INDEX.
Abbott, Sir J. J. C., [415]
Abenakis, [114]; allies of French, [212]
Abercromby, General, defeated by Montcalm, [245]
Acadia, meaning; of, [5]; its modern divisions, [5]; occupied by De Monts, [50-54]; history of, as French possession, [92-109], [203], [206-208]; ceded to England; [208]; French inhabitants of, [218]; their unhappy fate, [231-236]
Acadians, expulsion of, [231-236]
Aix-la-Chapelle, Treaty of, [219]
À la clair fontaine, French Canadian ballad, [452]
Alaska, discovery of gold in, [430]
Alaskan boundary award, [430], [461]
Alcide and Lys, French frigates, captured by English, [229]
Alexander, Sir W. (Lord Stirling), receives rights in Acadia, and names Nova Scotia, [89]
Alfonce, Captain Jehan, French pilot, [47]
Algonquin Indians, [114]; tribal divisions of, [114], [115]; customs of, [123-128]; illustration of, [111]
Alverstone, Lord, Chief Justice of England, [430]
American Canadian Waterways Commission, [478]
American Revolution, War of, attitude of French Canadians during, [282]; Canada invaded, [283], [284]; Montreal taken, [283]; Quebec besieged, [285-287]; death of Montgomery, [285]; American troops retire from Canada, [286], [287]; defeat of Cornwallis, [288]; peace, ib.
Amherst, General, [242], [245]
Amundsen, Roald, [465]
Anglo-Japanese Treaty, [480]
Annapolis (Port Royal), valley of, [51], [52]; old capital of Nova Scotia, [206]. See Port Royal
Anse-an-Foulon (Wolfe's Cove), Wolfe ascends Quebec heights from, [254-256]; Montgomery's march from, [285]
Antillia, [21]
Archibald, Adams, first Governor of Manitoba, [392]
Arctic Exploration, [464]
Argall, Samuel, destroys St. Sauveur and Port Royal in Acadia, [64], [65]
Arms of the Dominion. See cover of this volume [Transcriber's note: missing from book]
Armistice, [469]
Arnold, General Benedict, his expedition against Quebec, [284-286]; raises siege, [286]
Arthur, Sir George, Canadian Governor, [355]
Ashburton Treaty, [375]
Assembly, Legislative, first at Halifax, [302]; at Quebec, [306]; in other provinces, [302], [303]. See Legislatures, House of Commons
Assiniboia. See Red River
Association of Nations, [457], [467]
Astrolabe, lost by Champlain, [79]
Atlantis, island of, [12]
Ayleswurth, Mr. A. B., [430]
Autonomy Bills, [461]
Baie Verte, Fort at, [229], [230]
Baldwin, Robert, Canadian reformer, [342], [350], [364]; portrait of, [365]
Ballads of French Canada, [450-453]
Bank of England, [468]
Barre, La, Canadian Governor, [195]
Batoche, fight at (in 1885), [397]
Beaujeu, Captain de, defeats Braddock, [230]
Beauséjour, Fort, [229]; captured by English, [230]
Bedard, French Canadian journalist, [313], [314]
Bering Sea question, [324]
Biard, Father, Jesuit missionary, [61], [64]
Biencourt, son of Baron de Poutrincourt, [60]; his Acadian career, [60-65], [94]; death of, [94]
Bienville, father of Louisiana, [225]
Big Bear, Indian chief, [395], [398]
Bigot, Canadian Intendant, his crimes, [249]; punishment of, [267]
Binyon, Laurence, [466]
Borden, Sir Robert, [464], [468], [473], [475]
Boston, City of, founded, [100]
Bougainville, siege of Quebec, [253], [254], [256]; his later career, [253]
Boundaries of Canada under Quebec Act, [266], [277]; treaty of peace of 1783, [289]; in 1842 (Ashburton treaty), [375]; in 1856 (Oregon), [375]; after confederation in 1867, [380]; in 1896, [4], [5]
Bourgeoys, Margaret, founder of Congregation de Notre-Dame in Canada, [136]
Bourgoyne, General, defeated at Saratoga, [288]
Bourlamaque, General, [248], [254]
Bowell, Mackenzie, Canadian premier, [394], [415]
Braddock, General, defeated at Monongahela, [230]
Brant, Joseph ("Thayendanegea"), Mohawk chief, [298-300]; autograph and portrait of, [299]
Brantford, named after Indian chief, [300]. See Brant
Brebeuf, Jean de, Jesuit Missionary, [86]; his heroism and death, [142]; relic of, [143]
Bressani, Jesuit Missionary, [138]
Brion, Seigneur de, French Admiral, [32]
British Columbia, scenery of, [16], [17]; history of, [404], [405]; enters Canadian confederation, [406]; Indians of, [402]
British North America Act of 1867, unites Canadian provinces, [374], [428]
British troops and warships withdrawn, [433]
Brock, Major-General, during war of 1812; defeats Hull, [322]; dies at battle of Queenston Heights, ib.; portrait of, [323]; monument to, [336]
Brockville, city of, [324]
Brodeur, Hon. Mr. L. P., [433]
Brown, George, Canadian journalist and statesman, [372]; political career, [372], [406-408]; his part in confederation, [372], [410], [412]; autograph and portrait of, [409]; monument to, [413]
Bruce, John, at Red River (1869), [388]
Brulé, Etienne, Indian interpreter, [81], [84], [85]
Bullion, Madam de, founder of Montreal Hôtel de Dieu, [134]
Cabot, John, discovers North American Continent, [21-23]
Calèche in French Canada, [443]
Callières, Canadian governor, [204]; makes peace with Iroquois, ib.
Campbell, Sir Colin, Governor of Nova Scotia, [362]
Campbell, W. Wilfred, Canadian poet, [181]
Canada, divisions of, [1-18]; name of, [7]; discovery of, [34], [35]; river of, [35]; Quebec, ancient capital of, [70]; government of, under France, [156-167]; ceded to England, [263]; military régime of, [268]; political state from 1763, [338-379]; confederation of, [370-374], [391], [392], [404]; railway building, [416]; canals and waterways, [418]; growth of manufacturing industries, [419], [420]; bounty system, [419]; population of, in 1908, [424], [425]; French population of, [425]; intellectual progress of, [425-429]; revenue and expenditure, [425]; government of, [426-429], relations with England, [428-429]; awakening of national consciousness, [432]; treaty-making power still withheld from, [433]; map of (1643), [44]; (1745), [221]; (1896), opposite p. [1]. See French Canadians
Canadian Air Board, [480]
Canadian Manufacturers' Association, [422]
Canadian Pacific Railway, [392], [396], [414], [417]
Canals of Canada, [358]
Cape Breton, Island of; discovered, [23-26]; named Île Royale, [210]; ceded to England, [215]; restored to France, [219]; ceded again to England, [264]; government of, under France, [210], [211]; part of Nova Scotia, [303]. See Louisbourg
Card money of French Canada, [162]
Carignan-Salières regiment, [152], [166]
Carleton, General (Sir Guy), at siege of Quebec, [250]; Canadian Governor, [277]; saves Canada, [280], [283-287]; becomes Lord Dorchester and again Governor, [301]
Caroline, burning of steamer, [354]
Caron, Sir Adolphe, [396]
Cartier, Jacques, his voyages, [30-46]; autograph and portrait of, [31]; discovers Canada, [34]; first map of his discoveries, [44]; death of, [46]
Cartier, Sir George, Canadian statesman, [372]; his character and services to Canada, [408-412]; autograph and portrait of, [411]; monument to, [413]
Cartwright, Sir Richard, Canadian statesman, [298]
Cascade Mountains, [17]
Cataraqui (Kingston), [184]
Cayngas, division of Iroquois Confederacy, [118]. See Iroquois
Celéron, in the Ohio Valley, [223]
Chaleur, Bay of, discovered, [32]
Champlain, Helen, wife of Samuel Champlain, [77]
Champlain, Lake, name of, [73]
Champlain, Samuel, [48]; first autograph and portrait of, [69]; founds Quebec, [70]; battles with the Iroquois, [72-75], [81-85]; first visit to the Ottawa region, [78-80:] his lost astrolabe, [79]; discovers Lake Huron (mer douce), [82]; surrenders Quebec to Kirk, [88]; returns to Canada, [89]; death of, [90]; his services to Canada, [91]; visit to Canada, [149]
Chansons of French Canada. See Ballads
Charlottetown, city of, founded, [311]
Chartres, Fort, on the Illinois, [224]
Chateau St. Louis, history of, destroyed by fire, see frontispiece
Chateauguay, battle of, [328]; monument of, [337]
Cheveux Relévés, [116]
Chippawa-Queenston Canal, [476]
Chrystler's Farm, battle of. See War of 1812
Clergy Reserves, [346]; settled, [367]
Coalition Government, [467], [475]
Cobalt, [463]
Colbert, French Minister of State, [152-156]
Colborne, Sir John, Commander-in-Chief during Canadian rebellion of 1838, [352-357]
Commons. See House of Commons
Compagnie des Cents Associés, [86]; charter revoked, [152]
Confederation of Canada, [370-374], [380], [391], [392], [404], [406]
Congregation de Notre Dame, founded, [136]
Conscription, [467]
Constitutional Act of 1791, [303-305]; operation of, [309-315], [338-358]
Constitution of Dominion of Canada, [426-429]
Constitution of Provinces of Canada, [426], [427]
Convents in Canada, founded, [130] et seq.
Cortereal, Caspar and Miguel, Portuguese voyagers, [24]
Cosa, Juan de la, Spanish pilot, his map of 1500, [23], [25]
Costabelle, M. de, first governor of Cape Breton, [210]
Côtes, [166]
Coudres, Isle de, named, [35]
Courcelles, M. de, Canadian governor, [153]
Coureurs-de-bois, [170-176]
Craig, Sir James, Canadian governor, [312-314]
Crerar, Hon. T. A., [475]
Crévecour, Fort, on the Illinois, [186]
Crowfoot, Indian chief, [397]
Carrie, General Sir Arthur, [465]
Cut-Knife Creek, fight at (in 1885), [397]
Dairying, [423]
Daniel, Father, Jesuit missionary and martyr, [142]
D'Aunay, Chevalier, [98]; his feud with Charles de la Tour, [99-105]; death of, [105]; marriage of his widow, [106]
Dauphin map (1543), [44]
D'Avaugour, Baron, Canadian governor, [160]
Davin, Nicholas F., [458]
Dawson, Dr. G. M., Canadian scientist, [401]
"Découverte, La Nouvelle," by Father Hennepin, [187]
Demobilization, [469]
Demons, Isle of, [46]
Denonville, Marquis de, Canadian governor, [195]
Denys, Nicholas, in Acadia, [97], [106]
Detroit, history of, [207], [223], [270-272], [274]
Devonshire, Duke of, [474]
Diamond, Cape, [44]
Diamond Jubilee, [423]
Dieskau, Baron, defeated by Johnson, [231]
Dingley Act, [431]
Disarmament Conference, [475]
Dollard, Sieur des Ormeaux, his heroism, [151]
Dominion Police, [481]
Dominion of Canada. See Canada.
Donnacona, Indian King of Stadacona, [36], [42], [43]
Dorchester. See Carleton
Doukhobors, [425]
Druillètes, Gabriel, Jesuit missionary, [139], [140]
Drummond, General, wins battle of Lundy's Lane, [331]
Dufferin, Lord, Canadian governor, [380], [394]
Duhaut, La Salle's murderer, [190]
Duluth, Daniel Greysolon, [176], [187]
Dumont, Gabriel, half-breed leader in second Red River Rebellion, [395], [397]
Duquesne, Canadian governor, [223]
Durham, Lord, Canadian governor, [355]; his report on Canadian affairs, [340], [356], [361]
Earthquake of 1663 in Canada, [151]
Eboulements, Les, [151]
Education in Canada, [358], [359], [368], [425-428]
Edward (Lyman), Fort, [222]
Elections, 1900, 1911, 1917, 1921, [460], [463], [467], [475]
Elgin, Lord, Canadian Governor, [363]
England and Canada, relations between, [428-429]
Eries ("Racoons"), [117]
Etchemins ("Canoemen"), [114]
Falkland, Lord, Nova Scotian Governor, [362]
"Family Compact," [344]; broken up, [355]
Farming, the most important industry, [422-423]
Fenian Raids, [378]
Fielding, Mr. W. S., [433]
Fish Creek, fight at (in 1855), [396]; monument to dead, [400]
Fisheries of Canada, [324], [335], [375], [424]
Fitzgibbon. See War of 1812
Five Nations. See Iroquois
Forbes, General, [243]; in Ohio Valley, [246]
Foster, George A., Canadian statesman, [298]
Fraser River, [16], [17], [383]
Fréchette, Louis, French Canadian poet, [181]; his portrait, [449]
Frederic (Crown Point), Fort, [222]
Free Land, [482]
Free libraries, [426]
French Canada. See French Canadians
French Canadians, language of, [435-438]; villages of, [439-442]; attachment of, to Roman Catholic religion, [438-440], [447]; habits of, [446]; literature of, [448]; feelings of, towards England, and confederation, [454-456]
Frog Lake Massacre (in 1885), [395]
Frontenac, Count, Canadian Governor, [194-204]; character of, [193]; repulses Phipps at Quebec, [199-201]; humbles Onondagas, [203]; death of, [204]; autograph and statue of, [193]
Frontenac, Fort, [184], [195], [196], [246]; destroyed, [247]
Fruit-growing, [423]
Galissonnière, Canadian Governor, [222], [223]
Galt, Sir Alexander, Canadian statesman, [372]
Gannentaha, Onandaga French Mission, [148], [149]
Garmeau, F. X., French Canadian historian, [449]
Garry, Fort, [385], [388], [391]; view of, [389]
George, Lake, [137]; battle of, [231]
Germain, Lord George (Sackville), [287]
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, [43]
Gold, discovery of, in the Yukon and in Alaska, [430]
Gomez, Estevan, [27]
Gosford, Lord, Canadian Governor, [342], [352]
Gourlay, Robert, Canadian reformer, [344]; his ill-treatment, [345]
Government of Dominion of Canada, [426], [429]
Governor-General of Canada, [428]
Grand Trunk Railway, [416]; Pacific Railway, sections, [418]; Government subsidy granted, [418]; arbitration, [477]
Grasett, Colonel, in Riel's second rebellion (1885), [397]
Great Northern, [418]
Greenfield, Premier, [479]
Griffin, Le Salle's vessel, [186]
Grosseilliers, Sieur de, [170]
Guarantee Act, [416]
Guerchéville, Mme. de, [61]
Guyart, Marie (Mere de l'Incarnation), Superior of Ursulines, [132]; portrait of, [131]
Habitants, of French Canada, [163-167], [442-447]
Haldimand, General, Canadian governor, [287], [290], [301]
Hale, Horatio, on Indian legends, [113], [119]
Haliburton, Judge ("Sam Slick"), [360]; portrait of, [359]
Halifax, City of, founded, [222]; razed, [468]
Hampton, General, defeated at Chateauguay, [328]
Harvey, Colonel (Sir John), at Stoney Creek, [325]; in Nova Scotia, [363]
Head, Sir Francis Bond, [350-353], [355]
Hébert, French Canadian sculptor, [193], [449]
Helluland of the Norsemen, [20]
High Commission created, [430]
Hincks, Sir Francis, Canadian statesman, [367]
Hennepin, Father, his voyages, [187]
Hève, La, in Acadia, [98]
Hey, Chief Justice, [278]
Highways Act, [470]
Historians of Canada. See Bibliographical note at beginning of volume
Hochelaga (Montreal), Indian village of, [37-41]; inhabitants of, [112]
Holbourne, Admiral, [240]
Hospitals in Canada, [130]
Hôtel Dieu of Montreal, [134]
Hôtel Dieu of Quebec, [130]
House of Commons of Canada, [428]
Howe, Joseph, Canadian statesman and father of responsible government, [362], [364]; portrait of, [363]; action of, with respect to union, [412], [413]
Howe, Lord, death of, [245]
Hudson's Bay, English trading posts at, attacked by French, [195], [203], [205]; Company of, [381-388]; Railway, [418]
Hughes, Sir Sam, [465]
Huron Indians, [115]; habits of, [116]; habitations of, [82], [116]; conquered by Iroquois, [141-143]; dispersion of, [143-145]
Iberville, Chevalier d', [198], [203], [207], [208]; portrait of, [209]
Ile Royale. See Cape Breton
Imperial Conference, [463], [474]
Imperial Munitions Board, [467]
Indians of Canada, tribal divisions of, [114], [115]; customs of, [115-117], [123-128]; English policy towards, [275]; present population and development of, [402], [403]
Intercolonial Railway, [417]
International Commission, [431]
Iroquois, or Five Nations, [111], [114]; tribal divisions and habitations of, [118], [119]; habits and institutions of, [118-123]; plan of long-houses of, [119]; Canadian raids of, [137], [138], [146], [150]; attacks of, on Hurons, [141-143]; attacks on Western Indians, [195]; French expeditions against, [74], [153], [154], [196], [203]; joined by Tuscaroras and become Six Nations, [121]
Japanese Government, [479]
Jesuits in Acadia, [61]; in Canada, [85], [86], [89]; first Canadian martyr, [139]; their heroism, [139-143]; Relations, [113], [114], [127]
Jette, Sir Louis, [430]
Jogues, Isaac, first Jesuit martyr, [139]
Johnson, Sir W., [227]; defeats French at Lake George, [231]
Johnston, J. W., Canadian statesman, [362]
Jolliet, Louis, discovers Mississippi, [179], [180]
Jonquière, Marquis de la, Canadian governor, [218]
Journalism, [426]
Judiciary of Canada, [428]
King, Hon. W. L. Mackenzie, [467], [468], [475]
King's College in Nova Scotia, [360]
Kingsford, William, Canadian author. See Bibliographical Note at the beginning of this volume
Kirk, Admiral, captures Quebec, [88]
Klondyke rush, [463]
Labour organizations, [481]
La Chine, origin of name, [184]; massacre at, [196]
Lacolle Mill, American defeat at, [331]
Lafontaine, Sir L. H., Canadian statesman, [364]; portrait of, [369]
La Hontan, [195]
Lalemant, Charles, Jesuit superior, [86]
Lalemant, Gabriel, Jesuit missionary, his heroic death, [142]
La Mothe-Cadillac, founder of Detroit, [207]
La Tour, Charles de, in Acadia, [93-109]
La Tour, Claude de, in Acadia, [93-97]
La Tour, Madame de, her heroism, [102-104]
Laurentides, [6]; their antiquity, ib. See View of Cape Trinity, [9]
Laurier, Wilfrid, Canadian premier, [414], [429], [432], [433], [439], [454], [460], [463], [467], [472]
Laval, Mgr., first Canadian bishop, [157]; character of, [158-160]; portrait of, [159]
Lawrence, Fort, [228]
Lawrence, Governor, his part in expulsion of Acadians, [235]
Law, systems of, in Canada, [428]
Le Borgne, in Acadia, [106]
Le Caron, Father, first western missionary, [82]
Legislative Council, made elective in Canada, [367]
Legislatures, Provincial, constitution of (in 1774), [278]; (1792), [302-304]; (1840), [357]; (1867), [426]
Leif Ericson, Norse voyager in America, [19], [20]
Le Loutre, French priest in Acadia, [229], [230]
Lemieux, Hon. Rodolphe, [479]
L'Escarbot, in Acadia, [55], [56]
Le Moyne, Simon, Jesuit missionary, [147]
Lévis, Chevalier de, [248]; Canadian town named after, [2]; at battle of St. Foy, [262]
Liberal Convention, [468]
Liotot, murderer of La Salle, [190]
Liquors, sale of, [160]
Livius, Chief Justice, [304]
Loans, domestic, [469]
Local government in French Canada, [164]; in English Canada. See Municipal Institutions
Lodge, Mr. Henry C., [430]
Long Sault, heroic incident at, [150]
Lorette, Hurons of, [144]
L'Ordre de bon temps, at Port Royal, [57]
Loudoun, Earl, [237]
Louisbourg, [211]; taken by New England expedition, [215-217]; by Amherst and Boscawen, [242], [243]; destroyed, [243]; present aspect of, ib.; view of, in 1731, [210]
Louisiana, [208], [224], [225], [436]
Louis XIV., his interest in Canada, [152], [156]
Lount, Samuel, Canadian Reformer, [353], [355]
Loyalists, United Empire, [297]; their trials, [292], [293], [294]; famous names among, [295]; their influence on Canada, [292], [296]
Lundy's Lane, battle of, [331]; monument at, [333], [337]
Macdonald, Alexander, [463]
Macdonald, Sir John Alexander, Canadian statesman and premier, political, career of, [372], [394], [398], [408-413]; one of founders of Confederation [372]; autograph and portrait of, [405]; his tenure, as premier, [408]; character of, [408], [410]; monuments to, [413]
Macdonnell, Bishop, [310]
Mackenzie, Alexander, Canadian premier, [408]
Mackenzie River, [383]
Mackenzie, W. Lyon, Canadian Reformer, [348]; career of, [348-351], [343-355], [368]; autograph and portrait of, [349]
Mackinac or Michillimackinac, [174], [175], [187], [203], [207], [223], [272] (Pontiac's War); [322], [332] (War of 1812)
McDonell, Colonel, attorney-general, killed at Queenston, [322]
McDonnell, Colonel, captures Ogdensburgh, [324]; at Chateauguay, [328]
McDougall, William, Canadian statesman, [373]; in the Northwest, [387-390]
McLeod affair with the United States, [374], [375]
McNab, Colonel (Sir Allan), [353], [354]
Macrae, Colonel, [466]
Magdalen Islands, [32]
Maisonneuve, Sieur de, founder of Ville-Marie (Montreal), [133-136]; portrait of, [135]
Mance, Jeanne, [134-136]
Manitoba, province of, [391], [392]. See Winnipeg
Manufactures in Canada, [419-421]
Markland, Norse discovery, [20]
Marquette, Father, [178]; discovers Mississippi, [179], [180]; his death, [182], [183]
Marquis wheat, [463]
Masères, Attorney-General, [278]
Mason and Slidell difficulty, [377]
Massé, Father, Jesuit missionary, in Acadia, [61]; in Canada, [80]
Matagorda Bay, La Salle at, [190]
Matthews, Peter, Canadian Reformer, [355]
Meighen, Hon. Arthur, [470], [474]
Membertou, Micmac chief, [58], [59], [60], [62]
Membré, Father, French missionary, [187], [188]
Merchant Marine, [467]
Metcalfe, Lord, Canadian Governor, [362]
Mêtis or half-breeds of Canada, [11], [386]; rebellions of (1869), [386-391]; (1885), [393-400]. See Riel
Micmacs (Souriquois), [114], [115]
Middleton, General, commands Canadian forces in second Red River Rebellion (1885), [396]
Military Service, [468]
Mining an important industry, [423]
Mississippi, discovery of, [179], [180], [181], [188]; France in valley of, [224], [225], [434]
Mohawks, division of Iroquois Confederation, [118]; settle in Canada, [300], [402]. See Iroquois
Monckton, General, [230]; at siege of Quebec, [250], [257]
Money in French Canada, [161], [162]
Monongahela, battle of. See Braddock
Montagnais Indians, [115]
Montcalm, Marquis de, [238]; victories of, [237], [238]; defeat of, by Wolfe, [256]; death of, [257]; character of, [260]; monument to, [259], [261]
Montgomery, General, in Canada, [284]; death of, [285]
Montgomery's Tavern, near Toronto, Canadian rebels defeated at (1836), [353]
Montmagny, Charles Hault de, Canadian governor, [129], [133]; called "Onontio," [153]
Montreal, city of, founded as Ville-Marie, [134-136]; view of, in 1760, [265]
Monts, Sieur de, in Acadia, [50-59], [68-75]
Morgan, Lewis H., on the Iroquois, [119]
Morrison, Colonel, defeats Americans at Chrystler's Farm, [328]
Mounted Police of the Northwest, [401]
Municipal Institutions in Canada, [367], [368], [426]
Murray, General, at siege of Quebec, [250]; defeated by Lévis, [262]; Canadian governor, [275-277]; character of, [276]
National Policy Tariff, [414]
Naval Treaty, [480]
Necessity, Fort, [224]
Neilson, John, Canadian journalist, [338], [339]
Nelson, Wolfred, Canadian reformer, [330], [352], [356], [357], [368]
Neutral Nation (Attiwandaronks), [117]
Newark (Niagara), [306]; burned by American troops, [330]
New Brunswick, province of, [5], [6]; separated from Nova Scotia, [302]; enters Confederation, [373], [374], [412]
Newspapers, [426]
Niagara, falls of, [186]
Niagara, Fort, [231], [247], [253], [426]
Nipissing Lake, [81], [82]; Indians of, ib., [115]
Non-intervention, [460]
Norse voyages to America, [19], [20]
Northwest Company, [382-385]
Northwest of Canada, [10], [11]; history of, [381-401]; resources and progress of, [11], [392]; mounted police of, [401], [481]; Indians of, rebellions in, [387-402]; monuments to victims of, [400]; government of, [428]
Northwest Passage, [465]
Norumbega, [28], [54]; memorials of, ib.
Nova Scotia, [5], [6]; named, [96]; first assembly of, [302]; enters Confederation, [373], [374], [413]
Ocean steamships. See Royal William
Ohio, valley of the, contest for, [223], [229], [230], [242]; Indian raids in (Pontiac's War), [273]
Oil discoveries, [476]
Oneidas, division of Iroquois Confederation, [118]. See Iroquois
Onondagas, division of Iroquois Confederation, [118]. See Iroquois
Onontio. See Montmagny
Ontario, province of, [10]; name of, ib., [374]; first known as Upper or Western Canada, [303]; enters Confederation, [374]; Hydro-Electric Commission, [476]; Agricultural College, [482]
Oregon boundary question, [375]
Orleans, Island of, [36]
Oswego (Choueguën), Fort, [222], [227]
Ottawa River, [78]
Otter, Colonel, [397]
Ouigoudi (St. John's River, N.B.), [53]
Papineau, Louis J., Canadian Reformer, [339]; career of, [339], [351], [352], [357], [368]; portrait of, [341]
Paris, Treaty of, [264], [265]
Parlby, Irene, [479]
Parliament, House at Quebec, in 1792, [305]; at Newark, [306], [307]; burned at Montreal in 1849, [370]; view of, at Ottawa, [427]; constitution of Canadian, [428]; at Ottawa burned, [468]; rebuilt, [472]
Peary, Admiral, [464]
Peltrie, Madame de la, [131], [132]
Pemaquid, Fort, [213]
Pension Bill, [470]
Pepperrell, General, [215], [216]
Perrot, Nicholas, [176], [177]
Phipps, Admiral, attacks Quebec, [199-201]
Poets of French Canada, [450]
Pontiac, Ottawa chief, [270], [271]; his war against English, [271-274]; death of, [274]
Population of Canada; (in 1757), [225]; (1792), [303]; (1812), [320]; (1838), [358]; (1861), [366]; French population, [358], [425]
Port Arthur, [478]
Port Royal, founded, [52], [54]; destroyed by Argall, [64]; restored, [99]; taken by Nicholson, [206]; called Annapolis Royal, ib.; its present aspect, [52]
Postage reform, [432]
Pouchot, [247]
Poundmaker, Indian chief, [395], [398]
Poutrincourt, Baron de, founds Port Royal, [54]; career of, in America, [53-61]; death of, [66]
Presqu'isle (Erie), [223], [247]
Prevost, General, Canadian governor, military incapacity of, [325], [332]
Prince of Wales, [472]
Prince Edward Island (St. Jean), [5], [243], [244]; separated from Nova Scotia, [302]; enters Confederation, [403]. See Charlottetown
Privy Council. See Judicial Committee
Proclamation of 1763, [274], [275]
Procter, General, [324], [327]
Progressive Party, [474]
Protective policy, [458]
Quebec Act of 1774, [276-279]
Quebec Bridge, [470]
Quebec, city of, [1-3]; named, [70]; founded, [70]; taken by Kirk, [88]; besieged by Phipps, [199-201]; by Wolfe, [248-257]; plan of siege of 1759, [251]; surrender of, [258]; besieged by Lévis, [262]; by Arnold and Montgomery, [284-286]; view of, in 1760, [270]; in 1896, [434]. See Château St. Louis
Quebec Conference of 1864, Confederation proposed, [372]
Quebec, province of, [8], [9]; enters Confederation, [374]
Radisson, Sieur, [17]
Railways in Canada, [366], [367]
Rale, Sebastian, missionary in Acadia, [212]
Ramesay, M. de, in Acadia, [219]; surrenders Quebec, [258]
Razilly, Isaac de, in Acadia, [97-99]
Rebellion Losses, Riots of 1849, [369], [370]
Rebellions in Canada; of 1837, in Lower Canada, [338-343], [351], [353-357]; in Upper Canada, [344-351], [353-355]; in the Northwest (1869), [387-392]; (1885), [393-400]
Reciprocity Treaty, [376]
Recollets or Franciscans, [80], [81], [89]
Red River settlement (Assiniboia), [384-387]; insurrection at (1869-70), [387-392]. See Riel
Republican ideas, [462]
Responsible Government in Canada, [361-365]; in Nova Scotia, [362-364]; in New Brunswick, [364]; in P. E. Island, ib.; in British Columbia, [405]; famous advocates of, [364], [365]
Revenue and Expenditure of Canada, [425]
Revolution, American. See American Revolution
Richardson, Major, Canadian author, [271]
Richelieu, Cardinal, [86]
Riel, Louis, rebels against Canada in 1869, [388]; in 1885, [393-400]; execution of, [379]
Roberval, Jean François de la Roque, [45], [46]
Robinson, Chief Justice, [344]
Robinson, Christopher, [298]
Roche, Marquis de la, [47]
Rogers, Major Robert, [269]
Rolph, Dr. John, Canadian Reformer, [353]
Roman Catholics of Canada, freed from civil disabilities, [278]
Root, Mr. Elihu, [430]
Royal Mint, [468]
Royal William, first steamship to cross Atlantic, [358]
Rupert's Land, [381]; history of, under fur traders, [381-386]; part of Dominion, [387]. See Northwest of Canada
Ryerson, Egerton, [350], [368]
Ryswick, Treaty of, [204]
St. Alban's Bank, raid on, [377]
Saint-Castin, Baron de, in Acadia, [171], [172]
St. Croix, Island of, in Acadia, [53], [54]
St. Croix River, [36]
St. Foy, Battle of, [262]
St. Ignace, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, [142]
St. John River, [53]; La Tour's fort on, [99], [103]
St. Joseph, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, [142]
St. Lawrence River, discovery of, [34], [35]; valley of, [8]; mountains of, ib.
St. Lawrence, deepening of canals, [418], [419]
St. Louis, Château. See Château St. Louis
Saint-Lusson, Sieur, in the West, [177]
St. Pierre and Miquelon, Isles of, [266]
St. Sacrément, Lac du (Lake George), [137]
Ste. Anne de Beaupré, Canadian Lourdes, [439], [440]; view of church at, [441]
Ste. Marie, Jesuit mission, [141], [143], [145]
Saguenay River, [35]
Salaberry, Colonel de, at Chateaugay, [328]; portrait of, [329]
Salle, Sieur de la, in the West, [183-188]; on the Mississippi, [188], [189]; assassination of, [190]; autograph and portrait of, [185]
"Sam Slick." See Haliburton
San Juan difficulty, [375]
Saskatchewan River, Riel's rebellion in district of, [393-400]; monument on, [400]
Sault-au-Matelot, [286]
Sault Ste. Marie, [177], [223]
Saunders, Dr. Chas. E., [463]
Schools. See Education
Schultz, Dr., at Red River, [390]
Scott, Thomas, murdered by Riel, [390], [391]
Secord, Laura, her courage, [326]
Seigniorial Tenure, [87], [165]; abolition of, [367]
Selkirk, Lord, on the Red River, [384]; death of, [385]
Senate of Canada, [428]
Senecas, division of the Iroquois Confederation, [118]. See Iroquois
Shipbuilding, [421]
Shirley, General, [231]
Sillery, [133]
Simcoe, General, lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, [306], [309-311]; portrait of, [311]
Six Nations. See Iroquois
Smith, Sir Donald, at Red River, [390]
Smith, Mary E., [479]
Souriquois. See Micmacs
South African War, [432-433]
Stadacona (Quebec), [36]
"Starved Rock" on the Illinois, [189]
Stoney Creek, battle of, [325]
Strachan, Bishop, [342], [347]; portrait of, ib.
Strathcona, Lord, [465]
Strange, Colonel, [397]
Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, [464]
Sulpicians in Canada, [133], [136], [157], [158]
Sulte, Benjamin, French Canadian author, [448]
Sydenham, Lord. See Thomson, Poulett
Taché, Archbishop, [390], [391]
Talbot, Thomas, [310]
Talon, J. Baptiste, Canadian Intendant, [157], [168]
Tariff, revision of, [415]; war with Germany, [415]; British preference, [415], [416]; commercial treaty with France, [416]
Tecumseh, Indian Chief, [322], [327]
Temple, Sir Thomas, in Acadia, [108]
Thayendanegea. See Brant, Joseph
Thompson, Sir John, Canadian premier, [324], [415], [458]
Thomson, Poulett (Lord Sydenham), Canadian governor, [361], [362]
Ticonderoga (Carillon), Fort, [222], [248], [434]
Tilley, Sir Leonard, Canadian statesman a founder of confederation, [412]
Titles, [462]
Tobacco Nation (Tionotates), [117], [144]
Touty, Henry de (of the copper hand), [186], [188], [208]
Toronto (Fort Rouillé), [222], [247]; first known as York, [309]; University of, [347]
Tracy, Marquis de, Canadian viceroy, [152], [155]
Trapper, Canadian, [173]
Trinity, Cape, [9]
Trinity College at Toronto, founded, [347]
Tupper, Sir Charles, Canadian statesman, [298], [368]; a founder of confederation, [373], [412], [415], [464], [465]
Turner, Mr. George, [430]
Tuscaroras. See Iroquois.
Union Act of 1840, [361-368]
United Farmers' Organization, [474]
United States, population of, in 1812, [316]; relations of Canada with, from 1840 to 1867, [379]; present relations, [429]
Universities, [347]
Upper Canada. See Ontario.
Upper Canada Gazette, first Upper Canadian newspaper, [315]
Ursulines, convent of, [131]
Utrecht, Treaty of, [208]
Varennes, [202]
Vaudreuil, Marquis de, Canadian governor, [229]; at siege of Quebec, [248], [252], [256]; capitulates at Montreal, [264]; death of, [268]
Verchères, Magdeleine de, her heroism, [202]
Vérendryes, the, in the West, [381]; reach Rockies, [382]; on the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, [384]
Verrazano, Giovanni da, [26], [27]
Versailles, Peace of, [461], [464]
Victoria Bridge, [367]
Victories, Notre-Dame des, at Quebec, [2], [201], [207]
Vignau, Nicholas, deceives Champlain, [77], [98]
Ville-Marie. See Montreal
Vinland, Norse discovery, [20]
Von Egmond, Colonel, during rebellion of 1836, [353], [354]
Walker, Admiral Hovenden, [207]
War of 1812, causes of, [316], [320]; patriotism of Canadians during, [320-322]; capitulation of Hull, [322]; Battle of Queenston Heights, ib.; Procter's victory over Winchester, [324]; taking of York (Toronto), ib.; American successes on Niagara frontier in 1813, [325]; Stoney Creek, ib.; Mrs. Secord's exploit, [326]; Fitzgibbon's success at De Ceu's, [326]; English defeat on Lake Erie, [327]; Procter's defeat at Moraviantown, ib.; Chrystler's farm, [328]; Chateauguay, [328]; American outrage at Niagara, [330]; English retaliate, [330], [335]; Riall's defeat, [331]; Lundy's Lane, ib.; Prevost's defeat on Lake Champlain, and retreat from Plattsburg, [332]; naval fights, [334]; peace, [335]; effect of, on Canada, [335], [336]; conspicuous Canadian actors during, [336], [337]; monuments of, [333], [336], [337]
War Savings Certificates, [469]
Washington, George, at Fort Necessity, [224]
Washington, Treaty of, 1871, [324]; Minister at, [473]
Water-power, [476]
Whelan, Edward, Canadian journalist, [406]
Willcocks, Joseph, Canadian agitator, [314], [320]
William Henry, Fort, [222], [238]
Williams, Colonel, his gallantry at Batoche (1885) [397]; death of, ib.; portrait of, [309]
Wilmot, Lemuel A., Canadian statesman, [364]; portrait of, [371]
Winnipeg, [14], [315], [382], [392]; riots, [470]
Wolfe, General James, [242]; at Louisbourg, [242]; at Quebec, [250-256]; wins Canada for England, [256], [257]; death of, [257]; character of, [260]; monuments to, [259], [261]; portrait of, [249]
Wolseley, Lord, leads British forces against Riel in 1870, [391]
Women's Conference, [478]
Women's Suffrage, [458], [479]
Wyandots (Hurons), [144]
York, Duke and Duchess of, [460]
York. See Toronto
Yukon, the, discovery of gold in, [430]