PNEUMONITIS; PNEUMONIA; INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS.
Definition. Inflammation of the spongy tissue of the lungs uncomplicated by that of the bronchia or pleura.
Divisions. This affection has been variously divided according to seat, nature, and complications: thus:
Single Pneumonia: Affecting one lung: right or left.
Double Pneumonia: Affecting both lungs.
Lobar Pneumonia: Affecting one lobe or by lobes.
Lobular Pneumonia: Affecting by lobules.
Acute Pneumonia: Subacute Pneumonia. Chronic Pneumonia.
Croupous or Fibrinous: With fibrinous exudate.
Catarrhal: With exudate rich in cells and granules.
Hæmorrhagic: With extravasation of blood.
Purulent: Tending to pus: abscess.
Necrotic: Tending to gangrene: sequestra.
Desquamative: With great proliferation of alveolar epithelium.
Interstitial. Interlobular: Affecting mainly the interlobular connective tissue.
Hypostatic: Dependent on gravitation of the blood.
Metastatic: Due to embolism.
Parasitic: Caused by parasites. Due to wounds or foreign bodies.
Contagious and Traumatic Pneumonia.
Many of these are, however, but localizations of the same affection and others are manifestly microbian diseases which in the present state of pathology it is not always easy to early distinguish sufficiently for clinical and therapeutic purposes. For the sake of convenience therefore pneumonia will here be treated of generally, and under the headings devoted to etiology, pathology, therapeutics, etc., attention will be given to distinctions. Those pneumonias that are but pulmonary manifestations of other diseases—influenza, glanders, tuberculosis, strangles, contagious pneumo-enteritis, lung plague, septicæmia, pyæmia, swine plague, hog cholera, petechial fever, actinomycosis, and neoplasms will be considered under these respective headings.