Notes

[1]: Seventeen times, in fact.

[2]: The Chronological Historian, &c., by W. Toone ed. 1826.

[3]: Tatler, No. 15.

[4]: Probably Sir John Floyer, who wrote several books on the wonderful cures made by cold-water bathing.

[5]: M. Misson's Memoirs and Observations in his Travels over England, &c., translated by Ozells, 1719.

[6]: The London Spy, ed. 1703.

[7]: Harl. 5931, 336.

[8]: Ibid. 121.

[9]: Collectanea Medica, by Wm. Salmon, M.D.

[10]: Collectanea Medica.

[11]: The Family Physitian, by Geo. Hartman.

[12]: Ibid.

[13]: Ibid.

[14]: Father of the celebrated painter.

[15]: Harl. MSS., British Museum.

[16]: There is a very large and beautiful engraving of this scene, from which are taken the illustrations of carriages, post.

[17]: The Queen recommended the design of charity schools to the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, in a letter dated August 20, 1711: 'And forasmuch as the pious Instruction and Education of Children is the surest Way of preserving and propagating the Knowledge and Practice of true Religion, it hath been very acceptable to US to hear, that for the Attaining these good Ends, many Charity Schools are now Erected throughout the Kingdom, by the liberal Contributions of OUR Good subjects; WE do therefore earnestly recommend it to you, by all proper Ways, to encourage and promote so excellent a Work, and to countenance and assist the Persons principally concerned in it, as they shall always be sure of Our Protection and Favour.'

[18]: She was sister of Tutchin, of the Observator.

[19]: The Levellers, a dialogue between two young ladies concerning matrimony, &c.

[20]: The Scowrers, by Shadwell.

[21]: A pocket violin.

[22]: See [Appendix]. 'Lilli burlero' and 'Bullen a lah' are said to have been the watchwords used by the Irish Papists in their massacre of the Protestants in 1641. The ballad to this tune was written in 1686, when James II. made the Earl of Tyrconnel, a bigoted papist, Lieutenant of Ireland. The words are nonsensical, but the tune is catching, and became very popular. This song is said to have contributed greatly in bringing about the Revolution of 1688.

[23]: The Tender Husband (Steele).

[24]: Spectator, 66.

[25]: Ibid., 376.

[26]: Spectator, 67.

[27]: See [Appendix].

[28]: See [Appendix].

[29]: Tatler, 31.

[30]: Ibid., 24.

[31]: Luttrell's Diary, Sept. 12, 1710.

[32]: British Museum, 515, l. 2, 196.

[33]: The Counsellor's Plea for the Divorce of Sir G. D. and Mrs. F., 1715.

[34]: But it never has been changed, and is now in force.

[35]: Marriage Promoted, &c.

[36]: The Levellers.

[37]: The Tatler, 199.

[38]: Spectator, 295.

[39]: Ibid. 59.

[40]: Tunbridge Walks, by Thos. Baker, 1703.

[41]: Trivia, by Gay.

[42]: Post Boy, May 24/27, 1712.

[43]: There was a law against marrying the heiress of a noble family before the age of twenty-one years without the consent of her guardians.

[44]: Postman, August 28/31, 1703.

[45]: Judging by the 8th and 9th Wm. III. cap. 26, which took away their pretended privileges, these were White Friars, the Savoy, Salisbury Court, Ram Alley, Mitre Court, Fuller's Rents, Baldwin's Gardens, Montague Close, the Minories, Mint and Clink or Dead Man's Place; but there were many others.

[46]: Lansdowne MSS., 93-17.

[47]: The Postboy, October 13/16, 1711.

[48]: The Postboy, April 18/20, 1710.

[49]: Bacon's Abridgment, Tit. Baron and Feme.

[50]: Usually at the father's or guardian's of the lady.

[51]: This custom partially survives, and originated in a division among the guests of the ribbons worn by the bride and bridegroom. These favours were worn for some weeks in the hat, and were made of a pretty large knot of ribbons of various colours—gold, silver, carnation, and white.

[52]: This was absolutely necessary, and mourning was also temporarily left off, unless for a very near relation recently deceased.

[53]: The licence was generally shown the clergyman the day before the wedding, and an appointment made for the ceremony.

[54]: There was then, and may be now, a curious superstition that every pin about the bride must be thrown away and lost. There would be no luck if one remained. Nor must the bridesmaid keep one, for should she do so she certainly would not be married before Whitsuntide.

[55]: Pepys tells of a frolic Lady Castlemaine and the beautiful Frances Terese Stuart (the original of the Britannia on the copper coinage) had: 'That they two must be married—and married they were—with ring and all other ceremonies of Church service, and ribbands, and a sack posset in bed, and flinging the stocking.'

[56]: A mob was a déshabillé dress, scarcely ever mentioned in terms of commendation.

[57]: Guardian, No. 113.

[58]: Spectator, 479.

[59]: Daily Courant, April 9, 1706.

[60]: Trivia.

[61]: This and the following quotations are from The Funeral or Grief à la Mode, by Steele, ed. 1702.

[62]: Pope's Moral Essays, Epistle i. This is said to refer to Mrs. Oldfield, the famous actress of Anne's reign, who (vide Gentleman's Magazine for March 1731) 'was buried in Westminster Abby, in a Brussels lace Head dress, a Holland Shift, with Tucker and double Ruffles of the same Lace, and a Pair of new Kid Gloves.' 'Betty' was her old and faithful servant, Mrs. Saunders, herself an actress, taking widows' and old maids' parts.

[63]: Daily Courant, Sept. 30, 1713.

[64]: Appendix.

[65]: Diary of Ralph Thoresby, April 15, 1702.

[66]: Diary, May 26, 1703.

[67]: Daily Courant, March 5, 1705.

[68]: The Crown and Sceptre in St. Martin's Street.

[69]: The handsomest was let out on hire for twenty-five or thirty shillings.

[70]: Called Pall-bearers—some six friends or so—and accounted a special honour.

[71]: A hearse.

[72]: The Flying Post and Medley, July 27, 1714.

[73]: A New View of London, 1708.

[74]: See Meditations upon a Broomstick and Somewhat Beside, Swift, ed. 1710.

[75]: The same lady satirised in The Reverse.

[76]: Vanbrugh was Comptroller General of Works.

[77]: Postman, December 10/12, 1702.

[78]: The London Gazette, June 14/18, 1705.

[79]: Journal to Stella, letter 4.

[80]: Ibid. letter 21.

[81]: Diary of Ralph Thoresby, August 22, 1712.

[82]: The London Spy.

[83]: Afterwards Northumberland Street, Strand.

[84]: London Gazette, Feb. 27/Mar. 1, 1714.

[85]: Luttrell's Diary, Nov. 26, 1702.

[86]: Luttrell's Diary, Nov. 13, 1703.

[87]: Ibid. Nov. 20, 1703.

[88]: Daily Courant, Jan. 21, 1713.

[89]: Daily Courant, Nov. 27, 1704.

[90]: Harl. 5996, 147.

[91]: Thoresby's Diary, May 24, 1714.

[92]: Harl. 5996, 87.

[93]: Ibid. 5961, 326.

[94]: Spectator, 214.

[95]: Tunbridge Walks, ed. 1703.

[96]: The Perplexed Lovers, by Mrs. Centlivre, ed. 1712.

[97]: Spectator, No. 299.

[98]: Ibid. 143.

[99]: The Basset Table, sc. i., ed. 1706.

[100]: Journal to Stella, letter 10.

[101]: Postboy, Jan. 21/23, 1714.

[102]: Spectator, No. 45.

[103]: The Tatler, No. 132.

[104]: Tatler, No. 245.

[105]: The Virtuoso, ed. 1704.

[106]: The London Spy.

[107]: See [Appendix].

[108]: See [Appendix].

[109]: Fiddles.

[110]: See [Appendix].

[111]: The Baboon A-la-mode, A Satyr against the French, ed. 1704.

[112]: The Virtuoso.

[113]: Construe and parse.

[114]: Almonds for Parrots, ed. 1708.

[115]: Tunbridge Walks.

[116]: Tatler, No. 13.

[117]: The Beau's Duel.

[118]: Tatler, No. 2.

[119]: St. James's Park, a Satyr, 1709.

[120]: Tunbridge Walks.

[121]: Love Makes a Man.

[122]: The Virtuoso.

[123]: Spectator, No. 45.

[124]: The English Lady's Catechism. I have seen the original edition, dated 1703.—J. A.

[125]: This settles the date as being early in Anne's reign, as the galleons were captured at Vigo in 1702, and everything from Vigo was fashionable.

[126]: Spectator, No. 323.

[127]: By Dryden.

[128]: The Heroine in Aurenzebe.

[129]: Duncan Campbell, who pretended to tell fortunes by second sight.

[130]: See Spectator, No. 60.

[131]: Journal to Stella, letter 23.

[132]: The London Spy.

[133]: The Works of Thomas Brown, ed. 1708, vol. iii. p. 86.

[134]: Spectator, No. 337.

[135]: The Lying Lover.

[136]: The London Spy.

[137]: The Tatler, No. 88.

[138]: Ward's Adam and Eve stript of their Furbelows.

[139]: Journal to Stella, letter 53.

[140]: Other games were cribbage, all fours, ruff and honours, French ruff, five cards, costly colours, bon ace, putt, plain dealing, Queen Nazareen, pennech, post and pair, bankafalat, beast.

[141]: 'The Gaming Lady, or Bad Luck to him that has her,' in Adam and Eve stript of their Furbelows.

[142]: Epilogue to The Gamester, ed. 1705.

[143]: The Tender Husband.

[144]: The London Gazette, Dec. 6/10, 1705.

[145]: The Busy Body.

[146]: The Works of Mr. Thomas Brown, ed. 1705.

[147]: The London Spy.

[148]: Memoirs of the Lives, Intrigues, and Comical Adventures of the most famous Gamesters and Celebrated Sharpers in the Reigns of Charles 2, James 2, William 3, and Queen Anne, etc. By Theophilus Lucas. London, 1714.

[149]: The English Post, October 12/14, 1702.

[150]: Here is a sample of one of these traps to catch gulls: 'At Nixon's Coffee House, at Fetter Lane End in Fleet St, is open'd an Office call'd the Golden Office, where by putting in Monys, not exceeding 5 Guineas, may receive Cent per Cent in three Weeks time. Proposals may be had at the Place aforesaid.'—Postboy, April 26/29, 1712.

[151]: Luttrell.

[152]: Ibid. August 15, 1710.

[153]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 231.

[154]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 233.

[155]: Ibid. 5931, 236.

[156]: The London Spy.

[157]: Spectator, No. 117.

[158]: British Museum, 515, l. 2./15.

[159]: British Museum, 515, l. 2./199.

[160]: Spectator, No. 272.

[161]: Daily Courant, Feb. 14, 1708.

[162]: The Gentleman Cully, ed. 1702.

[163]: Tunbridge Walks, ed. 1703.

[164]: Besides the six great offices for taking in letters, there were 600 smaller ones in different parts of London, for the convenience of correspondents.

[165]: Daily Courant, January 11, 1703.

[166]: Daily Courant, October 30, 1707.

[167]: A Comical View of London and Westminster, ed. 1705, p. 100.

[168]: Hickelty Pickelty.

[169]: London Spy.

[170]: The Careless Husband, 2nd ed., 1705.

[171]: Hickelty Pickelty.

[172]: Tatler, No. 113.

[173]: Love Makes a Man, C. Cibber, ed. 1701.

[174]: Spectator, 319.

[175]: Ibid.

[176]: Ibid.

[177]: The Roving Husband Reclaim'd, ed. 1706.

[178]: The Baboon à la Mode, A Satyr against the French.

[179]: Protestant Mercury, July 10, 1700.

[180]: London Spy.

[181]: Daily Courant, Oct. 17, 1712.

[182]: Postman, Nov. 13/16, 1708 (? misprint for 1707).

[183]: The Levellers, a Dialogue.

[184]: The Gamesters.

[185]: London Spy.

[186]: The Gentleman Cully, ed. 1702.

[187]: Postman, Sept 23/26, 1710.

[188]: Journal to Stella, let. 13.

[189]: Spectator, No. 319 (Budgell).

[190]: Trivia, book 1.

[191]: Ibid. book 3.

[192]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 242.

[193]: Guardian, No. 10.

[194]: Small curls on the forehead.

[195]: Tatler, No. 166.

[196]: Journal to Stella.

[197]: Tatler, No. 95.

[198]: Ibid. 246.

[199]: Ibid. 151.

[200]: Journal to Stella, letter 6.

[201]: Postboy, Feb. 25, 1714.

[202]: Epilogue to Mrs. Centlivre's Love's Contrivance, ed. 1703.

[203]: Spectator, No. 145.

[204]: Postman, Nov. 15, 1707.

[205]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 205.

[206]: Spectator, 129.

[207]: Ibid. 16.

[208]: Trivia, book 1.

[209]: Guardian, No. 143.

[210]: Trivia, book 1.

[211]: A Joseph, a Wrap Rascal, etc.

[212]: Trivia, book 1.

[213]: Journal to Stella, letter 8.

[214]: Journal to Stella, letter 8.

[215]: It is said to have had its origin in a hunting party, where the hair of the royal favourite got loose. She hurriedly tied her laced handkerchief round her head; and the effect produced was so pretty, and artistic, that it delighted Louis XIV., who begged her to keep it so arranged for the remainder of the day—a hint not wasted on the other ladies, who next day appeared 'coiffées à la Fontange.'

[216]: Spectator, No. 98, June 21, 1711.

[217]: London Spy.

[218]: The extremely bouffée furbelows were called rumpt furbelows, and the brooches inserted in the centre were called rump jewels or rumphlets.

[219]: The Petticoat; an Heroi-Comical Poem, by Joseph Gay (pseudo for J. Durant de Brevel), 1716.

[220]: Tatler, 116.

[221]: Spectator, 331.

[222]: Ibid. 435.

[223]: The Virtuoso.

[224]: The Fan.

[225]: The Lying Lover.

[226]: The Platonick Lady.

[227]: The Virtuoso.

[228]: Spectator, 81.

[229]: Epilogue to The Modish Husband, ed. 1702.

[230]: London Spy.

[231]: No. 265.

[232]: Feuille-mort.

[233]: Female Folly, or the Plague of a Woman's Riding Hood and Cloak, 1713.

[234]: London Spy.

[235]: The Tatler, No. 238.

[236]: The Female Tatler, Dec. 12.

[237]: Trivia, book 1.

[238]: The Fan, by Gay, ed. 1714.

[239]: Journal to Stella, letter 11.

[240]: Why Taunton dean ladies I am at a loss to say, unless, as Somersetshire was then considered as the 'ultima Thule' of civilisation, it is meant that the dresses were as fine and gaudy as a country belle would wear, in contradistinction to the better taste of her town-bred sister.

[241]: In reality it was 1704. In the old style of reckoning 1704 did not begin till the 25th of March, and the London Gazette of this reign always kept to the old style.

[242]: 'Moco' stones are what are now called moss agates.

[243]: See ante, 'Rumps.'

[244]: Probably what we call 'Bristol diamonds.'

[245]: London Gazette, Dec. 23/27, 1708.

[246]: Ibid. Jan. 8/11, 1704-5.

[247]: A Monteith was a kind of punch-bowl, with scallops or indentations in the brim, the object of which was to convert it into a convenient tray for bringing in the wine-glasses. These being placed with the brims downwards, radiating from the centre, and with the handles protruding through the indentations in the bowl, were easily carried without much jingling or risk of breaking. Of course the bowl would then be empty of liquor.

'New things produce new words, and thus Monteith
Has by one Vessel, sav'd his name from Death.'
Dr. King's Art of Cookery, etc., p. 37.

[248]: London Gazette, May 26/29, 1707.

[249]: Ibid. Oct. 20/24, 1713.

[250]: The Basset Table.

[251]: Tatler, No. 27.

[252]: Works of T. Brown.

[253]: An Account of the Behaviour, Confession and last Dying Speech of Sir John Johnson.

[254]: Lying Lover.

[255]: Charing Cross.

[256]: Prologue to Centlivre's Love's Contrivance.

[257]: A Stock Jobbing Coffee House in Change Alley.

[258]: Spectator, No. 454.

[259]: England's Newest way in all Sorts of Cookery, etc., by Henry Howard, and 'Royal Cookery, or the Complete Court Cook, by Patrick Lamb, Esq. Near 50 years Master Cook to their late Majesties King Charles 2. King James 2. King William and Queen Mary, and to Her present Majesty Queen Anne.'

[260]: There was 'the Royal Peace Pudding, Tickets 1s. each, Made on Thanksgiving Day, 1713, 9 feet long, 20-1/2 inches broad, and 6 inches deep,' and there were the famous 12d. Marrow puddings. Blood Puddings were also in vogue. See Trivia:—

'Blood stuff'd in Skins is British Christian Food,
And France robs Marshes of the croaking Brood;
Spongy Morells in strong Ragousts are found,
And in the Soupe the slimy Snail is drown'd.'

[261]: London Gazette, Oct. 31/Nov. 4, 1706.

[262]: The English Post, June 5/8, 1702.

[263]: Journal, March 6, 1712.

[264]: The Virtuoso.

[265]: Postman, June 9/12, 1705.

[266]: Spectator, No. 454.

[267]: Daniel Defoe.

[268]: Potatoes in any large quantity were 1/2d. per lb.

[269]: London Spy.

[270]: Journal to Stella, Nov. 29, 1710.

[271]: Luttrell's Diary, Jan. 24, 1710.

[272]: The Virtuoso.

[273]: Bedlam.

[274]: Tatler, 138.

[275]: Shadwell's Epsom Wells.

[276]: Spectator, No. 43.

[277]: Adam and Eve Stript of their Furbelows.

[278]: Spectator, 328.

[279]: Postman, April 27/30, 1706.

[280]: London Post, April 14/17, 1704.

[281]: At Leeds.

[282]: Raw hide packages.

[283]: Journal to Stella, Nov. 3, 1711.

[284]: See also Tatler, 140.

[285]: Centlivre's The Wonder, a Woman Keeps a Secret, ed. 1714.

[286]: Luttrell.

[287]: Journal to Stella, letter 14.

[288]: A nickname of Swift's—a play on his name.

[289]: The Tripe Club.

[290]: The Beaux' Stratagem, act. iii. sc. 2.

[291]: New View of London, 1708.

[292]: Atterbury's Correspondence, ed. 1784, vol. iii. p. 87.

[293]: His brother. Bishop Trelawney was also a baronet; and he had an unepiscopal habit of swearing occasionally, but when such a faux pas occurred he always said it was the baronet, not the bishop, that swore. The inconvenience of this arrangement was pointed out to him one day by a friend, who remarked that, if the baronet was damned for swearing, what would become of the bishop.

[294]: Spectator, No. 31.

[295]: Spectator, No. 87.

[296]: Hickelty Pickelty.

[297]: Spectator, 49.

[298]: The Scowrers.

[299]: Motteux, in the Preface to his Poem in Praise of Tea.

[300]: Spectator, No. 49.

[301]: Journal to Stella, Nov. 19, 1710.

[302]: Tatler, 247.

[303]: Spectator, 46.

[304]: Daily Courant, Aug. 4, 1704.

[305]: News of the peace.

[306]: An allusion to the story of the Pretender's being smuggled in a warming-pan, and evidence of Jenny's Hanoverian proclivities.

[307]: Comical View of London.

[308]: Spectator, No. 269.

[309]: Tatler, 78.

[310]: Tatler, No. 34.

[311]: See [Appendix].

[312]: See [Appendix].

[313]: A Comical View of London and Westminster.

[314]: Hickelty Pickelty.

[315]: Dryden's.

[316]: Tatler, 11.

[317]: Luttrell, Jan. 1, 1709.

[318]: London Spy.

[319]: Journal, Oct. 27, 1710.

[320]: 'Here is nothing drunk but Ale, and every Gentleman hath his separate Mug, which he Chalks on the Table, where he sits, as it is brought in; and every one retires when he pleases, as from a Coffee House.'—A Journey through England, 1722.

[321]: Tatler, 79.

[322]: London Spy.

[323]: Journal, Feb. 18, 1711.

[324]: Journal, Jan. 28, 1712.

[325]: Journal, April 13, 1714.

[326]: Brit. Mus. 1093, c. 73.

[327]: In the ninth ed., 1714, after 'Morefields' it goes on: 'Where an Axe hung up in the Club Room, and was reverenced as a principal Symbol in this Diabolical Sacrament. Their Bill of Fare was a large Dish of Calves-Heads, dressed several ways, by which they represented the King and his Friends, who had suffer'd in his Cause; a large Pike with a small one in his Mouth, as an Emblem of Tyranny; a large Cod's Head, by which they pretended to represent the Person of the King singly; a Boar's Head with an Apple in its Mouth, to represent the King, by this, as Beastial, as by their other Hieroglyphicks they had done Foolish and Tyrannical. After the Repast was over, one of their Elders presented an Ikon Basilike, which was with great Solemnity burn'd upon the Table, whilst the Anthems were singing. After this, another produc'd Milton's Defensio Populi Anglicani, upon which all laid their Hands, and made a Protestation in the form of an Oath, for ever to stand by, and maintain the same;' then the text goes on as above.

[328]: Gent. Mag. vol. v. p. 105.

[329]: Charing Cross.

[330]: Jacob transposed.

[331]: Journal to Stella, Jan. 9, 1713.

[332]: Ibid. Feb. 21, 1712.

[333]: Ibid. March 5, 1712.

[334]: There was an engraving made of these standards; and a handbill about it (Harl. MSS. 5996, 40) is curious, as showing how they pushed trade then. 'The Colours being only to be seen in Westminster Hall, several Gentlemen and Others have desired to share in the Commemoration thereof, by placing the Representation of 'em in their Halls and Houses: And now to accommodate those who are so disposed, the said Representation with the Imbellishments above mention'd, is done on fine Imperial Paper, and will in a Day or Two be left at your house for your Perusal, till call'd for next Day, when you are desired either to return it, or be pleased to pay Two Shillings and Sixpence to the Person that deliver'd the Same.'

[335]: Comical View of London and Westminster.

[336]: Tatler, No. 30.

[337]: Diary, Jan. 21, 1709.

[338]: The records were kept in the Tower until the present reign.

[339]: Spectator.

[340]: See [Appendix].

[341]: London Spy.

[342]: So called because in 1699 he played the part of Dicky in Farquhar's Constant Couple, or a Trip to the Jubilee.

[343]: Harl. MSS., 5931, 251.

[344]: Luttrell.

[345]: Postman, May 14/16, 1702.

[346]: Stow's Survey, ed. 1720.

[347]: Luttrell.

[348]: Tatler, No. 4.

[349]: Daily Courant, Nov. 28, 1703.

[350]: Diary of Ralph Thoresby, July 14, 1714.

[351]: Spectator, No. 28.

[352]: 'This is to satisfie all People that have been inform'd that the High German Tall Man, had kill'd a Man, and was to be hang'd; that it is all false, and has been given out by other Show Keepers, on purpose to take away his Credit and Good Name.'—The Post Boy, April 12/14, 1709.

[353]: Sort of bassoon.

[354]: Diary, Jan. 14, 1709.

[355]: Diary, July 14, 1712.

[356]: The English Post, March 23/25, 1702.

[357]: Daily Courant, Aug. 6, 1703.

[358]: A Walk round London and Westminster.

[359]: Introduction to A Second Tale of a Tub, ed. 1715.

[360]: Spectator, No. 14.

[361]: Groans of Great Britain.

[362]: Daily Courant, May 9, 1709.

[363]: Diary, Feb. 11, 1709.

[364]: Spectator, No. 168.

[365]: Tatler, 171.

[366]: This was before Powell removed to the Piazza, Covent Garden.

[367]: Merry Wives of Windsor, Act. 1. sc. 1.

[368]: This bear belonged to Henslow and Alleyn, proprietors of Paris Garden, near the Globe Theatre, Bankside.

[369]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 282.

[370]: These dogs were only a moderate size.

[371]: If too sharp, the bull's horns were covered with wooden sheaths.

[372]: Misson.

[373]: Gay, Fable 9.

[374]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 46.

[375]: Sacheverell.

[376]: A Looking-glass for Swearers, etc., 1708.

[377]: Tunbridge Walks.

[378]: Luttrell, Sept. 1, 1705.

[379]: Belonging to the Duke of Somerset.

[380]: Luttrell, Aug. 15, 1702.

[381]: Ibid., Aug. 28, 1705.

[382]: Stella.

[383]: Spectator, 115.

[384]: The Quaker's Art of Courtship, 1710.

[385]: Rural Sports, Gay, ed. 1713.

[386]: Ibid.

[387]: Spectator, No. 122.

[388]: Harl. MSS. 5961, 154.

[389]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 50.

[390]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 277.

[391]: De Sorbière.

[392]: Misson.

[393]: Comical View of London and Westminster.

[394]: Spectator, No. 436

[395]: Hockley in the Hole.

[396]: Misson.

[397]: John Parkes or Sparkes was buried at Coventry, and on his tombstone was inscribed, inter alia, that he was a man of mild disposition, a gladiator by profession, who fought 350 battles in different parts of Europe, when he retired. He died 1733.

[398]: Spectator, No. 115.

[399]: Luttrell, Sept. 13, 1709.

[400]: Trivia, book 2.

[401]: Misson.

[402]: This illustration, although from the 1709 edition of Cotton's Compleat Gamester, is of older date; indeed, it is identical with the first edition of 1674. The fact of its being a text-book in Anne's reign shows that the game had not then been modified.

[403]: Spectator, No. 173.

[404]: Tunbridge Walks.

[405]: Hickelty Pickelty.

[406]: Epsom Wells.

[407]: The Theory and Practice of Gardening, by J. James, 1712.

[408]: Spectator, No. 414.

[409]: Tunbridge Walks.

[410]: Spectator, No. 119.

[411]: The Shepherd's Week—The Ditty, ed. 1714.

[412]: London Spy.

[413]: Daily Courant, April 30, 1703.

[414]: Daily Courant, Oct. 22, 1706.

[415]: By George Farquhar.

[416]: Daily Courant, June 8, 1703.

[417]: By N. Rowe.

[418]: Can this be an early work of Carey's? See [Appendix].

[419]: By Colley Cibber.

[420]: Daily Courant, Oct. 5, 1703.

[421]: By J. Crowne, 1677.

[422]: See p. [255].

[423]: Daily Courant, June 28, 1712.

[424]: Ibid., Dec. 14, 1703.

[425]: Ibid. Feb. 8, 1703.

[426]: Lady Sunderland, second daughter of the Duke of Marlborough. See p. [22].

[427]: Roscius Anglicanus, 1712.

[428]: Daily Courant, Feb. 4, 1708.

[429]: All for Love, or the World well Lost, by Dryden.

[430]: Postman, Feb. 5/8, 1704.

[431]: A translation from the Ecole des Femmes of Molière, and attributed to John Caryll.

[432]: By Edward Ravenscroft, 1697.

[433]: Daily Courant, March 9, 1704.

[434]: London Gazette, Feb. 1/5, 1705.

[435]: Spectator, No. 48.

[436]: Ibid. No. 45.

[437]: Spectator, No. 240.

[438]: Humours of the Army, Chas. Shadwell, 1713.

[439]: The Stage, N. Rowe.

[440]: Daily Courant, July 26, 1704.

[441]: By Thos. Otway.

[442]: Daily Courant, July 6, 1704.

[443]: Spectator, No. 44.

[444]: By Beaumont and Fletcher.

[445]: Supplement to Cibber.

[446]: Roscius Anglicanus, 1708.

[447]: Tatler, 167.

[448]: Harl. MSS. 5996, 100.

[449]: Comparison between the two Stages.

[450]: Tatter, 22.

[451]: No. 468.

[452]: Comparison between the two Stages.

[453]: Spectator, 370.

[454]: Tatler, 188.

[455]: By Thos. Shadwell.

[456]: Harl. MSS. 5931, 251.

[457]: 'For the Benefit of Will. Bullock.

'At the Theatre Royal in Drury Lane, on Whitson Monday, being the 5th of June, will be reviv'd a Diverting Comedy call'd the Miser [Thomas Shadwell]. Written by the Author of the Squire of Alsatia; the part of Timothy Squeez the Scriveners foolish Son to be acted by Will. Bullock. With Entertainments of Dancing by Monsieur du Ruell. And Mr. Clinch of Barnet will perform these several Performances, first an Organ with three Voices, then the Double Curtel, the Flute, the Bells, the Huntsman, the Horn, and Pack of Dogs, all with his Mouth; and an old Woman of Fourscore Years of Age nursing her Grand Child; all of which he does open on the Stage. Next a Gentleman will perform several Mimick Entertainments on the Ladder, first he stands on the top round with a Bottle in one hand and a Glass in the other, and drinks a Health; then plays several Tunes on the Violin, with fifteen other surprizing Performances which no man but himself can do. And Will Pinkeman will dance the Miller's Dance and speak a comical joking Epilogue on an Ass. Beginning exactly at five a Clock by reason of the length of the Entertainments. At Common Prices.'—Daily Courant, June 2, 1704.

[458]: Diary, Jan. 7, 1661.

[459]: The History of the English Stage.

[460]: By Beaumont and Fletcher.

[461]: Pepys, Feb. 12, 1661.

[462]: By the Earl of Orrery.

[463]: By Thos. Otway.

[464]: By Dryden.

[465]: Tatler, 212.

[466]: Battista Draghi.

[467]: Daily Courant, Jan. 16, 1705.

[468]: Ibid. Dec. 6, 1707.

[469]: An Essay on the Operas after the Italian manner, 1706.

[470]: Tatler, No. 4.

[471]: Spectator, 13.

[472]: Ibid. 5.

[473]: Daily Courant, Feb, 24, 1711.

[474]: Ibid. Jan. 24, 1713.

[475]: Postman, May 9/12, 1702.

[476]: From the opera of 'Camilla.'

[477]: Sic in orig., but it should read—

'E pur sono
Sventurata pastorella.'

[478]: Journal, Aug. 6, 1711.

[479]: Cavaliere di San Marco.

[480]: Spectator, 405.

[481]: 'Thou, O God, hast heard my vows.'

[482]: See Christ Church Bells, [Appendix].

[483]: June 5, 1712.

[484]: The Royal Assent to this Act was given March 6, 1707.

[485]: ? Perti, who lived to the age of nearly 100, and was alive in 1744.

[486]: Tatler, 88.

[487]: Tatler, No. 4.

[488]: Postman, March 11/14, 1704.

[489]: Daily Courant, March 27, 1704.

[490]: Ibid., Aug. 6, 1705.

[491]: In the Postman, Feb. 3/6, 1711, is an advertisement of his, saying he intended retiring from business, and will sell his collection of pictures.

[492]: By P. A. Motteux.

[493]: Either Mary of Modena, Consort of James II., or Queen Mary.

[494]: A miniature painter, pupil of Sir Peter Lely, and nephew of Gibson, the dwarf painter.

[495]: Tatler, No. 216.

[496]: The Virtuoso, by Shadwell.

[497]: London Spy.

[498]: Thoresby.

[499]: No. 221.

[500]: Tatler, 236.

[501]: Daily Courant, Nov. 11, 1713.

[502]: The Miner's Friend, or, an Engine to raise Water by Fire described, &c. by Thomas Savery, Gent. London. 1702.

[503]: I.e. intricate and difficult to work.

[504]: The Duke of Marlborough's collection, sold 1882.

[505]: Journal, June 30, 1711.

[506]: Dunciad.

[507]: See [Frontispiece].

[508]: The Life and Errors of John Dunton, Lond. 1705.

[509]: Daily Courant, Sept. 21, 1705.

[510]: The name of a principal character in the Duke of Buckingham's comedy of The Rehearsal.

[511]: Abel Roper, who then conducted the Post Boy.

[512]: Protestant Post Boy, Jan. 15/17, 1712.

[513]: Post Boy, Sept. 6/9, 1712.

[514]: Ridpath invented a manifold writer, which would take six or more copies at once.

[515]: Post Boy, Mar. 30/April 1, 1714.

[516]: Postboy, Sept. 12/15, 1713.

[517]: Howell's State Trials, ed. 1812, v. 14.

[518]: A scandalous practice then in vogue. 'Mr. Tutchin hereupon endeavoured to get a pardon from the people who had grants of lives, many of them 500, some 1000, more or less as they had interest with the King.' Again: 'For it was usual at that time for one Courtier to get a pardon of the King for half a Score, and then by the assistance of Jeffreys to augment the sum to fourscore or a hundred.' In these 'Bloody Assizes' 300 persons were condemned to death, and nearly 1,000 sold as slaves to the West Indian plantations.

[519]: Howell's State Papers, ed. 1812, pp. 1105-6.

[520]: Ibid. p. 1108.

[521]: Luttrell.

[522]: Journals of the House of Commons, vol. xvii. p. 514.

[523]: The part of this Act specially bearing upon newspapers was a stamp duty for thirty-two years from August 1, 1712: 'And be it Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, that there shall be Raised, Levied, Collected and Paid, to and for the Use of Her Majesty, her Heirs and Successors, for and upon all Books or Papers commonly called Pamphlets, and for and upon all News Papers, or Papers containing Publick News, Intelligence or Occurrences, which shall, at any time or times within or during the Term last mentioned, be printed in Great Britain to be Dispersed and made Publick, and for and upon such Advertisements as are herein after mentioned the respective Duties following; That is to say.

'For every such Pamphlet or Paper contained in Half a Sheet or any lesser Piece of Paper, so Printed, the sum of One half penny.

'For every such Pamphlet or Paper (being larger than Half a Sheet, not exceeding one Whole Sheet) so printed, a Duty after the Rate of One Penny Sterling for every Printed Copy thereof.

'And for every such Pamphlet or Paper, being larger than One Whole Sheet, and not exceeding Six Sheets in Octavo, or in a Lesser Page, or not exceeding Twelve Sheets in Quarto, or Twenty Sheets in Folio, so Printed, a Duty after the Rate of Two Shillings Sterling for every Sheet of any kind of Paper which shall be contained in One Printed Copy thereof.

'And for every Advertisement to be Contained in the London Gazette or any other printed Paper, such Paper being Dispersed or made publick Weekly, or oftner, the Sum of Twelve Pence Sterling.' Acts of Parliament were exempt.

[524]: No. 445, July 31, 1712.

[525]: Daily Courant, Nov. 10, 1705.

[526]: Broth.

[527]: Harl. MSS. 5931-85.

[528]: Daily Courant, June 23, 1707.

[529]: The Dispensary, by Thos. Brown.

[530]: Spectator, No. 16.

[531]: London Spy.

[532]: The Dispensary.

[533]: Essay on Criticism.

[534]: A very long list of medical works of the time can be seen at the end of Dr. Garth's poem of The Dispensary, ed. 1699, B. M. 840 h. 6/2.

[535]: Miss Tempest, one of Queen Anne's Maids of Honour.

[536]: The Tatler, No. 44.

[537]: Journal, April 11, 1711.

[538]: Diary, July 14, 1714.

[539]: In the Banqueting Hall, Whitehall.

[540]: On this occasion there were 300.

[541]: These 'touch pieces' had on one side St. George overcoming the dragon, and were called 'angels.'

[542]: Oct 8, 1702.

[543]: Luttrell, March 20, 1703.

[544]: Journal, May 8, 1711.

[545]:

'If the pale Walker pants with weak'ning Ills,
His sickly Hand is stor'd with Friendly Bills:
From hence he learns the seventh born Doctor's Fame,
From hence he learns the cheapest Tailor's name.'
—Trivia, book 2.

[546]: London Spy.

[547]: Spectator, No. 154.

[548]: Epsom Wells, Shadwell.

[549]: The Tatler, No. 59.

[550]: The London Spy.

[551]: Spectator, 112.

[552]: Spectator, 383.

[553]: 'A Satyr Address'd to a Friend that is about to leave the University, and come abroad in the World,' by Mr. John Oldham, ed. 1703.

[554]: Tatler, 255.

[555]: The English Lady's Catechism.

[556]: Journal to Stella, Oct. 6, 1711.

[557]: Tatler, 370.

[558]: Journal to Stella, May 5, 1711.

[559]: Banks Coll., Brit. Mus., 1890, e. The Combatants are Bishop (then Dr.) Hoadly and Dr. Sacheverell—the Seconds, Drs. Burgess and Harris.

[560]: This statement was afterwards modified in the Globe of June 21, 1882. 'The Report of the auditor, Mr. Charles Garlant, states that the cost of administration of the bounty fund is approximately 17s. 6d. per cent. on the receipts and payments generally, and £2 10s. per cent. if items on capital account are altogether excluded.'

[561]: The Weekly Comedy, Jan. 2, 1708.

[562]: The Protestant Post Boy, Nov 17/20, 1711.

[563]: Luttrell, Jan. 25, 1705.

[564]: Flying Post., Feb. 17/20, 1705.

[565]: Luttrell, Sept. 26, 1704.

[566]: The Flying Post, July 17/20, 1714.

[567]: The Common people call them Seventh Day Men.

[568]: Journal to Stella, Jan. 15, 1712.

[569]: Spectator, 21.

[570]: A Comical View of London and Westminster.

[571]: Lives of the Lord Chancellors, etc., Lord Campbell.

[572]: 'An Useful Companion: or a Help at Hand. Being a Convenient Pocket Book.' Lond. 1709.

[573]: The Lying Lover, ed. 1704.

[574]: A Touch of the Times.

[575]: A Walk Round London and Westminster.

[576]: An Useful Companion.

[577]: Trivia.

[578]: Tatler, No. 7.

[579]: A play upon the word unmarred (unspoilt).

[580]: Tatler, 238.

[581]: Ibid., No. 9.

[582]: Habits and Cryes of the City of London, 1709.

[583]: Pies.

[584]: Rabbit.

[585]: Raree Show.

[586]: Glass Horns.

[587]: An itinerant pastrycook, mentioned in Spectator, 362, &c.

[588]: The London Spy.

[589]: Amusements Serious and Comical, calculated for the Meridian of London.

[590]: Tatler, 166.

[591]: Misson.

[592]: Diary, June 15, 1712.

[593]: At every tenth house.

[594]: The invention of Edmund Heming.

[595]: Misson.

[596]: Tatler, Nov. 19/22.

[597]: British Curiosities in Nature and Art, 1713.

[598]: London Spy.

[599]: The Beau's Duel, Mrs. Centlivre.

[600]: Love's Contrivance, Mrs. Centlivre.

[601]: At Kensington.

[602]: Luttrell's Diary, Dec. 10, 1709.

[603]: The Gamester.

[604]: Bully Dawson is supposed to be the original of Captain Hackum in Shadwell's play of 'The Squire of Alsatia,' and is mentioned by Steele in No. 2 of the Spectator, when he speaks of Sir Roger de Coverley having 'kick'd Bully Dawson in a publick Coffee House for calling him Youngster.'

[605]: Tatler, 77.

[606]: Brit. Mus. 816 m. 19/74.

[607]: A tuck was a short sword.

[608]: Spectator, 324.

[609]: Spectator, 347.

[610]: London Spy.

[611]: Daily Courant, Sept. 18, 1704.

[612]: Luttrell's Diary.

[613]: Journal to Stella, May 9, 1711.

[614]: Brit. Mus. E. 1992/4.

[615]: Brit. Mus. 515 l. 2/215.

[616]: Luttrell, June 12, 1708.

[617]: A Walk round London and Westminster.

[618]: The Funeral.

[619]: Tunbridge Walks.

[620]: The Recruiting Officer.

[621]: A Walk round London and Westminster.

[622]: The London Spy.

[623]: Post Boy, Oct. 7/9, 1712.

[624]: Gazette, Sept. 23/27, 1712.

[625]: See page [409].

[626]: Luttrell, March 12, 1706.

[627]: Tatler, No. 28.

[628]: Flying Post, April 2/4, 1702.

[629]: Ibid., April 4/7, 1702.

[630]: Daily Courant, March 4, 1703.

[631]: Luttrell, July 14, 1709.

[632]: Ibid., Oct. 31, 1702.

[633]: The Basset Table.

[634]: A Walk round London and Westminster.

[635]: A Voyage to the South Sea and round the World perform'd in the Years 1708, 1709, 1710, and 1711, etc.

[636]: Tyburn.

[637]: Usually three.

[638]: History of the Lives of the most noted Highwaymen, etc., by Capt. Alexander Smith, 1714.

[639]: Ibid.

[640]: See page [401].

[641]: Brit. Mus. E. 625/14.

[642]: Smith's Lives of Highwaymen.

[643]: Ibid.

[644]: Gagged.

[645]: Black letter, which was of later date than that text now termed Gothic.

[646]: Luttrell, Aug. 31, 1706.

[647]: Smith's Lives of Highwaymen, etc.

[648]: Spectator, 130.

[649]: This of course should read 1708.

[650]: The Post Boy, March 5/8, 1709.

[651]: Luttrell, Aug. 14, 1703.

[652]: Misson.

[653]: Misson.

[654]: The Shepherd's Week—The Dumps.

[655]: Hickelty Pickelty.

[656]: Hatton's New View of London, 1708.

[657]: London Spy.

[658]: See [Appendix].

[659]: The Lying Lover.

[660]: Smith's Lives of Highwaymen.

[661]: Hall's Memoirs.

[662]: New View of London.

[663]: Spectator, 82.

[664]: London Spy.

[665]: Luttrell's Diary.

[666]: A narrow alley leading from Lincoln's Inn Fields to Holborn.

[667]: The figure half round is the Hey half round, the whole figure is the Hey all four round.