The People’s History of Ireland, Volume I
DANIEL O’CONNELL
THE WORLD’S BEST HISTORIES
❧
IRELAND
THE PEOPLE’S HISTORY OF IRELAND
IN TWO VOLUMES
BY
JOHN F. FINERTY
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED IRISH LEAGUE OF AMERICA
ILLUSTRATED
VOLUME I
THE CO-OPERATIVE PUBLICATION SOCIETY
NEW YORK AND LONDON
Copyright 1904
By P. F. COLLIER & SON
Ireland
HISTORY OF IRELAND
VOLUME ONE
Ireland—1
Vol. I
CONTENTS
BOOK I
| Dealing with the Story of the Irish People from the Earliest Period to the Advent of the Reformation in the Sixteenth Century | [a]1] |
CHAPTER I
| Prefatory—Territorial Divisions of Ireland—Physical Features of the Country—Peculiarities of Soil, Climate, and Scenery | [3] |
CHAPTER II
| Further of the Characteristics and Resources of the Island—Present Form of Government | [12] |
CHAPTER III
| The Original Inhabitants of Ireland | [19] |
CHAPTER IV
| The Religion of Ancient Ireland—Many Writers say it was Worship of the Sun, Moon, and Elements | [24] |
CHAPTER V
| Advent of St. Patrick—His Wonderful Apostolic Career in Ireland—A Captive and a Swineherd for Years, he Escapes and becomes the Regenerator of the Irish Nation | [29] |
CHAPTER VI
| Ancient Laws and Government of the Irish | [35] |
CHAPTER VII
| Period of Danish Invasion | [47] |
CHAPTER VIII
| Battle of Clontarf, A.D. 1014—Total Overthrow of the Danish Army and Power in Ireland | [52] |
CHAPTER IX
| Desolating Civil Wars Among the Irish | [58] |
CHAPTER X
| The Norman-Welsh Invasion of Ireland—Their Landing in Wexford | [63] |
CHAPTER XI
| Superior Armament of the Normans—Arrival of Henry II | [72] |
CHAPTER XII
| Prince John “Lackland” Created “Lord” of Ireland—Splendid Heroism of Sir Armoricus Tristram | [79] |
CHAPTER XIII
| Ireland Under the Earlier Edwards—The Younger Bruce Elected King by the Irish—Battle of Athenry—Death of Bruce at Faughart Hill | [86] |
CHAPTER XIV
| Prince Lionel Viceroy for Edward III—The Statute of Kilkenny | [91] |
CHAPTER XV
| Richard II’s Invasions—Heroic Art MacMurrough | [95] |
CHAPTER XVI
| Ireland During the Wars of the Roses | [101] |
BOOK II
| Treating of Irish Affairs from the Period of the Reformation to the Exile and Death of the Ulster Princes in the Reign of James I | [109] |
CHAPTER I
| The “Reformation”—New Cause of Discord in Ireland | [111] |
CHAPTER II
| The Reformation Period Continued—Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth, and “John the Proud” | [117] |
CHAPTER III
| The Geraldine War—Hugh O’Neill and “Red Hugh” O’Donnell | [123] |
CHAPTER IV
| Confiscation of Desmond’s Domains—English Plantation of Munster | [130] |
CHAPTER V
| Conditions in Ulster Before the Revolt of O’Neill | [133] |
CHAPTER VI
| O’Neill Draws the Sword—Victories of Clontibret and Armagh | [136] |
CHAPTER VII
| Ireland Still Victorious—Battles of Tyrrell’s Pass and Drumfluich | [141] |
CHAPTER VIII
| Irish Victory of the Yellow Ford, Called the Bannockburn of Ireland | [145] |
CHAPTER IX
| How O’Neill Baffled Essex—O’Donnell’s Victory of the Curlew Mountains | [149] |
CHAPTER X
| King Philip Sends Envoys to O’Neill—The Earl of Mountjoy Lord Deputy | [153] |
CHAPTER XI
| Ireland’s Fortunes Take a Bad Turn—Defeat of O’Neill and O’Donnell at Kinsale | [158] |
CHAPTER XII
| Sad Death of O’Donnell in Spain—Heroic Defence of Dunboy | [166] |
CHAPTER XIII
| Wane of Irish Resistance—O’Neill Surrenders to Mountjoy at Mellifont | [170] |
CHAPTER XIV
| Treachery of James I to the Irish Chiefs—“The Flight of the Earls” | [174] |
BOOK III
| Recording the Doings of the English and Irish, in Ireland, from the Time of James I to the Jacobite Wars in the Days of James II and William III | [183] |
CHAPTER I
| Confiscations and Penal Laws—The Iron Rule of Lord Strafford | [185] |
CHAPTER II
| Irish Military Exiles—Rory O’More Organizes a Great Insurrection | [192] |
CHAPTER III
| Horrors of Civil War in Ulster—Battle of Kilrush—Rory O’More Disappears from History | [200] |
CHAPTER IV
| Proceedings of the Confederation of Kilkenny—Arrival of Owen Roe O’Neill and Rinuccini | [208] |
CHAPTER V
| Treason of Ormond to the Catholic Cause—Owen Roe O’Neill, Aided by the Nuncio, Prepares to Fight | [218] |
CHAPTER VI
| The Famous Irish Victory of Benburb—Cruel Murder of the Catholic Bishop of Ross | [221] |
CHAPTER VII
| Ormond’s Treacherous Surrender of Dublin—Ireland’s Choice of Two Evils | [226] |
CHAPTER VIII
| “The Curse of Cromwell”—Massacres of Drogheda and Wexford—Death of Sir Phelim O’Neill | [230] |
CHAPTER IX
| Sad Fate of the Vanquished—Cruel Executions and Wholesale Confiscations | [236] |
CHAPTER X
| Ireland Further Scourged Under Charles II—Murder of Archbishop Plunket—Accession of James II | [240] |
CHAPTER XI
| Well-Meant but Imprudent Policy of King James—England Invites William of Orange to Assume the Throne | [245] |
CHAPTER XII
| Irish Soldiers Ill-Treated in England—Policy of Tyrconnel—King James Chosen by the Irish Nation | [253] |
BOOK IV
| Chronicling Important Events in Ireland from the Arrival of James II in that Country until the Departure of the Duke of Berwick to France after the First Siege of Limerick, in 1690 | [259] |
CHAPTER I
| King James in Ireland—Enthusiastic Reception of Him by the Irish People—Military Operations | [261] |
CHAPTER II
| Jacobites Foiled at Londonderry—Mountcashel Defeated at Newtown Butler—King James’s Irish Parliament | [264] |
CHAPTER III
| King James’s Imprudent Acts—Witty Retort of a Protestant Peer—Architectural Features of Dublin | [268] |
CHAPTER IV
| Composition of the Hostile Armies—King William Arrives in Ireland—Narrowly Escapes Death on Eve of Battle | [271] |
CHAPTER V
| Battle of the Boyne—Death of Marshal Schomberg—Valor of Irish Cavalry—Inexcusable Flight of King James | [277] |
CHAPTER VI
| Irish Army Retires on “The Line of the Shannon”—Douglas Repulsed at Athlone—King William Begins Siege of Limerick—Sarsfield’s Exploit | [286] |
CHAPTER VII
| William’s Assault on Limerick Repulsed with Slaughter—Heroism of the Irish Women—Irish Humanity to the English Wounded | [294] |
CHAPTER VIII
| Fall of Cork and Kinsale—Lauzun, the French General, Accused by Irish Writers—Sarsfield’s Popularity—Tyrconnel Returns to Ireland—Berwick Departs | [302] |
BOOK V
| Recording Important Events from the Arrival of General St. Ruth in Limerick to his Glorious Death at the Battle of Aughrim, in July, 1691 | [311] |
CHAPTER I
| General St Ruth Arrives at Limerick to Command the Irish Army—His Marvelous Activity—Brave and Able, but Vain and Obstinate | [313] |
CHAPTER II
| De Ginkel Besieges Athlone—Memorable Resistance of the Irish Garrison—The Battle at the Bridge—St. Ruth’s Fatuous Obstinacy—Town Taken by Surprise | [318] |
CHAPTER III
| The Irish Army Falls Back and Takes Post at Aughrim—Description of the Field—Disposition of the Irish Forces—Baal Dearg O’Donnell’s Apathy | [326] |
CHAPTER IV
| De Ginkel Marches After St. Ruth—The Latter Prepares to “Conquer or Die”—His Speech to the Irish Army on the Eve of Fighting | [332] |
CHAPTER V
| Decisive Battle of Aughrim—It Opens Favorably for the Irish—Desperate Fighting in the Centre and at Urachree—Fortune or Treason Favors De Ginkel | [336] |
CHAPTER VI
| Battle of Aughrim Continued—Its Crisis—The English Turn Irish Left—St. Ruth Killed by Cannon Ball—Confusion and Final Defeat of Irish Army | [342] |
CHAPTER VII
| Mortality Among Officers of Rank on Both Sides—Acknowledged English Loss at Aughrim—English and Irish Comments on Conduct of Battle | [350] |
BOOK VI
| Treating of the Period from the Second Siege of Limerick, in 1691, to the Dissolution of the Exiled Franco-Irish Brigade a Century Later | [361] |
CHAPTER I
| Second Siege of Limerick—Terrific Bombardment—The English, Aided by Treachery, Cross the Shannon—Massacre of Thomond Bridge | [363] |
CHAPTER II
| Capitulation of Limerick—Terms of the Famous “Violated Treaty”—Cork Harbor Tragedy | [371] |
CHAPTER III
| The Irish Troops, as a Majority, Enter the French Service—King James Receives Them Cordially—His Testimony of Their Devotion and Courage | [383] |
CHAPTER IV
| Early Exploits of the Irish Brigade in the Service of France—At Landen, Cremona, and Blenheim—Tribute Paid it by an English Historian | [388] |
CHAPTER V
| The Irish Brigade in the Campaigns of North Italy and Flanders—Its Strength at Various Periods—Count Dillon’s Reply to King Louis XV | [393] |
CHAPTER VI
| The Austrian Succession—Campaign of 1745—Magnificent Achievement of the Irish Brigade at Fontenoy—Prince Louis’s Adieu to the Heroes | [399] |
BOOK VII
| Narrating the Many Penal Statutes Against the Catholics, and Carrying the Story Down to the Acquirement of a Free Commerce by the Irish Parliament, under the Leadership of Grattan, a.d. 1780 | [409] |
CHAPTER I
| Anti-Catholic Penal Laws—Their Drastic, Brutal and Absurd Provisions—Professional Informers, Called “Priest-Hunters” | [411] |
CHAPTER II
| Restrictions on Irish Trade and Manufactures—All Creeds Suffer—Presbyterian Exodus to America—Death of Royal Personages—Accession of George I | [424] |
CHAPTER III
| Further Commercial Restrictions—Continued Exodus of Working People—Jonathan Swift—“The Patriot Party”—Tyranny of Primate Boulter | [431] |
CHAPTER IV
| Official Extravagance—Charles Lucas, Leader of Irish Opposition—Chesterfield Viceroy—His Recall—Dorset’s Vile Administration | [439] |
CHAPTER V
| More Persecution of Catholics Under George II—Secret Committee Formed—Snubbed by the Speaker—Received by the Viceroy—Anti-Union Riot in Dublin | [447] |
CHAPTER VI
| Accession of George III—His Character—Boasts of Being “a Briton”—Death of Dr. Lucas—Lord Townsend’s Novel Idea of Governing Ireland—Septennial Parliament Refused | [452] |
CHAPTER VII
| The Peace of Paris—Agrarian Warfare in Ireland—Judicial Murder of Father Sheehy—All who Swore Against Him Die Violent Deaths—Secret Societies | [457] |
CHAPTER VIII
| Flood and Grattan—Sudden Rise of the Latter—Speaks for a Free Commerce—The Volunteer Movement—England Yields to Irish Demand | [462] |