IV. Central Asia

Mountain

116 M^o. caropanus: Paropanisus Mons, Ptol. (VI, 11:5, etc. (FA25));=Hindu Kush (Hallb., 393). See also [123].

Rivers

117 f. Ixartes: Jaxartis Fl., Ptol. (VI, 12:1, etc. (FA22)); shown but not named on CE; Flum d’Organçi, CA; see Hallb., 280-281. On ancient and medieval knowledge of the Aral Sea, into which the Jaxartes flows, see W. Barthold, Aral, in Encycl. of Islam, Vol. 1, Leiden and London, 1913, pp. 419-420.

118 f. Oxius: Oxus Fl., Ptol. (VI, 9:1, etc. (FA22)); ?Flum Amo, CA; not shown on CE; see Hallb., 24-26.

119 f. rius: Areios or Arius Fl., Ptol. (VI, 17:2 (FA24)); see Hallb., 25, 47; PW, ii, 623;=?Hari Rud.

Edifices

120 organa: ?Dupl. of [121].

121 organ|zia: Flum d’Organçi, CA; see Hallb., 547-549; Yule, Cath., iii, 82;=Urganj, famous medieval city of Khorasmia on the lower Oxus.

122 sagom|oa(?):=?Samarkand (see Hallb., 445-448).

Place Names

123 paraponixa; Paropanisades, Ptol. (VI, 18, etc. (FA24));=northern Afghanistan (Besnier, 573). See also [116].

124 archuxia: Arachosia, Ptol. (VI, 20, etc. (FA24));=Afghanistan (Besnier, 69). See Hallb., 33-34.

125 arzeglia: =? See [129].

126 dragiana: Drangiana, Ptol. (VI, 19, etc. (FA24));=Seistan (Hallb., 192).

127 margana: Margiana, Ptol. (VI, 10, etc. (FA22));=environs of modern Merv (Besnier, 464).

128 archuxia: Dupl. of [124].

129 arzegia: Dupl. of [125].

130 mesagit: Massagitae, Ptol. (VI, 10:2 (FA22)); a people of Scythia mentioned also by Pliny, Solinus, etc. (Hallb., 339-340).

131 bocasan: ?Bocar, CA;=Bukhara (Hallb., 79-80).

132 orcania: Probably a repetition of [120] and [121]; might, however, be Hyrcania, Ptol. (VI, 9 (FA22)); see Hallb., 253-254;=part of Mazanderan (Besnier, 376).

133 samaria:=?Samarcand (see [122]); Hallb., 448, suggests Samaria in Palestine misplaced, but adds: “pourtant la chose n’est pas probable.”

134 zagaspia: Zaraspa, CA; Zariaspa or Zarispa in Bactriana, Ptol. (VI, 11:7 (FA22));=Balkh (Besnier, 117). See also Kret., Walsp., 385.

135 amol: This name is applied to various towns and to a river in central Asia on CA and Mauro. Perhaps it represents a confusion of the name of the town of Amol in Mazanderan with that of the Amu Daria (Oxus). See Hallb., 24-26.

136 seno: ?Sena or Sina in Margiana, Ptol. (VI, 10:3 (FA22)).

137 lidazel:=?