LIST OF REFERENCES

The publications listed here are those to which frequent reference only is made in the Notes and Appendix. The abbreviations there employed precede each reference.

Besnier: Maurice Besnier, Lexique de géographie ancienne, Paris, 1914.

Buchon and Tastu: J. A. C. Buchon and J. Tastu, Notice d’un atlas en langue catalane, manuscrit de l’an 1375, conservé parmi les manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Royale sous le N^o 6816, fonds ancien, in-folio maximo, in Notices et extraits de manuscrits de la Bibliothèque du Roi et autres bibliothèques, Vol. 14, Paris, 1841, pp. 1-152.

Only complete transcription and commentary on the Catalan Atlas. See [CA].

CA: Catalan Atlas (i. e. map divided into six parchment sheets) of 1375; sometimes called Catalan Atlas of Charles V, to whose library it belonged. Facsimile in: Choix de documents géographiques conservés à la Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, 1883.

See [Kret., Port.], pp. 123-124; Buchon and Tastu; Cordier, CA.

CD: Map of Angellino Dulcert, 1339. See E. T. Hamy, La mappemonde d’Angelino Dulcert, de Majorque (1339), 2nd edition, Paris, 1903 (with photographic reproduction).

See [Kret., Port.], pp. 118-119.

CE: Catalan map of fifteenth century in Biblioteca Estense, Modena. Colored reproduction accompanying Konrad Kretschmer, Die Katalanische Weltkarte der Biblioteca Estense zu Modena, in Zeitschr. Gesell. für Erdkunde zu Berlin, Vol. 32, 1897, pp. 65-111, 191-218 (=Kret., CE). Photographic reproduction in F. L. Pullé, Studi italiani di filologia indo-iranica, Vol. 5, Atlas, Florence, 1905.

Con.: Libro del conosçimiento de todos los reynos y tierras ... escrito por un franciscano español à mediados del siglo XIV. Our references are to the pages of Sir Clements Markham’s translation and edition (of Jiménez de la Espada’s edition, q. v.) entitled Book of the Knowledge of all the Kingdoms...., Hakluyt Society [Publs.], Ser. 2, Vol. 29, London, 1912.

Cordier, CA: Henri Cordier, L’Extrême-Orient dans l’atlas catalan de Charles V, Roi de France, in Bulletin de géographie historique et descriptive, Vol. 10, 1895, pp. 19-64.

Cordier, Ser M. P.: Henri Cordier, Ser Marco Polo: Notes and Addenda to Sir Henry Yule’s Edition, Containing the Results of Recent Research and Discovery, London and New York, 1920.

FA: See [Ptolemy].

Fischer: Theobold Fischer, Sammlung mittelalterlicher Welt- und Seekarten italienischen Ursprungs und aus italienischen Bibliotheken und Archiven herausgegeben und erläutert, Venice, 1886.

Text accompanying Raccolta.

Gerini: G. E. Gerini, Researches on Ptolemy’s Geography of Eastern Asia (Further India and Indo-Malay Archipelago), constituting Asiatic Society Monographs No. 1, London, 1909.

Hallb: Ivar Hallberg, L’Extrême Orient dans la littérature et la cartographie de l’Occident des XIII^e, XIV^e, et XV^e siècles: étude sur l’histoire de la géographie, Göteborg, 1906.

Alphabetical list of place names throughout Asia as a whole (not merely the Far East) with variant forms, references to the sources, and identifications.

Hamy: E. T. Hamy, Les origines de la cartographie de l’Europe septentrionale, in Bulletin de géographie historique et descriptive, Vol. 3, 1888, pp. 333-432.

Jiménez de la Espada: Márcos Jiménez de la Espada, editor, Libro del conosçimiento de todos los reynos y tierras ... escrito por un franciscano español á mediados del siglo XIV, Madrid, 1877.

See also [Con.]

Kret., CE: See [CE].

Kret., Port.: Konrad Kretschmer, Die italienischen Portolane des Mittelalters, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Kartographie und Nautik, constituting Veröffentlichungen, Instit. für Meereskunde und Geographisches Instit. an der Universität Berlin, No. 13, Berlin, 1909.

This fundamental study includes a descriptive list of the principal portolan charts and a list of the names shown on them along the coasts of the Mediterranean and Atlantic, with identifications with modern names.

La R.: Charles de La Roncière, La découverte de l’Afrique au moyen âge, cartographes et explorateurs, Vols. 1 and 2, Cairo, 1925.

Lelewel: Joachim Lelewel, Géographie du moyen age, 5 vols. and atlas, Brussels, 1852-1857.

Mauro: Fra Mauro’s map of the world, c. 1458, in Doge’s Palace, Venice. Much reduced photographic reproduction in Raccolta, No. 15; copy in Santarem, Atlas.

See [Zurla]; [Kret., Port.], p. 140.

Miller, Arab.: Konrad Miller, Mappae arabicae: arabische Welt- und Länderkarten des 9.-13. Jahrhunderts, 6 vols. (of which Vols. 3, 4, and 5 have not yet appeared), Stuttgart, 1926-1927.

Miller, Mappaemundi: Konrad Miller, Mappaemundi: die ältesten Weltkarten, 6 vols., Stuttgart, 1895-1898.

Müller: Carl Müller, editor, Claudii Ptolemaei geographia, Vol. 1, Parts 1 and 2, and Atlas, Paris 1883, 1901. Covers Bks. I-V only. See [Ptol.]

Nordenskiöld, Periplus: A. E. Nordenskiöld, Periplus, an Essay on the Early History of Charts and Sailing-Directions, transl. by F. A. Bather, Stockholm, 1897.

Piz.: Francesco Pizigano’s map, 1367, in National Library, Parma. Copy in [E.-F.] Jomard, Les monuments de la géographie, ou recueil d’anciennes cartes.... Paris, [1862].

See [Kret., Port.], pp. 121-122.

Polo: Marco Polo, The Book of Ser Marco Polo the Venetian Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East, translated and edited with notes by Sir Henry Yule, 3rd edition revised by Henri Cordier, 2 vols., London, 1903.

Except where otherwise indicated all references are to volumes and pages of this edition.

Ptol.: Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemaeus), Geographia, edited by C. F. A. Nobbe, 3 vols., Leipzig, Vol. 1, 1898; Vol. 2, 1913; Vol. 3, n. d.

References are to book, chapter, and section of this edition. References indicated by FA are to the plates on which reproductions from the Rome, 1490, edition are given in A. E. Nördenskiöld, Facsimile-Atlas to the Early History of Cartography with Reproductions of the Most Important Maps Printed in the XV and XVI Centuries, translated from the Swedish Original by J. A. Ekelöf and C. R. Markham, Stockholm, 1889.

Pullé, Vat.: See [Vat.]

PW: Paulys Real-encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, new edition begun by Georg Wissowa. 15 vols, and 4 supplements have appeared (1927), Stuttgart, 1894-.

Raccolta: Raccolta di mappamondi e carte nautiche del XIII al XVI secolo, (H. F. and M. Münster, succeeded by) Ferd. Ongania, Venice, (1869?), 1881. (Series of photographic facsimiles of 17 maps, also known as Ongania Collection. See [Fischer].)

Rainaud: Armand Rainaud, Le continent austral: hypothèses et découvertes, Paris, 1893.

Santarem: Le Vicomte de Santarem, Essai sur l’histoire de la cosmographie et de la cartographie pendant le moyen-age...., 3 vols. and atlas, Paris, 1849-1852.

Spruner-Menke: K. von Spruner and Th. Menke, Hand-atlas für die Geschichte des Mittelalters und der neueren Zeit (third edition of Spruner’s atlas revised by Menke), Gotha, 1880.

Vat.: Map in Vatican Library, fondo Museo Borgiano, No. V. Photographic reproduction with commentary in: F. L. Pullé, Una carta itineraria del secolo XV [Vaticana Borgiana], constituting Studi italiani di filologia indo-iranica, Vol. 5, La cartografia antica dell’ India, Part 2, Appendix 4, Florence, 1905 (=Pullé, Vat.).

Vilad.: Map of Mecia de Viladestes, 1413. Colored reproduction of African portion as frontispiece of La R., Vol. 1.

See [Kret., Port.], p. 126.

Vivien de St. Martin: [Louis] Vivien de St. Martin, Le nord de l’Afrique dans l’antiquité grecque et romaine: étude historique et géographique, Paris, 1863.

Wright, Lore: J. K. Wright, The Geographical Lore of the Time of the Crusades: a Study in the History of Medieval Science and Tradition in Western Europe, constituting American Geographical Society Research Series No. 15, New York, 1925.

Yule, Cath.: Sir Henry Yule, Cathay and the Way Thither, 2nd edit., edited by Henri Cordier, 4 vols., Hakluyt Society [Publs.], Ser. 2, Vols. 33, 37, 38, 41, London, 1913-1916.

Yule, Polo: See [Polo].

Zurla: Placido Zurla, Il mappamondo di Fra Mauro Camaldolese, Venice, 1806.