Seven Hardy Perennial Plants which Bloom in the Early Spring

As pictured in the Mary Frances Garden Cut-Out [No. 1].

Common Name.	Botanical Name.	Remarks.	Height.
Rock-cress.	Ar-a-bis Al-pi-na.	Little white flowersblooming in early Spring.	6-8 inches.
English Daisies.	Bel-lis Per-en-nis.	Little white and pink flowers, blooming inApril and May. Pretty among Poet’sNarcissus, or mixed in anedging.	3-6 inches.
Bleeding Hearts.*	Di-el-y-tra.	Pink heart-shaped dropson graceful stem. Raised from plants only. Buy clumps in the Fall.	24 inches.
Moss Pinks.	Phlox Sub-u-la-ta.	White, rose, lilac, little flowers bloomingin April and May. Blooms make a carpet offlowers. Buy only a few plants asthey soon spread.	4-6 inches.
Violets.		There are native and double Russian varieties. Buy plants ofsweet-scented doubleRussian variety.	4 inches.
Yellow Alyssum“Basket of Gold.”	A-lys-sum Sax-a-tile.	Little yellow clustered heads of flowers. Pretty for edging flowerbeds. Sow seed in August.	12 inches.
Wallflower.		Not perfectly hardy inall places. Fragrant brown and yellowflowers. Plant seeds in August, ina protected southerncorner, where they may“winter over” if theweather is not verysevere. Plant needs sun.	15 inches.
In order to obtain good Spring blooms, plant these flowers in August of the Summer before, or earlier.

* If garden space is small, select only the names marked with a star.

MARY FRANCES GARDEN CUT-OUT
No. 1
For description of the flowers shown here see [Chapter VII].
List of flowers shown in the Early Spring Hardy Garden

Snowdrops,
Narcissus or Daffodils,
Cottage Garden Tulips,
Darwin Tulips,
Hyacinths,
Rock-cress,
English Daisies,
Bleeding Hearts,
Moss Pinks,
Violets,
Yellow Alyssum
Wall Flower.
Sundial

MARY FRANCES GARDEN CUT-OUT
No. 2
For description of the flowers shown here see [Chapter VII].
List of flowers shown in the Early Summer Hardy Garden

Yellow Alyssum,
Columbine,
German Iris,
Lily-of-the-Valley,
Anchusa,
Lupines,
Tufted Pansies,
Bleeding Hearts,
Hardy Candytuft,
Forget-me-not,
Perennial Cornflower.

[CHAPTER VIII]
Early Summer Garden

LIST No. 2
Eleven Hardy Perennial Plants which Bloom in the Early Summer

As pictured in the Mary Frances Garden Cut-Out [No. 2].

Common Name.	Botanical Name.	Remarks.	Height.
Yellow Alyssum.*	A-lys-sum Sax-a-tile.	See [List No. 1] for description.	12 inches.
Columbine.	A-qui-le-gi-a.	Airy, graceful plants,with spurred flowers, inred, blue, violet, white,yellow. Buy the seed of“Long Spurred Hybrids.”	18-24 inches.
German Iris (“Blue Flags”).	I-ris Ger-man-i-ca.	Lavender, purple, yellow, white. “Corm” roots which“winter over” and takecare of themselves,“coming” up every Springin increased numbers.	24-30 inches.
Lily of the Valley.	Con-val-la-ria.	Sweet-scented tiny white bells. Buy clumps and roots inSpring or Fall.	6 inches.
Alkanet or Bugloss.	An-chu-sa I-tal-i-ca.	Buy “Dropmore” variety. Blue flowers. Buy the plants.	36 inches.
Lupines.	Lu-pi-nus.	Varieties in blue, white, pink.	24-28 inches.
Tufted Pansies.*	Vi-o-la Cor-nu-ti.	Sow seed early. Resemble pansies, not solarge; but bloom allSummer.	5-8 inches.
Bleeding Hearts.	Di-el-y-tra.	See [List No. 1] for description.
Hardy Candytuft.*	I-be-ris.	Buy “Iberis Sempervirens”: white. Pretty for edging.	8-10 inches.
Forget-me-Not.	My-o-so-tis.	Buy “Myosotis PalustrisSemperflorens.” Sky-blue little flower.	8-10 inches.
Hardheads or Knap Weeds. Perennial Cornflower.	Cen-tau-re-a.	“Centaurea Montana” isknown as the PerennialBears largeviolet-blue flowers fromJuly to September.	2 feet.
Rambler roses also bloom in early Summer.

* If garden space is small, select only the names marked with a star.

MARY FRANCES GARDEN CUT-OUT
No. 3

For description of the flowers shown here see [Chapter IX]
List of flowers shown in the Mid-Summer Hardy Garden

Hardy Larkspur,
Pæony,
Anchusa,
Bellflower,
Madonna Lily,
Poppies,
Foxglove,
Sweet William,
Hardy Garden Pinks,
Marguerites,
Gaillardia,
Coreopsis,
Hardy Phlox,
Hardy Pyrethrums,
Tufted Pansies,
Baby’s Breath,
Hardy Candytuft,
Hollyhocks,
Veronica,
Japanese Bellflower,
Summer Violet.

[CHAPTER IX]
Mid-Summer Garden

LIST No. 3

Twenty-four Hardy Perennial Plants which Bloom in Mid-Summer
As pictured in the Mary Frances Garden Cut-Out [No. 3].

Common Name.	Botanical Name.	Remarks.	Height.
Hardy Lark-spur.*	Del-phin-i-um.	Order plants of varietiesnamed, “Belladonna” and“Formosum,” which areturquoise blue and darkblue. Buy the plants, or seeds.	24 inches.
Pæony.		Bloom but once in the season. Beautiful showy largerose-like flowers. Foliage of plant diesdown in Winter, coming upin young new “shoots” inthe Spring. Colors: red, pink andwhite. There is also a “tree”variety. Most pæonies bloom inearly Summer.	3 feet.
Alkanet or Bugloss.	An-chu-sa.	See [List No. 2] for description.
Bellflower.*	Cam-pa-nu-la.	Perennial Varieties: (a) Campanula Carpatica(Carpathian Hare-Bell).Bloom from June toOctober. Blue.	8 inches.
		(b) CampanulaPersicafolia (PeachBells). One of the best.Large blue, and whitevarieties.	2-3 feet.
		(c) CampanulaPyramidalis (The ChimneyBellflower). Statelypyramid form plant, withmany blue flowers. Thereis also a white variety. It is best to buy plantsof the above. Note.—There are alsobiennial varieties ofCampanula; namely,Campanula Medium orCanterbury Bells, andCampanula Calycanthema(Cup and Saucer).Biennial means of twoseason’s duration.	4-5 feet.
Madonna Lily.*	Li-li-um Can-di-dum.	Pure white lilies,resembling Easter Lilies,growing on strong stems.Plant in the Fall (orpossibly in the earlySpring), 6 inches deep,preferably in the shadeof some other perennial.Lay bulbs on the sidewhen planting.	2-3 feet.
Oriental Poppy.	Pa-pa-ver O-ri-en-tal-is.	Very large showy poppiesin various colors. Buy plants in clumps inAugust.	36 inches.
Foxglove.	Dig-i-tal-is.	See tall flowers picturedon cover of this book. Various colors.	36 inches.
Sweet William.*	Di-an-thus Bar-ba-tus.	Red, white and various colors. See [Garden for LittleFolks].	18 inches.
Hardy Garden Pinks.*	Di-an-thus Sem-per-flo-rens.	Buy plants. Various colors.Old-fashioned favorites,with spicy odor. Excellent for cutting. Also: “DianthusLatifolius Atcroccineus.”Hybrid Sweet-William,with brilliant crimsondouble flowers, bloomingall Summer.	6-12 inches.
Iceland Poppy.*	Pa-pa-ver.	Buy “Papaver Nudicaule” mixed seed. See description in [Gardenfor Little Folks].	9-15 inches.
Marguerite.*	An-the-mis Tinc-to-ri-a.	Buy “Anthemis Tinctoria.” Color: yellow. Buy plant.	15 inches.
Coreopsis.*	Co-re-op-sis Lan-ce-o-la-ta.	See [Garden for LittleFolks] for description. Buy plant.	24 inches.
Blanket Flower.	Gail-lard-i-a.	Buy GaillardiaGrandiflora. Crimson andyellow. See [Garden for LittleFolks]. Sow seed early.	24 inches.
Hardy Phlox.*		Phlox Suffruticosa arethe Early-flowering HardyPhlox. Phlox Decussata are thelater Hardy Phlox, andare the variety mostused. All colors: Crimson,white, salmon pink, etc. See [List of HardyPerennials for LittleFolks Garden].
Hardy Pyrethrums.*	Py-re-thrum Hy-brid-um.	Red, rose, white flowers. See [Garden for LittleFolks].	18-24 inches.
Tufted Pansies.*	Vi-o-la Cor-nu-ti.	See [List No. 2] for description.	3-6 inches.
Baby’s Breath.	Gyp-so-phi-la Pa-nic-u-la-ta.	Tiny white misty flowers,beautiful to use inbouquets, making a“cobwebby” filmy sprayover the flowers.	20-30 inches.
Hardy Candytuft.	I-be-ris Sem-per-vi-rens.	White low-growingflowers.	8-10 inches.
Hollyhocks.*		A grandmother’sfavorite—picturesque ina garden background. Red,white, yellow, rose,pink. Cut down the stalks whenthe seeds are dry. Plant seeds; they willbloom the next season.	5-8 feet.
Speedwell.	Ve-ron-i-ca.	Blue, rose, white. Plant seeds in August.	12-24 inches.
Hybrid Tea Roses.		See [Chapter XXXV] on Roses.
Japanese Bellflower. Balloon Flower.	Plat-y-co-don.	Blue, and white flowers;deep-cupped and starshaped. Buds resembletiny balloons. Easilygrown. Buy plants.
Yellow Day Lily.	Hem-e-ro-cal-lis.	Yellow and orange tall lilies. These are not pictured inthe Cut-outs, but arevery similar to themadonna lily in form.They will grow in theshade.	18-36 inches.
Summer Violet.	Vi-o-la Cor-nu-ti Pur-pu-re-a.	Resembles single violets,and very desirable, forflowers appear whenblooming season ofviolets is passed.	4 inches.

* If garden space is small, select only the names marked with a star.

Turn to [Chapter LX] on “Garden Color-Pictures,” to read about combinations of color for the garden.

[CHAPTER X]
Autumn Garden

LIST No. 4
Thirteen Hardy Perennial Plants which Bloom in the Early and Late Fall

As pictured in the Mary Frances Garden Cut-Out [No. 4].

Common Name.	Botanical Name.	Remarks.	Height.
Hardy Larkspur.	Del-phin-i-um.	See [List No. 3] fordescription.
Monks Hood.	Ac-o-ni-tum.	Curiously shaped blue andwhite flowers. Will growin shade. Buy the plants.	3-5 feet.
Hardy Phlox.*		See [List of HardyPerennials for LittleFolks Garden].
Sneezewort.	He-len-i-um.	Yellow, old-gold,changing to terra-cotta,daisy-like flowers. Buy “Riverton Gem,”“Riverton Beauty.” Plant seed in August, orbuy the plants.	36 inches.
Hardy Asters* (“Starwort”).	Mich-ael-mas Dai-sies.	See [Garden for LittleFolks] for description.	36 inches.
Hardy Chrysanthemums.*		All colors except blue and purple.	15-24 inches.
Wind Flower.	A-nem-o-ne Ja-pon-i-ca.	Rose, pink, whiteflowers. If grown fromseed, protect withshade-cover untilstarted. Cover well in the Fallwith straw or leaves.Will not grow in allsoils.	2-4 feet.
Blanket Flower.	Gail-lard-i-a.	See [Garden for LittleFolks] for description.
Coreopsis.*		See [Garden for LittleFolks] for description.
Red Hot Poker. Flame Flower. Torch Lily.	Tri-to-ma.	Yellow-orange-scarletshowy flowers hangingdownward in long clusterson “spike” heads. Buy plants. Not shown inthe Cut-Out.	36 inches.
Tufted Pansies.	Vi-o-la Cor-nu-ta.	See [List No. 3] fordescription.
Hybrid Tea Roses.		See [Chapter XXXV] onRoses.
Thoroughwort.*	Eu-pa-to-ri-um.	See [Garden for LittleFolks] for description.
Note.—Most seed houses furnish collections of seeds of Wild Flowers. Theymay be had in tall-growing and dwarf varieties for a very reasonable price.

* If garden space is small, select only the names marked with a star.

MARY FRANCES GARDEN CUT-OUT
No. 4

For description of the flowers shown here see [Chapter X].
List of flowers shown in the Early and Late Fall Hardy Garden

Hardy Larkspur,
Monk’s Hood,
Hardy Phlox,
Helenium,
Hardy Asters,
Hardy Chrysanthemums,
Anemone,
Japanese Wind Flower,
Gaillardia,
Coreopsis,
Tufted Pansies,
Eupatorium.

[CHAPTER XI]
Some Favorite Annuals

A few Annuals may well be added to these lists. Even though Annuals must be planted every Spring, there are many worth the trouble; in fact, a garden would look lonesome without some of the old favorites.

A very convenient arrangement is to give one bed in the vegetable garden to the starting of Annuals.

The plants may be moved, when some size, to the hardy garden, near the place of some of the Perennials which die down; for instance, hyacinths, tulips, and other bulbs. Indeed, those having short roots may be placed directly over the bulbs after their leaves have withered and dried.

A border of low-growing Annuals along the vegetable beds makes the vegetable garden a place of beauty.

If you live where there is snow in Winter, in order to have early Summer blooms, the seeds must be started early, under glass protection, in a sunny window, or in a hotbed. A box with a glass cover is a good substitute for a hotbed. If the seeds of Annuals are planted out of doors, they rarely bloom before Mid-Summer, while many Perennials, which have been out all Winter, bloom in early Spring. Select from the following lists the flowers which from the description are most pleasing to you.