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| PLATE I.— | [1. The Sacred Beetle. 2. The Sacred Beetle rolling his pill. 3. Rolling the pill tothe eating burrow] | Frontispiece |
| PLATE II.— | [Burrow and pear-shaped ball of the Sacred Beetle] | facing 20 |
| Fig. 1.— | [Section of the Sacred Beetle’s pill, showing the egg and the hatching-chamber] | 24 |
| PLATE III.— | [1. The Sacred Beetle pushing away and overturning a thieving friend who tries to forcehis assistance upon him. 2. Crypt in which the Beetle shapes a grub’s provision intoa pear] | facing 36 |
| Fig. 2.— | [The Sacred Beetle’s pill dug out cupwise to receive the egg] | 39 |
| Fig. 3.— | [Grub of the Sacred Beetle] | 46 |
| Fig. 4.— | [Digestive apparatus of the Sacred Beetle] | 47 |
| PLATE IV.— | [1 and 2. The Spanish Copris, male and female. 3. The pair jointly kneading the bigload, which, divided into egg-shaped pills, will furnish provisions for each grubof the brood. 4. The mother alone in her burrow: five pills are already finished;a sixth is in process of construction] | facing 72 |
| Fig. 5.— | [The Copris’s pill: first state] | 72 |
| Fig. 6.— | [The Spanish Copris’s pill dug out cupwise to receive the egg] | 73 |
| Fig. 7.— | [The Spanish Copris’s pill: section showing the hatching-chamber and the egg] | 73 |
| Fig. 8.— | [Phanæus Milo] | 102 |
| Fig. 9.— | [Work of Phanæus Milo. A, the whole piece, actual size. B, the same opened, showingthe pill of sausage-meat, the clay gourd, the chamber containing the egg and the ventilating-shaft] | 104 |
| Fig. 10.— | [Work of Phanæus Milo: the largest of the gourds observed (natural size)] [[x]] | 108 |
| PLATE V.— | [1. Onthophagus Taurus. 2. Onthophagus Vacca. 3. The Stercoraceous Geotrupe. 4. The Wide-necked Scarab. 5. Cleonus Ophthalmicus. 6. Cerceris Tuberculata. 7. Buprestis Ærea] | facing 80 |
| Fig. 11.— | [The Stercoraceous Geotrupe’s sausage] | 121 |
| Fig. 12.— | [Section of the Stercoraceous Geotrupe’s sausage at its lower end, showing the eggand the hatching-chamber] | 122 |
| PLATE VI.— | [Minotaurus Typhœus, male and female. Excavating Minotaurus’ burrow] | facing 132 |
| PLATE VII.— | [The Minotaurus couple engaged on miller’s and baker’s work] | facing 137 |
| PLATE VIII.— | [1. The Common or Garden Scolia. 2. The Two-banded Scolia. 3. Grub of Cetonia Aurata progressing on its back. 4. The Two-banded Scolia paralyzing a Cetonia grub. 5. Cetoniagrubs progressing on their backs, with their legs in the air; two are in a restingposition, rolled up] | facing 146 |
| PLATE IX.— | [1. Lycosa Narbonensis. 2. The Ringed Calicurgus. 3. Ammophila Hirsuta. 4. Ammophila Sabulosa. 5. Scroll of Rhynchites Vitis. 6. Scroll of Rhynchites Populi] | facing 162 |
| PLATE X.— | [The large glass case containing the Scorpions] | facing 226 |
| PLATE XI.— | [1. Nuptial allurements, showing “the straight bend.” 2. The wedding stroll. 3. Thecouple enter the nuptial dwelling] | facing 240 |
| PLATE XII.— | [1. The Languedocian Scorpion devouring a cricket. 2. After pairing-time: the femalefeasting on her Scorpion. 3. The mother and her family, with emancipation-time athand] | facing 252 |