The Connaught Rangers,
COMPRISING
1st Batt. (formerly) The 88th (Connaught Rangers) Regiment of Foot.
2nd Batt. ( " ) The 94th Regiment of Foot; with Militia Battalions.
3rd Batt. The South and North Mayo Militia.
4th Batt. The Galway Militia.
5th Batt. The Roscommon Militia.
The Elephant. (Caparisoned) The Harp and Crown. The Sphinx.
TITLES.
1st Batt.
1760-63. The 88th (Royal Highland Volunteers) Regiment of Foot; disbanded.
1779-83. The 88th Regiment of Foot; disbanded.
1793-1881. The 88th (Connaught Rangers) Regiment.
2nd Batt.
1760-63. The 94th (Royal Welsh Volunteers) Regiment of Foot; disbanded.
1779-83. The 94th Regiment of Foot; disbanded.
1794-95. The 94th (Irish) Regiment of Foot; disbanded.
1803-1818. The 94th (Scots Brigade) Regiment of Foot; disbanded.
1823-81. The 94th Regiment of Foot.
1881 (from). The Connaught Rangers.
PRINCIPAL CAMPAIGNS, BATTLES, &c.
* "Honours" on the Colours, the figures showing the Battalion concerned.
1760-62. Germany.
1760. Warbourg.
1760. Campen.
1762. Wilhelmstahl.
1794-95. Flanders.
1794. Nimeguen.
1793. Alost.
1796. Grenada.
1796. St. Lucia.
1799. Bergen.
*1799. Seringapatam (2).
*1801. Egypt (1).
1803. Argaum.
1806. Buenos Ayres.
1807. Monte Video.
*1809-14. Peninsula (1 & 2).
*1809. Talavera (1).
1810. Matagorda.
*1810. Busaco (1).
1811. Sabugal.
*1811. Fuentes d'Onor (1).
*1812. Ciudad Rodrigo (1 & 2).
*1812. Badajos (1 & 2).
*1812. Salamanca (1 & 2).
1812. Burgos.
*1813. Vittoria (1 & 2).
*1813. Nivelle (1 & 2).
1813. Pyrenees.
*1814. Orthes (1 & 2).
*1814. Toulouse (1 & 2).
1814. Plattsburg.
*1854. Alma (1).
*1854. Inkerman (1).
*1855. Sevastopol (1).
1857-58. Indian Mutiny.
*1858. Central India (1).
*1877-79. South Africa (1 & 2).
1880-81. Transvaal.
1900. South Africa.
Uniform.—1st Batt., in 1793, Scarlet with Yellow facings; now (1900) Scarlet and Deep Green. 2nd Batt., in 1823, Scarlet with Buff facings; at present the same as 1st Batt.
Regimental and other Badges.—"The Harp and Crown," with the Motto, "Quis separabit" (the badge of the 88th from formation). "The Sphinx" for "Egypt" (1801; also an 88th distinction). "The Elephant" (without the howdah, but caparisoned: this with "Seringapatam" on the honours has descended to the Connaughts through its 2nd Batt. from the 94th of 1803-1818. See Notes).
Nicknames.—"The Devil's Own" (88th), "The Gawies" (94th).
Notes.—The 94th of 1803-18 was a Scots Brigade in the service of Holland from 1586-1793, save one interregnum of three years from 1688-91. In 1804 it was taken into the English service, earning much distinction in India and in the Peninsular campaigns, the "honours" of which were revived in the 94th of 1823.
Bibliography.—Historical Record of The 88th, or Connaught Rangers. 1793-1837. [London: Clowes. 1838.]
The Princess Louise's (Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders).
(4 Batts.)
1st Batt. (formerly) The 91st (Princess Louise's Argyllshire Highlanders).
2nd Batt. ( " ) The 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot; with Militia Battalions.
3rd Batt. The Highland Borderers Militia.
4th Batt. The Royal Renfrew (Prince of Wales's) Militia.
The Princess Louise's Cypher and Coronet. A Cat: The Boar's Head.
TITLES.
1st Batt.
1794-96. The 98th (Argyllshire Highlanders) Regiment of Foot; renumbered.
1796-1809. The 91st (Argyllshire Highlanders) Regiment of Foot. Three other corps had previously borne this number; neither had been retained longer than four years.
1809-21. The 91st Regiment of Foot; its distinctive title was probably dropped for the same reason that the Highland dress was for a time discarded, because of its supposed impediment to recruiting.
1821-64. The 91st (Argyllshire) Regiment of Foot.
1864-72. The 91st (Argyllshire) Highlanders.
1872-1881. The 91st (Princess Louise's Argyllshire) Highlanders.
2nd Batt.
1760-96. The 93rd Regiment of Foot; during this period three 93rds were raised and disbanded—1760-63; 1779-83 (American War); and 1793-96 (served in Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice, and then was drafted into the 39th).
1800-61. The 93rd Highlanders.
1861-81. The 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders).
1881 (from). The Princess Louise's (Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders).
PRINCIPAL CAMPAIGNS, BATTLES, &c.
* "Honours" on the Colours, the figures showing the Battalion concerned.
1779-83. America.
1796. Guiana.
*1806. Cape of Good Hope (2).
*1808-14. Peninsula (1).
*1808. Roleia (1).
*1808. Vimiera (1).
*1809. Corunna (1).
1809. Flushing.
1809. Talavera.
*1813. Pyrenees (1).
*1813. Nivelle (1).
1813. Bidassoa.
*1813. Nive (1).
*1814. Orthes (1).
*1814. Toulouse (1).
1814. Bayonne.
1814-15. Netherlands.
1814. Bergen-op-Zoom.
1814. Antwerp.
1815. New Orleans.
1838. Canada.
*1846-47. South Africa (1).
*1851-53. South Africa (1).
*1854. Alma (2).
*1854. Balaclava (2).
1855. Kertch.
1855. Yenikale.
*1855. Sevastopol (2).
1857-58. Indian Mutiny.
*1857. Lucknow (2).
1858. Rohilcund.
*1879. South Africa (1).
1900. South Africa.
Uniform, &c.—Scarlet, with bright Yellow facings, and the Sutherland tartan.
Regimental Badges, &c.—"The Princess Louise's Cypher and Coronet," "The Boar's Head" (the Campbell crest), and "Ne obliviscaris." Also "A Cat" and "Sans peur" (the Sutherland cognisance).
Nickname.—"The Rory's."
Notes.—The old 91st was raised at Stirling by the Duke of Argyll: hence its title, crest, and motto. The Cape was the scene of its first campaign, since which it, with its companion battalion, has seen much service—a forty-one years' combined record—in South Africa. Its "honours" were, however, chiefly won in the Peninsular campaigns at the beginning of the century. The 2nd Batt. was also raised in Scotland from the Sutherland Fencible Highlanders, and has had a most distinguished career from then till now. Little need to dwell on its prowess. Who amongst us does not remember, or who has not read of that "thin red line" drawn up by Colin Campbell to resist the onslaught of the Russian Horse at Balaclava; how the 93rd stood their ground, successfully stemming and finally repulsing that memorable charge; how it alone of all regiments of foot enjoys the proud distinction of "Balaclava" on its "colours"? And surely there is still less need to tell how a few months later, in the Mutiny, and especially at Lucknow, this famous corps added new and undying laurels to its regimental record—a record which is in the memory or ken of all.
Bibliography.—Historical Records of The 91st Argyllshire Highlanders (now the 1st Battalion Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders). From the formation of the Regiment in 1794 to 1881. By G. L. Goff, 91st Highlanders. With full-page coloured and other illustrations. [London: Bentley. 1891.]
Historical Record of The 93rd Sutherland Highlanders, now 2nd Battalion Princess Louise's Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. By Roderick H. Burgoyne. [London: Bentley. 1883.]
History of the 1st Battalion Princess Louise's Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. By Lieut.-Colonel H. G. Robley and P. J. Aubin. [Cape Town: Murray and S. Zeyer. 1883.]