sorcerer, [211], [212]

Angoni, the, [174]

Animals injured through their shadows, [81] sq.;

propitiation of spirits of slain, [190], [204] sq.;

atonement for slain, [207];

dangerous, not called by their proper names, [396] sqq.;

thought to understand human speech, [398] sq., [400]

Animism passing into religion, [213]

Anklets as amulets, [315]

Annamites, the, [235]

Anointment of priests at installation, [14]

Antambahoaka, the, [216]

Ants, bites of, used in purificatory ceremony, [105]

Apaches, the, [182], [184], [325], [328]

Apollo, purification of, [223] n.1

Apuleius, [270]

Arab mode of cursing an enemy, [312]

Arabs of Moab, [273], [280]

Araucanians, the, [97], [324]

Ares, men sacred to, [111]

Arikaras, the, [161]

Aristeas of Proconnesus, [34]

Army under arms, prohibition to see, [13]

Arrows to keep off death, [31]

Aru Islands, [37], [276]

Arunta, their belief as to the ghosts of the slain, [177] sq.;

ceremonies at the end of mourning among the, [373] sq.

Arval Brothers, [226]

Aryans, the primitive, their theory of personal names, [319]

Ashes strewn on the head, [112]

Ash-tree, parings of nails buried under an, [276]

Assam, taboos observed by headmen in, [11];

hill tribes of, [323]

Astarte at Hierapolis, [286]

Aston, W. G., [2] n.2

Astrolabe Bay, [289]

Athens, kings at, [21] sq.;

ritual of cursing at, [75]

Atonement for slain animals, [207]

Attiuoindarons, the, [366]

Atua, ancestral spirit, [134], [265]

Augur's staff at Rome, [313]

Auricular confession, [214]

Aurohuaca Indians, [215]

Australian aborigines;

their conception of the soul, [27];

personal names kept secret among the, [320] sqq.;

their fear of naming the dead, [349] sqq.

Aversion of spirits and fairies to iron, [229], [232] sq.

Avoidance of common words to deceive spirits or other beings, [416] sqq.

Aymara Indians, the, [97]

Aztecs, the, [249];

their priests, [259]

Babylonian witches and wizards, [302]

Bad Country, the, [109]

Badham, Dr., [156] n.

Baduwis, the, of Java, [115] sq., [232]

Bag, souls collected in a, [63] sq.

Baganda, the, [78], [87]

—— fishermen, taboos observed by, [194] sq. See also [Uganda]

Bagba, a fetish, [5]

Bageshu, the, [174]

Bagobos, the, [31], [315], [323]

Bahima, the, [183] n.;

names of their dead kings not mentioned, [375]

Bahnars of Cochin-China, [52], [58]

Baking, continence observed at, [201]

Balder, Norse god, [305] n.1

Ba-Lua, the, [330]

Banana-trees, fruit-bearing, hair deposited under, [286]

Bandages to prevent the escape of the soul, [32], [71]

Bangala, the, [195] sq., [330]

Bangkok, [90]

Baoules, the, [70]

Ba-Pedi, the, [141], [153], [163], [202]

Baron, R., [380]

Baronga, the, [272]

Basagala, the, [361]

Basket, souls gathered into a, [72]

Bastian, A., [252], [253]

Basutos, burial custom of the, [107];

purification of warriors among the, [172]

Bathing (washing) as a ceremonial purification, [141], [142], [150], [153], [168], [169], [172], [173], [175], [179], [183], [192], [198], [219], [220], [222], [285], [286]

Ba-Thonga, the, [141], [154], [163], [202]

Battas or Bataks of Sumatra, [34], [45], [46], [65], [116], [296]

Bavili, the, [78]

Bawenda, the, [243]

Bayazid, the Sultan, and his soul, [50]

Beans, prohibition to touch or name, [13] sq.

Bear, the polar, taboos concerning, [209];

customs observed by Lapps after killing a, [221]

Bears not to be called by their proper names, [397] sq., [399], [402]

Bechuanas, purification of manslayers among the, [172] sq., [174]

Bed, feet of, smeared with mud, [14];

prohibition to sleep in a, [194]

Beef and milk not to be eaten at the same meal, [292]

Beer, continence observed at brewing, [200]

Bells as talismans, [235]

Benin, kings of, [123], [243]

Bentley, R., [33] n.3

Besisis, the, [87]

Beveridge, P., [363] sq.

Bird, soul conceived as a, [33] sqq.

Birds, ghosts of slain as, [177] sq.;

cause headache through clipped hair, [270] sq., [282]

Birth from a golden image, pretence of, [113];

premature, [213]. See [Miscarriage]

Bismarck Archipelago, [128]

Bites of ants used as purificatory ceremony, [105]

Blackening faces of warriors, [163];

of manslayers, [169], [178], [181]

Blackfoot Indians, [159] n.

Black Mountain of southern France, [42]

—— ox or black ram in magic, [154]

Bladders, annual festival of, among the Esquimaux, [206] sq., [228]

“Blessers” or sacred kings, [125] n.

Blood put on doorposts, [15];

of slain, supposed effect of it on the slayer, [169];

smeared on person as a purification, [104], [115], [219];

drawn from bodies of manslayers, [176], [180];

tabooed, [239] sqq.;

not eaten, [240] sq.;

soul in the, [240], [241], [247], [250];

of game poured out, [241];

royal, not to be shed on the ground, [241] sqq.;

unwillingness to shed, [243], [246] sq.;

received on bodies of kinsfolk, [244] sq.;

drops of, effaced, [245] sq.;

horror of, [245];

of chief sacred, [248];

of women, dread of, [250] sq.

—— of childbirth, supposed dangerous infection of, [152] sqq.;

received on heads of friends or slaves, [245]

—— -lickers, [246]

Blowing upon knots, as a charm, [302], [304]

Boa-constrictor, purification of man who has killed a, [221] sq.

Boars, wild, not to be called by their proper names, [411], [415]

Boas, Dr. Franz, [210] sqq., [214]

Bodia or Bodio, a West African pontiff or fetish king, [14] sq., [23]

Bodies, souls transferred to other, [49]

Bodos, the, of Assam, [285]

Boiled flesh tabooed, [185]

Bolang Mongondo, a district in Celebes, [53], [279], [341]

Bonds, no man in bonds allowed in priest's house, [14]

Bones of human bodies which have been eaten, special treatment of, [189] sq.;

of the dead, their treatment after the decay of the flesh, [372] n.5;

of dead disinterred and scraped, [373] n.

Boobies, the, [8] sq.

Born again, pretence of being, [113]

Bornu, Sultan of, [120]

Bororos, the, [34], [36]

Bourke, Captain J. G., [184]

Box, strayed soul caught in, [45], [70], [76]

Bracelets as amulets, [315]

Brahman student, his cut hair and nails, [277]

Brahmans, their common and secret names, [322]

Branches used in exorcism, [109]

Breath of chief sacred, [136], [256]

Breathing on a person as a mode of purification, [149]

Brewing, continence observed at, [200], [201] sq.

Bribri Indians, their ideas as to the uncleanness of women, [147], [149]

Bride and bridegrooms, all knots on their garments unloosed, [299] sq.

Bronze employed in expiatory rites, [226] n.6;

priests to be shaved with, [226]

—— knife to cut priest's hair, [14]

Brother and sister not allowed to mention each other's names, [344]

Brothers-in-law, their names not to be pronounced, [338], [342], [343], [344], [345]

Buddha, Footprint of, [275]

Building shadows into foundations, [89] sq.

Bukuru, unclean, [147]

Bulgarian building custom, [89]

Burghead, [230]

Burial under a running stream, [15]

—— customs to prevent the escape of the soul, [51], [52]

Burials, customs as to shadows at, [80] sq.

Burma, kings of, [375]

Burmese conception of the soul as a butterfly, [51] sq.

Burning cut hair and nails to prevent them being used in sorcery, [281] sqq.

Buryat shaman, his mode of recovering lost souls, [56] sq.

Butterfly, the soul as a, [29] n.1, [51] sq.

Cacongo, King of, [115], [118]

Caffre customs at circumcision, [156] sq.

Caffres, “women's speech” among the, [335] sq.

Calabar, fetish king at, [22] sq.

Calabashes, souls shut up in, [72]

Calchaquis Indians, [31]

Californian Indians, [352]

Cambodia, kings of, [376]

Camden, W., [68]

Campbell, J., [384]

Camphor, special language employed by searchers for, [405] sqq.

Canelos Indians, [97]

Cannibalism at hair-cutting, [264]

Cannibals, taboos imposed on, among the Kwakiutl, [188] sqq.

Canoe, fish offered to, [195]

Canoes, continence observed at building, [202]

Captives killed and eaten, [179] sq.

Carayahis, the, [348]

Caribou, taboos concerning, [208]

Caribs, difference of language between men and women among the, [348]

Caroline Islands, [25], [193], [290], [293]

Caron's Account of Japan, [4] n.2

Carrier Indians, [215], [367]

Catat, Dr., [98]

Catlin, G., [182]

Cats with stumpy tails, reason of, [128] sq.

Cattle, continence observed for sake of, [204];

protected against wolves by charms, [307]

Caul-fat extracted by Australian enemies, [303]

“Cauld airn,” [233]

Cazembes, the, [132]

Celebes, [32], [33], [35];

hooking souls in, [30]

Celibacy of holy milkmen, [15], [16]

Ceremonial purity observed in war, [157]

Ceremonies at the reception of strangers, [102] sqq.;

at entering a strange land, [109] sqq.;

purificatory, on return from a journey, [111] sqq.;

observed after slaughter of panthers, lions, bears, serpents, etc., [219] sqq.;

at hair-cutting, [264] sqq.

Cetchwayo, King, [377]

Chams, the, [202], [297]

Change of language caused by taboo on the names of the dead, [358] sqq., [375];

caused by taboo on names of chiefs and kings, [375], [376] sqq.

—— of names to deceive ghosts, [354] sqq.

Charms to facilitate childbirth, [295] sq.

Chastity. See [Continence]

Chegilla, taboo, [137]

Cheremiss, the, [391]

Cherokee sorcery with spittle, [287] sq.

Chiefs, foods tabooed to, [291], [292];

names of, tabooed, [376] sq., [378] sq., [381], [382]

—— and kings tabooed, [131] sqq.

—— sacred, not allowed to leave their [pg 430] enclosures, [124];

regarded as dangerous, [138]

Child and father, supposed danger of resemblance between, [88] sq.

Child's nails bitten off, [262]

Childbed, taboos imposed on women in, [147] sqq.

Childbirth, precautions taken with mother at, [32], [33];

women tabooed at, [147] sqq.;

confession of sins as a means of expediting, [216] sq.;

women after, their hair shaved and burnt, [284];

homoeopathic magic to facilitate, [295] sqq.;

knots untied at, [294], [296] sq., [297] sq.

Children, young, tabooed, [262], [283];

parents named after their, [331] sqq.

Chiloe, Indians of, [287], [324]

China, custom at funerals in, [80];

Emperor of, [125], [375] sq.

Chitomé or Chitombé, a pontiff of Congo, [5] sq., [7]

Chittagong, [297]

Choctaws, the, [181]

Chuckchees, the, [358]

Circumcision customs among the Caffres, [156] sq.;

performed with flints, not iron, [227];

in Australia, [244]

Circumlocutions adopted to avoid naming the dead, [350], [351], [354], [355];

employed by reapers, [412]

Cities, guardian deities of, evoked by enemies, [391]

Clasping of hands forbidden, [298]

Clavie, the, at Burghead, [229] sq.

Cleanliness fostered by superstition, [130];

personal, observed in war, [157], [158] n.1

Clippings of hair, magic wrought through, [268] sqq., [275], [277], [278] sq.

Clotaire, [259]

Clothes of sacred persons tabooed, [131]

Cloths used to catch souls, [46], [47], [48], [52], [53], [64], [67], [75] sq.

Clotilde, Queen, [259]

Cobra, ceremonies after killing a, [222] sq.

Coco-nut oil made by chaste women, [201]

Codjour, a priestly king, [132] n.1

Coins, portraits of kings not stamped on, [98] sq.

Comanches, the, [360]

Combing the hair forbidden, [187], [203], [208], [264];

thought to cause storms, [271]

Combs of sacred persons, [256]

Common objects, names of, changed when they are the names of the dead, [358] sqq., [375], or the names of chiefs and kings, [375], [376] sqq.

—— words tabooed, [392] sqq.

Concealment of miscarriage in childbed, supposed effects of, [152] sqq.

Concealment of personal names from fear of magic, [320] sqq.

Conciliating the spirits of the land, [110] sq.

Conduct, standard of, shifted from natural to supernatural basis, [213] sq.

Confession of sins, [114], [191], [195], [211] sq., [214] sqq.;

originally a magical ceremony, [217]

Connaught, kings of, [11] sq.

Consummation of marriage prevented by knots and locks, [299] sqq.

Contagious magic, [246], [268], [272]

Continence enjoined on people during the rounds of sacred pontiff, [5];

of Zapotec priests, [6];

of priests, [159] n.

—— observed on eve of period of taboo, [11];

by those who have handled the dead, [142];

during war, [157], [158] n.1, [161], [163], [164], [165];

after victory, [166] sqq., [175], [178], [179], [181];

by cannibals, [188];

by fishers and hunters, [191], [192], [193], [194], [195], [196], [197], [198], [207];

by workers in salt-pans, [200];

at brewing beer, wine, and poison, [200] sq., [201] sq.;

at baking, [201];

at making coco-nut oil, [201];

at building canoes, [202];

at house-building, [202];

at making or repairing dams, [202];

on trading voyages, [203];

after festivals, [204];

on journeys, [204];

while cattle are at pasture, [204];

by lion-killers and bear-killers, [220], [221];

before handling holy relics, [272];

by tabooed men, [293]

Cooking, taboos as to, [147] sq., [156], [165], [169], [178], [185], [193], [194], [198], [209], [221], [256]

Coptic church, [235], [310] n.5

Cords, knotted, in magic, [302], [303] sq.

Corea, clipped hair burned in, [283]

—— kings of, [125];

not to be touched with iron, [226]

Corpses, knots not allowed about, [310]

Cousins, male and female, not allowed to mention each other's names, [344]

Covenant, spittle used in making a, [290]

Covering up mirrors at a death, [94] sq.

Cow bewitched, [93]

Cowboy of the king of Unyoro, [159] n.

Creek Indians, the, [156];

their war customs, [161]

Crevaux, J., [105]

Criminals shaved as a mode of purification, [287]

Crocodiles not called by their proper names, [403], [410], [411], [415] sq.

Crossing of legs forbidden, [295], [298] sq.

Crown, imperial, as palladium, [4]

Crystals used in divination, [56]

Curr, E. M., [320] sq.

Cursing at Athens, ritual of, [75]

—— an enemy, Arab mode of, [312]

Curtains to conceal kings, [120] sq.

Cut hair and nails, disposal of, [267] sqq.

Cuts made in the body as a mode of expelling demons or ghosts, [106] sq.;

in bodies of manslayers, [174], [176], [180];

in bodies of slain, [176]. See also [Incisions]

Cutting the hair a purificatory ceremony, [283] sqq.

Cynaetha, people of, [188]

Cyzicus, council chamber at, [230]

Dacotas, the, [181]

Dahomey, the King of, [9];

royal family of, [243];

kings of, their “strong names,” [374]

Dairi, the, or Mikado of Japan, [2], [4]

Dairies, sacred, of the Todas, [15] sqq.

Dairymen, sacred, of the Todas, [15] sqq.

Damaras, the, [247]

Dams, continence at making or repairing, [202]

Dance of king, [123];

of successful head-hunters, [166]

Dances of victory, [169], [170], [178], [182]

Danger of being overshadowed by certain birds or people, [82] sq.;

supposed, of portraits and photographs, [96] sqq.;

supposed to attend contact with divine or sacred persons, such as chiefs and kings, [132], [138]

Darfur, [81];

Sultan of, [120]

Dassera, festival of the, [316]

Daughter-in-law, her name not to be pronounced, [338]

David and the King of Moab, [273]

Dawson, J., [347] sq.

Dead, sacrifices to the, [15], [88];

taboos on persons who have handled the, [138] sqq.;

souls of the dead all malignant, [145];

names of the dead tabooed, [349] sqq.;

to name the dead a serious crime, [352];

names of the dead not borne by the living, [354];

reincarnation or resurrection of the dead in their namesakes, [365] sqq.;

festivals of the, [367], [371]

—— body, prohibition to touch, [14]

Death, natural, of sacred king or priest, supposed fatal consequences of, [6], [7];

kept off by arrows, [31];

mourners forbidden to sleep in house after a death, [37];

custom of covering up mirrors at a, [94] sq.;

from imagination, [135] sqq.

Debt of civilisation to savagery, [421] sq.

Defiled hands, [174]. See [Hands]

De Groot, J. J. M., [390]

Demons, abduction of souls by, [58] sqq.;

of disease expelled by pungent spices, pricks, and cuts, [105] sq.;

and ghosts averse to iron, [232] sqq.

Devils, abduction of souls by, [58] sqq.

Dido, her magical rites, [312]

Diet of kings and priests regulated, [291] sqq.

Dieterich, A., [369] n.3

Difference of language between husbands and wives, [347] sq.;

between men and women, [348] sq.

Diminution of shadow regarded with apprehension, [86] sq.

Dio Chrysostom, on fame as a shadow, [86] sq.

Diodorus Siculus, [12] sq.

Dionysus in the city, festival of, [316]

Disease, demons of, expelled by pungent spices, pricks, and cuts, [105] sq.

Disenchanting strangers, various modes of, [102] sqq.

Dishes, effect of eating out of sacred, [4];

of sacred persons tabooed, [131]. See [Vessels]

Disposal of cut hair and nails, [267] sqq.

Divination by shoulder-blades of sheep, [229]

Divinities, human, bound by many rules, [419] sq.

Divorce of spiritual from temporal power, [17] sqq.

Dobrizhoffer, Father M., [328], [360]

Dog, prohibition to touch or name, [13]

Dogs, bones of game kept from, [206];

unclean, [206];

tigers called, [402]

Dolls or puppets employed for the restoration of souls to their bodies, [53] sqq., [62] sq.

Doorposts, blood put on, [15]

Doors opened to facilitate childbirth, [296], [297];

to facilitate death, [309]

Doubles, spiritual, of men and animals, [28] sq.

Doutté, E., [390]

Dreams, absence of soul in, [36] sqq.;

belief of savages in the reality of, [36] sq.;

omens drawn from, [161]

Drinking and eating, taboos on, [116] sqq.;

modes of drinking for tabooed persons, [117] sqq., [120], [143], [146], [147], [148], [160], [182], [183], [185], [189], [197], [198], [256]

Drought supposed to be caused by a concealed miscarriage, [153] sq.

Dugong fishing, taboos in connexion with, [192]

Dyaks, the Sea, [30];

their modes of recalling the soul, [47] sq., [52] sq., [55] sq., [60], [67];

taboos observed by head-hunters among the, [166] sq.

Eagle, soul in form of, [34]

—— -hunters, taboos observed by, [198] sq.

Eagle-wood, special language employed by searchers for, [404]

Eating out of sacred vessels, supposed effect of, [4]

—— and drinking, taboos on, [116] sqq.;

fear of being seen in the act of, [117] sqq.

Eggs offered to demons, [110];

reason for breaking shells of, [129] sq.

Egypt, rules of life observed by ancient kings of, [12] sq.

Egyptian magicians, their power of compelling the deities, [389] sq.

Egyptians, the ancient, their conception of the soul, [28];

their practice as to souls of the dead, [68] sq.;

personal names among, [322]

Elder brother, his name not to be pronounced, [341]

Elder-tree, cut hair and nails inserted in an, [275] sq.

Elephant-hunters, special language employed by, [404]

Eleusinian priests, their names sacred, [382] sq.

Elfin race averse to iron, [232] sq.

Emetic as mode of purification, [175], [245];

pretended, in auricular confession, [214]

Emin Pasha, [108]

Epidemics attributed to evil spirits, [30]

Epimenides, the Cretan seer, [50] n.2

Esquimaux, their conception of the soul, [27];

their dread of being photographed, [96];

or Inuit, taboos observed by hunters among the, [205] sq.;

namesakes of the dead among the, [371]

Esthonians, the, [41] sq., [240]

Ethical evolution, [218] sq.

—— precepts developed out of savage taboos, [214]

Ethiopia, kings of, [124]

Euphemisms employed for certain animals, [397] sqq.;

for smallpox, [400], [410], [411], [416]

Europe, south-eastern, superstitions as to shadows in, [89] sq.

Evil eye, the, [116] sq.

Ewe-speaking peoples of the Slave Coast, [9];

rebirth of ancestors among the, [369]

Execution, peculiar modes of, for members of royal families, [241] sqq.

Executioners, customs observed by, [171] sq., [180] sq.

Exorcising harmful influence of strangers, [102] sqq.

Eye, the evil, [116] sq.

Eyeos, the, [9]

Faces veiled to avert evil influences, [120] sqq.;

of warriors blackened, [163];

of manslayers blackened, [169]

Fàdy, taboo, [327]

Fafnir and Sigurd, [324]

Fairies averse to iron, [229], [232] sq.

Fasting, custom of, [157] n.2, [159] n., [161], [162], [163], [182], [183], [189], [198], [199]

Father and child, supposed danger of resemblance between, [88] sq.

—— and mother, their names not to be mentioned, [337], [341]

—— in-law, his name not to be pronounced by his daughter-in-law, [335] sqq., [343], [345], [346];

by his son-in-law, [338], [339], [340], [341], [342], [343], [344]

Fathers named after their children, [331] sqq.

Faunus, consultation of, [314]

Feast of Yams, [123]

Feathers worn by manslayers, [180], [186] n.1

Feet, not to wet the, [159]. See also [Foot]

Fernando Po, taboos observed by the kings of, [8] sq., [115], [123], [291]

Festival of the Dead among the Hurons, [367]

Fetish or taboo rajah, [24]

—— kings in West Africa, [22] sqq.

Fever, euphemism for, [400]

“Field speech,” a special jargon employed by reapers, [410] sq., [411] sq.

Fiji, catching away souls in, [69];

War King and Sacred King in, [21];

custom as to remains of food in, [117]

Fijian chief, supposed effect of using his dishes or clothes, [131]

—— conception of the soul, [29] sq., [92]

—— custom of frightening away ghosts, [170]

—— notion of absence of the soul in dreams, [39] sq.

Fingers cut off as a sacrifice, [161]

Finnish hunters, [398]

Fire, rule as to removing fire from priest's house, [13];

prohibition to blow the fire with the breath, [136], [256];

in purificatory rites, [108], [109], [111], [114], [197];

tabooed, [178], [182], [256] sq.;

new, made by friction, [286]

—— and Water, kingships of, [17]

Firefly, soul in form of, [67]

First-fruits, offering of, [5]

Fish-traps, continence observed at making, [202]

Fishermen, words tabooed by, [394] sq., [396], [408] sq., [415]

Fishers and hunters tabooed, [190] sqq.

Fison, Rev. Lorimer, [30] n.1, [40] n.1, [92] n.3, [131] n.2

Fits and convulsions set down to demons, [59]

Flamen Dialis, taboos observed by the, [13] sq., [239], [248], [257], [275], [291], [293], [315] sq.

Flaminica, rules observed by the, [14]

Flannan Islands, [392]

Flesh, boiled, not to be eaten by tabooed persons, [185];

diet restricted or forbidden, [291] sqq.

Flints, not iron, cuts to be made with, [176];

use of, prescribed in ritual, [176];

sharp, circumcision performed with, [227]

Fly, soul in form of, [39]

Food, remnants of, buried as a precaution against sorcery, [118], [119], [127] sq., [129];

magic wrought by means of refuse of, [126] sqq.;

taboos on leaving food over, [127] sqq.;

not to be touched with hands, [138] sqq., [146] sqq., [166], [167], [168], [169], [174], [203], [265];

objection to have food over head, [256], [257]

Foods tabooed, [291] sqq.

Foot, custom of going with only one foot shod, [311] sqq. See also [Feet]

Footprint in magic, [74];

of Buddha, [275]

Forgetfulness, pretence of, [189]

Forks used in eating by tabooed persons, [148], [168], [169], [203]

Fors, the, of Central Africa, [281]

Foundation sacrifices, [89] sqq.

Fowl used in exorcism, [106]

Fowlers, words tabooed by, [393], [407] sq.

Foxes not to be mentioned by their proper names, [396], [397]

Frankish kings, their unshorn hair, [258] sq.

Fresh meat tabooed, [143]

Fumigation as a mode of ceremonial purification, [155], [177]

Funerals in China, custom as to shadows at, [80]. See also [Burial], [Burials]

Furfo, [230]

Gabriel, the archangel, [302], [303]

Gangas, fetish priests, [291]

Garments, effect of wearing sacred, [4]

Gates, sacrifice of human beings at foundations of, [90] sq.

Gatschet, A. S., [363]

Gauntlet, running the, [222]

Genitals of murdered people eaten, [190] n.2

Getae, priestly kings of the, [21]

Ghost of husband kept from his widow, [143];

fear of evoking the ghost by mentioning his name, [349] sqq.;

chased into the grave at the end of mourning, [373] sq.

Ghosts, sacrifices to, [56], [247];

draw away the souls of their kinsfolk, [51] sqq.;

draw out men's shadows, [80];

as guardians of gates, [90] sq.;

kept off by thorns, [142];

and demons averse to iron, [232] sqq.;

fear of wounding, [237] sq.;

swept out of house, [238];

names changed in order to deceive ghosts or to avoid attracting their attention, [354] sqq.

Ghosts of animals, dread of, [223]

—— of the slain haunt their slayers, [165] sqq.;

fear of the, [165] sqq.;

sacrifices to, [166];

scaring away the, [168], [170], [171], [172], [174] sq.;

as birds, [177] sq.

Gilyaks, the, [370]

Ginger in purificatory rites, [105], [151]

Gingiro, kingdom of, [18]

Girls at puberty obliged to touch everything in house, [225] n.;

their hair torn out, [284]

Goajiro Indians, [30], [350]

Goat, prohibition to touch or name, [13];

transference of guilt to, [214] sq.

—— -sucker, shadow of the, [82]

God, “the most great name” of, [390]

—— -man a source of danger, [132];

bound by many rules, [419] sq.

Gods, their names tabooed, [387] sqq.;

Xenophanes on the, [387];

human, bound by many rules, [419] sq. See also Myths

Gold excluded from some temples, [226] n.8

—— and silver as totems, [227] n.

—— mines, spirits of the, treated with deference, [409] sq.

Goldie, H., [22]

Gollas, the, [149]

Good Friday, [229]

Goorkhas, the, [316]

Gordian knot, [316] sq.

Gran Chaco, Indians of the, [37], [38], [357]

Grandfathers, grandsons named after their deceased, [370]

Grandidier, A., [380] sq.

Grandmothers, granddaughters named after their deceased, [370]

Grass knotted as a charm, [305], [310]

Grave, soul fetched from, [54]

—— -clothes, no knots in, [310]

—— -diggers, taboos observed by, [141], [142]

Graves, food offered on, [53];

water poured on, as a rain-charm, [154] sq.

Great Spirit, sacrifice of fingers to the, [161]

Grebo people of Sierra Leone, [14]

Greek conception of the soul, [29] n.1

—— customs as to manslayers, [188]

Grey, Sir George, [364] sq.

Grihya-Sûtras, [277]

Grimm, J., [305] n.1

Ground, prohibition to touch the, [3], [4], [6];

not to sit on the, [159], [162], [163];

not to set foot on, [180];

royal blood not to be shed on the, [241] sqq.

Guardian deities of cities, [391]

Guaycurus, the, [357]

Guiana, Indians of, [324]

Gypsy superstition about portraits, [100]

Haida medicine-men, [31]

Hair, mode of cutting the Mikado's, [3];

cut with bronze knife, [14];

of manslayers shaved, [175], [176];

of slain enemy, fetish made from, [183];

not to be combed, [187], [203], [208], [264];

tabooed, [258] sqq.;

of kings, priests, and wizards unshorn, [258] sqq.;

regarded as the seat of a god or spirit, [258], [259], [263];

kept unshorn at certain times, [260] sqq.;

offered to rivers, [261];

of children unshorn, [263];

magic wrought through clippings of, [268] sqq., [275], [277], [278] sq.;

cut or combed out may cause rain and thunderstorms, [271], [272], [282];

clippings of, used as hostages, [272] sq.;

infected by virus of taboo, [283] sq.;

cut as a purificatory ceremony, [283] sqq.;

of women after childbirth shaved and burnt, [284];

loosened at childbirth, [297] sq.;

loosened in magical and religious ceremonies, [310] sq.

—— and nails of sacred persons not cut, [3], [4], [16]

—— and nails, cut, disposal of, [267] sqq.;

deposited on or under trees, [14], [275] sq., [286];

deposited in sacred places, [274] sqq.;

stowed away in any secret place, [276] sqq.;

kept for use at the resurrection, [279] sqq.;

burnt to prevent them from falling into the hands of sorcerers, [281] sqq.

—— -cutting, ceremonies at, [264] sqq.

Hands tabooed, [138], [140] sqq., [146] sqq., [158], [159] n., [265];

food not to be touched with, [138] sqq., [146] sqq., [166], [167], [168], [169], [174], [265];

defiled, [174];

not to be clasped, [298]

Hanun, King of Moab, [273]

Hawaii, [72], [106];

customs as to chiefs and shadows in, [255]

Head, stray souls restored to, [47], [48], [52], [53] sq., [64], [67];

prohibition to touch the, [142], [183], [189], [252] sq., [254], [255] sq.;

plastered with mud, [182];

the human, regarded as sacred, [252] sqq.;

tabooed, [252] sqq.;

supposed to be the residence of spirits, [252];

objection to have any one overhead, [253] sqq.;

washing the, [253]

—— -hunters, customs of, [30], [36], [71] sq., [111], [166] sq., [169] sq.

Headache caused by clipped hair, [270] sq., [282]

Heads of manslayers shaved, [177]

Hearne, S., quoted, [184] sqq.

Hebesio, god of thunder, [257]

Hercules and Alcmena, [298] sq.

Herero, the, [151], [177], [225] n.

Hermotimus of Clazomenae, [50]

Hidatsa Indians, taboos observed by eagle-hunters among the, [198] sq.

Hierapolis, temple of Astarte at, [286]

Hiro, thief-god, [69]

Historical tradition hampered by the taboo on the names of the dead, [363] sqq.

Holiness and pollution not differentiated by savages, [224]

Hollis, A. C., [200] n.3

Holy water, sprinkling with, [285] sq.

Homicides. See [Manslayers]

Homoeopathic magic, [151], [152], [207], [295], [298]

Honey-wine, continence observed at brewing, [200]

Hooks to catch souls, [30] sq., [51]

Horse, prohibition to see a, [9];

prohibition to ride, [13]

Hos of Togoland, the, [295], [301]

Hostages, clipped hair used as, [272] sq.

Hottentots, the, [220]

House, ceremony at entering a new, [63] sq.;

taboos on quitting the, [122] sqq.

—— building, custom as to shadows at, [81], [89] sq.;

continence observed at, [202]

Howitt, A. W., [269]

Huichol Indians, [197]

Human gods bound by many rules, [419] sq.

—— sacrifices at foundation of buildings, [90] sq.

Humbe, a kingdom of Angola, [6]

Hunters use knots as charms, [306];

words tabooed by, [396], [398], [399], [400], [402], [404], [410]

—— and fishers tabooed, [190] sqq.

Hurons, the, [366];

their conception of the soul, [27];

their Festival of the Dead, [367]

Husband's ghost kept from his widow, [143]

—— name not to be pronounced by his wife, [335], [336], [337], [338], [339]

Husbands and wives, difference of language between, [347] sq.

Huzuls, the, [270], [314]

Ilocanes of Luzon, [44]

Imagination, death from, [135] sqq.

Imitative or homoeopathic magic, [295]

Impurity of manslayers, [167]

Incas of Peru, [279]

Incisions made in bodies of warriors as a preparation for war, [161];

in bodies of slain, [176];

in bodies of manslayers, [174], [176], [180].

See also [Cuts]

Incontinence of young people supposed to be fatal to the king, [6]

India, names of animals tabooed in, [401] sqq.

Indians of North America, their customs on the war-path, [158] sqq.;

their fear of naming the dead, [351] sqq.

Infants tabooed, [255]

Infection, supposed, of lying-in women, [150] sqq.

Infidelity of wife supposed to be fatal to hunter, [197]

Initiation, custom of covering the mouth after, [122];

taboos observed by novices at, [141] sq., [156] sq.;

new names given at, [320]

Injury to a man's shadow conceived as an injury to the man, [78] sqq.

Inspiration, primitive theory of, [248]

Intercourse with wives enjoined before war, [164] n.1;

enjoined on manslayers, [176]. See also [Continence]

Intoxication accounted inspiration, [248], [249], [250]

Inuit. See [Esquimaux]

Ireland, taboos observed by the ancient kings of, [11] sq.

Irish custom as to a fall, [68];

as to friends' blood, [244] sq.

Iron not to be touched, [167];

tabooed, [176], [225] sqq.;

used as a charm against spirits, [232] sqq.

—— instruments, use of, tabooed, [205], [206]

—— rings as talismans, [235]

Iroquois, the, [352], [385]

Isis and Ra, [387] sqq.

Israelites, rules of ceremonial purity observed by the Israelites in war, [157] sq., [177]

Issini, the, [171]

Itonamas, the, [31]

Ivy, prohibition to touch or name, [13] sq.

Ja-Luo, the, [79]

Jackals, tigers called, [402], [403]

Jackson, Professor Henry, [21] n.3

Japan, the Mikado of, [2] sqq.;

Kaempfer's history of, [3] n.2;

Caron's account of, [4] n.2

Jars, souls conjured into, [70]

Jason and Pelias, [311] sq.

Java, [34], [35]

Jebu, the king of, [121]

Jewish hunters, their customs as to blood of game, [241]

Jinn, the servants of their magical names, [390]

Journey, purificatory ceremonies on return from a, [111] sqq.;

continence observed on a, [204];

hair kept unshorn on a, [261]

Jumping over wife or children as a ceremony, [112], [164] n.1

Juno Lucina, [294]

Junod, H. A., [152] sqq., [420] n.1

Jupiter Liber, temple of, at Furfo, [230]

Ka, the ancient Egyptian, [28]

Kachins of Burma, [200]

Kaempfer's History of Japan, [3] sq.

Kafirs of the Hindoo Koosh, [13] n.6, [14] n.2

Kaitish, the, [82], [295]

Kalamba, the, a chief in the Congo region, [114]

Kami, the Japanese word for god, [2] n.2

Kamtchatkans, their attempts to deceive mice, [399]

Karaits, the, [95]

Karen-nis of Burma, the, [13]

Karens, the Red, of Burma, [292];

their recall of the soul, [43];

their customs at funerals, [51]

Karo-Bataks, [52]. See also [Battas]

Katikiro, the, of Uganda, [145] n.4

Kavirondo, [176]

Kayans of Borneo, [32], [47], [110], [164], [239]

Kei Islanders, [53]

Kenyahs of Borneo, [43], [415]

Key as symbol of delivery in childbed, [296]

Keys as charms against devils and ghosts, [234], [235], [236];

as amulets, [308]. See also [Locks]

Khonds, rebirth of ancestors among the, [368] sq.

Kickapoos, the, [171]

Kidd, Dudley, [88] n.

King not to be overshadowed, [83]

—— of the Night, [23]

King's Evil, the, [134]

Kings, supernatural powers attributed to, [1];

beaten before their coronation, [18];

forbidden to see their mothers, [86];

portraits of, not stamped on coins, [98] sq.;

guarded against the magic of strangers, [114] sq.;

forbidden to use foreign goods, [115];

not to be seen eating and drinking, [117] sqq.;

concealed by curtains, [120] sq.;

forbidden to leave their palaces, [122] sqq.;

compelled to dance, [123];

punished or put to death, [124];

not to be touched, [132], [225] sq.;

their hair unshorn, [258] sq.;

foods tabooed to, [291] sq.;

names of, tabooed, [374] sqq.;

taboos observed by, identical with those observed by commoners, [419] sq.

Kings and chiefs tabooed, [131] sqq.;

their spittle guarded against sorcerers, [289] sq.

—— fetish or religious, in West Africa, [22] sqq.

Kingsley, Miss Mary H., [22] n.3, [71], [123] n.2, [251]

Kiowa Indians, [357], [360]

Klallam Indians, the, [354]

Knife as charm against spirits, [232], [233], [234], [235]

Knives not to be left edge upwards, [238];

not used at funeral banquets, [238]

Knot, the Gordian, [316] sq.

Knots, prohibition to wear, [13];

untied at childbirth, [294], [296] sq., [297] sq.;

thought to prevent the consummation of marriage, [299] sqq.;

thought to cause sickness, disease, and all kinds of misfortune, [301] sqq.;

used to cure disease, [303] sqq.;

used to win a lover or capture a runaway slave, [305] sq.;

used as protective amulets, [306] sqq.;

used as charms by hunters and travellers, [306];

as a charm to protect corn from devils, [308] sq.;

on corpses untied, [310]

—— and locks, magical virtue of, [310], [313]

—— and rings tabooed, [293] sqq.

Koita, the, [168]

Koryak, the, [32]

Kruijt, A. C., [319]

Kublai Khan, [242]

Kukulu, a priestly king, [5]

Kwakiutl, the, [53];

customs observed by cannibals among the, [188] sqq.;

change of names in summer and winter among the, [386]

Kwun, the spirit of the head, [252];

supposed to reside in the hair, [266] sq.

Lafitau, J. F., [365] sq.

Lampong in Sumatra, [10]

Lamps to light the ghosts to their old homes, [371]

Language of husbands and wives, difference between, [347] sq.;

of men and women, difference between, [348] sq.

—— change of, caused by taboo on the names of the dead, [358] sqq., [375];

caused by taboo on the names of chiefs and kings, [375], [376] sqq.

—— special, employed by hunters, [396], [398], [399], [400], [402], [404], [410];

employed by searchers for eagle-wood and lignum aloes, [404];

employed by searchers for camphor, [405] sqq.;

employed by miners, [407], [409];

employed by reapers at harvest, [410] sq., [411] sq.;

employed by sailors at sea, [413] sqq.

Laos, [306]

Lapps, the, [294];

their customs after killing a bear, [221];

rebirth of ancestors among the, [368]

Latuka, the, [245]

Leaning against a tree prohibited to warriors, [162], [163]

Leavened bread, prohibition to touch, [13]

Leaving food over, taboos on, [126] sqq.

Leavings of food, magic wrought by means of, [118], [119], [126] sqq.

Legs not to be crossed, [295], [298] sq.

Leinster, kings of, [11]

Leleen, the, [129]

Lengua Indians of the Gran Chaco, [38], [357]

Leonard, A. G., Major, [136] sq.

Lesbos, building custom in, [89]

Lewis, Rev. Thomas, [420] n.1

Life in the blood, [241], [250]

Limbs, amputated, kept by the owners against the resurrection, [281]

Lion-killer, purification of, [176], [220]

Lions not called by their proper names, [400]

Lithuanians, the old, their funeral banquets, [238]

Liver, induration of the, attributed to touching sacred chief, [133]

Lizard, soul in form of, [38]

Loango, taboos observed by kings of, [8], [9];

taboos observed by heir to throne of, [291]

—— king of, forbidden to see a white man's house, [115];

not to be seen eating or drinking, [117] sq.;

confined to his palace, [123];

refuse of his food buried, [129]

Locks unlocked at childbirth, [294], [296];

thought to prevent the consummation of marriage, [299];

as amulets, [308], [309];

unlocked to facilitate death, [309]

—— and knots, magical virtue of, [309] sq. See also [Keys]

Lolos, the, [43]

Look back, not to, [157]

Loom, men not allowed to touch a, [164]

Loss of the shadow regarded as ominous, [88]

Lovers won by knots, [305]

Lucan, [390]

Lucian, [270], [382]

Lucina, [294], [398] sq.

Lucky names, [391] n.1

Lycaeus, sanctuary of Zeus on Mount, [88]

Lycosura, sanctuary of the Mistress at, [227] n., [314]

Lying-in women, dread of, [150] sqq.;

sacred, [151]

Mack, an adventurer, [19]

Macusi Indians, [36], [159] n.

Madagascar, names of chiefs and kings tabooed in, [378] sqq.

Magic wrought by means of refuse of food, [126] sqq.;

sympathetic, [126], [130], [164], [201], [204], [258], [268], [287];

homoeopathic, [pg 437] [151], [152], [207], [295], [298];

contagious, [246], [268], [272];

wrought through clippings of hair, [268] sqq., [275], [277], [278] sq.;

wrought on a man through his name, [318], [320] sqq.

Magicians, Egyptian, their power of compelling the deities, [389] sq.

Mahafalys of Madagascar, the, [10]

Makalaka, the, [369]

Makololo, the, [281]

Malagasy language, dialectical variations of, [378] sq., [380]

Malanau tribes of Borneo, [406]

Malay conception of the soul as a bird, [34] sqq.

—— miners, fowlers, and fishermen, special forms of speech employed by, [407] sqq.

—— Peninsula, art of abducting human souls in the, [73] sqq.

Maldives, the, [274]

Mandalay, [90], [125]

Mandan Indians, [97]

Mandelings of Sumatra, [296]

Mangaia, separation of religious and civil authority in, [20]

Mangaians, the, [87]

Manipur, hill tribes of, [292]

Mannikin, the soul conceived as a, [26] sqq.

Manslayers, purification of, [165] sqq.;

secluded, [165] sqq.;

tabooed, [165] sqq.;

haunted by ghosts of slain, [165] sqq.;

their faces blackened, [169];

their bodies painted, [175], [178], [179], [180], [186] n.1;

their hair shaved, [175], [177]

Maori chiefs, their sanctity or taboo, [134] sqq.;

their heads sacred, [256]

—— language, synonyms in the, [381]

Maoris, persons who have handled the dead tabooed among the, [138] sq.;

tabooed on the war-path, [157]

Marco Polo, [242], [243]

Marianne Islands, [288]

Mariner, W., quoted, [140]

Mariners at sea, special language employed by, [413] sqq.

Marquesans, the, [31];

their regard for the sanctity of the head, [254] sq.;

their customs as to the hair, [261] sq.;

their dread of sorcery, [268]

Marquesas Islands, [178]

Marriage, the consummation of, prevented by knots and locks, [299] sqq.

Masai, the, [200], [309], [329], [354] sq., [356], [361]

Matthews, Dr. Washington, [385]

Meal sprinkled to keep off evil spirits, [112]

Measuring shadows, [89] sq.

—— -tape deified, [91] sq.

Mecca, pilgrims to, not allowed to wear knots and rings, [293] sq.

Medes, law of the, [121]

Mekeo district of New Guinea, [24]

Men injured through their shadows, [78] sqq.

—— and women, difference of language between, [348] sq.

Menedemus, [227]

Menstruation, women tabooed at, [145] sqq.

Menstruous women, dread of, [145] sqq., [206];

avoidance of, by hunters, [211]

Mentras, the, [404]

Merolla da Sorrento, [137]

Mice thought to understand human speech, [399];

not to be called by their proper names, [399], [415]

Midas and his ass's ears, [258] n.1;

king of Gordium, [316]

Mikado, rules of life of the, [2] sqq.;

supposed effect of using his dishes or clothes, [131];

the cutting of his hair and nails, [265]

Mikados, their relations to the Tycoons, [19]

Miklucho-Maclay, Baron N. von, [109]

Milk, custom as to drinking, [119];

prohibition to drink, [141];

not to be drunk by wounded men, [174] sq.;

wine called, [249] n.2;

and beef not to be eaten at the same meal, [292]

Milkmen of the Todas, taboos observed by the holy, [15] sqq.

Miller, Hugh, [40]

Minahassa, a district of Celebes, [99];

the Alfoors of, [63]

Minangkabauers of Sumatra, [32], [36], [41]

Miners, special language employed by, [407], [409]

Mirrors, superstitions as to, [93];

covered after a death, [94] sq.

Miscarriage in childbed, dread of, [149], [152] sqq.;

supposed danger of concealing a, [211], [213]

Moab, Arabs of, [280];

their custom of shaving prisoners, [273]

Moabites, King David's treatment of the, [273] sq.

Mohammed bewitched by a Jew, [302] sq.

Mongols, their recall of the soul, [44];

sacred books of the, [384]

Montezuma, [121]

Monumbos, the, [169], [238]

Mooney, J., [318] sqq.

Moquis, the, [228]

Moral guilt regarded as a corporeal pollution, [217] sq.

Morality developed out of taboo, [213] sq.;

shifted from a natural to a supernatural basis, [213];

survival of savage taboos in civilised, [218] sq.

Morice, A. G., [146] sq.

Mosyni or Mosynoeci, the, [124]

Mother-in-law, the savage's dread of his, [83] sqq.;

her name not to be mentioned by her son-in-law, [338], [339], [340], [341], [342], [343], [344], [345], [346]

Mothers, African kings forbidden to see their, [86];

named after their children, [332], [333]

Mourners, customs observed by, [31] sq., [159] n.;

tabooed, [138] sqq.;

bodies of, smeared with mud or clay, [182] n.2;

hair and nails of, cut at end of mourning, [285] sq.

Mourning of slayers for the slain, [181]

Mouse, soul in form of, [37], [39] n.2

Mouth closed to prevent escape of soul, [31], [33];

soul in the, [33];

covered to prevent entrance of demons, etc., [122]

Muata Jamwo, the, [118], [290]

Mud smeared on feet of bed, [14];

plastered on head, [182]

Munster, kings of, [11]

Murderers, taboos imposed on, [187] sq.

Murrams, the, of Manipur, [292]

Muysca Indians, [121]

Myths of gods and spirits to be told only in spring and summer, [384];

to be told only in winter, [385] sq.;

not to be told by day, [384] sq.

Nails, prohibition to cut finger-nails, [194];

of children not pared, [262] sq.

—— and hair, cut, disposal of, [267] sqq.;

deposited in sacred places, [274] sqq.;

stowed away in any secret place, [276] sqq.;

kept for use at the resurrection, [279] sqq.;

burnt to prevent them from falling into the hands of sorcerers, [281] sqq.

Nails, iron, used as charms against fairies, demons, and ghosts, [233], [234], [236]

—— parings of, used in rain-charms, [271], [272];

swallowed by treaty-makers, [246], [274]

Name, the personal, regarded as a vital part of the man, [318] sqq.;

identified with the soul, [319];

the same, not to be borne by two living persons, [370]

Names of relations tabooed, [335] sqq.;

changed to deceive ghosts, [354] sqq.;

of common objects changed when they are the names of the dead, [358] sqq., [375], or the names of chiefs and kings, [375], [376] sqq.;

of ancestors bestowed on their reincarnations, [368] sq.;

of kings and chiefs tabooed, [374] sqq.;

of supernatural beings tabooed, [384] sqq.;

of gods tabooed, [387] sqq.;

of spirits and gods, magical virtue of, [389] sqq.;

of Roman gods not to be mentioned, [391] n.1;

lucky, [391] n.1;

of dangerous animals not to be mentioned, [396] sqq.

Names, new, given to the sick and old, [319];

new, at initiation, [320]

—— of the dead tabooed, [349] sqq.;

not borne by the living, [354];

revived after a time, [365] sqq.

—— personal, tabooed, [318] sqq.;

kept secret from fear of magic, [320] sqq.;

different in summer and winter, [386]

Namesakes of the dead change their names to avoid attracting the attention of the ghost, [355] sqq.;

of deceased persons regarded as their reincarnations, [365] sqq.

Naming the dead a serious crime, [352], [354];

of children, solemnities at the, connected with belief in the reincarnation of ancestors in their namesakes, [372]

Namosi, in Fiji, [264]

Nandi, the, [175], [273], [310], [330]

Nanumea, island of, [102]

Narbrooi, a spirit or god, [60]

Narcissus and his reflection, [94]

Narrinyeri, the, [126] sq.

Natchez, customs of manslayers among the, [181]

Nats, demons, [90]

Natural death of sacred king or priest, supposed fatal consequences of, [6], [7]

Navajo Indians, [112] sq., [325], [385]

Navel-string used to recall the soul, [48]

Nazarite, vow of the, [262]

Nelson, E. W., [228], [237]

Nets to catch souls, [69] sq.;

as amulets, [300], [307]

New Britain, [85]

—— Caledonia, [92], [141]

—— everything, excites awe of savages, [230] sqq.

—— fire made by friction, [286]

—— Hebrides, the, [56], [127]

—— names given to the sick and old, [319];

at initiation, [320]

—— Zealand, sanctity of chiefs in, [134] sqq.

Nias, island of, conception of the soul in, [29];

custom of the people of, [107];

special language of hunters in, [410];

special language employed by reapers in, [410] sq.

Nicknames used in order to avoid the use of the real names, [321], [331]

Nicobar Islands, customs as to shadows at burials in the, [80] sq.

Nicobarese, the, [357];

changes in their language, [362] sq.

Nieuwenhuis, Dr. A. W., [99]

Night, King of the, [23]

Nine knots in magic, [302], [303], [304]

Noon, sacrifices to the dead at, [88];

superstitious dread of, [88]

Nootka Indians, their idea of the soul, [pg 439] [27];

customs of girls at puberty among the, [146] n.1;

their preparation for war, [160] sq.

North American Indians, their dread of menstruous women, [145];

their theory of names, [318] sq.

Norway, superstition as to parings of nails in, [283]

Nose stopped to prevent the escape of the soul, [31], [71]

Nostrils, soul supposed to escape by the, [30], [32], [33], [122]

Novelties excite the awe of savages, [230] sqq.

Novices at initiation, taboos observed by, [141] sq., [156] sq.

Nubas, the, [132]

Nufoors of New Guinea, [332], [341], [415]

Obscene language in ritual, [154], [155]

O'Donovan, E., [304]

Oesel, island of, [42]

Ojebways, the, [160]

Oldfield, A., [350]

Omahas, customs as to murderers among the, [187]

Omens, reliance on, [110]

One shoe on and one shoe off, [311] sqq.

Ongtong Java Islands, [107]

Onitsha, the king of, [123]

Opening everything in house to facilitate childbirth, [296] sq.

Orestes, the matricide, [188], [287]

Oro, war god, [69]

Orotchis, the, [232]

Ot Danoms, the, [103]

Ottawa Indians, the, [78]

Ovambo, the, [227]

Overshadowed, danger of being, [82] sq.

Ovid, on loosening the hair, [311]

Ox, purification by passing through the body of an, [173]

Padlocks as amulets, [307]

Painting bodies of manslayers, [175], [178], [179], [180], [186] n.1

Palaces, kings not allowed to leave their, [122] sqq.

Pantang, taboo, [405]

Panther, ceremonies at the slaughter of a, [219]

Parents named after their children, [331] sqq.

—— -in-law, their names not to be pronounced, [338], [339], [340], [341], [342]

Partition of spiritual and temporal power between religious and civil kings, [17] sqq.

Patagonians, the, [281]

Paton, W. R., [382] n.4, [383] n.1

Pawnees, the, [228]

Peace, ceremony at making, [274]

Pelias and Jason, [311]

Pentateuch, the, [219]

Pepper in purificatory rites, [106], [114]

Perils of the soul, [26] sqq.

Perseus and the Gorgon, [312]

Persian kings, their custom at meals, [119]

Persons, tabooed, [131] sqq.

Philosophy, primitive, [420] sq.

Phong long, ill luck caused by women in childbed, [155]

Photographed or painted, supposed danger of being, [96] sqq.

Pictures, supposed danger of, [96] sq.

Pig, the word unlucky, [233]

Pigeons, special language employed by Malays in snaring, [407] sq.

Pilgrims to Mecca not allowed to wear knots and rings, [293] sq.

Pimas, the purification of manslayers among the, [182] sqq.

Plataea, Archon of, forbidden to touch iron, [227];

escape of besieged from, [311]

Pliny on crossed legs and clasped hands, [298];

on knotted threads, [303]

Plutarch, [249]

Poison, continence observed at brewing, [200]

—— ordeal, [15]

Polar bear, taboos concerning the, [209]

Polemarch, the, at Athens, [22]

Pollution or sanctity, their equivalence in primitive religion, [145], [158], [224]

—— and holiness not differentiated by savages, [224]

Polynesia, names of chiefs tabooed in, [381]

Polynesian chiefs sacred, [136]

Pons Sublicius, [230]

Port Moresby, [203]

Porto Novo, [23]

Portraits, souls in, [96] sqq.;

supposed dangers of, [96] sqq.

Powers, S., [326]

Pregnancy, husband's hair kept unshorn during wife's, [261];

conduct of husband during wife's, [294], [295];

superstitions as to knots during wife's, [294] sq.

Pregnant women, their superstitions about shadows, [82] sq.

Premature birth, [213]. See Miscarriage

Pricking patient with needles to expel demons of disease, [106]

Priests to be shaved with bronze, [226];

their hair unshorn, [259], [260];

foods tabooed to, [291]

Prisoners shaved, [273];

released at festivals, [316]

Propitiation of the souls of the slain, [166];

of spirits of slain animals, [190], [204] sq.;

of ancestors, [197]

Prussians, the old, their funeral feasts, [238]

Pulque, [201], [249]

Puppets or dolls employed for the restoration of souls to their bodies, [53] sqq.

Purge as mode of ceremonial purification, [175]

Purification of city, [188];

of Pimas after slaying Apaches, [182] sqq.;

of hunters and fishers, [190] sq.;

of moral guilt by physical agencies, [217] sq.;

by cutting the hair, [283] sqq.

—— of manslayers, [165] sqq.;

intended to rid them of the ghosts of the slain, [186] sq.

Purificatory ceremonies at reception of strangers, [102] sqq.;

on return from a journey, [111] sqq.

Purity, ceremonial, observed in war, [157]

Pygmies, the African, [282]

Pythagoras, maxims of, [314] n.2

Python, punishment for killing a, [222]

Quartz used at circumcision instead of iron, [227]

Queensland, aborigines of, [159] n.

Ra and Isis, [387] sqq.

Rabbah, siege of, [273]

Rain caused by cut or combed out hair, [271], [272];

word for, not to be mentioned, [413]

—— -charm by pouring water, [154] sq.

—— -makers, their hair unshorn, [259] sq.

Rainbow, the, a net for souls, [79]

Ramanga, [246]

Raven, soul as a, [34]

Raw flesh not to be looked on, [239]

—— meat, prohibition to touch or name, [13]

Reapers, special language employed by, [410] sq., [411] sq.

Reasoning, definite, at the base of savage custom, [420] n.1

Rebirth of ancestors in their descendants, [368] sq.

Recall of the soul, [30] sqq.

Red, bodies of manslayers painted, [175], [179];

faces of manslayers painted, [185], [186] n.1

Reflection, the soul identified with the, [92] sqq.

Reflections in water or mirrors, supposed dangers of, [93] sq.

Refuse of food, magic wrought by means of, [126] sqq.

Regeneration, pretence of, [113]

Reincarnation of the dead in their namesakes, [365] sqq.;

of ancestors in their descendants, [368] sqq.

Reindeer, taboos concerning, [208]

Relations, names of, tabooed, [335] sqq.

Relationship, terms of, used as terms of address, [324] sq.

Release of prisoners at festivals, [316]

Religion, passage of animism into, [213]

Reluctance to accept sovereignty on account of taboos attached to it, [17] sqq.

Remnants of food buried as a precaution against sorcery, [118], [119], [127] sq., [129]

Resemblance of child to father, supposed danger of, [88] sq.

Resurrection, cut hair and nails kept for use at the, [279] sq.

—— of the dead effected by giving their names to living persons, [365] sqq.

Rhys, Professor Sir John, [12] n.2;

on personal names, [319]

Rice used to attract the soul conceived as a bird, [34] sqq., [45] sqq.;

soul of, not to be frightened, [412]

—— -harvest, special language employed by reapers at, [410] sq., [411] sq.

Ring, broken, [13];

on ankle as badge of office, [15]

Rings used to prevent the escape of the soul, [31];

as spiritual fetters, [313] sqq.;

as amulets, [314] sqq.;

not to be worn, [314]

—— and knots tabooed, [293] sqq.

Rivers, Dr. W. H. R., [17]

Rivers, prohibition to cross, [9] sq.

Robertson, Sir George Scott, [14] notes

Roepstorff, F. A. de, [362] sq.

Roman gods, their names not to be mentioned, [391] n.1

—— superstition about crossed legs, [298]

Romans, their evocation of gods of besieged cities, [391]

Rome, name of guardian deity of Rome kept secret, [391]

Roscoe, Rev. J., [85] n.1, [145] n.4, [195] n.1, [254] n.5, [277] n.10

Roth, W. E., [356]

Rotti, custom as to cutting child's hair in the island of, [276], [283];

custom as to knots at marriage in the island of, [301]

Roumanian building superstition, [89]

Royal blood not to be shed on the ground, [241] sqq.

Royalty, the burden of, [1] sqq.

Rules of life observed by sacred kings and priests, [1] sqq.

Runaways, knots as charm to stop, [305] sq.

Russell, F., [183] sq.

Sabaea or Sheba, kings of, [124]

Sacred chiefs and kings regarded as dangerous, [131] sqq., [138];

their analogy [pg 441] to mourners, homicides, and women at menstruation and childbirth, [138]

Sacred and unclean, correspondence of rules regarding the, [145]

Sacrifices to ghosts, [56], [166];

to the dead, [88];

at foundation of buildings, [89] sqq.;

to ancestral spirits, [104]

Sagard, Gabriel, [366] sq.

Sahagun, B. de, [249]

Sailors at sea, special language employed by, [413] sqq.

Sakais, the, [348]

Sakalavas of Madagascar, the, [10], [327];

customs as to names of dead kings among the, [379] sq.

Salish Indians, [66]

Salmon, taboos concerning, [209]

Salt not to be eaten, [167], [182], [184], [194], [195], [196];

name of, tabooed, [401]

—— -pans, continence observed by workers in, [200]

Samoyeds, [353]

Sanctity of the head, [252] sqq.

—— or pollution, their equivalence in primitive religion, [145], [158], [224]

Sankara and the Grand Lama, [78]

Saragacos Indians, [152]

Satapatha Brahmana, [217]

Saturday, persons born on a, [89]

Saturn, the planet, [315]

Savage, our debt to the, [419] sqq.

—— custom the product of definite reasoning, [420] n.1

—— philosophy, [420] sq.

Saxons of Transylvania, [294]

Scapegoat, [214] sq.

Scarification of warriors, [160] sq.;

of bodies of whalers, [191]

Scaring away the ghosts of the slain, [168], [170], [171], [172], [174] sq.

Schoolcraft, H. R., [325]

Scotch fowlers and fishermen, words tabooed by, [393] sqq.

Scotland, common words tabooed in, [392] sqq.

Scratching the person or head, rules as to, [146], [156], [158], [159] n., [160], [181], [183], [189], [196]

Scrofula thought to be caused and cured by touching a sacred chief or king, [133] sq.

Sea, horror of the, [10];

offerings made to the, [10];

prohibition to look on the, [10];

special language employed by sailors at, [413] sqq.

—— -mammals, atonement for killing, [207];

myth of their origin, [207]

Seals, supposed influence of lying-in women on, [152];

taboos observed after the killing of, [207] sq., [209], [213]

Seclusion of those who have handled the dead, [138] sqq.;

of women at menstruation and childbirth, [145] sqq., [147] sqq.;

of tabooed persons, [165];

of manslayers, [166] sqq.;

of cannibals, [188] sqq.;

of men who have killed large game, [220] sq.

Secret names among the Central Australian aborigines, [321] sq.

Sedna, an Esquimau goddess, [152], [207], [208], [209], [210], [211], [213]

Semangat, Malay word for the soul, [28], [35]

Semites, moral evolution of the, [219]

Seoul, capital of Corea, [283]

Serpents, purificatory ceremonies observed after killing, [221] sqq.

Servius, on Dido's costume, [313]

Seven knots in magic, [303], [304], [308]

Sewing as a charm, [307]

Shades of dead animals, fear of offending, [205], [206], [207]

Shadow, the soul identified with the, [77] sqq.;

injury done to a man through his, [78] sqq.;

diminution of shadow regarded with apprehension, [86] sq.;

loss of the, regarded as ominous, [88];

not to fall on a chief, [255]

Shadows drawn out by ghosts, [80];

animals injured through their, [81] sq.;

of trees sensitive, [82];

of certain birds and people viewed as dangerous, [82] sq.;

built into the foundations of edifices, [89] sq.;

of mourners dangerous, [142];

of certain persons dangerous, [173]

Shamans among the Thompson Indians, [57] sq.

—— Buryat, their mode of recovering lost souls, [56] sq.

—— Yakut, [63]

Shark Point, priestly king at, [5]

Sharp instruments, use of, tabooed, [205]

—— weapons tabooed, [237] sqq.

Shaving prisoners, reason of, [273]

Sheep used in purificatory ceremony, [174], [175];

shoulder-blades of, used in divination, [229]

Shetland fishermen, their tabooed words, [394]

Shoe untied at marriage, [300];

custom of going with one shoe on and one shoe off, [311] sqq.

Shoulder-blades, divination by, [229]

Shuswap Indians, the, [83], [142]

Siam, kings of, [226], [241];

names of kings of, concealed from fear of sorcery, [375]

Siamese children, ceremony at cutting their hair, [265] sqq.

—— view of the sanctity of the head, [252] sq.

Sick man, attempts to prevent the escape of the soul of, [30] sqq.

Sick people not allowed to sleep, [95];

sprinkled with pungent spices, [105] sq.

—— -room, mirrors covered up in, [95]

Sickness explained by the absence of the soul, [42] sqq.;

caused by ancestral spirits, [53]

Sierra Leone, priests and kings of, [14] sq., [18]

—— Nevada of Colombia, [215], [216]

Sigurd and Fafnir, [324]

Sikhim, kings of, [20]

Silkworms, taboos observed by breeders of, [194]

Simpson, W., [125] n.3

Sin regarded as something material, [214], [216], [217] sq.

Singhalese, [297]; their fear of demons, [233] sq.

Sins, confession of, [114], [191], [195], [211] sq., [214] sqq.;

originally a magical ceremony, [217]

Sisters-in-law, their names not to be pronounced, [338], [342], [343]

Sit, Egyptian god, [68]

Sitting on the ground prohibited to warriors, [159], [162], [163]

Skull-cap worn by girls at their first menstruation, [146];

worn by Australian widows, [182] n.2

Skulls of ancestors rubbed as a propitiation, [197];

of dead used as drinking-cups, [372]

Slain, ghosts of the, fear of the, [165] sqq.

Slave Coast, the, [9]

Slaves, runaway, charm for recovering, [305] sq.

Sleep, absence of soul in, [36] sqq.;

sick people not allowed to, [95];

forbidden in house after a death, [37] sq.;

forbidden to unsuccessful eagle-hunter, [199]

Sleeper not to be wakened suddenly, [39] sqq.;

not to be moved nor his appearance altered, [41] sq.

Smallpox not mentioned by its proper name, [400], [410], [411], [416]

Smearing blood on the person as a purification, [104], [115];

on persons, dogs, and weapons as a mode of pacifying their souls, [219]

—— bodies of manslayers with porridge, [176]

—— porridge or fat on the person as a purification, [112]

—— sheep's entrails on body as mode of purification, [174]

Smith, W, Robertson, [77] n.1, [96] n.1, [243] n.7, [247] n.5

Smith's craft regarded us uncanny, [236] n.5

Snakes not called by their proper names, [399], [400], [401] sq., [411]

Snapping the thumbs to prevent the departure of the soul, [31]

Snares set for souls, [69]

Son-in-law, his name not to be pronounced, [338] sq., [344], [345]

Sorcerers, souls extracted or detained by, [69] sqq.;

make use of cut hair and other bodily refuse, [268] sq., [274] sq.;

[278], [281] sq. See also [Magic]

Soul conceived as a mannikin, [26] sqq.;

the perils of the, [26] sqq.;

ancient Egyptian conception of the, [28] sq.;

representations of the soul in Greek art, [29] n.1;

as a butterfly, [29] n.1, [41], [51] sq.;

absence and recall of the, [30] sqq.;

attempts to prevent the soul from escaping from the body, [30] sqq.;

sickness attributed to the absence of the, [32], [42] sqq.;

tied by thread or string to the body, [32] sq., [43], [51];

conceived as a bird, [33] sqq.;

absent in sleep, [36] sqq.;

in form of mouse, [37], [39] n.2;

in form of lizard, [38];

in form of fly, [39];

caught in a cloth, [46], [47], [48], [52], [53], [64], [67], [75] sq.;

identified with the shadow, [77] sqq.;

identified with the reflection in water or a mirror, [92] sqq.;

supposed to escape at eating and drinking, [116];

in the blood, [240], [241], [247], [250];

identified with the personal name, [319];

of rice not to be frightened, [412]

Souls, every man thought to have four, [27], [80];

light and heavy, thin and fat, [29];

transferred to other bodies, [49];

impounded in magic fence, [56];

abducted by demons, [58] sqq.;

transmigrate into animals, [65];

brought back in a visible form, [65] sqq.;

caught in snares or nets, [69] sqq.;

extracted or detained by sorcerers, [69] sqq.;

in tusks of ivory, [70];

conjured into jars, [70];

in boxes, [70], [76];

shut up in calabashes, [72];

transferred from the living to the dead, [73];

gathered into a basket, [72];

wounded and bleeding, [73];

supposed to be in portraits, [96] sqq.

—— of beasts respected, [223]

—— of the dead all malignant, [145];

cannot go to the spirit-land till the flesh has decayed from their bones, [372] n.5

—— of the slain, propitiation of, [166]

Sovereignty, reluctance to accept the, on account of its burdens, [17] sqq.

Spells cast by strangers, [112];

at hair-cutting, [264] sq.

Spenser, Edmund, [244] sq.

Spices used in exorcism of demons, [105] sq.

Spirit of dead apparently supposed to decay with the body, [372]

Spirits averse to iron, [232] sqq.

—— of land, conciliation of the, [110] sq.

Spiritual power, its divorce from temporal power, [17] sqq.

Spitting forbidden, [196];

as a protective charm, [279], [286];

upon knots as a charm, [302]

Spittle effaced or concealed, [288] sqq.;

tabooed, [287] sqq.;

used in magic, [268], [269], [287] sqq.;

used in making a covenant, [290]

Spoil taken from enemy purified, [177]

Spoons used in eating by tabooed persons, [141], [148], [189]

Sprained leg, cure for, [304] sq.

Spring and summer, myths of divinities and spirits to be told only in, [384]

Sprinkling with holy water, [285] sq.

St. Sylvester's Day, [88]

Stabbing reflections in water to injure the persons reflected, [93]

Stade, Hans, captive among Brazilian Indians, [231]

Standard of conduct shifted from natural to supernatural basis, [213]

Stepping over persons or things forbidden, [159] sq., [194], [423] sqq.;

over dead panther, [219].

See also [Jumping]

Stone knives and arrow-heads used in religious ritual, [228]

Stones on which a man's shadow should not fall, [80]

Storms caused by cutting or combing the hair, [271], [282]

Strange land, ceremonies at entering a, [109] sqq.

Strangers, taboos on intercourse with, [101] sqq.;

suspected of practising magical arts, [102];

ceremonies at the reception of, [102] sqq.;

dread of, [102] sqq.;

spells cast by, [112];

killed, [113]

String or thread used to tie soul to body, [32] sq., [43], [51]

Strings, knotted, as amulets, [309].

See also [Cords], [Threads]

“Strong names” of kings of Dahomey, [374]

Sulka, the, [151], [331]

Sultan Bayazid and his soul, [50]

Sultans veiled, [120]

Sumba, custom as to the names of princes in the island of, [376]

Summer, myths of gods and spirits not to be told in, [385] sq.

—— and winter, personal names different in, [386]

Sun not allowed to shine on sacred persons, [3], [4], [6]

—— -god draws away souls, [64] sq.

Sunda, tabooed words in, [341], [415]

Supernatural basis of morality, [213] sq.

Supernatural beings, their names tabooed, [384] sqq.

Superstition a crutch to morality, [219]

Swaheli charm, [305] sq.

Sweating as a purification, [142], [184]

Swelling and inflammation thought to be caused by eating out of sacred vessels or by wearing sacred garments, [4]

Sympathetic connexion between a person and the severed parts of his body, [267] sq., [283]

—— magic, [164], [201], [204], [258], [268], [287]

Synonyms adopted in order to avoid naming the dead, [359] sqq.;

in the Zulu language, [377];

in the Maori language, [381]

Taboo of chiefs and kings in Tonga, [133] sq.;

of chiefs in New Zealand, [134] sqq.;

Esquimaux theory of, [210] sqq.;

the meaning of, [224]

—— rajah and chief, [24] sq.

Tabooed acts, [101] sqq.

—— hands, [138], [140] sqq., [146] sqq., [158], [159] n.

—— persons, [131] sqq.;

secluded, [165]

—— things, [224] sqq.

—— words, [318] sqq.

Taboos, royal and priestly, [1] sqq.;

on intercourse with strangers, [101] sqq.;

on eating and drinking, [116] sqq.;

on shewing the face, [120] sqq.;

on quitting the house, [122] sqq.;

on leaving food over, [126] sqq.;

on persons who have handled the dead, [138] sqq.;

on warriors, [157] sqq.;

on manslayers, [165] sqq.;

imposed on murderers, [187] sq.;

imposed on hunters and fishers, [190] sqq.;

transformed into ethical precepts, [214];

survivals of, in morality, [218] sq.;

as spiritual insulators, [224];

on sharp weapons, [237] sqq.;

on blood, [239] sqq.;

relating to the head, [252] sqq.;

on hair, [258] sqq.;

on spittle, [287] sqq.;

on foods, [291] sqq.;

on knots and rings, [293] sqq.;

on words, [318] sqq., [392] sqq.;

on personal names, [318] sqq.;

on names of relations, [335] sqq.;

on the names of the dead, [349] sqq.;

on names of kings and chiefs, [374] sqq.;

on names of supernatural beings, [384] sqq.;

on names of gods, [387] sqq.

—— observed by the Mikado, [3] sq.;

by headmen in Assam, [11];

by ancient kings of Ireland, [11] sq.;

by the Flamen Dialis, [13] sq.;

by the Bodia or Bodio, [15];

by sacred milkmen among the Todas, [16] sqq.

Tahiti, [255]

Tahiti, kings of, [226];

abdicate on birth of a son, [20];

their names not to be pronounced, [381] sq.

Tails of cats docked as a magical precaution, [128] sq.

Tales, wandering souls in popular, [49] sq.

Tara, the old capital of Ireland, [11]

Tartar Khan, ceremony at visiting a, [114]

Teeth, loss of, supposed effect of breaking a taboo, [140];

loosened by angry ghosts, [186] n.1;

as a rain-charm, [271];

extracted, kept against the resurrection, [280].

See also [Tooth]

Temple at Jerusalem, the, [230]

Temporary reincarnation of the dead in their living namesakes, [371]

Tendi, Batta word for soul, [45].

See also [Tondi]

Tepehuanes, the, [97]

Terms of relationship used as terms of address, [324] sq.

Thakambau, [131]

Thebes in Egypt, priestly kings of, [13]

Theocracies in America, [6]

Thesmophoria, release of prisoners at, [316]

Thessalian witch, [390]

Things tabooed, [224] sqq.

Thompson Indians of British Columbia, [37] sq.;

customs of mourners among the, [142] sq.

Thomson, Joseph, [98]

Thorn bushes to keep off ghosts, [142]

Thread or string used to tie soul to body, [32] sq., [43], [51]

Threads, knotted, in magic, [303], [304] sq., [307]

Three knots in magic, [304], [305]

Thumbs snapped to prevent the departure of the soul, [31]

Thunderstorms caused by cut hair, [271], [282]

Thurn, E. F. im, [324] sq.

Tigers not called by their proper names, [401], [402], [403] sq., [410], [415];

called dogs, [402];

called jackals, [402], [403]

Timines of Sierra Leone, [18]

Timor, fetish or taboo rajah in, [24];

customs as to war in, [165] sq.

Tin ore, Malay superstitions as to, [407]

Tinneh or Déné Indians, [145] sq.

Toboongkoos of Celebes, [48], [78]

Todas, holy milkmen of the, [15] sqq.

Togoland, [247]

Tolampoos, the, [319]

Tolindoos, the, [78]

Tondi, Batta word for soul, [35].

See also [Tendi]

Tonga, divine chiefs in, [21];

the taboo of chiefs and kings in, [133] sq.;

taboos connected with the dead in, [140]

Tonquin, division of monarchy in, [19] sq.;

kings of, [125]

Tooitonga, divine chief of Tonga, [21]

Tooth knocked out as initiatory rite, [244].

See also [Teeth]

Toradjas, tabooed names among the, [340];

their field-speech, [411] sqq.

Touching sacred king or chief, supposed effects of, [132] sqq.

Trading voyages, continence observed on, [203]

Tradition, historical, hampered by the taboo on the names of the dead, [363] sqq.

Transference of souls from the living to the dead, [73];

of souls to other bodies, [49];

of sins, [214] sqq.

Transgressions, need of confessing, [211] sq.

See also [Sins]

Transmigration of souls into animals, [65]

Transylvania, the Germans of, [296], [310]

Traps set for souls, [70] sq.

Travail, women in, knots on their garments untied, [294].

See also [Childbirth]

Travellers, knots used as charms by, [306]

Tree-spirits, fear of, [412] sq.

Trees, the shadows of trees sensitive, [82];

cut hair deposited on or under, [14], [275] sq., [286]

Tuaregs, the, [117], [122]; their fear of ghosts, [353]

Tumleo, island of, [150]

Tupi Indians, their customs as to eating captives, [179] sq.

Turtle catching, taboos in connexion with, [192]

Tusks of ivory, souls in, [70]

Twelfth Night, [396]

Twins, water poured on graves of, [154] sq.

—— father of, taboos observed by the, [239] sq.;

his hair shaved and nails cut, [284]

Tycoons, the, [19]

Tying the soul to the body, [32] sq., [43]

Tylor, E. B., on reincarnation of ancestors, [372] n.1

Uganda, [84], [86], [112], [145], [164] n.1, [239], [243], [254], [263], [277], [330], [369].

See also [Baganda]

Ulster, kings of, [12]

Unclean and sacred, correspondence of the rules regarding the, [145]

Uncleanness regarded as a vapour, [152], [206];

of manslayers, of menstruous and lying-in women, and of persons who have handled the dead, [169];

of whalers, [191], [207];

of lion-killer, [220];

of bear-killers, [221]

Uncovered in the open air, prohibition to be, [3], [14]

Unyoro, king of, his custom of drinking milk, [119];

cowboy of the king of, [159] n.;

diet of the king of, [291] sq.

Vapour thought to be exhaled by lying-in women and hunters, [152], [206];

supposed, of blood and corpses, [210] sq.;

supposed to be produced by the violation of a taboo, [212]

Varuna, festival of, [217]

Veiling faces to avert evil influences, [120] sqq.

Venison, taboos concerning, [208] sq.

Vermin from hair returned to their owner, [278]

Vessels used by tabooed persons destroyed, [4], [131], [139], [145], [156], [284]

—— special, employed by tabooed persons, [138], [139], [142], [143], [144], [145], [146], [147], [148], [160], [167], [185], [189], [197], [198]

Victims, sacrificial, carried round city, [188]

Vine, prohibition to walk under a, [14], [248]

Virgil, the enchantress in, [305];

on rustic militia of Latium, [311]

Vow, hair kept unshorn during a, [261] sq., [285]

Wabondei, the, [272]

Wadai, Sultan of, [120]

Wakan, mysterious, sacred, taboo, [225] n.

Wakelbura, the, [31]

Wallis Island, [140]

Walrus, taboos concerning, [208] sq.

Wanigela River, [192]

Wanika, the, [247]

Wanyamwesi, the, [112], [330]

Wanyoro (Banyoro), the, [278]

War, continence in, [157], [158] n.1, [161], [163], [164], [165];

rules of ceremonial purity observed in, [157] sqq.;

hair kept unshorn in, [261]

—— chief, or war king, [20], [21], [24]

—— -dances, [169], [170], [178], [182]

Warm food tabooed, [189]

Warramunga, the, [384]

Warriors tabooed, [157] sqq.

Washing the head, [253]. See [Bathing]

Water poured as a rain-charm, [154] sq.;

holy, sprinkling with, [285] sq.

—— -spirits, danger of, [94]

Wax figure in magic, [74]

Weapons of manslayers, purification of, [172], [182], [219]

Wedding ring, an amulet against witchcraft, [314]

Were-wolf, [42]

Whale, solemn burial of dead, [223]

Whalers, taboos observed by, [191] sq., [205] sqq.

Wheaten flour, prohibition to touch, [13]

White, faces and bodies of manslayers painted, [175], [186] n.1;

lion-killer painted, [220]

—— clay, Caffre boys at circumcision smeared with, [156]

Whydah, king of, [129]

Widows and widowers, customs observed by, [142] sq., [144] sq., [182] n.2

Wied, Prince of, [96]

Wife's mother, the savage's dread of his, [83] sqq.;

her name not to be pronounced by her son-in-law, [337], [338], [343]

—— name not to be pronounced by her husband, [337], [338], [339]

Wild beasts not called by their proper names, [396] sqq.

Wilkinson, R. J., [416] n.4

Willow wands as disinfectants, [143]

Windessi, in New Guinea, [169]

Winds kept in jars, [5]

Wine, the blood of the vine, [248];

called milk, [249] n.2

Wing-bone of eagle used to drink through, [189]

Winter, myths of gods and spirits to be told only in, [385] sq.

Wirajuri, the, [269]

Witch's soul departs from her in sleep, [39], [41], [42]

Witches make use of cut hair, [270], [271], [279], [282]

Wollunqua, a mythical serpent, [384]

Wolofs of Senegambia, [323]

Wolves, charms to protect cattle from, [307];

not to be called by their proper names, [396], [397], [398], [402]

Women tabooed at menstruation and childbirth, [145] sqq.;

abstinence from, during war, [157], [158] n.1, [161], [163], [164];

in childbed holy, [225] n.;

blood of, dreaded, [250] sq.

Women's clothes, supposed effects of touching, [164] sq.

“Women's speech” among the Caffres, [335] sq.

Words tabooed, [318] sqq.;

savages take a materialistic view of words, [331]

—— common, changed because they are the names of the dead, [358] sqq., [375],

or the names of chiefs and kings, [375], [376] sqq.;

tabooed, [392] sqq.

Wounded men not allowed to drink milk, [174] sq.

Wrist tied to prevent escape of soul, [32], [43], [51]

—— bands as amulets, [315]

Wurunjeri tribe, [42]

Xenophanes, on the gods, [387]

Yabim, the, [151], [306], [354], [386]

Yakut shaman, [63]

Yams, Feast of, [123]

Yaos, the, [97] sq.

Yawning, soul supposed to depart in, [31]

Yewe order, secret society in Togo, [383]

Yorubas, rebirth of ancestors among the, [369]

Zapotecs of Mexico, the pontiff of the, [6] sq.

Zend-Avesta, the, on cut hair and nails, [277]

Zeus on Mount Lycaeus, sanctuary of, [88]

Zulu language, its diversity, [377]

Zulus, names of chiefs and kings tabooed among the, [376] sq.;

their superstition as to reflections in water, [91]