EDITOR’S PREFACE.
A MAN may not only “take his own life,” by writing his autobiography, without committing felo de se, but may carry himself into future time by producing a book which the world will not willingly let die. This is what M. Robert-Houdin, the greatest artist in what is called Conjuring, has lately done in the remarkable book Confidences d’un Prestigiteur, a faithful translation of which is here presented to the American reading public. The work has had the greatest success in Europe, from its lively style as well as the various information it contains, historical and philosophical, on the practice and principles of sleight-of-hand, and the other details, mental as well as mechanical, which unite to make perfect the exhibition of White Magic, the antipodes of what our forefathers knew, persecuted, and punished as the Black Art.
Houdin has been considered of such importance and interest in France, that in Didot’s Nouvelle Biographie Générale, now in course of publication at Paris, a whole page is given to him. From this memoir, and from his own account in the pages which follow, we learn that he was born at Blois, on the 6th December, 1805,—that his father, a watchmaker in that city, gave him a good education at the College of Orleans,—that his inclination for escamotage (or juggling) was so decided as to make him averse to pursue his father’s trade,—that he early exhibited great taste for mechanical inventions, which he so successfully cultivated that, at the Paris Exhibition of 1844, he was awarded a medal for the ingenious construction of several automata,—that, having studied the displays of the great masters on the art of juggling, he opened a theatre of his own, in the Palais Royal in Paris, to which his celebrated soirées fantastiques attracted crowds,—that, in 1848, when the Revolution had ruined all theatrical speculations in Paris, he visited London, where his performances at St. James’s Theatre were universally attractive and lucrative,—that he made a tour through Great Britain with equal success, returning to Paris when France had settled down quietly under the rule of a President,—that he subsequently visited many other parts of Europe, every where received with distinction and applause,—that at the Great Parisian Exhibition of 1855, he was awarded the gold medal for his scientific application of electricity to clocks,—that, shortly after, he closed ten years of active public life by relinquishing his theatre to Mr. Hamilton, his brother-in-law, retiring with a well-earned competency to Blois,—and that, in 1857, at the special request of the French Government, which desired to lessen the influence of the Marabouts, whose conjuring tricks, accepted as actual magic by the Arabs, gave them too much influence, he went to Algeria, as a sort of Ambassador, to play off his tricks against theirs, and, by greater marvels than they could shew, destroy the prestige which they had acquired. He so completely succeeded that the Arabs lost all faith in the miracles of the Marabouts, and thus was destroyed an influence very dangerous to the French Government.
In his retirement, to which he has returned, Houdin wrote his Confidences, and is now devoting himself to scientific researches connected with electricity. Before the appearance of his own work, M. Hatin had published, in 1857, Robert-Houdin, sa vie, ses œuvres, son théâtre.
The French and English critics have generally and warmly eulogized M. Houdin’s Confidences, and I am persuaded that, on this side of the Atlantic, it will be considered an instructive as well as an amusing volume.
One error which M. Houdin makes must not be passed over. His account of M. de Kempelen’s celebrated automaton chess-player (afterwards Maëlzel’s) is entirely wrong. This remarkable piece of mechanism was constructed in 1769, and not in 1796; it was the Empress Maria-Theresa of Austria who played with it, and not Catherine II. of Russia; it was in 1783 that it first visited Paris, where it played at the Café de la Régence; it was not taken to London until 1784; and again in 1819; it was brought to America in 1825, by M. Maëlzel, and visited our principal cities, its chief resting-place being Philadelphia; M. Maëlzel’s death was in 1838, on the voyage from Cuba to the United States, and not, as M. Houdin says, on his return to France; and the automaton, so far from being taken back to France, was sold by auction here, finally purchased by the late Dr. J. K. Mitchell, of Philadelphia, reconstructed by him, and finally deposited in the Chinese Museum, (formerly Peale’s,) where it was consumed in the great fire which destroyed the National Theatre, (now the site of the Continental Hotel, corner of Ninth and Chestnut streets,) and extending to the Chinese Museum, burnt it down on July 5th, 1854. An interesting account of the Automaton Chess-Player, written by Professor George Allen, of this city, will be found in “The Book of the First American Chess Congress,” recently published in New York.
M. Houdin is engaged now in writing a volume explaining the manner in which sleight-of-hand and other conjuring tricks and deceptions are performed.
I have added an [Index] to this volume, which I trust will be accepted as useful.
R. Shelton Mackenzie.
CONTENTS.
| [CHAPTER I.] | |
| PAGE | |
My Birth and Parentage—My Home—The Lessons of ColonelBernard—Paternal Ambition—My first Mechanical Attempts—HadI but a Rat!—A Prisoner’s Industry—The Abbé Larivière—MyWord of Honor—Farewell to my darling Tools. | [17] |
| [CHAPTER II.] | |
A Country Idler—Dr. Carlosbach, Conjurer and Professor of Mystification—TheSand-bag and the Stirrup Trick—I turn Lawyer’sClerk, and the Minutes appear to me very long—A smallAutomaton—A respectful Protest—I mount a Step in the Office—AMachine of Porter’s Power—The Acrobatic Canaries—MonsieurRoger’s Remonstrances—My Father decides that I shallfollow my bent. | [26] |
| [CHAPTER III.] | |
My Cousin Robert—The most important Event in my Life—Howa Man becomes a Sorcerer—My first Sleight-of-Hand Feat—Anutter Failure—Practising the Eye and the Hand—Curious Experimentin Prestidigitation—Monsieur Noriet—An Action moreingenious than delicate—I am Poisoned—Influence of Delirium. | [42] |
| [CHAPTER IV.] | |
I return to Life—A strange Doctor—Torrini and Antonio: a Conjurerand a Fanatic for Music—A Murderer’s Confession—Aperambulating House—The Fair at Angers—A portable Theatre—Iwitness for the first Time a Conjuring Performance—Theblind Man’s Game at Piquet—A Dangerous Rival—SignorCastelli eats a Man alive. | [55] |
| [CHAPTER V.] | |
Antonio’s Confessions—How to gain Public Applause—The Countde ——, Mountebank—I repair an Automaton—A Mechanician’sShop on Wheels—Nomadic Life—Happy Existence—Torrini’sLessons—His Opinions about Sleight-of-Hand—A FashionableGreek, Victim of his own Swindling—The Conjurer Comus—ADuel at Piquet—Torrini proclaimed Conqueror—Revelations—NewCatastrophe—Poor Torrini! | [73] |
| [CHAPTER VI.] | |
Torrini relates his Life—Treachery of Chevalier Pinetti—A Conjurerthrough Malice—A Race between two Magicians—Deathof Pinetti—Exhibits before Pius VII.—The Cardinal’s Chronometer—TwelveHundred Francs spent on a Trick—Antonioand Antonia—The most bitter of Mystifications—Constantinople. | [90] |
| [CHAPTER VII.] | |
Continuation of Torrini’s History—The Grand Turk orders aPerformance—A marvellous Trick—A Page cut in two—PityingProtest of the Harem—Agreeable Surprise—Return toFrance—Torrini’s Son Killed—Madness—Decay—My firstPerformance—An annoying Accident—I return Home. | [121] |
| [CHAPTER VIII.] | |
The Prodigal Son—Mademoiselle Houdin—I go to Paris—MyMarriage—Comte—Studies of the Public—A skillful Manager—Rose-coloredTickets—A Musky Style—The King of Hearts—Ventriloquism—TheMystifiers Mystified—Father Roujol—Julesde Rovère—Origin of the word prestidigitateur. | [136] |
| [CHAPTER IX.] | |
Celebrated Automata—A Brazen Fly—The Artificial Man—AlbertusMagnus and St. Thomas d’Aquinas—Vaucanson—HisDuck—His Flute-Player—Curious Details—The AutomatonChess-Player—Interesting Episode—Catherine II. and M. deKempelen—I repair the Componium—Unexpected Success. | [155] |
| [CHAPTER X.] | |
An Inventor’s Calculations—One Hundred Thousand Francs a Yearby an Inkstand: Deception—My new Automata—The FirstMagician in France: Decadence—I meet Antonio—Bosco—TheTrick with the Cups—An Execution—Resurrection of theCriminals—Mistake in a Head—The Canary rewarded. | [176] |
| [CHAPTER XI.] | |
A Reverse of Fortune—Cookery and Clockwork—The Artist’sHome—Invention of an Automaton—Voluntary Exile—A modestVilla—The Inconveniences of a Speciality—Two AugustVisitors—The Throat of a mechanical Nightingale—The Tiouand the Rrrrrrrrouit—Seven Thousand Francs earned by makingFilings. | [192] |
| [CHAPTER XII.] | |
The Inventive Genius of a Sugar-baker—Philippe the Magician—HisComic Adventures—Description of his Performance—Expositionof 1844—The King and Royal Family visit my Automata. | [221] |
| [CHAPTER XIII.] | |
My proposed Reforms—I build a Theatre in the Palais Royal—Formalities—GeneralRehearsal—Singular Effect of my Performance—TheLargest and Smallest Theatre in Paris—Tribulation—Myfirst Performance—Panic—Discouragement—AFallible Prophet—Recovery—Success. | [234] |
| [CHAPTER XIV.] | |
New Studies—A Comic Journal—Invention of Second Sight—CuriousExperiments—An enthusiastic Spectator—Danger ofbeing a Sorcerer—A Philter or your Life—Way to get rid ofBores—An Electric Touch—I perform at the Vaudeville—Struggleswith the Incredulous—Interesting Details. | [253] |
| [CHAPTER XV.] | |
Seductions of a Theatrical Agent—How to gain One HundredThousand Francs—I start for Brussels—A lucky Two-SouPiece—Miseries of professional Travelling—The Park Theatre—Tyrannyof a Porter—Full House—Small Receipts—Deceptions—Returnto Paris. | [273] |
| [CHAPTER XVI.] | |
Reopening of my Fantastic Soirées—Minor Miseries of GoodLuck—Inconvenience of a small Theatre—My Room taken byStorm—A gratuitous Performance—A conscientious Audience—PleasantStory about a Black Silk Cap—I perform at the Châteauof St. Cloud—Cagliostro’s Casket—Holidays. | [294] |
| [CHAPTER XVII.] | |
New Experiments—Aërial Suspension, &c.—A Performance at theOdéon—A Friend in Need—1848—The Theatre deserted—Ileave Paris for London—Manager Mitchell—Publicity in England—TheGreat Wizard—A Butter-mould used as a Puff—SingularBills—A Prize for the best Pun. | [312] |
| [CHAPTER XVIII.] | |
The St. James’s Theatre—Invasion of England by French Performers—AFête patronised by the Queen—The Diplomatistand the Sleight-of-Hand Man—Three Thousand Pounds takenat one Haul—I perform at Manchester—The Spectators inthe Pillory—What capital Curaçoa!—A Torrent of Wine—ACatastrophe—Performance at Buckingham Palace—A Wizard’sRepast. | [330] |
| [CHAPTER XIX.] | |
An Optimist Manager—Three Spectators in a Room—A MagicalCollation—The Colchester Public and the Nuts—I return toFrance—I give up my Theatre—A Farewell Tour—I retireto St. Gervais—An Academician’s Predictions. | [359] |
| [CHAPTER XX.] | |
Travels in Algeria—Convocation of the Chieftains—Performancesbefore the Arabs—A Kabyle rendered powerless—Invulnerability—AMoor disappears—Panic and Flight of the Audience—Reconciliation—TheSect of Aïssaoua—Their pretendedMiracles. | [371] |
| [CHAPTER XXI.] | |
Excursion in the Interior of Africa—The Abode of a Bash-Aga—Acomical Repast—A Soirée of Arab Dignitaries—AMarabout mystified—Tent-life in Algeria—I return to France—Aterrible Storm—Conclusion. | [398] |
| [CHAPTER XXII.] | |
A Course of Miracles. | [422] |
[Index].[A],[B],[C],[D],[E],[F],[G],[H],[I],[J],[K],[L],[M],[N],[O],[P],[R],[S],[T],[U],[V],[W],[Z] | [437] |