JUNE 30.
1513. Henry VIII embarked with his forces at Dover for the invasion of France, appointing his "most dear consort, queen Catharine, rectrix and governor of the realm."
1520. Montezuma, the Mexican monarch, died. The situation of the Spaniards becoming desperate, Cortez persuaded the captive monarch to address his people from a terrace, and request them to desist from their attacks and allow the Spaniards to evacuate the city. The Indians were silent while he spoke, but answered that they had promised their gods never to stop till the Spaniards were totally destroyed. A shower of stones and arrows then fell about the spot where he stood, which were warded off by the shields of the soldiers. At the moment they removed their shields, that the king might renew his address, three stones and an arrow struck him to the ground. He died, less of his wounds than of sorrow and indignation, at the age of 54.
1543. Battle of Atherton moor, in England; lord Fairfax defeated by the royalists, and totally routed.
1607. Cæsar Baronius, an Italian cardinal, died. His works are numerous and valuable, especially the Ecclesiastical Annals, 12 vols. folio.
1666. Alexander de Brome, an English poet, died; author of innumerable odes and sonnets written during the English revolution, in which the round heads are treated with great keenness and severity.
1670. Henrietta, duchess of Orleans, and sister to king Charles II, died in her 26th year. Suspicions were entertained that she had been poisoned by her husband for infidelity.
1685. Archibald Campbell, duke of Argyle, beheaded at Edinburgh for seditious measures. His father was also beheaded there 24 years before, as a traitor.
1690. Battle of Fleurus, in the Netherlands; the allies defeated by the French under Luxembourg, with the loss of 6,000 killed, 8,000 prisoners, and all their artillery and baggage.
1690. The Dutch and English fleets under Torrington, engaged the French fleet off Beachey head, and were defeated. English loss 2 ships, 400 men; Dutch loss 2 admirals, 6 ships; the king, William, was wounded by a cannon ball.
1694. Adam Littleton, an excellent English philologist and grammarian, died.
1697. Thomas Pope Blount died; an eminent English writer and a man of great learning and research.
1703. Battle of Eeckeren, between the French and confederated armies of the English and Dutch, in which the slaughter on both sides was very great.
1733. Twenty sail of merchant ships destroyed by a hurricane at St. Christophers.
1734. Dantzic, in Prussia, surrendered to the Russians.
1777. British evacuated Amboy, N. J., and encamped opposite, on Staten island.
1785. James Oglethorpe, the first governor of Georgia, died in England, aged 97. He took an active part in the settlement of Georgia, and founded the town of Savannah. He displayed great courage and address in protecting the colony from incursions of the Spaniards.
1797. Richard Parker hanged; author of the noted rebellion in the English fleet at the Nore.
1797. The chief officers of the Cisalpine republic installed by Bonaparte. This like the French republic, was but of short continuance.
1802. Treaty of Buffalo creek, when the Senecas sold their land west of Genesee river to the state.
1803. Two British ships captured off St. Domingo the French frigate Creole, 44 guns, having on board 100 blood hounds for the French army against the blacks.
1815. Action in the strait of Sunda, between United States sloop of war Peacock, and British king's ship Nautilus. The latter was captured in 15 minutes, but was given up next day, as hostilities had ceased twelve days before between the two countries.
1815. Treaty of peace concluded between the United States and Algiers, in which the dey relinquished the payment of tribute to the Algerines, released the prisoners, and made restitution for American property captured by his cruisers.
1815. Allied army from the heights of Belleville, commenced their attacks on Paris.
1817. The Prussian government prohibited the further use of the term protestant in the country, as being obsolete and unmeaning, since the protestants did not any longer protest, and ordered the word evangelical to be substituted for it.
1817. Christopher Daniel Ebeling, a German geographer, died. His great work, the Geography and History of North America, was completed and published at Hamburg 1799, in 5 vols. His collection of books in relation to America, nearly 4,000 in number, were purchased by Israel Thorndike of Boston, and presented to Harvard college.
1821. Jose Fernandez Abascal died, aged 78; long engaged in the military service of Spain, and viceroy of Peru during
the early part of the war of independence in South America.
1831. William Roscoe, an English biographer and miscellaneous writer, died. He was of humble parentage, but his lives of Lorenzo the Magnificent, and Leo X, give him an exalted and enduring reputation.
1832. Silistria, in Bulgaria, surrendered to the Russians. The trophies were 8,000 prisoners, 2 three-tailed pashas, 250 cannon, &c.
1835. Benjamin Pritchard, the Kentucky giant, died. His disease was dropsy; his weight 525 pounds.
1840. The sub-treasury, or independent treasury bill passed the house of representatives in congress, by a vote of 124 to 105.
1855. The yellow fever became epidemic in New Orleans.