J
j, n.m., the tenth letter of the alphabet, j.
☉jà, adv., already.
jable, n.m., cross-groove (cooper’s work).
jabler, v.a., to cross-groove (cooper’s work).
jabot, n.m., frill (of a shirt); crop, maw (of a bird). Faire —; to give one’s self airs. Se remplir le —; to have a blow-out.
jabotage, n.m., jabbering.
jaboter, v.n., to prattle, to chatter.
jaboteu-r, -se, n.m.f., chatterer, jabberer.
jabotière, n.f., frilling.
jacasse, n.f., (pop.) chatterer, prater, talkative female.
jacasser, v.n., to chatter (of the magpie); (fig.) to prate, to jabber.
jacée, n.f., (bot.) knapweed. — des blés; corn-flower.
jacent, -e, adj., (jur.) in abeyance.
jachère, n.f., fallow, fallow-ground. Terre en —; fallow-land. Être en —; to be fallow.
jachéré, -e, part., fallowed.
jachérer, v.a., to fallow.
jacinthe or hyacinthe, n.f., (bot., min.) hyacinth.
jacobée, n.f., (bot.) ragwort.
jacobin, n.m., jacobin friar, monk; Jacobin (ultra radical of the French revolution).
jacobinisme, n.m., Jacobinism.
jacobite, n.m. and adj., Jacobite.
jaconas, n.m., jaconet.
jacot, n.m. V. jacquot.
jacquart, n.m. Métier à la —; Jacquart loom.
jacquerie, n.f., jacquerie; rising of peasants.
jacques, n.m., James. — bonhomme; peasant, Hodge (nickname for French peasants as a class).
jacquot or jacot, n.m., gray parrot, poll; pug (monkey).
jactance, n.f., boasting, bragging, boast. Plein de —; boastful.
☉se jacter, v.r., to swagger, to brag.
jaculatoire, adj., ejaculatory, spouting.
jade, n.m., (min.) jade, ax-stone.
jadelle, judelle, n.f., (orni.) coot.
jadis (jâ-dîs), adv., of old, in days of yore, formerly. Au temps —; in days of old.
jaguar, n.m., (zoöl.) jaguar.
jaïet, n.m. V. jais.
*jaillir, v.n., to spout, to spout out, to gush, to gush out, to spurt out; to spring, to burst out. Faire —; to throw up.
*jaillissant, -e, adj., spouting, gushing; springing, bursting.
*jaillissement, n.m., spouting out, gushing out, spirting, shooting, flashing.
jais, n.m., jet.
jalage, n.m., (feudalism) duty on wine.
jalap (ja-lap), n.m., jalap.
jale, n.f., large bowl, tureen.
☉jalet, n.m., pebble-stone, pebble. Arc à —; stone-bow.
jalon, n.m., leveling-staff; surveying-staff; offset-staff; landmark; mark; indication.
jalonnement, n.m., (land surveying) staking out; marking out.
jalonner, v.n., to stake out; to place landmarks; to mark out, indicate.
jalonneur, n.m., (milit.) marker.
jalousement, adv., jealously.
jalouser, v.a., to be jealous of, to envy.
se jalouser, v.r., to be jealous of each other.
jalousie, n.f., jealousy; fear, uneasiness, umbrage; blind, Venetian blind; (bot.) three-colored amaranth, sweet William. Par —; out of jealousy. Donner de la — à quelqu’un; to make any one jealous.
jalou-x, -se, n. and adj., jealous person; jealous; desirous, anxious; inclining on one side (of a carriage, of a ship). — d’acquérir de la gloire; desirous of acquiring glory. — de plaire; anxious to please. Faire des —; to excite jealousy.
jamais, adv., never, ever. Je ne la vois —; I never see her. Si — je deviens riche; if ever I grow rich. À —, pour —; for ever. À tout —; for ever and ever. — de la vie; never, never, I tell you.
jamais, n.m., time without end. Au grand —; for ever and ever, to all eternity.
jambage, n.m., jamb (of a door); hanger, down-stroke (in writing).
jambe, n.f., leg; shank; (of a glass) stem. — arquée; bow-leg. Courir à toutes —s; to run at the top of one’s speed. — en deça, — en delà; astride. — de force; principal rafter. —s de quinze ans; young legs. Avoir des —s de quinze ans; to be as nimble as ever. Prendre ses —s à son cou; to take to one’s heels. Être haut en —; to be long-legged. Cela ne lui rend pas la — mieux faite; he is no better off for it. Jouer des —s; to take to flight, to make off. Je le ferai par-dessous la —; I will do it with the greatest ease. Avoir les —s en manche de veste; to be bow-legged.
jambé, -e, adj., legged. Bien —; well made about the legs. Mal —; badly made about the legs.
jambette, n.f., small pocket-knife; (carp.) jamb.
jambi-er, -ère, adj., (anat.) of the leg. n.f., legging, leg-guard.
jambon, n.m., ham.
jambonneau, n.m., small ham, knuckle.
jan, n.m., (tric-trac) jan, table. — de retour; outer table.
janissaire, n.m., janissary.
jansénisme, n.m., Jansenism.
janséniste, n.m. and adj., Jansenist.
jante, n.f., felly, rim (of a wheel), felloe.
janvier, n.m., January.
japon, n.m., Japan-ware.
japonais, -e, n. and adj., Japanese.
japonais, n.m., Japanese language.
japonner, v.a., to hard-bake (porcelain).
jappement (ja-pmān), n.m., yelping.
japper, v.n., to yelp.
☉jaque, n.f., coat. — de mailles; coat of mail.
jaquemart, n.m., jack of the clock-house.
jaquette, n.f., jacket; tunic, short petticoats (for boys).
jaquier, n.m., breadfruit-tree.
jarde, n.f. V. jardon.
jardin, n.m., garden; (nav.) quarter-gallery. — d’agrément; pleasure or flower garden. — potager; kitchen-garden. — fruitier; fruit-garden. — des plantes; botanical, zoölogical gardens. — anglais; ornamental garden, grounds.
jardinage, n.m., gardening; garden-ground; garden-stuff.
jardiner, v.n., to garden.
jardinet, n.m., small garden.
jardineuse, adj.f., (of emeralds) spotty.
jardinier, n.m., gardener. —-fleuriste; (—s-—s) florist. — maraîcher; kitchen-gardener.
jardini-er, -ère, adj., of the garden. Plantes —ères; garden-plants.
jardinière, n.f., gardener’s wife; garden-woman; low ruffle; flower-stand; kind of vegetable soup.
jardon, n.m., or jarde, n.f., (vet.) curb.
jargon, n.m., jargon, gibberish, lingo; cant; (min.) jargoon, jargon, gray or brown zircon.
jargonner, v.a.n., to talk jargon, to talk twaddle or gibberish.
☉jarni! int., by Heaven! zounds.
jarousse or jarrosse, n.f., (bot.) vetch.
jarre, n.f., jar, jug, can.
jarret, n.m., ham, hough, hock; (arch.) projection. — de veau; knuckle of veal. — de bœuf; shin of beef. Couper les —s à un cheval; to hamstring a horse; (fig.) leg, legs. Coupe-—, (—-—s) ruffian, bully. Être ferme sur ses —s; to keep one’s countenance, to stand unmoved. Avoir du —; to be a good walker, a good dancer. Tendre le —; (fig.) to strut.
jarreté, -e (jar-té), adj., close-hammed, close-hocked; knock-kneed, gartered; (arch.) protuberant, projecting.
jarretelle, n.f., stocking suspender.
jarreter, v.a., to garter. Se —; to put garters on, to garter one’s self.
jarretière (jar-tièr), n.f., garter. L’ordre de la —; the Order of the Garter. Ne pas aller à la — à quelqu’un; not to come up to any one (by a long way).
jars (jâr), n.m., (orni.) gander. Il entend le —; he is no fool; he knows what’s what; he is up to snuff.
jas, n.m., (nav.) stock, anchor-stock.
jaser, v.n., to prate, to chatter, to gabble, to chat, to babble, to blab, to tattle. — comme une pie, comme une pie borgne; to chatter like a magpie.
jaserie (jâ-zrî), n.f., prating, chattering; prate, chatter; twaddle.
jaseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., prater, chatterer; chatterbox; (orni.) chatterer. Grand —; (orni.) Bohemian chatterer, waxwing.
jasmin, n.m., (bot.) jasmine, jessamine.
jaspe, n.m., (min.) jasper.
jaspé, -e, part., jasperated, jasper-like; marbled, veined; (of binding) sprinkled.
jasper, v.a., to marble; (binding) to sprinkle.
jaspure, n.f., marbling; sprinkling.
jatte, n.f., bowl, platter; (nav.) manger. Cul-de-jatte; cripple (sitting in a bowl).
jattée, n.f., bowlful, platterful.
jauge (jôj) n.f., gauge; gauging-rod; (nav.) tonnage, burden. — d’eau; water-gauge; (hort.) trench.
jaugeage (jô-jaj), n.m., gauging.
jauger, v.a., to gauge, to measure (the capacity of); to take the gauge of; (nav.) to draw (so many feet of water).
jaugeur, n.m., gauger.
jaunâtre, adj., yellowish.
jaune, adj., yellow. — comme un coing; as yellow as a guinea.
jaune, n.m., yellow. — d’œuf; yolk of an egg.
jaunet, n.m., buttercup; bachelor’s buttons; (pop.) yellow-boy, gold coin.
jaunir, v.a., to make yellow, to dye yellow; (arts) to yellow.
jaunir, v.n., to grow yellow, to turn yellow.
jaunissage, n.m., (arts) yellowing.
jaunissant, -e, adj., turning yellow, yellowing; ripening.
jaunisse, n.f., jaundice; (vet.) yellows.
javart, n.m., (vet.) quittor.
javeau, n.m., sand-bank.
javelage, n.m., drying (of corn in the fields).
javeler (ja-vlé), v.a., to lay in loose sheaves.
javeleur (ja-vleur), n.m., harvestman; binder (into loose sheaves).
javeline (ja-vli-n), n.f., javelin.
javelle, n.f., small sheaf; small bundle (of corn left to dry). Eau de —; bleaching liquid.
javelot (ja-vlo), n.m., javelin.
je, pron., I. — dis; I say. Parlé-—? do I speak?
jean (jan), n.m., John, Johnny, fool. La Saint-—; midsummer. — farine; merry andrew. — foutre; blackguard.
jeannette (ja-nèt), n.f., spinning-jenny.
jectisses, adj.f.pl. Terres —; made earth, loose soil; rubbish. Pierres —; (mas.) stones small enough to be placed by hand.
jéhovah, n.m., Jehovah.
jéjunum, n.m., (anat.) jejunum.
jenny, n.f., jenny (cotton-frame).
jérémiade, n.f., jeremiad.
jérose, n.f., (bot.) rose of Jericho.
jésuite, n.m., jesuit. — de, or en, robe courte; lay jesuit.
jésuitique, adj., jesuitic, jesuitical.
jésuitisme, n.m., jesuitism.
jésus, n.m., long royal, super royal (paper).
jet (jè), n.m., casting, cast; throwing, throw; shoot, sprout; casting (metal.); (agri.) tiller; jet, gush, spirt (of water); new swarm (of bees). Le — d’un filet; the casting of a net. Un — de pierre; a stone’s throw. — de lumière; ray of light. Le — d’une draperie; (paint.) the folds or lay of a drapery. — d’eau; waterspout, fountain. — d’abeilles; swarm of young bees. D’un seul —; at one stroke, born of a single effort. Faire le —; (com., nav.) to throw (goods) overboard. — de marchandises; (nav., com., jur.) jetsam, jettison.
jeté, n.m., jeté (dancing).
jeté, -e, part., cast, thrown. Le dé, le sort, en est —; the die is cast, the thing is resolved upon, the step has been taken.
jetée, n.f., jetty, pier, mole. — de port; jetty-head, pier-head.
jeter, v.a., to throw, to cast, to fling, to hurl; to throw down, to cast down, to fling down; to hurl down; to mold; to lay, to shoot, to shoot out, to shoot forth, to send forth; to disembogue, to empty; to discharge, to suppurate. — l’ancre; to cast anchor. — un soupir; to heave a sigh. — les fondements d’une maison, d’une fortune; to lay the foundation of a house, of a fortune. — de profondes racines; to take deep root. — les yeux sur quelqu’un; to cast one’s eyes on any one. — à la mer; (nav.) to throw overboard, to jettison. — bas; (dy.) to take out of the copper. — une draperie; to dispose the drapery (paint.). — ses cartes; to play one’s cards. Ce cheval jette sa gourme; that horse has the glanders. — de l’huile sur le feu; to add fuel to the flame. — son argent par les fenêtres; to play ducks and drakes with one’s money.
se jeter, v.r., to throw one’s self, to cast one’s self, to fling one’s self; to fall on, to fall upon (attack); to shoot; to strike out, to launch out; to be thrown down, to be thrown away; to disembogue, to fall, to empty one’s self (of rivers). Se — sur l’ennemi; to rush upon the enemy. Se — au cou de quelqu’un; to fall on any one’s neck. Se — à corps perdu; to rush headlong into.
jeton, n.m., counter, token, brass farthing.
jeu, n.m., play; sport; fun; game; gaming, gambling; acting (of actors); stake; (of organs) stop; (nav.) set; (nav.) suit; (mec.) length of stroke; (tech.) play. — d’enfant; child’s play. — de cartes; card game; pack of cards. Bonheur au —; good luck at play. — de hasard; game of chance. De bon or de franc —; by fair play. Couper —; to leave off playing, to go off with one’s winnings. Tenir le — de quelqu’un; to play for any one. — de bourse; stock jobbing. J’ai beau —; I have a good hand. Il a le — serré; he plays a sure game. Avoir beau —; to have a good chance. Cacher son —; to cover one’s designs. Jouer bien son —; to play one’s cards well. Faire bonne mine à mauvais —; to put a good face upon matters. Bon —, bon argent; in good earnest. Le — ne vaut pas la chandelle; it is not worth the trouble, it is not worth powder and shot. Se piquer au —; to persist in playing. Mettre au —; to stake. Jouer gros —; to play high. Jouer petit —; to play low. Ils sont à deux de —; they are upon even terms; two can play at that game. Un — de quilles; a set of nine-pins. — d’échecs; set of chess-men. Ne me mettez pas au —; do not mix me in it. Cela passe le —; that is beyond a joke. Être à deux de —; to be even or quits; to be a match for each other. À beau — beau retour; one good turn deserves another. Donner beau à —; to play into a person’s hands. — de mains — de vilains; rough play often ends in tears. Cela n’est pas du —; that was not in the bargain; that is not fair. Je sais son —; I know his way. — de voiles; complete set of sails. — d’avirons; set of oars. Avoir du —; (tech.) to have too much play. — de mots; pun; quibble, play upon words. — d’esprit; piece of wit, witticism. —x floraux; floral games. — qui trop dure ne vaut rien; too much of a good thing is bad.
jeudi, n.m., Thursday. Le — gras; Shrove Thursday. La semaine des trois —s; when two Sundays come together (i.e., never). — Saint; Maundy-Thursday.
à jeûn, adv., fasting, on an empty stomach. Je suis encore à —; I have not yet breakfasted. J’ai pris cela à —; I took it on an empty stomach.
jeune, adj., young; younger, junior; youthful, recent, new; early, green. — homme; young man, lad, youngster. —s gens; young men; young people. — personne; young girl, young lady. — premier, — première; (thea.) actor, actress, who takes lovers’ parts. Qui — n’apprend, rien ne saura; an old dog will learn no tricks.
jeûne, n.m., fasting; fast, abstinence.
jeunement (jeu-n-mān), adv., (hunt.) just. Cerf de dix cors —; stag just turned ten years.
jeûner, v.n., to fast.
jeunesse, n.f., youth, youthful days; youthfulness; young people; (pop.) lad, lass. Avoir un air de —; to have a youthful look. J’ai rencontré une — fort jolie; (pop.) I met a very pretty girl. Si — savait, si vieillesse pouvait; if things were to be done twice, all would be wise. Il faut que — se passe; boys will be boys.
jeunet, -te, adj., very young.
jeûneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., faster.
*joaillerie, n.f., jeweler’s trade or business; jewelery, jewels.
*joailli-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., jeweler.
jobard, n.m., ninny, simpleton, fool.
jobarder, v.a., to gull, to fool, to be fooled.
jobarderie, n.f., silliness, foolery.
jobet, n.m., (metal.) iron wire of a mold.
joc, n.m., stop, standstill (used in speaking of mills). Mettre le moulin à —; to stop the mill.
jockey, n.m., (—s) jockey.
jocko, n.m., (mam.) pongo, black-orang.
jocrisse, n.m., cotquean; dolt, dupe, simpleton, ninny. Jouer les —s; to play silly servants’ parts.
joie, n.f., joy, joyfulness; gladness; glee, mirth; exultation, delight. Être ravi, comblé, de —; to be overjoyed, to be transported with joy. Ne pas se sentir de —; to be beside one’s self with joy, to be unable to contain one’s self for joy. Faire la — de quelqu’un, être la — de quelqu’un; to make any one’s delight. Pleurer de —; to weep for joy. Feu de —; bonfire.
*joignant, prep., next to, contiguous to, adjoining.
*joignant, -e, adj., adjoining, next to, adjacent, contiguous.
joindre (joignant, joint), v.a., to join, to adjoin, to put together, to unite, to combine, to fix together, to connect; to add; to annex, to join with; to overtake; to come up to; (arch.) to fay. — les mains; to clasp the hands.
se joindre, v.r., to join, to unite, to be joined, to be united, to be combined; to be adjoining, to be adjacent, to be contiguous; to be added, to consort, to meet.
joindre, v.n., to join, to meet. Ces planches ne joignent pas; these planks do not join.
joint, n.m., joint; seam, junction. — articulé; knuckle joint. Trouver le —; to hit upon the best or right way.
joint, -e, part., joined, united, added; jointed. Prier quelqu’un à mains —es; to beg very hard. Vous trouverez ci-— copie de sa lettre; you will find herewith a copy of his letter. À pieds —s; close-legged.
jointé, -e, adj., jointed. Cheval long —; long-jointed horse.
jointée, n.f., double handful.
jointi-f, -ve, adj., (arch.) joined, closed.
jointoiement (-toa-mān), n.m., grouting, pointing (of walls).
jointoyer, v.a., to grout, to point.
jointure, n.f., joint, jointing, articulation.
joli, -e, adj., pretty, pleasing, neat, genteel; fine, good; nice, comfortable. Il est dans un — état; he is in a nice state, in a pretty mess.
joli, n.m., a pretty thing; what is pretty. Le — de la chose c’est que; the best of the thing was that.
joliet, -te, adj., rather pretty.
joliment, adv., prettily, pleasingly; (b.s.) finely; extremely, excessively; (fam.) much, many.
jolite, n.f., violet-stone.
jonc (jon), n.m., rush; Malacca-cane; keeper (ring). — marin; sea-rush. — odorant; camel’s-hay.
jonchaie, n.f., bed or plantation of rushes.
jonché, -e, part., strewed, heaped.
jonchée, n.f., strewing, sprinkling (of flowers); scatterer about. — de crème; cream-cheese.
joncher, v.a., to strew, to heap, to scatter.
jonchets, n.m.pl., spilikins (game).
jonciforme, adj., rush-shaped, rush-like.
jonction, n.f., junction, joining, meeting.
jongler, v.n., to juggle.
jonglerie, n.f., juggling, hocus-pocus. V. escamotage.
jongleur, n.m., juggler; (fig.) deceiver, trickster, cheat.
jonque, n.f., junk (Chinese vessel).
*jonquille, n.f., (bot.) jonquil.
jordonner, v.n., to command, to dictate (loudly) (found in V. Hugo).
joseph, n.m. — papier; silver-paper, tissue-paper.
jouable, adj., playable.
jouail, n.m. V. jas.
*jouailler, v.n., to play for amusement.
joubarbe, n.f., (bot.) sengreen; house-leek.
joue, n.f., cheek. Coucher, mettre, en —; to aim at, to take aim at. En —! (milit.) present!
joué, -e, part., played; mocked, made game of. On m’a —; I have been made game of, a fool of. Pièce touchée, pièce —e; (at draughts, etc.) if you touch your piece, you must move it.
jouée, n.f., (arch.) reveal.
jouer, v.a., to play; to stake; to move; to perform, to act; to feign, to imitate; to make game of, to deceive. — une partie; to play a game. Ne — que l’honneur; to play for love. — quelque chose; to play for something. — quelqu’un; to make a fool of any one. — un tour à quelqu’un; to play any one a trick. — une comédie; to act a comedy. — un rôle; to play a part. — la comédie; to act a sham part. — un air sur le violon; to play a tune on the violin. Ce papier joue le velours; this paper looks like velvet.
se jouer, v.r., to sport, to play, to make game of, to baffle; to make light of. Se — de quelqu’un; to make a fool of any one. La fortune se joue des hommes; fortune makes sport of mankind. Se — à quelqu’un; to meddle with any one who is more than one’s match.
jouer, v.n., to play, to sport; to trifle; to run the risk; to explode (mine); to speculate (on the funds); to work, to work loose (mec.). — aux cartes; to play at cards. À qui à —? whose turn is it to play? C’est à moi à —; it is my turn to play. — au volant; to play at shuttle-cock. — à jeu sûr; to play without risk. — au plus sûr; to play a safe game. — au plus fin; to vie in cunning with. — à quitte ou double; to play double or quits. — de son reste; to stake one’s all. — de malheur; to be unfortunate, to have a run of ill-luck. — de bonheur; to be lucky. Il joue à se faire tuer; he ventures his life. — du violon; to play upon the violin. Faire —; to set going. Ils jouent bien au billard; they are good at billiards. — des talons; to take to one’s heels. — des gobelets; to juggle. Ne — que pour l’honneur; to play for love.
jouet, n.m., plaything, toy; laughing-stock; jest; sport. Être le — de la fortune; to be the sport of fortune.
joueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., player; gamester, gambler. Mauvais — de violon; cat-gut scraper. Beau —; good-natured player. Mauvais —; bad-tempered player. — à la baisse; (exchange language) bear. — à la hausse; (exchange language) bull.
joufflu, -e, n. and adj., chubby, chubby-cheeked person.
joug (joog), n.m., yoke; bondage, slavery. Mettre les bœufs au —; to yoke the oxen. S’affranchir du —, or secouer le —; to shake off the yoke. Briser le —; to throw off the yoke. Atteler au —; to yoke.
jouière or jouillère, n.f., side-wall (of a lock).
jouir, v.n., to enjoy, to revel in, to possess, to be in possession of. — de l’embarras de quelqu’un; to revel in any one’s embarrassment. Les animaux jouissent de la faculté de; animals possess the faculty of. Il est si occupé qu’on n’en peut — un instant; he is so busy that one cannot have a minute’s conversation with him. Faire —; to give pleasure, to please, to delight; to put in possession of. Cela ne vous fait pas —; that’s anything but pleasant.
jouissance, n.f., enjoyment, gratification, satisfaction; fruition, possession; (fin.) interest payable; use (of a garden, house).
jouissant, -e, adj., enjoying, in full possession of.
joujou, n.m., plaything, toy. Faire —; to play.
jour, n.m., day, daytime, daylight, light; gap, opening; facility, means. À court —; short-dated (of bills). À long —; long-dated. A chaque — suffit sa peine; sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof. À la pointe du —; at break of day. —s caniculaires; dog-days. Le — et la nuit; day and night. Il commence à faire —; it begins to be light. Petit —; morning twilight. Il fait —; it is daylight. Grand —; broad daylight. Le — baisse; dusk is coming on. À la chute du —; at nightfall. Demi-—; twilight, half light. Il est — chez lui; he is up and about. En plein —; in broad daylight. Brûler le —; to shut out the daylight. Donner le — à; to give birth to. Voir le —; to see the light; to come to light. Mettre au —; to bring to light. Se faire —; to make one’s way. Tôt ou tard la vérité se fait —; sooner or later truth will out. Tous les —s; every day. De nos —s; in our time, at present. Un — ou l’autre; some day or other. Du — que; since the day when. Quinze —s; a fortnight. Un — de fête; a holiday. — de l’an; new-year’s day. — ouvrier, ouvrable; working-day. — gras; flesh-day. — maigre; fish-day. Les —s gras; shrove-tide. Donner, souhaiter, le bon — à quelqu’un; to wish any one good morning, to pay one’s respects to any one. Être de —; to be on duty. Être à —; to be up to time, up to date. Il donne tant par —; he gives so much a day. Il me remet de — en —; he puts me off from day to day. Je l’attends de — en —; I expect him every day. Mourir plein de —s; to die full of years. Vivre au — la journée, vivre au — le —; to live from hand to mouth. Bon —, bonne œuvre; the better the day, the better the deed. À chaque — suffit sa peine; sufficient for the day is the evil thereof. Ce n’est pas tous les —s fête; Christmas comes but once a year. Faire du — la nuit; to turn day into night. C’est le — et la nuit; they are as different as chalk and cheese. Le goût du —; the reigning fashion. Être dans son bon —; (paint.) to be in a good light; (fig.) to be on one’s good behavior. Se mettre à tous les —s; to make one’s self cheap. L’auteur de vos jours; the author of your being. Si je vois — à cela; if I can see through it. À —; open, in open work. Broderie à —; embroidery in open-work. Mettre à —; to bring up to date. Prendre —; to fix a day, to make an appointment. Donner du —; to give light; to let light in. — pour —; to the very day. — de réception; at-home day.
journal, n.m., journal, diary; newspaper; (com.) day-book. — nautique; (nav.) log-book. Tenir un —; to keep a diary.
journali-er, -ère, adj., daily; diurnal; uncertain, inconstant, fickle, capricious, changeable, not the same every day. Cette femme est très —e; this woman varies a great deal (in beauty).
journalier, n.m., journeyman, day-laborer.
journalisme, n.m., journalism.
journaliste, n.m., adj., journalist, journalistic.
journée, n.f., day; day’s work; day’s wages; day’s journey; battle, revolution, insurrection. Toute la —; all day long. Travailler à la —; to work by the day. Homme de —; day-laborer. Femme de —; charwoman. À grandes —s; by forced marches; by long stages. À petites —s; by short stages. La — fut rude; the battle was stubbornly fought. Les —s de Juillet, or les trois —s; the July insurrection, 1830 (27th, 28th, 29th July, 1830).
journellement (-nèl-mān), adv., daily, every day.
joute, n.f., joust, just, tilt, lists; match, debate. — de coqs; cock-fight.
jouter, v.n., to joust, to tilt; to wrestle, to struggle; to argue, to dispute.
jouteur, n.m., tilter; wrestler; antagonist, adversary.
jouvence, n.f., (l.u.) youth. Fontaine de Jouvence; fountain of youth.
jouvenceau, n.m., (jest.) lad, stripling, young fellow.
jouvencelle, n.f., (jest.) lass, young girl, damsel.
jovial, -e, adj., jovial, jocund, joyous, merry.
jovialement (jo-vial-mān), adv., jovially, joyously, boisterously.
jovialité, n.f., mirth, merriment, boisterous mirth.
joyau, n.m., jewel. —x de la couronne; crown-jewels.
joyeusement (joa-yeûz-mān), adv., cheerfully, joyfully, merrily.
joyeuseté (joa-yeûz-té), n.f., joyfulness, merriment, joke, jest.
joyeu-x, -se, adj., joyful, merry, cheerful, mirthful; gladsome.
jube, n.f., mane (of a lion or horse).
jubé, n.m., (in churches) rood-loft or screen. Venir à —; to come to terms, to yield; to knuckle under.
jubée, n.f., (bot.) jubœa, coquito (palm).
jubilaire, adj., of jubilee; (pers.) of fifty years’ standing.
jubilant, -e, adj., jubilant, delighted.
jubilation, n.f., jubilation, festivity, rejoicing.
jubilé, n.m., jubilee; golden wedding. Faire —; (at play) to mix up the cards (so that there be neither winners nor losers).
jubilé, adj., of fifty years’ standing.
jubiler, v.n., to make merry, to exult.
jubis, n.m., raisins.
juc, n.m., roost, perch. V. juchoir.
juché, -e, part., perched, roosted, roosting. Cheval —; (man.) boulet (horse). V. boulet and bouleté.
jucher, v.n., to roost, to perch.
se jucher, v.r., to roost, to perch, to perch one’s self up.
juchoir, n.m., roosting-place; perch.
judaïque, adj., Judaical, Jewish.
judaïquement (-ik-mān), adv., Judaically.
judaïsant, adj., judaizing.
judaïser, v.n., to judaize.
judaïsme, n.m., Judaism.
judas, n.m., Judas (treacherous person); peep-hole. Baiser de —; treacherous kiss. Poil de —; carroty, sandy hair. Marques de —; freckles. Point de —; number 13.
judasserie, n.f., trickery, perfidy.
judelle, n.f., (orni.) coot.
judicature, n.f., judicature, magistracy.
judiciaire, adj., judiciary, judicial, legal, forensic.
judiciaire, n.f., judgment; sagacity; discretion.
judiciairement (-èr-mān), adv., judicially, legally, by authority of justice.
judicieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., judiciously, considerately, discreetly.
judicieu-x, -se, adj., judicious, wise, discreet.
juge, n.m., judge; justice. — de paix; justice of the peace. — du camp; stickler. — d’instruction; police magistrate. Se constituer en — de; to constitute one’s self a judge of. De fou — briève sentence; (proverb) a fool’s bolt is soon shot.
jugé, -e, part., judged. Bien —; well judged. Au —, or au juger; at a guess.
jugeable (ju-jabl), adj., amenable to a tribunal, to be tried.
jugement (juj-mān), n.m., judgment, opinion, view; trial, sentence. — par défaut; judgment by default. Mettre quelqu’un en —; to put any one on his trial, to bring any one up for trial. Rendre un —; to deliver judgment. Rendre un — contre; to sentence. Prononcer un —; to give judgment, to pass sentence. Subir un —; to be under sentence. Passer en —; to be brought up for trial. Mettre quelqu’un en —; to indict any one. Je me rends à votre —; I bow to your judgment.
juger, v.a., to judge; to conjecture, to think, to believe, to imagine; to try; to bring to trial; to sentence. — à propos; to think proper.
se juger, v.r., to judge one’s self; to deem, to think, one’s self; (jur.) to be tried, to be heard. Vous en jugez-vous capable? do you think yourself equal to it? Cette affaire se jugera demain; (jur.) this case will be heard, will come on, tomorrow.
juger, v.n., to judge; to pass sentence; to give judgment; to deem, to think. — sur l’étiquette du sac; to judge by the label; by appearances. À en — par; judging by. Au —; at a guess. — d’autrui par soi-même; to judge of others by one’s self.
juger, n.m., judging, judgment; guessing, guess.
jugeu-r, -se, n.m.f., judger, judge of things.
jugulaire, adj., (anat.) jugular.
jugulaire, n.f., (anat.) jugular vein; chin-strap.
juguler, v.a., to strangle; to torment; to cheat out of; to ruin; to dun.
jui-f, -ve, n. and adj., Jew; Jewess; Jewish. Le — errant; the wandering Jew.
*juillet, n.m., July.
juin, n.m., June.
juiverie (jui-vrî), n.f., jewry (Jews’ ward); set of Jews; Jew’s bargain or trick.
jujube, n.m., jujube. Pâte de —; jujube lozenges.
jujubier, n.m., jujube-tree.
jule, n.m., (ent.) iulus (coin); (bot.) catkin.
julep (ju-lèp), n.m., julep.
julien, -ne (-li-in, -è-n), adj., Julian.
julienne, n.f., (bot.) rocket; (cook.) vegetable soup.
jumart, n.m., jumart.
jume-au, -lle, n. and adj., twin; (anat.) twin muscles; twin-born; twin; double (fruit). Des cerises —lles; double-cherries. Frères —aux; twin brothers.
jumelé, -e, adj., (her.) bar-gemel.
jumeler, v.a., to strengthen with cheeks, to clamp, to join; to match (things). — un mât; (nav.) to fish or clamp a mast.
jumelle, n.f., twin. —s de théâtre; opera-glass. —s de campagne; field-glass; race-glass; (carp.) cheeks, side-beams; (her.) gemel; (nav.) fish clamp (of masts and yards). —s de rechange; (nav.) spare clamps.
jument, n.f., mare.
jungle, n.f., jungle.
junon, n.f., (astron.) Juno.
junte, n.f., junta (Spanish council).
jupe, n.f., petticoat; skirt, kilt (of a gown). — trotteur; walking skirt.
jupiter (-tèr), n.m., (astron.) Jupiter.
jupon, n.m., short petticoat. — de dessus; upper-skirt. — de dessous; under-petticoat.
jurande, n.f., wardenship (of a company); wardens.
jurassique, adj., (geol.) Jurassic.
juratoire, adj., by oath.
juré, -e, adj., sworn.
juré, n.m., juror, juryman; member of a board of examination. Récuser un —; to challenge a juror. Messieurs les —s; gentlemen of the jury.
jurement (jur-mān), n.m., oath; swearing. Proférer un —; to utter an oath.
jurer, v.a., to swear, to swear by, to vow; to take an oath of; to blaspheme; to protest, to vow, to promise.
se jurer, v.r., to swear to one another. Nous nous jurâmes une éternelle amitié; we swore eternal friendship to each other.
jurer, v.n., to swear, to blaspheme; to contrast; to jar; to clash; not to match (of colors); to squeak or screech (of musical instruments); to jar, to clash (of sound). Il ne faut — de rien; we must pin our faith to nothing; we never can tell. Il jure comme un charretier, or grenadier, or païen, or crocheteur; he swears like a trooper.
jureur, n.m., swearer.
juridiction, n.f., jurisdiction; tribunal; department, province. Ce n’est pas de sa —; it is not in his province.
juridictionnel, -le, adj., jurisdictional.
juridique, adj., legal, juridical, judicial.
juridiquement (-dik-mān), adv., juridically, judicially.
jurisconsulte, n.m., jurisconsult, lawyer.
jurisprudence, n.f., jurisprudence.
juriste, n.m., jurist.
juron, n.m., oath. Gros —; tremendous oath. Lâcher un —; to rap out an oath.
jury, n.m., jury; board of examiners, committee. — mi-parti étranger; party-jury. Banc du —; jury-box. Chef du —; foreman of the jury. Former un tableau, une liste, du —; to impanel a jury. Juger par le —; to try by jury. Récuser un —; to challenge a jury. — de jugement; petty jury. — d’accusation; grand jury.
jus, n.m., juice; gravy; liquor. Plein de —; juicy.
jusant, n.m., (nav.) ebb, ebb-tide.
jusée, n.f., tan-liquor, tanning infusion.
jusque, jusques (in poet. and st.e.), prep., to, even, as far as, till, until; down to; up to; the very. Depuis Paris jusqu’à Londres; from Paris to London. Jusqu’au ciel; to the skies. Depuis le premier jusqu’au dernier; from the first to the last. Jusqu’à demain; till to-morrow. Jusqu’à quand? or Jusques à quand? how long? till when? Jusqu’à présent; till now. Jusqu’où? how far? Jusqu’ici; as far as here; till now; down to here. —-là; up to that time; up to that point; as far as there. Jusqu’à ce que; until. Jusqu’à ce que cela soit fait; till it be done. Il a vendu jusqu’à sa chemise; he has sold the very shirt off his back. Il n’est pas jusqu’aux enfants qui ne l’adorent; the very children adore him.
jusquiame, n.f., henbane.
jussion, n.f., royal command, order.
☉justaucorps (-kor), n.m., jerkin, jacket, vest.
juste, adj., just, equitable, legitimate, lawful, appropriate; apposite; right; upright, righteous; true, apt, fit, proper, exact; tight. — Dieu! — ciel! good God! just heaven! Un homme —; a righteous man. Vos souliers sont trop —s; your shoes are too tight. Ma montre est —; my watch is right. Au plus — prix; at the lowest figure.
juste, n.m., upright man, virtuous man; what is just. La science du —; the knowledge of what is just.
juste, adv., just, exactly, accurately, precisely; (mus.) true. Chanter —; to sing true, in time, in tune. Il raisonne —; he reasons closely. Au —; exactly, precisely, just. Comme de —; rightly enough, of course, naturally. Tout —; only just enough.
justement, adv., justly, honestly, precisely, exactly, reasonably.
justesse, n.f., justness, accuracy, exactness; appropriateness, precision, propriety, sense. Avec —; with precision; accurately, appropriately.
justice, n.f., justice; righteousness; probity, integrity; jurisdiction; fairness; impartiality, reason; courts of justice; execution; gibbet, gallows. Faire — à; to do justice to. Rendre — à; to do justice to. Rendre la —; to administer justice. Se faire — à soi-même; to take the law into one’s own hands. Cour de —; court of law, of judicature. Appeler, citer, traduire, poursuivre quelqu’un en —; to sue at law, to proceed against. Déni de —; refusal of justice. La — de paix; court of the justice of the peace. Que — soit faite; let execution be done. Faire — de; to punish, to expose, to be avenged on; to refute, or confute; to do away with; to sweep away. Se faire rendre —; to obtain justice.
justiciable, n.m.f. and adj., person amenable to a tribunal; amenable. Devenir le — de; to come under the jurisdiction of.
justicier, v.a., to punish corporally; to execute; to lash.
justicier, n.m., justiciary; judge; lover of justice.
justifiable, adj., justifiable; warrantable.
justifiant, -e, adj., justifying.
justifiablement, adv., warrantably, justifiably.
justificati-f, -ve, adj., justificative, documentary. Pièce —ve; proof, voucher, documentary evidence.
justification, n.f., justification, vindication, proof; (print.) justification, length of line.
justifier, v.a., to justify, to vindicate, to prove, to make good; (print.) to justify; to clear.
se justifier, v.r., to justify, to clear, to vindicate, one’s self.
justifier, v.n., (print.) to justify.
jute, n.m., jute.
juteu-x, -se, adj., juicy.
juvénile, adj., juvenile, youthful.
juvénilement (-nil-mān), adv., boyishly, childishly, in a juvenile manner.
juvénilité, n.f., youth, youthfulness.
juxtaposer, v.a., to place side by side.
se juxtaposer, v.r., to be in juxtaposition.
juxtaposition (juks-ta), n.f., juxtaposition.