EVERSION OF THE BLADDER.
This is really invagination into the female urethra and bladder. It has only been seen in mares, and then by reason of the extreme dilatability of the urethra. A pyriform, red, perhaps rugose tumor shows between the lips of the vulva, during straining. It is covered by mucosa, and on its upper surface near to its neck are two small orifices from which urine oozes or comes in jets during active expulsive efforts. It soon becomes muco-purulent on the surface, and even excoriated. Urine escaping continuously trickles down the thighs with much fœtor. It occurs especially during violent expulsive efforts as in parturition or constipation.
Treatment essentially surgical consists in uniform compression to expel blood and exudate followed by the pushing of the fundus through the bladder and urethra. The more recent the case, the easier is the process. Pressecq claims to have cured an obstinately recurring case, by cauterizing the urethra up to the cervix vesicæ with a round iron rod an inch in diameter. The resulting loss of substance, with the neoplasia and constriction effectually prevented renewed eversion even during parturition. Other veterinarians have successfully excised the bladder, but this entailed incontinence and constant offensive soaking of the thighs with urine.