ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE HUMAN MIND
James Mill

Transcriber’s Note and List of Contents

All editions of this text were published in two volumes. This file has combined them. The only consequential change to the original material is that the Contents pages for Volume 2 are repeated immediately after the Contents of Volume 1. Texts have been kindly provided by the Internet Archive. For Volume 1 the source mainly used was [analysisofthephe00milluoft] and for Volume 2, [analysisofpheno02mill].

Footnotes

James Mill’s text had a few footnotes, indicated by single asterisks. His later commentators’ work was printed as footnotes, numbered consecutively through each volume (though there is no note 36 in volume 1), and attributed by an initial (or “Editor’s note”) at the end. James Mill’s notes are here recorded as 1*, 2*, etc. John Stuart Mill made one note in this style, 7* in volume 1. This has not been renumbered, but it has been rendered in J.S. Mill’s colour. Text due to contributors other than James Mill is marked by different text colours: blue for Bain, fuchsia for Findlater, green for Grote, and maroon for J.S. Mill. There are footnotes in Grote’s main footnote, and in a couple of other footnotes, marked as in the original. All footnotes are now placed after the paragraph in which they occur.

Corrections

Corrections are flagged by dotted red underline, on mouse-over revealing the original.

Other matters

Greek text is marked by orange underlining, on mouse-over revealing a transliteration (breathings marked ( for hard, ) for soft, accents / for acute, \ for grave, = for circumflex, all after their vowel; iota subscript is marked |).

Page numbers have been rendered in-text in red.

Other original printing conventions have been followed, except for left quotation marks at the start of every line of quoted text. Sub-headings to sections have been treated uniformly—in the orignal some are centred, some have hanging first lines.

Some links have been inserted to provide for cross-references within the two volumes. Infelicities and mistakes here are the transcriber’s fault.

The Commentators' content

Since a large part of the interest of this book relates to the commentaries provided by J.S. Mill and his colleagues, and since no guide is given to them in the actual Table of Contents, a simple list of the more important comments is subjoined (items in bold are more substantial contributions) with the main sections of the original book indicated:

Author	Topic	Page/Note
Volume 1
Author	INTRODUCTION	[1]
Author	CHAPTER I. Sensation	[2]
Bain	muscular feelings and digestive sensibility	[note 1]
Author	SECTION 1. Smell	[7]
Bain	arranging the senses	[note 2]
Mill	the meaning of ‘smell’	[note 3]
Author	SECTION 2. Hearing	[16]
Mill	the meaning of ‘hearing’	[note 4]
Author	SECTION 3. Sight	[21]
Mill	the meaning of ‘sight’	[note 5]
Mill	the meaning of ‘vision’	[note 6]
Author	SECTION 4. Taste	[25]
Mill	some physiologists’ view of taste	[note 7]
Mill	the meaning of ‘taste’	[note 8]
Author	SECTION 5. Touch	[28]
Bain	touch	[note 9]
Bain	the subjectivity of the sensations of hot and cold	[note 10]
Mill	the meaning of ’touch’	[note 11]
Bain	the sense of touch	[note 12]
Author	SECTION 6. Sensations ofDisorganization, etc.	[37]
Mill	the meaning of ‘itching’	[note 13]
Bain	organic sensibilities	[note 14]
Author	SECTION 7. MuscularSensations, etc.	[40]
Author	SECTION 8. Sensations inthe Alimentary Canal	[45]
Bain	pleasure of opium or alcohol not a matter of association	[note 16]
Bain	digestion and not noticing sensations	[note 17]
Author	CHAPTER II. Ideas	[51]
Bain	discrimination and retentiveness	[note 18]
Mill	the idea of resistance	[note 19]
Bain	feelings of muscular action, not primarily a matter of Will	[note 20]
Bain	hunger and thirst	[note 21]
Mill	meaning of ‘indigestion,’ ‘hunger,’ ‘thirst’	[note 22]
Bain	sensation and idea compared	[note 23]
Mill	can we have ideas of ideas? ideas of historical or fictional people	[note 24]
Author	CHAPTER III. The Association of Ideas	[70]
Bain	possibility of synchronous sensations	[note 25]
Bain	a limitation to association, need for unique link	[note 26]
Bain	difference between transient and permanent recollections	[note 27]
Mill	vividness	[note 28]
Bain	sight	[note 29]
Mill	exposition of ‘ideas which it is not in our power to combine’	[note 30]
Bain	emotional reactions more than association	[note 31]
Mill	‘laws of obliviscence’	[note 32]
Bain	visual sensations usually overlooked	[note 33]
Mill	accounts of unnoticed feelings	[note 34]
Mill	attempted reduction of association by resemblance to association by contiguity	[note 35]
Bain	association of ideas	[note 38]
Mill	rejecting contrast as a principle of association	[note 39]
Author	CHAPTER IV. Naming	[127]
Author	SECTION 1. Nouns Substantive	[134]
Findlater	origin of names of objects	[note 41]
Mill	utility of names of classes	[note 42]
Mill	‘heat’ etc. as names only of sensations not of ideas	[note 43]
Mill	Locke’s ‘mixed modes’	[note 44]
Author	SECTION 2. Nouns Adjective	[134]
Mill	class names and utility of adjectives	[note 45]
Author	SECTION 3. Verbs	[151]
Mill	omission of predication among functions of general names	[note 46]
Mill	verbs	[note 47]
Author	SECTION 4. Predication	[159]
Mill	predication	[note 48]
Mill	further remark on predication	[note 49]
Mill	differentia, proprium and accidens	[note 50]
Mill	predication	[note 51]
Findlater	predication in non-Indo-European languages	[note 53]
Mill	predication and existence-claims	[note 54]
Mill	absence of belief in author’s account of predication	[note 55]
Mill	criticism of author’s account of syllogisms	[note 57]
Mill	names of names, genus and species	[note 58]
Author	SECTION 5. Pronouns	[194]
Findlater	relative and demonstrative pronouns	[note 59]
Author	SECTION 6. Adverbs	[199]
Mill	adverbial modification	[note 60]
Author	SECTION 7. Prepositions	[201]
Findlater	etymology of prepositions	[note 61]
Author	SECTION 8. Conjunctions	[212]
Findlater	conjunctions	[note 62]
Findlater	‘but’	[note 63]
Findlater	etymology of ‘if’	[note 64]
Findlater	etymology of ‘because’	[note 65]
Author	CHAPTER V. Consciousness	[223]
Bain	consciousness	[note 74]
Mill	consciousness	[note 75]
Author	CHAPTER VI. Conception	[233]
Mill	conceptions/general ideas	[note 76]
Author	CHAPTER VII. Imagination	[238]
Bain	the imagination	[note 77]
Author	CHAPTER VIII. Classification	[247]
Mill	utility of class names	[note 78]
Grote	Greek views of classification and abstraction	[note 79]
Mill	classification	[note 80]
Author	CHAPTER IX. Abstraction	[294]
Mill	general names	[note 81]
Mill	rejecting the author’s use of ‘connote’	[note 82]
Mill	abstract names	[note 83]
Findlater	etymology of abstract names	[note 86]
Author	CHAPTER X. Memory	[318]
Bain	mention of compound association	[note 88]
Mill	need for belief as a component of memory	[note 91]
Bain	the cessation of sensations	[note 93]
Mill	difference between memory and imagination	[note 94]
Author	CHAPTER XI. Belief	[341]
Mill	belief as constituent of memory and judgment	[note 95]
Mill	different uses of ‘belief’	[note 97]
Mill	why people do not seek a cause for a first cause	[note 100]
Mill	inseparable associations	[note 102]
Bain	belief in the uniformity of nature	[note 103]
Bain	qualification of the author’s remark about sight	[note 104]
Bain	terror and belief	[note 105]
Bain	testimony	[note 106]
Bain	belief	[note 107]
Mill	belief	[note 108]
Author	CHAPTER XII. Ratiocination	[424]
Mill	reasoning	[note 109]
Author	CHAPTER XIII. Evidence	[428]
Mill	evidence	[note 110]
Mill	belief in an external world	[Appendix]
Volume 2
Author	CHAPTER XIV. Some Names which require a particular Explanation	[1]
Author	SECTION 1. Names of Names	[3]
Mill	names of names	[note 2]
Author	SECTION 2. Relative Terms	[6]
Mill	relations	[note 3]
Bain	consciousness requiring change, relative names	[note 4]
Bain	similarity and difference	[note 5]
Mill	similarity	[note 6]
Mill	succession, antecedent and consequent	[note 7]
Mill	lines, geometrical and physical,	[note 8]
Bain	sight and space	[note 9]
Bain	the feeling of resistance	[note 10]
Mill	casual sequences	[note 12]
Mill	the meaning of relative names	[note 13]
Mill	quantity	[note 14]
Mill	quality	[note 15]
Mill	objects	[note 16]
Mill	more and less	[note 17]
Mill	why the succession of ideas is not the same in all people, simultaneous ideas and memory	[note 18]
Author	Abstract Relative Terms	[72]
Mill	abstract relative terms	[note 19]
Mill	causation not connoting present time	[note 20]
Mill	‘relative’ and ‘related’	[note 21]
Author	SECTION 3. Numbers	[ 89]
Mill	connotation and denotation of number words	[note 22]
Grote	Greek view of number	[note 23]
Author	SECTION 4. Privative Terms	[ 99]
Mill	author’s use of ‘privative’	[note 24]
Mill	‘silence’ ‘nothing’	[note 25]
Mill	space	[note 26]
Mill	infinity	[note 27]
Author	SECTION 5. Time	[ 116]
Mill	time	[note 29]
Grote	Aristotle on time	[note 30]
Author	SECTION 6. Motion	[ 142]
Bain	resistance, motion, etc.	[note 31]
Mill	extensive quotation from Herbert Spencer on feelings of motion and extension	[note 32]
Author	SECTION 7. Identity	[ 164]
Mill	personal identity	[note 33]
Author	CHAPTER XV. Reflection	[176]
Mill	attention as a separate feature	[note 34]
Author	CHAPTER XVI. The Distinction between the Intellectual and Active Powers etc.	[181]
Bain	need for separate consideration of emotion	[note 35]
Author	CHAPTER XVII. Pleasurable and Painful Sensations	[184]
Mill	nature of pleasurable sensations	[note 36]
Author	CHAPTER XVIII. Causes of the Pleasurable and Painful Sensations	[187]
Author	CHAPTER XIX. Ideas of the Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, and of theCauses of them	[189]
Mill	desire and aversion	[note 37]
Author	CHAPTER XX. The Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or future	[196]
Mill	expectation	[note 38]
Mill	‘hope’ and ‘fear’	[note 39]
Author	CHAPTER XXI. The Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or future	[201]
Author	SECTION 1. The immediate Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, etc.	[201]
Mill	a problem for author’s account of memory and expectation	[note 40]
Bain	distinction between aversion and fear	[note 41]
Author	SECTION 2. The Remote Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations etc.	[206]
Mill	notion that there are no ideas without momentary belief in the existence of their objects	[note 42]
Mill	pains or pleasures of others	[note 43]
Bain	emotions and the tender feeling	[note 44]
Mill	author’s dealings with the emotions	[note 45]
Mill	pleasure in music	[note 46]
Mill	pleasure in colours	[note 47]
Mill	beauty and sublimity (with reference to Ruskin)	[note 48]
Author	CHAPTER XXII. Motives	[256]
Author	SECTION 1. Pleasurable or Painful States, etc.	[256]
Mill	motives, quotation from another work of the author on motives	[note 49]
Author	SECTION 2. Causes of our Pleasurable and Painful States, etc.	[265]
Mill	what intensifies patriotic feelings	[note 50]
Author	CHAPTER XXIII. The Acts of our Fellow-creatures, etc.	[280]
Bain	prudence and courage	[note 52]
Bain	checks to beneficence	[note 53]
Mill	posthumous fame	[note 54]
Mill	a motive for suicide	[note 55]
Mill	‘praiseworthy’ as deserving praise, not merely likely to obtain praise	[note 56]
Bain	incompleteness of author’s account of the moral sentiment	[note 57]
Mill	moral sentiments, with quotation from another work by the author; duty and punishment	[note 58]
Author	CHAPTER XXIV. The Will	[327]
Mill	internal bodily actions	[note 59]
Bain	winking under threat of a blow to the eyes	[note 60]
Bain	‘fixed ideas’	[note 61]
Bain	shedding tears or laughing	[note 62]
Mill	the will	[note 63]
Bain	trying to remember	[note 64]
Bain	dreams	[note 65]
Mill	attention	[note 66]
Mill	a gap in author’s account of voluntary action	[note 67]
Bain	the will	[note 68]
Author	CHAPTER XXV. Intention	[396]
Mill	intention	[note 69]

ANALYSIS
OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE
HUMAN MIND