The Making of Modern Japan / An Account of the Progress of Japan from Pre-feudal Days to Constitutional Government & the Position of a Great Power, With Chapters on Religion, the Complex Family System, Education, &c.

by John Harington Gubbins

INDEX

• Abdication, [22], [287]
• Adams, Sir F., History of Japan, [80], [92]
• Administration, Tokugawa (see Tokugawa Shōgunate)
• Administrative changes, [74];
  • system, reorganization of, [174]
• Adoption, [22], [285];
  • complications caused by, [39]
• Adviser to Shōgunate, position held by Head of Mito family, [34]
• Agreement, secret, between China and Japan for Common Defence, [281]
• Agreements (pre-Restoration Treaties) concluded by Japan with Foreign Powers, [46], [47], [48], [49]
• Agricultural class, the, [97]
• Aidzu clansmen as fighters, [131]
• Aidzu, daimiō of, [77]
• Ainu aborigines, [19], [20]
• Aki, daimiō of, [33]
• Alcock, Sir Rutherford, [54], [57]
• Alexeieff, Admiral, [246], [253], [256]
• Alliance of four clans, [71], [72], [80]
• Altars, family, [151], [286]
• America and Japan, early relations, [45];
  • first treaty, [46];
  • other treaties, [54], [205], [207], [240];
  • foreign aggression in China and Declarations protest of U.S. Government, [237];
  • friendly relations, [265];
  • friction, causes of, [266]
• American annexation of Philippines, [235];
  • interests in China, [237];
  • missionary enterprise, [149];
  • policy in regard to Restoration, [65];
  • Treaty of 1858, difficulties of negotiation, [51];
  • whalers in Sea of Okhotsk, [44]
• Ancestor-worship, [140], [151]
• Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Alliance, [247]
• Anti-Foreign feeling, [53], [54], [55], [75], [194]
• Anti-Japanese feeling in America and Canada, [267]
• Anti-Shōgunate movement, [50]
• Arbeiter Zeitung, the, [275]
• Arisugawa, Prince, [74]
• Armistice concluded with China, [221]
• Army of the Shōgunate, [82]
• Art and literature, [18], [26], [112], [113]
• Asan, conflict at, [217]
• Ashikaga Shōguns, [26]
• Assassinations, political, [302]
• Assimilation of foreign ideas, [115]
• “Association of men with a definite purpose” (Risshi-sha), [136]
• “Association of Patriots” (Aikoku-tō), [136]
• Aston, Mr., [143]
• Attack on Shimonoséki forts by four Powers, [58]
• Awa, daimiō of, [35]
• Awakening of Japan, The, [73]
• Ballot, secret, [185]
• Bank of Japan, [177]
• Banks and banking, [177]
• Bavarian Constitution adopted as model, [188]
• “Benevolent” government, [115]
• Bezobrazov, [256]
• Biddle, Commodore, at Yedo, [45]
• Bimetallic standard, a, [176]
• Bismarck, [172]
• Biwa, L., [32], [50]
• Blagovestchensk, reprisals at, [243]
• Brinkley, Capt., [124]
• British Legation, attacks on the, [55]
• Boissonade, M., [158]
• Bolsheviks, the, [281]
• Boxer Rising, the, [241]–243
• Buckle’s History of Civilization, [195]
• Buddhism, [17], [139], [141], [145], [147], [292]
• Budget, the, [190], [198]
• Buké or military class, [20]
• Bureaucratic system of pre-feudal days, [73]
• Burma Convention, the, [226]
• Bushidō, [149]
• Butsudan or Buddhist altar, [286]
• Calendar, changes in the, [71]
• Campbell, Mr., [241]
• Canada, anti-Japanese feeling in, [267]
• Capital, transference of, from Kiōto to Yedo, [79]
• Capital of the Tycoon, the, [54]
• “Cash,” [176]
• Cassini, M., [229]
• Cenotaphs, ancestral, [286]
• Centralized bureaucracy, [33], [35]
• Cha-no-yu, [150]
• Chamberlain, Professor, [143]
• Chamberlain, Mr. J., [248]
• “Charter Oath,” the, [75], [192]
• Chemulpo, [216], [257];
  • naval engagement off, [258]
• Chéradame, M., [228], [252]
• Chihanji, [89]
• Chikuzen province, [25];
  • daimiō of, [72]
• China, relations with, [211];
  • war with, [217];
  • Japan’s aggressive intentions in, [280];
  • Handbook, [241]
• Chinda, Viscount, [210]
• Chinese culture, influence of, [17], [18], [298];
  • Eastern Railway, [229], [231];
  • influence on Japanese Buddhism, [143];
  • influx of, in California, [266];
  • Navy, the, [220];
  • suzerainty over neighbouring states, [214];
  • sexagenary cycle, [69], [70];
  • written language, the, [112], [113]
• Chōshiū clan, the, [71], [72]
• Chōshiū clansmen expelled from Kiōtō, [59]
• Chōshiū, daimiō of, [33], [35], [50];
  • ex-daimiō of, [186]
• Chōshiū, disorders in, [129];
  • and Higo, risings in, [127];
  • forts, action by, [57];
  • leaders, ideals of the, [73];
  • mission of conciliation to, [82];
  • raids and attacks, [72];
  • rebellion, [59]
• Chōteki, or rebels, [77]
• Christian persecutions, [28], [30];
  • after-effect of, [55];
  • political character of, [120];
  • renewal of, [91]
• Christianity, edicts against, [28], [30];
  • withdrawal of, [91];
  • first introduction of, [27];
  • future of, in Japan, [149];
  • later encouragement of, as a means of learning English, [148];
  • official recognition of, [147]
• Chronology, Japanese, [69]
• Ch’un, Prince, [242]
• Civil Code, the, [283]
• Civil Service examinations, [175]
• Civil war and fall of Shōgunate, [63]
• Clan guilds, [94]
• Clan jealousies, [81], [129]
• Clans, independent spirit of, [72]
• Class distinctions, feudal, [195]
• Classes, effects of abolition of feudalism on, [94];
  • fusion of, [195];
  • rearrangement of, [90]
• Coalition Cabinet of Liberals, resignation of, [200]
• Coast defence before Restoration, [44]
• Code of Criminal Procedure, [158]
• Coinage, [176]
• Colonization of Yezo, failure of, [118]
• Commercial Convention with China, [222]
• Compulsory education, [293]
• Conferences of Prefects, annual, [157]
• Conferences on Treaty Revision at Tōkiō, [178]
• Confiscation of territories of Tokugawa adherents, [77]
• Confucianism, [144], [149], [151]
• Congratulatory missions, [25]
• Conscript army, efficiency of the new, [132]
• Conscription, establishment of, [218]
• Conservative Party, formation of, [197]
• Constitution, Prince Itō’s commentaries on, [182], [188];
  • framing of, [172];
  • the granting of a, [162];
  • promulgation of, [186]
• Constitutional Imperialist Party, [166];
  • Liberals, [197];
  • Reform Party, [165]
• Consuls, or “administrators” in China, [212]
• Copyright, Protection of, [207]
• Corvée, the, [170], [185]
• Council of State, upper and lower, [35], [74]
• Court, isolation of, [37]
• Court Councillors, [175]
• Court and feudal nobility, relations between, [37];
  • amalgamation of, [89]
• Court nobles, ideals of, [73]
• Court and Shōgunate, [33], [56], [59]
• “Credit notes,” [176]
• Creed of Half Japan, The, [141]
• Currency, confusion in the state of, [81], [176]
• Customs Import Tariff, [207]
• Czecho-Slovak troops in Asia, the, [281]
• Daidō Club, the, [197]
• Daijingū of Isé, the, [286]
• Daijō Daijin, the, [80]
• Daikwan, or Governors, [36]
• Dajōkwan or Central Executive, [79]
• Dan-no-Ura, sea fight of, [20]
• Dazaifu, [25]
• de Witte, Count, [255], [256]
• Débidour’s Histoire Diplomatique de l’Europe, [229]
• Declarations regarding the non-alienation of Chinese territory, [234]
• Deliberative Assemblies, [75]
• Democratic feeling, growth of, [196]
• Departments of new post-Restoration administration, [73]
• Déshima, the Dutch in, [31], [121]
• Development of Japan, outstanding features in, [304]
• Diet and Government, conflicts between, [199];
  • composition of, [189];
  • first session of, [198];
  • first dissolution of, [198]
• Discord between political parties, [169]
• Districts, rural and urban, [184]
• Divorce, [290]
• Douglas, Admiral Sir A., naval adviser, [219]
• Drouyn de Lhuys, M., [108]
• Dual system of government, [21], [38];
  • end of, [63], [64], [85]
• Duarchy, consolidation of, [33], [34], [35], [36], [37];
  • working of, [38], [39], [40]
• Duplication of offices, [36], [37]
• Dummy editors, the Press Law and, [155]
• Dutch traders, [30], [31];
  • treaties with the, [46], [47], [240];
  • language as a medium of communication, [111];
  • and “Western Learning,” [84]
• Duties, import and export, foreign Powers’ demand for modification of, [60]
• East India Company, [30]
• Échizen, daimiō of, [33], [50], [53];
  • ex-Prince, [56]
• Eckhardstein, von, Reminiscences, [249]
• Education, [292];
  • Department of, [293]
• Educational Code, [293];
  • influences, [154], [160]
• Eisai Zenshi, founder of Zen sect of Buddhists, [142]
• Election, system of, for local assemblies, etc., [184];
  • for Diet, [189]
• Elections, first, for Diet, [194]
• Electoral Law, revised, [190]
• Electors, qualifications of, for local assemblies, [185];
  • for Diet, [189]
• Elementary Schools, [293]
• Elgin and Kincardine, Lord, [37]
• Elliot Islands, Japanese naval base at, in war with Russia, [261]
• Emigration, Japanese, [269]
• Emperor and Court, teaching in schools concerning, [296]
• Emperor’s name, removal of interdict regarding use of, [117]
• Empress Dowager of China, [243]
• English language replaces Dutch as medium of communication, [112];
  • teaching of, in schools, [175], [297]
• English traders, [30]
• “Equal opportunity,” principle of, [276];
  • “open door” and, [238]
• “Era of Enlightened Government,” the, [69]
• Era of Great Peace, [42]
• Éta and Hinin, or social outcasts, [90]
• Europe, early intercourse with, [27];
  • renewal of, [45]
• Ex-samurai (Shizoku), [95], [96];
  • discontent of, [123];
  • restlessness of, [152], [160], [170]
• Ex-regent or Kwambaku, [18]
• Expansion, Japanese, [268]
• Extra-territoriality, [109], [204], [207]
• Fall of Shōgunate, [63], [64]
• “Family,” the, in Japanese law, [283]
• Family councils, [289];
  • registration, [290];
  • rites, [286]
• Family System, Japanese, [283]
• Fanaticism, [75], [135], [165], [193], [194]
• Farmers, [97]
• Fernandez, [27]
• “Festival of the Dead,” [287]
• Feudal fiefs, surrender of, [87]
• Feudal nobles, three classes of, [33], [34];
  • early training, [92];
  • subjection of, under Shōgunate rule, [34]
• Feudal System, abolition of, [89];
  • classification of society, [20];
  • compared with Scottish, [43];
  • establishment of, [20];
  • hereditary retainers, [22];
  • provincial administration, [30];
  • tenure of land, [97];
  • territories and nobility under Iyéyasu, [33]
• Fief, a daimiō’s, [43]
• Fiefs under Shōgunate rule, [33]
• Fifty Years of New Japan, [137], [140], [148], [175], [177]
• Figure-head system of government, [22], [88]
• Financial reform, [175], [239]
• Flower fairs, [151]
• Foreign experts, engagement of, [123]
• Foreign intercourse, reopening of, [44];
  • opposition to, [51]
• Foreign judges, the question of, [206];
  • Powers, attitude of, [65], [114];
  • regrouping of, [247]
• Foreign troops in Yokohama, [58]
• Formosa, acquisition of, [222];
  • difficulty with China respecting, [125];
  • resources of, [118], [119]
• France and Russia, close accord between, [228]
• French legal models adopted for Criminal law, [158]
• Fudai daimiōs, [34], [35], [94]
• Fujiwara family, the, [18], [19], [20]
• Fukien, non-alienation of, [238]
• Fukuchi, editor of Nichi Nichi Shimbun, [166]
• Fukuzawa Yūkichi, [154], [155], [295]
• General Agreement Union, [179]
• “Gentlemen’s Agreement,” the, [267]
• Genrō, or Elders, [302], [303]
• Genrō-in, or Senate, creation of, [133];
  • Tosa clansmen’s dissatisfaction with constitution of, [137]
• Gérard, M., Ma Mission en Chine, [228], [229], [230], [233]
• German Emperor, mischievous activity of, [224]
• German influence in Pacific, elimination of, [277]
• German Minister in China, murder of, by Boxers, [242]
• German models adopted in constitutional and administrative matters, [172], [174]
• Germany and the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, [249]
• Germany and Japan, progress of, compared, [274]
• Girls, education of, [294]
• Gokénin, or landed gentry, [34], [78], [93]
• Gold standard, adoption of, [239]
• Gosanké, the, [34], [35]
• Gotō Shōjirō, Count, [74], [121], [164], [169], [174], [194], [302]
• Governors and governed, Japanese idea of relationship between, [115]
• Grant, General, [126]
• Great Britain, first treaty with, [46];
  • Treaty of 1858, [47];
  • revised Treaty with, [207], [208], [209], [210]
• Great Reform, the, [18], [69], [142]
• Great War, Japan’s part in the, [276]
• Gregorian Calendar, adoption of, [71], [117], [305]
• Guizot’s History of the Civilization of Europe, [42]
• Gunchō, or district administrators, [185]
• Haga, Prof., [175]
• Hague Tribunal, the, [208]
• Haicheng, [221]
• Hakodaté, opening of, [46]
• Hambatsu Séifu, or clan government, [43]
• Han, or clan, [43]
• Harris, Mr. Townsend, [47], [111]
• Hatamoto, or Bannermen, [34], [35], [78], [93]
• Hawaii, Japanese labour in, [270]
• Hayashi, Count, [247], [249]
• Headmen of household groups, [36]
• Headship of family, [287]
• Heimin, or common people, [90]
• Hereditary retainers, [22]
• Hidéyori, [32]
• Hidéyoshi, [26], [28]; ambition of, [29]
• High Court of Justice (Daishinin), [133]
• Higher Schools, curriculum of, [297]
• Higo, province of, [131]
• Hikoné, [50]
• Hill, S. J., Impressions of the Kaiser, [275]
• Hiō-jō-sho, [35]
• Hiogo, port of, [54], [107]
• Hirado Islands, [30]
• History of Japan (1542–61), A, [28], [124]
• History of the Currency, A, [175], [176]
• “History of the Restoration,” [72]
• Hitachi (Mito), province of, [33], [34]
• Hitotsubashi family, the, [51]
• Hizen, province of, [25];
  • daimiō of, [33], [35];
  • clan, [71];
  • insurrection, [125]
• Hōben, Hō-an Jōrei, [180], [181];
  • (or pious fraud), [143]
• Hohenzollern, Prince Henry of, [230]
• Hōjō Regents, the, [24], [25], [142]
• Hokkaidō (Yezo), the, or Northern Sea Circuit, [104], [118], [159]
• Honda, Rev. Y., [148]
• Hongkong, [232]
• Hornbeck, Mr., Contemporary Politics of the Far East, [236]
• Hostility to foreigners, [53], [54], [55], [75], [107], [179], [194]
• House of Peers, [173]
• House of Representatives, [189]
• Hozumi, Professor, [288]
• “Hundred Articles, The,” [33], [37], [93]
• I-Ho-Ch’uan (Patriot Harmony Fists), [241]
• Ïi Kamon no Kami (Tairō or Regent), [50], [52], [53], [55], [63]
• Iki Islands, [25]
• Immigration Act, American, [266]
• Imperial “progresses,” [37];
  • domains, [67];
  • Household, Minister of, [173];
  • House Law, [190];
  • Oaths, [135], [187];
  • “Ordinances,” [188];
  • prerogatives, [188]
• Impersonality, atmosphere of, pervading everything Japanese, [21]
• Indemnities, [58], [222], [225]
• Independents in Diet, [194]
• Ingles, Admiral, naval adviser, [219]
• Inkio, [288]
• Inouyé, Marquis, [74], [99], [126], [174], [179], [249], [251], [302]
• Instruction in Elementary Schools, [295]
• Insurrectionary movements, [124], [127], [130], [171]
• Interests of Treaty Powers, [65]
• Invasions by Mongols, [25]
• “Invention of a New Religion, The,” [150]
• Isé, Great Shrine at, [54], [151]
• Ishii, Viscount, [280]
• “Ishin Shi” (“History of the Restoration”), [72]
• Itagaki, [79], [121], [136], [137], [164], [169], [174], [194], [200], [302]
• Itō, Prince, [74], [163], [172], [174], [201], [224], [249], [251], [302]
• Itō Shimpei, [121], [124]
• Iwakura, Prince, [74], [79], [80], [87], [90], [122], [301]
• Iwakura Mission, objects of the, [122], [178], [205]
• Iyémitsu, Shōgun, repressive edicts of, [30]
• Iyémochi, Shōgun, [56]
• Iyésada, [52]
• Iyéyasu, the rule of, [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38]
• Japan, bridging the gulf between old and new, [186];
  • contrast between old and new, [305], [306]
• Japan: The Rise of a Modern Power, [230]
• Japan Year Book, the, [140]
• Japanese Cabinets, independent of Diet, [200]
• Japanese language an obstacle to progress, [112]
• Japanese, origin of the, [17]
• Japanese subjects, rights and duties of, [189]
• Japanese writing, three branches of, [298]
• Jesuit missionaries, [28], [29]
• Jiji Shimpō, the, [155]
• Jimmu Tennō, the mythical founder of Japan, [69]
• Jingikwan, [146]
• Jisha-bugiō, [35], [145]
• Jiyūtō, or Liberal Party, [164];
  • dissolution of, [167];
  • revival of, [194]
• Jōdai, or Governor (of Ōsaka), [37]
• Jōdo sect, the, [142]
• Kaga, daimiō of, [33]
• Kagoshima, [27];
  • bombardment of, [57];
  • Shimadzu’s retirement to, [130];
  • Saigō’s death in, [132]
• Kaiping, [221]
• Kaishintō, or Progressives, [197]
• Kamakura, [21], [26]
• Kamakura Shōguns, the, [24]
• Kami, or natural deities, [40], [140]
• Kamidana, or Shintō altar, [286]
• Kanagawa, Perry at, [46]
• Kanda, Baron, [99]
• Kataoka Kenkichi, [155]
• Kato, Viscount, [211], [248]
• Katsura, General, [221], [251], [302]
• Kawamura, Admiral, [129]
• Kéiki, [51], [56], [60], [62], [88], [186]
• Ketsudan-sho, or Court of Decisions, [35]
• Kiaochow, [228];
  • leased to Germany, [230];
  • evacuated by Germany, [277]
• Kido, [74], [79], [80], [82], [87], [88], [137], [301]
• Kii (or Kishiū), prov. of, [33];
  • princely House of, [34];
  • Prince of, [51], [64], [88]
• Kikuchi, Baron, [293], [299]
• Kiōbusho, or Department of Religion, [147]
• Kiōto, [21];
  • and Yedo, [38];
  • intrigues at the Court of, [49];
  • Shōgun summoned to, [56];
  • raid on, [59], [62]
• Kishiū, prov. of (see Kii)
• Kiūshiū, prov. of, [25]
• Knox proposal regarding Manchurian railways, [280]
• Kōgisho, or Parliament, [77], [87]
• Kōmei, Emperor, death of, [62]
• Konishi, Christian daimiō, [29]
• Korea, [17];
  • and China, [126];
  • annexation of, by Japan, [271], [272];
  • Chinese conquest of, [24], [25];
  • Chinese suzerainty over, [25], [214];
  • condition of, [215];
  • difficulties with China concerning, [120];
  • invasion by Hidéyoshi, [29];
  • Japan’s interests in, [254];
  • Japanese protectorate over, [264];
  • missions of courtesy to Japan, [121];
  • rivalry between Russia and Japan concerning, [255];
  • written language of, [19]
• Kublai Khan, [24], [27]
• Kugé, or Court aristocracy, [20], [37], [49], [301]
• Kumamoto, siege of the castle of, [131]
• Kurile Islands, acquisition of, [126]
• Kuroda, General, [118], [126], [129], [174]
• Kuroki, General, [260]
• Kuromaku-daijin, or “Unseen Ministers of State,” [303]
• Kuropatkin, General, [260], [262]
• Kwang-chow, Bay of, leased to France, [231]
• Kwantō, [32]
• Kwazoku, name of new class, including all nobles, [89]
• Land, feudal tenure of, [97];
  • reform, [98];
  • official survey of, [100];
  • assessment of value, [103], [105];
  • ownership of, by foreigners, [208]
• Land-tax, revision of, [99], [104]
• Language difficulties in way of progress, [111];
  • in education, [298]
• Languages, written and spoken, Japanese, [112], [113]
• Lansdowne, Marquess of, [247]
• Lansing-Ishii Agreement, the, [281]
• Law of Cities, Towns and Villages (Shi-chō-som-pō), [184];
  • of the Court and Shōgunate, [37];
  • of the Imperial Court, [37];
  • of Libel, [168];
  • of Public Meetings, the, [156], [164]
• Laws accessory to the Constitution, [188]
• “Le Monde et la Guerre Russo-Japonaise” (Chéradame), [228], [252]
• Leases of Chinese Territory, [227], [230], [231], [232]
• Legal and Judicial Reform, [158], [193], [240]
• Legations at Peking, siege of, [241]
• Legislative Chamber or Senate (Genrō-in), [133]
• Lemieux, Mr., [268]
• Li Hung Chang, [218], [228]
• Liaotung Peninsula, the, [225]
• Liao-yang, [260];
  • battle of, [262]
• Liberal Party, programme of the, [164]
• Lloyd, Rev. Arthur, [141], [142]
• Lobanoff, Prince, [228], [255]
• Local government, old system of, [36];
  • revised system of, [156], [184]
• London Protocol of 1862, [107]
• Loochoo, annexation of, [126];
  • difficulties in connection with, [125], [213];
  • Local Government Act inoperative in, [184]
• Lord Keeper of the Seals (Naidaijin), [175]
• Lower and Upper Houses of Diet, the, [203]
• “Mahayana Vehicle,” the, [141]
• Makers of Modern Japan, the, [300]
• Makharoff, Admiral, [259]
• Manchuria, Russian intentions in, [246];
  • occupation of, [252];
  • American protest, [252]
• Marco Polo, [27]
• Marriage, [290]
• Matsudaira (Tokugawa family name), [35]
• Matsugata, Marquis, [129], [174];
  • financial measures introduced by, [177], [239], [302]
• Meckel, General, military adviser, [218]
• Meiji Era, the, [42], [69]
• Members of Parliament, qualifications of, [190]
• Memorials to the Throne, [87]
• Métayage system, the, [97]
• Métsuké, [36]
• Middle schools, curriculum of, [297]
• Mikado (one of terms for Emperor of Japan), meaning of, [40]
• Mikado, attempt to abduct, [59];
  • first audience granted by, [220]
• Mikados, Shōguns mistaken for, [23]
• Militarist policy, [223]
• Military College in Satsuma, Saigō’s, [130]
• Military strength of Russia and Japan, comparison of, [258]
• Min Party, the, in Korea, [217]
• Minamoto family, the, [20]
• Minister President of the Cabinet, [174]
• Ministers of State, chief, [174]
• Minké, or general public, outside military class, [20]
• Missionaries, early, [27];
  • expulsion of, [28], [30]
• Missions to Europe and United States, and objects of, [107], [108], [109]
• Missions from Yedo to Kiōtō, [53]
• Mito, ex-Prince of, [50], [51], [53], [55], [64]
• Mito, disorders in, [129]
• Mito, Princely House of, [72]
• Mitsu Bishi, first s.s. company, the, [133]
• Moderation in politics, increasing tendency towards, [202]
• Moderation towards rebels, [77]
• Monarch, personality of, the, [196]
• Monetary system, confused state of, [175]
• Mongol invasions, [24], [25]
• Monopoly of foreign trade by Shōgunate, [62]
• Morals, instruction in, [295]
• Mōri, daimiō, [43];
  • murder of Viscount, [193]
• Morrison, Dr., [249]
• “Most-favoured-nation” treatment, [108]
• Mukden Agreement, the, [246], [253];
  • battle of, [263]
• Murder of Secretary of American Legation in Tōkiō, [55];
  • of German Minister and Chancellor of Japanese: Legation at Peking, [242]
• Murders of British subjects and indemnities, [55]
• Mutsu, daimiō of, [33], [247]
• Mutsuhito, Emperor, succession of, [62];
  • message to foreign representatives, [118]
• Nagasaki, Christianity at, [91]
• Naidaijin, [175]
• Nanshan, Russian defeat at, [261]
• Narusé, Mr., [295]
• National army, nucleus of, [82], [83]
• National banks, [176]
• National calendar, [71]
• National pride, [19]
• Naval reform, [219]
• Navy, conspicuous services of Japanese, during Great War, [282]
• Navy, state of, [82], [219]
• Nengō, or year-periods, [69], [70]
• New Government, form chosen for, [73];
  • first rupture in ministry, [122]
• Newchwang, occupation of, [221], [261]
• Newspaper editors and proprietors, responsibility of, [168]
• Nichi Nichi Shimbun, the, [166]
• Nichiren, Buddhist priest, [143]
• Nichiren sect, the, [142]
• Nihonbashi, the, or Bridge of Japan, [182]
• Niigata, [107]
• Nitobé, Professor, [175]
• Nishi, Viscount, [255]
• Niūdō, [288]
• Nobunaga, [26]–28, [145]
• Nodzu, General, [261]
• Nogi, General, [261]
• Normal schools, [297]
• Noto, province of, [166]
• Oaths taken by the Emperor, [135], [187]
• Ōishi, leader of Forty-seven rōnin, [149]
• Ōki, [302]
• Oku, General, [260]
• Ōkubo, [74], [79], [80], [87], [129], [157], [301]
• Ōkuma, [74], [79], [99], [118], [140], [159], [165], [167], [174], [180], [182], [191], [193], [200], [206], [239], [277], [299], [302]
• “Open door and equal opportunity,” principle of, [238], [245], [247], [252]
• “Open,” or “treaty,” “ports,” [48]
• Opposition, the, in first session of Diet, [194];
  • tactics of, [198]
• Origin of the Japanese, [17]
• Ōsaka Mint, the, [176]
• “Ōsaka summer campaign,” the, [32]
• Ōsaka combined squadron at, [61];
  • conference in, [137];
  • Governor of, [37];
  • postponed opening of, [107];
  • Shōgun’s withdrawal to, [63]
• Ouchtomsky, Prince, [229]
• Outstanding features in development of Japan, [304]
• Owari, Prince of, [50], [53], [64]
• Owari, province of, [33];
  • princely House of, [34], [72]
• Ōyama, Field-Marshal Prince, [218], [262], [302]
• Ozaki Yukiō, [165]
• Paper money, [81], [175], [176], [177]
• Parental authority, [284]
• Parkes, Sir Harry, [60], [77]
• Parliament, decree to establish a, [162]
• Party government, desire for, and failure of, attempt to establish, [200]
• Party manifestos, [197]
• Peace Conference in Paris, Japan at the, [282]
• Peace Preservation Regulations (Hō-an Jōrei), [180], [181]
• Peerage, creation of new, [173]
• Penal Code, [158]
• Pensions, Feudal, [93];
  • commutation of, [96], [127]
• “Permanent Register,” the, [290]
• Perry, Commodore, [45], [49], [61], [62], [72]
• Persecutions, early Christian, [28], [30];
  • after-effect of, [55];
  • political character of, [120];
  • recrudescence of, [91]
• Philippine Islands, the, [235]
• Piggott, Sir Francis, [193]
• Pilgrims and Pilgrimages, [151]
• Ping-yang, Chinese defeat at, [220];
  • occupation of, in Russian war, [260]
• Pioneer colonization, Japanese failure in, [119]
• Plehve, [256]
• Political agitation, [155], [156], [178], [180], [194]
• Political Associations and Clubs, formation of, [155], [164]
• Political parties, formation of, [164];
  • collapse of first, [167];
  • reconstruction of, [194]
• Political rowdyism, [180]
• Political Development of Japan, The, [153]
• Pope, pretensions of the, [55]
• Pope Alexander VI, [27]
• Population, increase of, [269]
• Port Arthur, capture of, in Chinese war, [221];
  • investment of, [261];
  • in Russian war and fall of, [262];
  • leased to Russia, [231]
• Portsmouth Treaty, the, [264]
• Portugal, [27]
• Portuguese adventurers, [27]
• Powers, Foreign, attitude of, [65], [119];
  • regrouping of, [247]
• Prefects, annual conference of, [133], [156], [184]
• Prefectural assemblies, [134], [184]
• Prefectures, creation of, [89]
• Press, the, [154]
• Press law, [153], [180]
• “Prison Editors,” [167]
• Privy Council, the (Sū-mitsu-in), [182], [183]
• Pro-foreign tendencies, [123], [124], [179]
• Progressive opinion, [77];
  • and tendencies, [175]
• Provincial administration, feudal, [20], [36];
  • revision of, [134], [184]
• Public meetings and addresses, novelty of, [164]
• Radical Party, beginnings of a, [137]
• Reactionaries and Reformers, aims of, [84], [135]
• Rebels, moderate treatment of, [77]
• Reclassification of land, [105]
• Reconstruction, work of, [134]
• Regent (Ïi Kamon no Kami), assassination of, [55]
• Regent, or Sesshō, [18]
• Regents, or Shikken, [24]
• Registration of land, [105]
• Registration, Law of, [283]
• Registration, status and residential, [291]
• Religion, Japanese attitude towards, [120], [140], [150]
• Religion, connection of, with reforms, [121], [139]
• Religions of Japan before Restoration, the four, [139]
• Religious festivals and pilgrimages, [305]
• Repression and reform, [158], [159]
• Residential and commercial rights of foreigners, limitations of, [48], [204]
• Restoration, the, accomplishment of, [64];
  • movement for, [49], [50], [55], [61], [62], [63];
  • the work of four clans, [71], [83];
  • unique character of, [304]
• Restriction of public meeting and speech, [167]
• Resumption of specie payments, [175]
• Reventlow’s Deutschland’s Auswärtige Politik, [227]
• Revenues, feudal, acquired by Government, [93]
• Revised treaties put into force, [240]
• “Revival of Pure Shintō,” the, [145]
• Rice notes, [176]
• Richardson, Mr., murder of, [55]
• Rikken-Kaishintō, or Constitutional Reform Party, [165]
• Rikken Teisei-to, or Constitutional Imperialist Party, [166]
• Riōbu Shintō, fusion of Shintō and Buddhism, [143];
  • processions, [38]
• Rise of Japan and Germany compared, [274]
• Risings of ex-Samurai, [170]
• Rites and Ceremonies, Bureau of, [147]
• Rival Emperors, [26]
• Rockhill’s Treaties and Conventions, [229]
• Rōnin, [50], [60], [81]
• Roosevelt, President, mediation by, [264];
  • and school question, [266]
• Rosen, Baron, [255]
• Russia, activity of, in Siberia, [44];
  • attitude of, [65], [114];
  • war with, [257]
• Russian aims in Far East, [227];
  • Baltic fleet, [263];
  • loan to China, [226];
  • revolution, effect of, in Far East, [280]
• Russo-Chinese Bank, the, [228]
• Sadaijin, [80]
• Saga, [124]
• “Sage of Mita, The,” [155]
• Saghalien, arrangement with Russia concerning, [126];
  • southern half ceded to Japan, [264]
• Saigō, the elder, [78], [79], [90], [121], [129], [132], [302]
• Saigō, the younger (General Marquis), [78], [125], [129], [174], [218]
• Sa-in, the, [80]
• Saionji, Marquis, [302]
• Salisbury, Lord, [207]
• Samurai, extinction of, as class, [89];
  • impoverished condition of, [95];
  • mischievous influence of disbanded, [152];
  • privileged position of, [195]
• Samurai, clanless (see Rōnin)
• San Francisco Board of Education, [266]
• San-kin Kō-tai, or system of alternate residence of daimiōs in Yedo and their fiefs, [34];
  • cessation of, [81]
• Sanjikwai or Local Executive Councils, [185]
• Sanjō, Prince, [74], [79], [80], [90], [301]
• Sasébo, naval arsenal, [259]
• Satow, Feodor, Mr., [193]
• Satsuma and Chōshiū clans, alliance of, [172];
  • Japan ruled by, [133];
  • naval and military control vested in, [200]
• Satsuma clan, co-operation against Chōshiū, [59];
  • discontent in, [78], [79];
  • divided feeling in, [78];
  • federalists, [73];
  • mission of conciliation to, [82];
  • rebellion, [78], [130]
• Satsuma, daimiō of, [33];
  • ex-daimiō, [186]
• Satsuma faience, [30]
• “Satchō Government,” the, [153]
• School Question of California, the, [266]
• Schools, pre-Restoration, Buddhist, Government and private, [292]
• Schools, normal, “special” and technical, [294]
• Secret Memoirs, the, of Count Hayashi, [247]
• “Security of the Throne, The,” [181]
• Sei-in, or Council of State, [79], [101]
• Sei-i-Tai-Shōgun, [20]
• Séki-ga-hara, battle of, [32]
• Senate (Genrō-in), [137]
• Sendai, daimiō of, [30], [33]
• Seoul, [215]
• Shaho, River, battle of the, [262]
• Shibusawa, Baron, [177]
• Shigéno, Professor, [288]
• Shimabara, insurrection of, [30]
• Shimada Saburō, [165]
• Shimadzu Saburō, [55], [78], [79], [80], [127], [129], [130], [186]
• Shimoda, Mrs., [295]
• Shimoda, opening of, [46]
• Shimonoséki, Straits of, closing of, [57];
  • destruction of forts at, [58];
  • French arrangement regarding, [108]
• Shimonoséki, Treaty of, [222]
• Shimpei, or “New Soldiers,” [82]
• Shin Nippon, the, [277]
• Shin sect, the, [142], [287]
• Shingon sect, the, [143]
• Shinran Shōnin, Buddhist priest, [142]
• Shintō, Department of, [73];
  • Court religion, [147];
  • form of nature-worship, [139], [140];
  • funerals, [146]
• Shizoku, or gentry, [90];
  • discontent of, [126]
• Shōgun, the, creation of, [20];
  • absence of personal rule of, [21], [22], [23]
• Shōgunate, Tokugawa, authority of, [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38];
  • decline of, [50];
  • fall of, [63], [64]
• Shōguns, mentioned, Yoritomo, [24];
  • Iyémitsu, [30];
  • Iyéyasu, [32];
  • Hidétada, [38];
  • Iyésada, [51];
  • Iyémochi, [56];
  • Kéiki, [62]
• Shōguns and Mikados, [23]
• Shōguns and Court nobles, relations between, [301]
• Shōgun’s domains, the, extent of, [36];
  • revenue from, [84]
• Short Exhortation to the People, A, [296]
• Shoshidai, or Shōguns, Resident in Kiōtō, [37]
• Shōtoku Taishi, Prince, [142]
• Sian-fu, flight of Chinese Court to, [242]
• Siberia, intervention of Allies in, in Great War, [281]
• Society, before Restoration, classification of, [20]
• “Society of Political Friends” (Seiyūkai), [201]
• Sōga family, the, [18]
• Sōshi, or political rowdies, [160], [202]
• Sovereign, impersonality of Japanese, [21]
• Sovereign, terms used to designate Japanese, [40]
• Soyéshima, Count, [121], [302]
• Spanish missionaries, [28]
• Specie payments, resumption of, [175]
• “Spheres of interest,” [237]
• State services, feudal (Kokuyéki), [34]
• Statutes of the Chinese Eastern Railway, [229]
• Stirling, Admiral, [46]
• Stoessel, General, [262]
• Succession to the throne, [190]
• Suiko, Empress, [142]
• Sung school of Confucianism, [150]
• Supreme administration, department of, [73]
• Surplus population, outlet for, [120]
• Swords, the wearing of, in Satsuma, [128]
• Ta-lien-Wan leased to Russia, [231];
  • retreat of Chinese fleet to, [220], [228]
• Taikun (see Tycoon)
• Tai-wön-kun, the, Regent of Korea, [215]
• Taigiōsho, or ex-Shōgun, [39]
• Taira family, the, [20]
• Tairō, the, or Regent, [50], [52], [55]
• Taishō, or era of “Great Righteousness,” [70]
• Taku Forts, storming of the, [242]
• Takushan, [261]
• Tanégashima, [27]
• T’ang dynasty, the, [18]
• Taoism, [144]
• Tariff, amendment of, [61]
• Tariff autonomy, [272]
• Taxation, land, revision of, [99], [101], [104];
  • made uniform, [105]
• Technical schools, [297]
• Tendai and Shingon, sects of Buddhism, [142], [143]
• Terashima, Count, [74]
• Territorial jurisdiction, the question of, [207]
• Things Japanese, [143]
• “Three Great Laws,” the, [156], [184]
• Throne, the, [18], [19];
  • constitutional prerogatives of, [188];
  • exalted respect for, [182];
  • ineffective authority of, [181];
  • intervention of, [201];
  • restricted rights of, [38];
  • subservience of, under Iyéyasu and his successors, [37]
• Tientsin Convention, the, [216]
• Tientsin, taking of, in Boxer campaign, [242]
• Time, methods of reckoning, [69], [70], [71]
• Ting, Admiral, [221]
• Title, to land, how determined, [105]
• Title-deeds, [100], [101], [105]
• Titles, in feudal times, territorial and official, [40], [42];
  • modern, [173]
• Tōgō, Admiral, [217], [259]
• Tokimuné (Hōjō Regent), [24]
• Tōkiō, or “Eastern Capital,” new name for Yedo, [79];
  • centre for political parties, [168]
• Tōkiō University, [293]
• Tokugawa Iyéyasu, first Tokugawa Shōgun, [32]
• Tokugawa Shōgunate, the, [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37];
  • decline of, [50], [60];
  • fall of, [63], [64]
• Tonkin Frontier, rectification of the, [226]
• Torres, [27]
• Tosa clan, the, [71]
• Tosa, daimiō of, [33], [35], [50], [53], [63]
• Tosa and Hizen, political union of, [137]
• Tozama, daimiōs, [34]
• Trade, effect of, abolition of feudalism on, [94];
  • hampered state of, [82]
• Trade quarters in towns, [195]
• “Tranquillity of the People, The,” [181]
• Trans-Siberian Railway, the, [227]
• Transition, Japan in state of, [305]
• Treaties, first with Foreign Powers, [46];
  • revised treaties, [61];
  • new treaties, [209], [240], [272]
• Treaties, early working of, [108]
• “Treaty limits,” [48], [182]
• Treaty Ports, for foreign residence and trade, [48], [61]
• Treaty of Portsmouth, [264]
• Treaty Powers, sympathy of, with difficulties of Japanese Government, [114]
• Treaty revision, agitation for, [110], [179];
  • early desire for, [48];
  • Conferences, [178];
  • course of negotiations, [204], [205], [206];
  • Great Britain takes initiative, [207], [209];
  • other Powers fall into line, [240]
• “Tribute,” exaction of, by new Government, [83]
• Tsarevitch, attempt on life of, [194]
• Tsushima Islands, [25]
• Tsushima Straits, naval battle in, [263]
• Tuan, Prince, [241]
• Twenty-one Demands, the, [278]
• Two-clan government, [133], [275]
• Tycoon, the (Taikun), [23], [46], [54], [64], [66]
• U-in, [80]
• Udajin, [80]
• “Union for the establishment of a parliament,” [156]
• United States and Japan, friendly relations between, [265];
  • later friction, causes of, [265], [266]
• Universities, instruction in, [297]
• Uraga, Commodore Perry, at, [45]
• Uwajima, daimiō of, [50], [53]
• Uyéhara, Mr., [157]
• Vendettas, [303]
• Vladivostok, Russian squadron at, [259], [262]
• Waldersee, Count, [242]
• War taxes, imposed after Russian war, [105]
• Waséda College, the, [160]
• Weekly holiday, the, [71]
• Weihaiwei, retreat of Chinese fleet to, [220];
  • Japanese capture of, [221];
  • leased to Great Britain, [232]
• Western innovations, adoption of, [124]
• Western political literature, study of, [160]
• Western thought, the influence of, [297]
• Women, position of, [285];
  • education of, [294], [295]
• Women’s University, the, [295]
• Worship of animals, the, [141]
• Written language, Japanese, [18], [113], [268]
• Xavier, [27];
  • his warning to Spain, [31]
• Y.M.C.A. in Japan, [148]
• Yalu River, Russian defeat at the, [260]
• Yamaga Sokō, [149]
• Yamagata, Field-Marshal Prince, [174], [218], [221], [251], [255], [302]
• Yamaji, Mr. Y., [148]
• Yamato Damashii, or Japanese spirit, [150]
• Yano Fumiō, [165]
• Yashikis, or feudal residences, [53], [99]
• Yedo, seat of authority, [19], [66];
  • renamed Tōkiō, [79];
  • postponed opening of, [107]
• Yokohama, [46], [55], [58]
• Yoritomo, [20]
• Yuan Shih-kai, Chinese Resident in Seoul, [215], [241]

Printed in Great Britain at

The Mayflower Press, Plymouth. William Brendon & Son, Ltd.

1922

---

Demy 8vo. With Illustrations & Plans. Price 32s. Nett

A DIPLOMAT IN JAPAN

The Inner History of the Critical Years in the Evolution of Japan when the Ports were opened and the Monarchy restored, recorded by a Diplomatist who took an active part in the events of the time, with an account of his personal experiences during that period

BY

THE RT. HON. SIR ERNEST SATOW

P.C., G.C.M.G., LL.D., D.C.L.

British Minister at Peking, 1900–5

Formerly Secretary of the British Legation at Tōkiō.

The Family Crest of the Tokugawa Shōguns.

SOME EARLY REVIEWS.

A truly remarkable series of impressions of memorable and notable scenes.

Sheffield Independent.

“SIR ERNEST SATOW DESCRIBES ONE OF THE MOST FATEFUL CHAPTERS IN THE HISTORY OF THE FAR EAST WITH THE AUTHORITY OF A CHIEF ACTOR in the scenes that he narrates.... He played his part not infrequently at the risk of his own life.”—Times.

“The renascence of Japan is unique in modern history. Half a century ago the country was governed by a feudal system more ancient than mediævalism.... The story of this wonderful transformation is told by Sir Ernest Satow who lived through it, and played a notable part in bringing it about.... Sir Ernest Satow recalls and will preserve a thousand details of a story the like of which has never been conceived in fiction.... Like his friend and colleague, the late Lord Redesdale, Sir Ernest Satow varied his official life in Japan with risky excursions full of incident and unconventionality.... THE MOST PICTURESQUE STORY OF A DIPLOMAT’S ADVENTURES THAT HAS APPEARED since Lord Redesdale’s famous book, which was based in part upon Sir Ernest’s lively diary.”—Yorkshire Post.

“A REMARKABLE BOOK.... The author has the ability to make his history interesting in the highest degree.... He saw everything that he wished to see. He had business with all classes of people from the temporal and spiritual rulers down to the humblest of the people.... Most valuable.... A book to be read with interest and profit by all who have to do with Japan.”—Dundee Courier.

“Sir Ernest penetrated the veil.”—London and China Express.

“Not the least interesting part of the book consists of the glimpses it gives into the inner workings of diplomacy.”—Manchester Guardian.

AMONG PRIMITIVE PEOPLES IN BORNEO

A Description of the Lives, Habits & Customs of the Piratical Head-Hunters of North Borneo, with an Account of Interesting Objects of Prehistoric Antiquity discovered in the Island

BY

IVOR H. N. EVANS, B.A.

Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute.

A Bornean Hat.

Demy 8vo. With Many Illustrations & a Map. 21s. Net

SOME EARLY REVIEWS.

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IN UNKNOWN CHINA

A Record of the Observations, Adventures and Experiences of a Pioneer of Civilization During a Prolonged Sojourn Amongst the Wild and Unknown Nosu Tribe of Western China

BY

S. POLLARD

Author of “In Tight Corners in China.”

Demy 8vo. With Many Illustrations & Maps. Price 25s. Nett

SOME EARLY REVIEWS.

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“In addition to its engrossing matter, Mr. Pollard’s book has the attraction of a bright and pleasant style, which reveals at times a happy sense of humour, a characteristic feature not always very marked in this branch of literature.”—Glasgow Herald.

“Nosuland is a very interesting region.... Mr. Pollard has some awkward experiences. That, of course, makes his narrative all the more lively and interesting.”—Liverpool Post.

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“Full of adventure and strangeness, with many excellent photographs.”—Daily Mail.

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UNEXPLORED NEW GUINEA

Travel, Adventure, and Observation amongst Head-Hunters and Cannibals of the unexplored interior

BY

WILFRID N. BEAVER

For many years Resident Magistrate in Western New Guinea.

A New Guinea Lakatoi.

Demy 8vo. With 32 Illustrations & 4 Maps. Price 25s. Nett.

SOME EARLY REVIEWS.

“A piquant and well illustrated book.”—Graphic.

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“May be taken as the first standard work on the interior of New Guinea ... contains a wealth of detail admirably illustrated. A really valuable and at the same time an intensely interesting book.”—Sheffield Telegraph.

SEELEY, SERVICE & CO., LTD., 38 GREAT RUSSELL STREET, W.C.

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. Silently corrected obvious typographical errors and variations in spelling.
2. Retained archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as printed.