Datŭmpa´ta—Hidatsa name, according to old T'ebodal. Perhaps another form of
Witapähätu or Witapätu, q. v.
Gâ´-i-gwŭ—The proper name as used by the tribe, and also the name of one of the
tribal divisions. The name may indicate a people having two halves or parts of
the body or face painted in different colors ([see the glossary]). From this come
all the various forms of Caygua and Kiowa.
Cahiaguas—Escudero, Noticias Nuevo Mexico, 87, 1849.
Cahiguas—Ibid., 83.
Caiawas—H. R. Rept., 44th Cong., 1st sess., I, 299, 1876.
Caigua—Spanish document of 1735, title in Rept. Columbian Hist. Exposition, Madrid,
323, 1895.
Caihuas—Document of 1828, in Soc. Geogr. Mex., 265, 1870. This form occurs also in
Mayer, Mexico, II, 123, 1853.
Caiwas—American Pioneer, I, 257, 1842.
Cargua—Spanish document of 1732, title in Rept. Columbian Hist. Exp., Madrid,
323, 1895 (for Caigua).
Cayanwa—Lewis, Travels, 15, 1809 (for Cayauwa).
Caycuas—Barreiro, Ojeada Sobre Nuevo Mexico, app., 10, 1832.
Cayguas—Villaseñor, Teatro Americano, pt. 2, 413, 1748. This is the common Spanish
form, written also Caygüa, and is nearly identical with the proper tribal name.
Cayugas—Bent, 1846, in California Mess. and Corresp., 193,
1850 (for Cayguas).
Ciawis—H. R. Rept., 44th Cong., 1st sess., I, 299, 1876.
Gahe´wă—Wichita name.
Gai´wa—Omaha and Ponka name, according to Francis La Flesche.
Kaiawas—Gallatin, in Trans. Am. Eth. Soc., II, 20, 1848.
Kaí-ó-wás—Whipple, Pacific Railroad Report, pt. I, 31, 1856.
Kaiowan—Hodge, MS. Pueblo notes, 1895, in Bur. Am. Eth.
(Sandia name).
Kaiowe´—Powell fide Gatschet, Sixth Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth.,
XXXIV, 1888.
Kaî-wa—Comanche name, from the proper form Gâ´-i-gŭa. As
the Comanche is the trade language of the southern plains, this form,
with slight variations, has been adopted by most of the neighboring
tribes and by the whites. The same word in the Comanche language also
signifies "mouse." The form Kai-wa is that used by the Pueblo
Indians of Cochiti, Isleta, San Felipe, and Santa Ana—Hodge,
MS. Pueblo notes, 1895, in Bur. Am. Eth.
Kai-wane´—Hodge, MS. Pueblo notes, 1895, in Bur. Am. Eth. (Picuris name).
Keawas—Porter, 1829, in Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes, III, 596, 1853.
Keaways—Farnham, Travels, 29, 1843.
Ki´-â-wâ—Lewis, Report, 1805, in Mess. from the President
Communicating Discoveries by Lewis and Clark, etc, 37, 1806.
Kiaways—Gallatin, in Trans. American Ethn. Soc., II, cvii,
1848.
Kinawas—Gallatin, in Trans. American Antiq. Soc., II, 133,
1836 (misprint).
Kiniwas—Wilkes, U. S. Exploring Exped., IV, 473, 1845
(misprint).
Kiovas—Möllhausen, Journey to the Pacific, I, 158, 1858
(misprint).
Kiowas—Rept. Comm'r Ind. Affairs, 240, 1834. This is the
American official and geographic form; pronounced Kai´-o-wa.
Kiowahs—Davis, El Gringo, 17, 1857.
Kioways—Brackenridge, Views of Louisiana, 80, 1814.
Kiwaa—Kendall, Santa Fé Ex., I, 198, 1844 (given as the
pronunciation of Caygüa).
Kuyawas—Sage, Scenes in the Rocky Mountains, 167, 1846.
Kyaways—Pike (1807), Expedition, app. II, 16, 1810.
Riana—Kennedy, Texas, I, 189, 1841 (double misprint).
Ryawas—Morse, Rept. on Ind. Aff., app., 367, 1822 (misprint).
Ryuwas—Brackenridge, Views of Louisiana, 85, 1814 (misprint).
Ko´mpabi´ănta—"Large tipi flaps," a name sometimes used
by the Kiowa to designate themselves.
Kompa´go—An abbreviated form of Ko´mpabi´anta.
Kwu´'dă´—"Coming out" or "going out;" the most ancient name by which the
Kiowa designated themselves. See [Te´pdă´].
Na'la´ni—"Many aliens," or "many enemies;" the collective Navaho name for the
southern plains tribes, particularly the Comanche and Kiowa.
Nĭ´chihinĕ´na—"Rivermen," the Arapaho name, from nĭ´chia river and hinĕ´na (singular
hinĕ´n) men. The Kiowa are said to have been so called from their long residence
on the upper Arkansas.
Ni-ci´-he-nen-a—Hayden, Ethn. and Phil. Missouri Valley, 326, 1862.
Nitchihi—Gatschet in American Antiquarian, IV, 281, 1881.
Shi´sh-i-nu´-wut-tsi´t-a-ni-o—Hayden, Ethn. and Phil. Missouri Val., 290, 1862. Improperly
given as the Cheyenne name for the Kiowa and rendered "rattlesnake
people." The proper form is Shĭ´shĭnu´wut-tsĭtäni´u, "snake [not rattlesnake] people,"
and is the Cheyenne name for the Comanche, not the Kiowa, whom the
Cheyenne call Witapä´tu. The mistake arose from the fact that the Comanche
and Kiowa are confederated.
Te´pdă´—"Coming out," "going out," "issuing" (as water from a spring, or ants
from a hole); an ancient name used by the Kiowa to designate themselves, but
later than Kwu´`da, q. v. The two names, which have the same meaning, may
refer to their mythic origin or to their coming into the plains region. The name
Te´pdă´ may have been substituted for Kwu´`da´, in accordance with a custom of
the tribe, on account of the death of some person bearing a name suggestive of
the earlier form.
Tepk`i´ñägo—"People coming out," another form of Te´pdă´.
Wi´tapähä´tu—The Dakota name, which the Dakota commonly render as people of
the "island butte," from wita, island, and pähä, locative pähäta, a butte. They
are unable to assign any satisfactory reason for such a name. See [Witapähät].
T'häpet'häpa´yit'he—Arbuthnut letter in Bur. Am. Eth. (given as the Cheyenne name
for the Kiowa).
Vi´täpä´tu´i—Name used for the Kiowa by the Sutaya division of the Cheyenne.
Watakpahata—Mallery in Fourth Ann. Rep. Bur. Eth., 109, 1886.
Wate-pana-toes—Brackenridge, Views of Louisiana, 85, 1814 (misprint).
Watepaneto—Drake, Book of Indians, xii, 1848 (misprint).
Wetahato—Lewis, Travels, 15, 1809 (misprint).
Wetapahato—Lewis and Clark, Expedition, Allen ed., I, 34, map, 1814.
We-te-pâ-hâ´-to—Lewis, Report, 1805, in Mess. from the President Communicating
Discoveries by Lewis and Clark, etc, 36, 1806. (Incorrectly given as distinct
from the Kiowa, but allied to them.)
Wetopahata—Mallery, in Fourth Ann. Rep. Bur. Eth., 109, 1886.
Wettaphato—Morse, Report on Indian Affairs, app., 366, 1882.
Wi´tăpähät, Wităp´ätu—Cheyenne forms, derived from the Dakota form Witapähätu, or
vice versa. The Dakota render the name "island butte." Attempts have been
made to translate it from the Cheyenne language as people with "cheeks painted
red" (wi´tapa, red paint; tu, cheek bone), but there is no evidence that this habit
was specially characteristic of the Kiowa. It may possibly be derived from the
ancient name Te´pdă´, q.v.