CONTENTS.
(Pages 11-30.)
Definition and Divisions of Literature, page [11].—Origin and Relationship of Languages, [12].—The Aryans, [13].—Aryan Languages, [16].—Semitic Languages, [16].—Turanian Languages, [17].—Written Language, [18].—Ideographic Writing, [18].—Phonetic Writing, [19].—Modes of Writing and Pointing, [20].—Ancient Writing Materials, [21].—General View of Ancient Literature, [25].
ANCIENT ORIENTAL LITERATURES.
[Chapter I].—Hindoo Literature.
(Pages 31-60.)
Sanscrit Language, [31].—Sanscrit Alphabet, [32].—Sanscrit Researches, [33].—The Veda, [34].—The Upavedas, [35].—The Purânas, [35].—Social Life of the Vedic People, [37].—Code of Manu, [38].—Epic Poetry, [40].—The Râmâyana, [40].—The Mahâbhârata, [43].—Lyric and Didactic Poetry, [46].—Kalidâsa, [46].—Jayadeva, [48].—Gitagovinda, [49].—The Sanscrit Shakespeare, [50].—Sakoontalâ, [50].—The Hindoo Drama, [54].—Tales and Fables, [56].—History and Grammar, [57].—Buddhist Literature, [58].—Writing Materials of the Hindoos, [60].
[Chapter II].—Persian Literature.
(Pages 60-67.)
Avesta Tongue, [60].—Zoroaster, [61].—The Avesta, [62].—Avesta Philosophy, [63].—Persian Inscriptions, [65].—Rock of Behistun, [65].—The Royal Library, [67].
[Chapter III].—Chinese Literature.
(Pages 67-83.)
Chinese Language, [67].—Chinese Writing, [68].—Antiquity of Chinese Literature, [69].—Confucius, [70].—The Chinese Classics, [73].—The Four Shoo, [77].—The Confucian Analects, [77].—Mencius, [79].—Spirit of the Chinese Classics, [80].—Lao-Tse, [82].
[Chapter IV].—Hebrew Literature.
(Pages 83-104.)
The Semitic Languages and their Distribution, [84].—The Ancient Hebrew, [85].—Hebrew Alphabet, [86].—Spirit of Hebrew Poetry, [88].—Parallelism, [89].—Dawn of Hebrew Literature, [90].—The Books of Moses, [90].—The Historical Books, [92].—The Book of Job, [93].—Golden Age of Hebrew Poetry, [93].—The Psalms, [93].—Elegiac Poetry, [94].—Didactic Poetry, [95].—Prophetic Poetry, [96].—Silver Age, [97].—The Apocrypha, [99].—The Talmud, [100].
[Chapter V].—Chaldean, Assyrian, Arabic, and Phœnician Literatures.
(Pages 104-117.)
Cuneiform Letters, [104].—Assyrio-Babylonian Writing Materials, [106].—Golden Age of Babylonian Literature, [107].—Deluge Tablets, [112].—Arabic Literature, [114].—Himyaritic Inscriptions, [114].—Phœnician Literature, [115].—Carthaginian Relics, [116].
[Chapter VI].—Egyptian Literature.
(Pages 117-131.)
Egyptian Language, [118].—The Rosetta Stone, [119].—Hieroglyphic Writing, [120], [121].—Archaic Age of Egyptian Literature, [122].—Classical Age, [123].—Memoirs of Saneha, [124].—Tale of Snake Island, [125].—Minstrel’s Song, [126].—Golden Age, [126].—Book of the Dead, [126],127.—Hymns, [128].—Epic Poetry, [129].—Authorship, [130].
GRECIAN LITERATURE.
[Chapter I].—Birth of Grecian Literature.
(Pages 133-138.)
Early Settlement of Greece, [133].—Pelasgi and Hellenes, [134].—The Greek Language, [135].—Earliest Forms of Poetry, [137].—Legendary Poets, [138].
[Chapter II].—Age of Epic Poetry.
(Pages 139-156.)
Homer, [139].—The Iliad, [141].—The Odyssey, [147].—Minor Poems of Homer, [150].—Cyclic Poets, [152].—Hesiod and his Works, [152].—Poets of the Epic Cycle, [156].
[Chapter III].—Lyric Poetry.
(Pages 157-178.)
Rise and Varieties of Lyric Poetry, [157].—Callinus, [159].—Tyrtæus, [160].—Archilochus, [161].—Æolic and Doric Schools, [163].—Alcæus, [164].—The Lesbian Poetesses, [164].—Sappho, [165].—Sappho’s Pupils, [171].—Anacreon, [172].—Simonides, [174].—Minor Lyric Poets, [177].
[Chapter IV].—Rise of Greek Prose.
(Pages 178-184.)
Earliest Prose Writings, [178].—The Seven Sages, [179].—Solon, [179].—Thales, [180].—Æsop, [181].—Progress of Greek Prose, [182].—Early Philosophers and Historians, [183].
[Chapter V].—Golden Age of Grecian Literature.
(Pages 184-262.)
The Attic Period, [184].—Pindar, [185].—Antimachus, [192].—Dramatic Poetry, [192].—Æschylus, [194].—“Prometheus Chained,” [196].—Sophocles, [200].—“King Œdipus,” [202].—Euripides, [207].—“Medea,” [209].—Greek Comedy, [212].—Aristophanes, [213].—“The Clouds,” [214].—“The Birds,” [219].—History, [221].—Herodotus, [222].—Thucydides, [225].—Xenophon, [229].—Ctesias and Theopompus, [233].—Philosophy, [234].—The Ionic and Italic Schools, [234].—Pythagoras, [235].—Empedocles, [236].—Xenophanes, [237].—Democritus, [237].—School of Epicurus, [238].—Pyrrho, the Skeptic, [238].—The Socratic School, [239].—Plato and the Academic School, [241].—“Phædo,” [244].—Aristotle and the Peripatetic School, [247].—Aristotle’s Writings, [248].—Theophrastus, [252].—The Stoic School, [253].—The Cynics, [254].—Oratory, [255].—Demosthenes, [256].—The Speech “On the Crown,” [257].—Æschines, [260].
[Chapter VI].—The Alexandrian Period.
(Pages 262-280.)
Decline of Letters, [262].—The New Comedy, [263].—Menander, [264].—Philemon, [265].—Pastoral Poetry, [266].—Theocritus, [266].—Bion and Moschus, [269].—The Museum, [272].—The Alexandrian Library, [273].—Poetry at Alexandria, [274].—Callimachus, [274].—Apollonius Rhodius, [275].—Writers on Science, [276].—Critics and Grammarians, [277].—History, [277].—Polybius, [278].—The Septuagint, [279].
[Chapter VII].—Later Greek Literature.
(Pages 230-302.)
Decay of Greek Genius, [280].—Writers of the First Century B.C., [281].—Writers of the First Three Christian Centuries, [284].—Plutarch, [285].—Lucian, [288].—Pausanias, [292].—Origen, [293].—Neo-Platonism, [293].—Longinus, [294].—Athanasius and Chrysostom, [294].—Novel writers, [295].—Hierocles, [295].—Byzantine Literature, [297].—The Greek Anthology, [297].—Gems of Greek Thought, [300].
ROMAN LITERATURE.
[Chapter I].—Latin and its Oldest Monuments.
(Pages 303-307.)
Italy Peopled, [303].—The Latin Language, [304].—Ancient Latin Relics, [305].
[Chapter II].—Dawn of Roman Literature.
(Pages 307-329.)
Indebtedness of Rome to Greek Authors, [307].—The Roman Drama, [308].—Livius Andronicus, [309].—Cneius Nævius, [310].—Ennius, [311].—Plautus, [312].—“The Captives,” [313].—Terence, [315].—“The Self-Tormentor,” [317].—Decline of the Drama, [319].—Epic Poetry, [320].—Nævius and Ennius as Epic Poets, [320].—Satiric Poetry, [322].—Lucilius, [323].—Early Latin Prose, [324].—Cato the Censor, [324].—Lælius, Scipio, and the Gracchi, [326].—Antonius, Crassus, and Hortensius, [327].—Minor Historians and Orators, [328].
[Chapter III].—Golden Age of Roman Literature.
(Pages 329-388.)
Periods of the Golden Age, [329].—Cicero, [330].—Varro, [337].—Julius Cæsar, [339].—Sallust, [343].—Cornelius Nepos, [347].—Poets of the Ciceronian Period, [348].—Lucretius, [348].—Catullus, [352].—Poetry of the Augustan Age, [354].—Virgil, [355].—Virgil’s Eclogues, [359].—Georgics, [360].—Æneid, [362].—Horace, [369].—Varius, [375].—Tibullus, [375].—Propertius, [377].—Ovid, [379].—Prose Writers of the Augustan Age, [382].—Livy, [382].
[Chapter IV].—Age of Decline.
(Pages 388-428.)
Silver Age of Roman Letters, [388].—Velleius Paterculus, [389].—Valerius Maximus, [389].—Celsus, [390].—Phædrus, [390].—Persius, [392].—Seneca, [394].—Lucan, [397].—Pliny the Elder, [401].—Martial, [404].—Statius, [405].—Sulpitia, [406].—Quintilian, [407].—Juvenal, [408].—Tacitus, [412].—Suetonius, [415].—Pliny the Younger. [418].—Apuleius, 420.—Latin Fathers, [421].—Specimens of Later Latin Poetry, [423].—Gems of Latin Thought, [425].
HISTORY OF ANCIENT LITERATURE.