INDEX - The Middle Period, 1817-1858 - 35 - John William Burgess

INDEX

Material in the Appendices is not included in this Index.

A

BBOTT

, J. B., leader of "Free-state" Company,

Abolition,

et seq.;

relation to Revolution of 1830,

,

;

its philosophy,

;

the opposite theory,

;

the true philosophy of history,

,

;

the beginning of abolition,

(

see

, William Lloyd);

possible ways of attacking slavery,

;

charges as to Southampton massacre,

;

denials by abolitionist historians,

;

abolitionist methods,

,

;

killing of Lovejoy,

;

significance of abolition movement,

,

;

its growth,

;

the moderates,

;

petitions for abolition in District of Columbia,

,

;

position of Adams,

,

;

Quaker petition,

;

position of Mason and Adams,

;

more petitions,

(

see

, right of);

Dickson presents petitions,

;

his controversy with Chinn,

;

the Fairfield petitions,

;

excitement begun by Slade's motion,

;

Polk's ruling,

;

action on Jackson's petitions,

et seq.;

assumption as to ethical position,

;

attitude of Calhoun and Rives,

,

;

the Vermont petition,

;

the Calhoun resolutions,

;

use of mails,

et seq.

(

see

, United States);

significance of the contests over petitions and the mails,

;

result of struggle over petitions,

;

demands of Clay,

;

criticism of Clay as to annexation,

;

candidacy of Birney,

;

position on Polk's first message,

,

;

as to war with Mexico,

,

;

attitude on Texan boundary,

;

attitude to fugitive slave law of 1793,

;

attitude to Clay's proposals,

;

Webster's Seventh of March speech,

;

effect of propaganda,

;

nomination of Hale for presidency,

;

the

National Era

address,

;

effect of the address,

;

as to leaders of Emigrant Aid Company,

;

relation of Kansas affairs to presidential nominee,

;

point of view of the "Crime against Kansas,"

Abolitionists,

see

Adams, John Quincy,

relation to Jackson,

;

opinion of treaty with Spain,

;

negotiations with Spain,

,

;

effect of Seminole War,

;

declaration to Tuyl,

,

;

qualification as presidential candidate in 1824,

;

electoral vote of 1824,

,

;

supported in House by Clay,

;

the Kremer charge,

;

elected president,

;

offers State Department to Clay,

,

;

threats of opposition,

,

;

no proof of bargain with Clay,

;

opposition to Administration organized,

;

relation to Panama Congress,

,

;

nominates commissioners to the Congress,

;

nomination confirmed,

;

relation to Spain's colonies,

,

;

as to internal improvements,

,

;

message of December, 1826,

;

appropriations approved for internal improvements,

;

chairman of committee,

;

reports tariff bill,

;

bill passed,

;

report on Bank,

;

relation to Bank history,

;

representations from Creek chiefs,

;

orders Gaines to Georgia,

;

controversy with Troup,

,

;

steps to carry out agreement of 1826,

;

defiance of Georgia,

;

submits matter to Congress,

;

refers Cherokee affair to Jackson,

,

;

view of Indian titles,

;

principles of administration reviewed by Supreme Court,

;

relation to Cabinet intrigue against Jackson,

;

as to authorship of Jacksonian principles,

;

presents abolition petitions,

;

his position on abolition,

,

;

prevents debate on abolition petitions,

;

compared with Slade,

;

opinion as to procedure on petitions,

;

appeal for right of petition,

;

presents petition on abolition,

,

;

his belief as to the right involved,

;

effort at settlement,

;

affair of February 6, 1837,

;

address on annexation,

"Address on the Relations of the States and Federal Government,"

"Address to the People of South Carolina,"

Admiralty jurisdiction, proposal to decrease that of federal courts,

Africa,

Alabama, Commonwealth of,

in process of creation,

;

slavery allowed,

;

Indian problem in Jackson's message of 1829,

,

;

Alabama letter of Clay,

,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

Buford's men in Kansas,

Alamo atrocities,

,

Albany Regency, The,

;

in election of 1824,

Alien and Sedition Laws,

Alleghanies, The,

,

,

,

,

Ambrister, Robert C.,

,

Amelia Island,

,

America for Americans, principle of,

American Anti-Slavery Society, formed,

American Board of Missions, sends out Whitman,

American Society for Emancipation,

"American System," The,

,

(

see

, H.)

Ampudia, Pedro de, demands Taylor's withdrawal,

Anderson, Richard Clough, Jr.,

nominated commissioner to Panama Congress,

;

nomination confirmed,

Appalachicola River, The,

,

,

,

,

Arbuthnot, Alexander,

,

Archer, William S.,

opposition to Texas treaty,

,

;

his doctrine adopted by Tyler,

;

report on Texas resolution,

,

Arista, Mariana, notifies Taylor of beginning of hostilities,

Arkansas, Commonwealth of,

admitted,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Arkansas, Territory of,

Arkansas River, the,

Army of the United States,

legislation upon,

,

;

troops in Florida,

et seq.

(

see

, and

, Territory of);

as to South Carolina,

Ashburton, Alexander Baring, first Baron, negotiations with Webster,

Ashburton Treaty,

Asia, California the road to,

Astor, John Jacob, understanding with the Government,

Astoria, founded,

,

Atchison, Missouri, place of publication of

Squatter Sovereign,

Atchison, David R.,

criticism of organization of Nebraska Territory,

;

his record and influence,

,

;

on the Wakarusa,

;

agrees with Robinson,

;

causes Missourians to withdraw,

;

repudiates the sacking of Lawrence,

;

in command at Bull Creek,

Austin, Moses, secures Texan grant from Mexico,

Austin, Stephen Fuller, colonizes grant in Texas,

Austria, in Holy Alliance,

B

ADGER

, G

EORGE

E

DMUND

,

contention as to Chase's amendment,

;

offers amendment,

Baldwin, John, claims site of Lawrence,

Baltimore, Maryland,

petition for abolition,

;

Hamlet case,

;

conventions of 1852,

Baltimore & Ohio railroad, system begun,

Bank of the United States,

bill for its creation,

;

Calhoun's argument,

,

,

;

Clay's early view,

;

Webster's objections,

;

Clay's support,

,

;

modified bill passed by House,

,

;

attitude of Barbour, Bibb, Taylor, Wells,

;

passed by Senate,

;

bill of 1816 a Southern and national measure,

,

;

bank bill under comparison,

,

;

Jackson's message of 1829,

;

later interpretations of Jackson's attack,

,

;

the troubles in New Hampshire,

;

the opposition of principle,

,

;

origin of opposition to "money power,"

,

;

origin of "State's rights" opposition to Bank,

;

tax on branches in Ohio and Maryland,

;

the results,

;

relation to "relief party" in Kentucky,

,

;

Benton's attack,

;

his resolution defeated,

;

attitude of Benton,

;

and of Jackson,

,

;

Bank supported by committees,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1830,

,

;

relation of question to slavery,

;

relation to politics,

;

Jackson's second attack,

,

;

Benton's resolution of 1831,

,

;

Jackson's message of 1831,

;

the Bank question before the people,

,

;

advice of Clay and Webster,

;

petition for re-charter,

;

relation of Bank question to question of Jackson's election,

;

action by the Senate,

,

;

Clayton committee report in House,

;

McDuffie's report on Bank,

;

House passes the Senate bill,

;

veto by Jackson,

;

analysis of his message,

;

interpretation of the message,

;

the principles of Jackson ratified by the people,

;

effect on Jackson's views of election on Bank issue,

;

control of deposits,

;

removal of McLane and Duane,

;

deposits suspended by Taney,

;

Taney's contention,

,

;

Senate's resolutions of censure,

;

attitude of Benton,

;

Jackson successful in all points,

;

result of removal of deposits,

;

enforcement and effect of Act of June 23,

,

;

Bank bills vetoed by Tyler,

Barbour, James,

supports bank bill,

;

proposes union of Maine and Missouri bills,

;

position on Maine-Missouri bill,

;

on conference committee,

;

letter to Troup,

,

;

controversy with Troup,

Barbour, Philip Pendleton,

in Missouri bill debate,

;

opposes tariff bill of 1824,

,

Beaufort, South Carolina, instructions to collector,

Beecher, Henry Ward, opposes fugitive slave law,

Behring's Strait,

Belgium, recognizes Texan independence,

Bell, John,

report on President's powers,

;

proposition as to California and New Mexico,

;

its reference,

,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

;

attitude to Kansas-Nebraska bill and to Douglas's amendment,

;

speech against the bill,

,

;

vote on the bill,

Bell, P. H., extends jurisdiction of Texas,

,

Benton, Thomas Hart,

attacks the Bank,

;

resolution defeated,

;

becomes Jackson's lieutenant,

;

resolution against the Bank,

;

his resolution not accepted,

;

attack on practices of Bank,

;

opinion on use of Government deposits by the Bank,

;

defends Jackson against censure of Senate,

;

criticism of Texas treaty,

;

changes vote,

;

opposition to Foote's motion,

;

offers to cudgel Foote,

Berrien, John McPherson,

opinion of Indian agreement of 1826,

;

report on Calhoun's proposition,

,

;

views on slavery in Mexican acquisition,

,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

Bibb, William Wyatt, supports bank bill,

Biddle, Nicholas,

beginning of bank trouble,

;

management of bank,

Birney, James G., effect of Clay's Alabama letter,

Bishop of London,

Black Jack, Brown captures Pate at,

Blair, Montgomery, letter to Welles on Seward,

,

Blood, James,

at Kansas City, and at site of Lawrence,

;

in "Free-State" directory,

Bloomfield, Joseph, voting,

Blow, Taylor, connection with Dred Scott case,

"Blue Lodges," in Missouri,

Body of Liberties, Massachusetts,

Bonaparte, Napoleon,

relation to slavery in Louisiana,

,

;

commercial system,

;

relation to Holy Alliance,

Boon, Ratliff, in House proceedings,

Boston, Massachusetts,

beginning of Abolition,

;

meetings on fugitive slave law,

;

the Crafts case,

;

the Shadrach case,

;

the Sims case,

,

;

Kansas emigrants departing,

Boston and Albany railroad, survey begun,

Branscomb, Charles H.,

goes to Kansas,

,

;

at the site of Lawrence,

;

buys claim of Stearns,

Branson, Jacob,

threatens Buckley,

;

arrested by Sheriff Jones,

;

rescued by "Free-state" men,

,

;

charges as to the rescue,

;

effort to arrest participants in rescue,

Bright, Jesse D.,

motion as to Territorial governments,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

Brooks, Preston Smith,

assault upon Sumner,

,

;

effect of assault modified by Pottawattomie massacre,

Brown

vs.

Maryland [12 Wheaton, 419],

,

Brown, John,

appears at Lawrence,

;

the Pottawattomie massacre,

;

the massacre characterized,

;

captures Pate at Black Jack,

;

dispersal of the gang and disappearance of Brown,

;

effect of massacre,

;

his work characterized,

,

Brown, Mary, arrest of Hamlet,

Brown, R. P.,

organizes company of "Free-state" men,

;

captured and murdered,

Buchanan, James,

position upon tariff bill of 1827,

,

;

attitude to fugitive slave law,

;

candidate for presidential nomination,

;

the Ostend manifesto,

;

relation of his election to events in Kansas,

;

inaugural address quoted,

;

charge as to improper official conduct,

;

appoints Walker and Stanton to office in Kansas,

;

special message of February 2, 1858,

Buckley, ——, secures peace warrant against Branson,

Buenos Ayres,

Buffalo, New York, Free-soil convention,

Buford, Jefferson, repudiates sacking of Lawrence,

Bull Creek, Kansas,

Missourians encamped on,

;

skirmish at,

Burrill, James, Jr., position on Maine-Missouri bill,

Burt, Armistead, moves amendment to Douglas's bill,

Bushnell, Horace, member of Emigrant Aid Society,

Bustamente, Anastasio, decree on immigration,

Butler, Andrew Pickens,

contention as to fugitive slave law,

;

minority report on president's powers,

;

in debate on Foote's resolutions,

;

attacked by Sumner,

C

ABOT

, S

AMUEL

, member of Emigrant Aid Society,

Calhoun, John Caldwell,

;

committee service,

;

argument for the bank,

;

chief author of bank bill,

;

speech on tariff bill,

;

on internal improvements,

;

views rejected by Madison,

;

relation to Jackson,

,

;

effect of Seminole War,

;

as to relation between protection and slavery,

;

bill for internal improvements vetoed, 1817,

,

;

qualifications as presidential candidate in 1824,

,

;

as to vice-presidency,

;

elected vice-president,

,

;

relation to administration,

;

relation to Adams's administration,

,

;

elected vice-president,

,

;

political scientist of slavery,

;

publishes "South Carolina Exposition," "Address on Relation of States and Federal Government," and "Address to the People of South Carolina,"

;

his argument,

,

;

his doctrine of nullification,

;

relation to Jackson and Seminole War,

;

the Forsyth letter,

;

hostility of Jackson and Calhoun,

,

;

his letter to Governor Hamilton,

;

his theory of nullification reproduced,

;

resigns vice-presidency and becomes Senator,

;

opinion on the position of South Carolina,

,

;

statement in Senate as to South Carolina's acts,

,

;

opinion of the "Force Bill,"

;

attitude to Clay's compromise tariff,

;

attitude to the Wilkins "Force Bill,"

;

argument answered by Webster,

;

attitude to Clay's bill,

;

motive in course on nullification,

;

restatement of Jefferson's principles,

;

opinion of slavery cited,

;

antedated by Hammond,

;

contention as to petitions,

;

view of slavery,

;

resolutions of December 27, 1837,

;

fallacy of his position,

;

makes committee report, with bills, on use of mails,

,

;

his plan defeated,

;

views on recognition of Texas,

,

;

view on annexation of Texas,

;

his views expressed by Wise,

;

again Secretary of State,

;

notifies Texas of proposal to move forces,

;

view of constitutional position of Texas,

;

adopts idea of Archer as to annexation,

;

views as to method of annexation,

;

characterization of his views on annexation,

,

;

attitude to Mexican War,

;

views as to slavery in Territories,

,

;

his last speech,

;

his death,

;

views on fugitive slave laws,

California,

as to Congress of Verona,

;

occupied by Kearny,

;

importance of its occupation,

;

importance of Buena Vista,

;

about to be transferred,

;

acquisition in view,

;

in negotiations,

(

see

[Upper California]

);

Polk's message of July 6, 1848,

,

;

motions of Bright and Clayton,

;

the Clayton bill,

,

;

Polk's message of December, 1848,

;

gold and silver discoveries,

;

Douglas's bill,

;

Smith's bill,

;

Berrien's report,

,

;

new bill by Douglas,

;

motion by Walker,

,

;

proceedings in Congress,

;

views of Berrien and Webster,

,

;

failure of Congress to act,

;

effect of discoveries,

,

;

plan of Taylor,

;

the Monterey Convention,

;

Taylor's message of December 4, 1849,

,

;

Foote's bill,

;

Clay's plan,

,

;

objections of Southerners,

;

attitude of abolitionists,

;

application for admission,

;

consideration begun,

,

;

Calhoun's last speech,

;

Webster's Seventh of March speech,

;

Bell's proposition,

;

report of Committee on Territories,

;

Committee of Thirteen,

;

Clay's report,

;

passage of bill for admission,

,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

Robinson in,

;

Sutter land troubles,

;

Robinson's experience in, applied to Kansas,

,

Cambreleng, Churchill C., opposes tariff bill of 1824,

Canada,

,

,

Canning, George,

proposal to Rush,

;

declaration to Polignac,

Cape Breton,

Capulets, tomb of the,

Cass, Lewis,

opposes Upham's amendment,

;

views on relation of slavery and Mexican War,

;

Presidential nominee,

;

letter to Nicholson,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

;

attitude to fugitive slave law,

;

candidate for Presidential nomination,

;

attitude to Chase and Douglas,

Castle Pinckney,

becomes seat of custom-house for Charleston district,

;

Congress notified of change,

Catron, John, opinion on Dred Scott case,

Cerro Gordo, battle of,

Channing, William Ellery, opposition to fugitive slave law,

Chapultepec, battle of,

Charleston, South Carolina,

Government in control of anti-nullifiers,

;

nullifiers elect mayor,

;

test of tariff law,

;

Scott ordered to,

;

instructions to collectors,

;

removal of custom-house,

;

Congress notified,

;

post-office robbed,

;

committee of public safety elected,

;

postmaster communicates with New York postmaster,

;

the position of Postmaster-General Kendall,

,

Chase, Salmon Portland,

contention as to fugitive slave law,

;

signs

National Era

address,

;

moves amendment to Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

speech in Senate,

;

proposes further amendment,

;

contention with Pratt,

,

;

proposes third amendment,

,

;

proposes fourth amendment,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

effect of

National Era

address,

Chattahoochee River, the,

,

Cheever, George Burrell, opposes fugitive slave law,

Cherokee Nation

vs.

Georgia [5 Peters, 1],

Cherokees,

brought under criminal jurisdiction of Georgia,

;

appeal to President,

,

;

Jackson's reply,

;

Cherokees refuse offers for cession of claims,

;

the question in Jackson's message of 1829,

,

;

different views of Indian land titles,

,

;

Cherokee lands incorporated by Commonwealth of Georgia,

;

the Cherokee nation case,

;

the case of Worcester against Georgia,

,

Cherubusco, battle of,

Cheves, Langdon, management of bank,

Chihuahua, captured by Doniphan,

Chili, treaty of 1823 with Columbia,

Chillicothe, O., bank trouble,

Chinn, Joseph W., resents Dickson's attack,

Choate, Rufus, attitude to fugitive slave law,

Christian baptism, relation to slavery,

Clark, George Rogers, sent out by Jefferson,

Clay, Henry,

views on the bank in 1812,

;

Speaker of House,

;

support of bank bill,

,

;

on tariff bill,

;

relation to Jackson,

,

;

opinion of treaty with Spain,

,

;

suggests union of Maine and Missouri bills,

;

plan of Clay,

;

report of Committee of Thirteen,

,

;

first plan defeated,

;

conference committee and its report on Missouri,

,

;

plan accepted,

,

;

supports tariff bill of 1824,

,

;

opposed by Barbour, Cambreleng and Webster,

,

;

efforts with reference to "Monroe Doctrine,"

;

qualifications as presidential candidate in 1824,

;

electoral vote of 1824,

;

in control of situation,

,

;

supports Adams,

;

the Kremer charge,

;

offer of secretaryship of state,

,

;

opposition threatened,

,

;

Clay accepts office,

;

no proof of corruption,

;

opposition in Senate to his appointment,

;

approached by ministers of Mexico and Columbia,

;

negotiations,

,

;

negotiations with Czar of Russia and with Spanish-American colonies,

,

;

his "American System" anticipated by Jackson,

;

resolution on tariff,

;

speech on the "American System,"

;

bill reported and tabled,

;

his ideas used,

;

nominated for presidency in 1831,

;

advice to Bank party,

;

proposes compromise tariff,

;

his purposes,

,

;

attitude of Calhoun,

;

his bill amended and passed by both Houses,

,

;

signed by President,

;

motive in course on nullification,

;

opinion of Jacksonian principles,

;

criticises Calhoun's bill as to use of mails,

;

his followers called Whigs,

;

dropped by Whigs,

;

reports resolution on Texas,

;

nominated for presidency,

;

election an apparent certainty,

;

demands of abolitionists,

;

the

National Intelligencer

letter,

,

;

effect of the Alabama letter,

;

presidential election of 1844,

;

the Alabama letter,

;

plan as to California, New Mexico and Texas,

,

;

objections of Southerners,

,

;

agrees to Douglas's motion,

;

relations with Foote,

,

;

debate on Clay's resolutions,

,

;

their reference,

;

chairman of Committee of Thirteen,

;

Clay's report,

;

results of debates,

;

passage of bills separately,

,

;

attitude to fugitive slave law,

;

motion on Shadrach case,

;

motion on President's message,

;

death,

Clayton, John Middleton,

secures appointment of committee on Bank,

;

makes committee report against Bank,

;

motion as to Territorial government,

;

reports bill,

,

;

not voting on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

Clemens, Jeremiah, in debate on Foote's resolutions,

,

Clinton, DeWitt, qualifications as presidential candidate in 1824,

Coahuila-Texas,

a province and Commonwealth of Mexico,

;

local government,

;

resistance to Santa Anna,

;

Texans in control,

,

;

war begun by Mexicans,

;

declaration of independence,

.

See

Cobb, Thomas A., relation to Jackson,

,

Coleman, L. H., letter from Jackson,

Coleman, F. N., murders Dow,

Columbia, treaties with Chili, Mexico, Peru, and Central America,

Colorado River,

Columbia, South Carolina, convention of 1827,

,

Columbia River,

;

sources discovered,

,

,

,

,

,

Committee on Commerce of the House of Representatives,

Committee on District of Columbia of House of Representatives,

,

,

,

Committee on the District of Columbia of the Senate,

Committee on Finance of the Senate,

,

Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives,

Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate,

,

,

,

Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives,

,

,

Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Committee on Manufactures of the House of Representatives,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Committee on Manufactures of the Senate,

Committee on Territories of the House of Representatives,

,

,

,

Committee on Territories of the Senate,

,

,

,

Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Compromise Measures of 1850,

in Fillmore's message,

,

;

in Fillmore's message of December 2, 1851,

;

memorials on finality,

;

Democratic platform of 1852,

;

Whig platform of 1852,

;

unity of Whig party imperilled,

,

;

effect of election of 1852,

;

situation in December, 1852,

;

the Howe-Giddings colloquy,

,

;

interpretation of the compromise,

;

the Douglas report on Nebraska,

;

dictum of the committee,

;

claim of Dixon,

;

as to Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

dictum of Douglas,

;

the amendment of Chase,

;

the amendment of Douglas,

;

views of Everett,

,

(

see

, Territory of, and

, Territory of);

effect of acquiescence,

Concord, New Hampshire,

Confederation of Spanish-American States,

plan initiated,

;

proposed congress and relations of United States,

et seq.

Congress of the Confederation,

lack of power over slavery,

;

passed Ordinance of 1787,

;

power in the case,

Congress, Continental, forbids importation of slaves,

Congress of the United States,

Acts of the Fourteenth,

,

;

Congress of 1801 and 1815,

;

power over Bank,

,

;

early action on tariff,

;

meeting in December, 1815,

;

vote as to tariff,

;

acts of the Fourteenth,

;

discussion of its powers by Calhoun,

,

;

powers discussed by Monroe,

;

pay of members,

;

passage of internal improvements bill,

;

acts as to Florida,

,

;

acts of 1811 as to Florida,

;

limitation as to slavery,

;

abolition of slave trade,

;

division of Louisiana territory,

,

;

power over Territories,

;

power to erect Commonwealths,

;

attitude to slavery,

;

debate on powers of Congress,

et seq.;

annals of,

;

powers discussed by Taylor,

,

, and by Holmes,

,

, and by McLane,

,

;

Pinckney's argument on powers of,

;

conference committee on Missouri,

,

;

interpretation of Act of Congress,

;

significance of the Compromise,

;

powers considered by Lowndes,

;

Sergeant on power of creating Commonwealths,

,

;

course of Congress considered,

,

;

oath of members,

;

second conference committee on Missouri,

;

significance of the compromise,

;

doctrine of its control of commerce,

;

conference committee on tariff,

,

;

early practice as to internal improvements,

,

;

vote on internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

Monroe on the powers of,

,

;

power over expenditures,

;

act of April 30, 1824,

;

inaction upon "Monroe Doctrine,"

;

Calhoun a member of,

;

joint session for count of electoral votes,

,

;

as to power over roads,

;

Act of April 30, 1824,

,

;

memorials to,

;

attitude of South Carolina to,

et seq.;

passes Maysville Road bill,

;

appropriations for internal improvements,

;

as to powers of,

;

attitude to tariff,

;

Calhoun's attitude to,

;

control of courts by,

;

President's message before,

;

conference committee on tariff,

;

attitude to the planters,

;

decision on Bank Act of,

;

relation to President as to legislation,

,

;

as a nominating body,

;

failure to override Jackson's veto,

;

inaction as to Indian problem,

;

Jackson's message to,

;

ten years' struggle of South in,

;

its acts nullified,

;

Jackson's messages on South Carolina,

,

;

abolition petitions to,

,

;

abolition petitions before,

;

recommendations of Jackson,

,

;

argument as to power over mails,

et seq.;

conflict with President over Bank,

et seq.;

passage of Independent Treasury bill,

,

;

erection of new Commonwealths,

;

President's message on Texas,

;

action of Congress,

;

effect of its action,

;

address of certain Whig members,

;

message of Tyler to,

;

affairs of Texas,

et seq.;

Tyler's message of December, 1844,

,

;

competency as to matters of treaty,

;

Polk's message on Oregon,

;

action as to Oregon,

,

;

power over Texan boundary,

;

Act as to Corpus Christi,

;

Polk's message on Mexican War,

;

action on war,

;

Polk's message to, August 8, 1846,

;

consent to acquisition of California and New Mexico,

;

Polk's message on Trist,

;

as to attitude to Missouri Compromise,

;

special message on Oregon,

;

discussion of powers of,

;

Cass on policy of,

;

special message of July 6, 1848, to,

,

;

as to power in Territories,

;

attitude to slavery,

;

Taylor's message of December 4, 1849,

,

;

action on new Territories,

et seq.;

Fillmore's message of August 6, 1850,

;

completion of compromise measure,

,

;

Fillmore's message of December, 1850,

;

petitions on fugitive slave law,

;

Fillmore's message of December 2, 1851,

;

Fillmore's message of December 6, 1852,

;

action on organization of Kansas and Nebraska,

et seq.;

Kansas election for delegate to,

,

;

Whitfield in,

;

as to powers in Kansas,

;

memorial from Kansas,

;

Kansas question before,

;

slavery question before,

;

laws of, in Kansas,

;

President's message of February 2, 1858,

Connecticut, Commonwealth of,

;

legislation on slavery,

;

in election of 1824,

;

resolution on independence of Texas,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Constitution of the Confederation,

;

relation to Ordinance of 1787,

,

Constitution of the United States of America, the,

as to Bank,

;

as cited by Calhoun,

;

as interpreted by Monroe,

;

relative to parties,

,

;

slavery in,

,

;

interpreted with reference to national character of slavery,

;

the control of slavery,

,

;

powers of Congress,

,

;

test of the Tallmadge amendment,

et seq.;

Taylor as to powers of Congress,

;

Holmes' speech,

,

;

McLane's argument,

,

limitations on new Commonwealths,

;

as to restriction on Commonwealths,

;

significance of the first Missouri Compromise,

;

as cited by Lowndes,

;

cited by Sergeant,

;

extent of its protection,

,

;

second Missouri compromise,

,

;

significance of the compromise,

,

;

as to fourteenth amendment,

;

Taylor's interpretation of,

;

Monroe's interpretation of,

,

;

development of the particularistic interpretation,

;

as construed by Adams, and Clay,

;

as to international status of slavery,

;

amendment proposed,

;

reaction as to interpretation of,

;

as interpreted by Buchanan,

;

amendment suggested by Jackson,

,

;

as interpreted by Taylor,

,

;

as interpreted by McDuffie,

,

;

as interpreted by Calhoun,

;

regard for processes of,

;

as interpreted by Calhoun,

;

as to origin of revenue bill,

;

political science of,

,

;

decision as to constitutionality of Bank Act,

;

as construed by Jackson,

;

Jackson on operation of,

,

;

effect of his Bank veto,

;

as cited by Jackson,

,

;

the Cherokee nation case,

;

case of Worcester

vs.

Georgia,

,

;

powers conferred on President by,

;

as interpreted in the Nullification Ordinance,

;

as construed by the nullifiers,

;

as interpreted in Jackson's proclamation,

;

as expounded by Calhoun,

;

as explained by Webster,

;

effect of events of 1832 and 1833 on,

;

as to control of civil status,

,

;

attitude of Garrison to,

;

guarantees as to right of petition,

,

;

in Calhoun's argument,

;

provision as to treaties,

;

nature of war according to,

;

as to treaty-making powers,

,

;

as to annexation of Texas,

;

as to procedure on treaties,

;

as interpreted by Rhett,

;

as to Oregon bill,

;

compromises of,

;

as to extension of its effect,

;

amendment suggested by Calhoun,

;

Webster on the,

;

effect of formation of,

;

as to fugitive slaves,

,

;

as interpreted by Fillmore,

;

as interpreted by Butler,

;

as cited by Fillmore,

;

in Douglas's report,

,

;

as viewed by Everett,

;

in Chase's amendment,

;

treason, as defined by,

;

the Dred Scott case,

et seq.

Continental Congress.

See

, Continental

Contreras, battle of,

Convention, Federal Constitutional, of 1787, attitude to slavery,

,

Convention.

See

Conway, M. F., letter to Governor Reeder,

Cooke, P. St. George,

ordered to attack Topeka,

;

refuses to obey,

Cooper, James,

on committee of Thirteen,

;

not voting on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Cooper, Thomas,

speech at Columbia,

;

his life and views,

;

his relation to slavery and to McDuffie,

Corpus Christi,

made port of delivery,

;

advance of Taylor,

Cos, Martin Perfectos de,

attacks Gonzales,

;

driven from Texas,

Cotton,

relation to slavery,

,

;

exportation reduced,

Crafts, Ellen, escape,

Crafts, William, escape,

Cramer, John, motion in House,

Crane, A. C., statement as to Dred Scott case,

449,

Crawford, William Harris,

relation to Jackson,

,

;

opinion of treaty with Spain,

;

effect of Seminole War,

;

qualifications as presidential candidate in 1824,

,

,

,

;

electoral vote of 1824,

;

relation to Adams' administration,

;

relation to Jackson and the Seminole War,

Creeks, the,

,

;

Council of 1824,

;

Indian Springs convention,

;

its repudiation,

;

resistance to Georgia,

;

protest to general government,

,

;

controversy as to Creek lands,

,

;

new agreement of 1826 as to lands,

;

agreement repudiated by Georgia,

"Crime against Kansas," the, delivered,

Cuba,

in the Spanish-American troubles,

;

the Ostend manifesto,

Cumberland Road,

built,

;

bill of 1822,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

attitude of East and West,

,

Curtis, Benjamin Robbins, opinion on Dred Scott case,

,

,

Curtis, George Ticknor,

attitude to fugitive slave law,

;

in Shadrach case,

;

connection with Sims case,

Cushing, Caleb, relation to Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Customs Act,

of 1789,

;

of 1812,

D

AGGETT

, D

AVID

, voting,

Dallas, Alexander James,

presents Bank memorial,

;

on Senate committee,

;

reports Bank bill,

Davis, Jefferson,

views as to slavery in Territories,

,

;

moves amendment to Oregon bill,

;

effect of his action,

;

attitude to Clay's proposal,

;

views on fugitive slave law,

;

contention as to fugitive slave law,

;

relation to Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

disapproves Col. Sumner's course,

;

attitude to Kansas affairs,

,

De Bree, John, owner of Shadrach,

Declaration of Independence, the,

,

,

,

,

,

Delaware, Commonwealth of,

;

legislation on slavery,

;

in election of 1828,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Democratic party,

appearance,

,

;

principles,

;

circumstances of its appearance,

;

party nomenclature,

,

;

demands of 1828,

;

the making of its creed,

;

divisions of the party and policies of each,

;

origin and influence,

,

;

radical development in Kentucky,

,

;

attack of western element upon privilege,

;

Jackson becomes leader,

,

;

opposes Gordon's proposal as to independent treasury,

;

supports Independent Treasury Bill of 1840,

;

relation to the questions of slavery and territorial extension,

,

;

nominates Polk for presidency,

;

the platform,

,

;

views of the union of Texas and Oregon in platform,

;

Thompson's opinion,

;

characterization the work of the Democrats,

;

platform of 1844,

;

attitude to Wilmot proviso,

;

platform of 1848 as to slavery in Territories,

,

;

the Clayton committee,

;

election of 1848,

,

;

convention of 1852,

;

election of 1852,

;

controversy on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

attitude of Pierce to New York factions,

;

vote in House on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

meaning of the vote,

,

;

as to leaders of Emigrant Aid Company,

;

effect of Kansas struggle,

;

relation to rise of Republican party,

;

Lane's effort at organization in Kansas,

;

relation of Kansas affairs to national party organization,

,

;

effect on party prospects of sacking of Lawrence,

;

as to effect of events in Kansas,

;

effect of Dred Scott decision,

;

plan as to Democracy in Kansas,

Denver, John W.,

appointed Acting-Governor of Kansas Territory,

;

his report to the President,

,

;

pockets bill for constitutional convention,

Deseret, Foote's bill,

Des Moines River, the, Falls of,

De Witt, Alexander, signs

National Era

address,

Dickerson, Mahlon, reports tariff bill in Senate,

Dickinson, Daniel Stevens, on Committee of Thirteen,

Dickson, John,

presents abolition petitions,

;

controversy with Chinn,

District of Columbia,

adoption of Maryland laws,

;

exclusive government vested in central Government,

,

;

petitions for abolition of slavery in,

,

;

report on slavery in District,

;

disposal of Quaker petitions,

;

more petitions in House,

;

contest begins,

;

petitions presented by Dickson and Fairfield,

;

the Dickson-Chinn controversy,

;

Slade's motion,

;

Granger's intimation,

;

the demand of Wise,

,

(

see

, Right of);

Pinckney resolutions quoted,

;

re-enacted,

;

Vermont petition,

,

;

effort of Calhoun as to slavery in the District,

;

recurrence of the slavery question,

;

Clay's plan,

;

attitude of Southerners,

;

attitude of abolitionists,

;

Clay's report,

;

bill passed,

.

See

[Washington, D. C.]

Dixon, Archibald,

proposes amendment to Nebraska bill,

;

Blair's letter on Dixon,

,

;

attitude of Douglas,

Dodge, Augustus Cæsar, introduces bill on Nebraska,

Donaldson, J. B.,

proclamation as to resistance to service of writs,

;

dealings with citizens of Lawrence,

,

;

appears with force before Lawrence,

;

dismisses posse,

;

the sacking of Lawrence,

Doniphan, Alexander William, captures Chihuahua,

Douglas, Stephen Arnold,

attitude to Wilmot proviso,

;

presents bill on Oregon in House,

,

;

presents bill in Senate on Oregon,

;

moves amendment,

;

changes vote,

;

reports bill,

;

Berrien's adverse report,

,

;

new bill on Territories,

;

motion as to California,

;

attitude to fugitive slave law,

;

candidate for presidential nomination,

;

early plans for organization of territory west of the Mississippi,

;

presents bill and report on Nebraska,

,

;

consideration of report and its author,

;

attitude to Dixon,

;

presents new bill on Nebraska and Kansas,

;

National Era

address,

,

;

Douglas's reply,

;

charged with conspiracy,

;

his principle as to slavery in Territories,

;

amendment to bill,

;

vote on his amendment,

;

debate on further amendments,

;

proposes amendment,

,

;

final argument on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

substance of bill reported in House bill,

;

Douglas's bill in House,

,

;

effect of Dred Scott decision on Douglas Democrats,

;

opposition to Buchanan,

,

Douglas county, Kansas,

Sheriff Jones of,

;

charge of Chief Justice Lecompte,

;

indictment by Grand Jury,

Dow, C. M., murdered by Coleman,

Downs, Solomon W., on Committee of Thirteen,

Drayton, William, relation to nullification,

Dred Scott

vs.

Sandford [19 Howard, 293],

,

et seq.

Duane, William John, removed from head of Treasury Department,

Dutch Traders, at Jamestown,

Dutch Henry's Crossing, massacre at,

;

the massacre characterized,

;

and denounced by settlers,

;

effect of massacre,

;

the work characterized,

,

E

AST

F

LORIDA

,

Eaton, John Henry, as to Bank trouble,

Easton, Kansas, election trouble at,

Election, presidential,

of 1820,

;

of 1824,

;

in House of Representatives,

;

of 1828,

,

;

of 1832,

,

et seq.;

of 1836,

;

of 1840,

;

of 1844,

;

of 1848,

;

of 1852,

;

of 1856, relation to election of Whitfield in Kansas,

;

indications as to election of 1856,

;

of 1856, as related to affairs in Kansas,

,

Electoral Colleges,

Ellis, Powhatan, ordered to make final demand on Mexican Government,

El Paso,

Emancipation, early schemes for,

,

Embargo, of 1807,

Emerson, Dr.,

owner of Dred Scott,

;

his will,

Emerson, Irene,

owner of Dred Scott,

;

sells him to Sandford,

Emigrant Aid Company,

misrepresentations as to,

;

conference with Robinson,

;

excitement occasioned in Missouri,

;

claims as to its purpose,

;

indictment against hotel in Lawrence,

England,

,

,

English, William Hayden, bill on Kansas,

,

Erie Canal,

Eustis, William, efforts for admission of Missouri,

Everett, Edward,

reply to McDuffie,

;

speech on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

not voting on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Ewing, Thomas, on Bank Committee of Senate,

F

AIRFIELD

, J

OHN

, presents abolition petition,

Federal Party,

,

;

extinction,

;

its errors,

;

effects of War of 1812,

;

principles on which it lost power,

Field, Roswell M., connection with Dred Scott case,

,

Fillmore, Millard,

becomes President,

;

message on Texas,

;

message of December, 1850,

,

;

opposition of Giddings,

;

message on Shadrach case,

,

;

report on President's powers,

;

message of December 2, 1851,

;

contest in Whig Convention of 1852,

;

message of December 6, 1852,

,

Fitchburg, Massachusetts, home of Charles Robinson,

Flint River,

Florida,

its acquisition,

;

treaty of Florida Seminoles,

;

constitution formed,

;

admitted as Commonwealth,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Floyd, John, message on Southampton massacre,

Foote, Henry Stuart,

bill for Territories,

;

criticises Clay,

,

;

motion on Bell's resolutions,

;

accepts amendment,

;

draws pistol on Benton,

;

introduces finality resolutions,

;

passed by House and rejected by Senate,

"Force Bill," the.

See

[Wilkins, William]

Foreign affairs,

relation to party development,

;

the Holy Alliance,

;

the "Monroe Doctrine,"

;

significance of the diplomatic questions,

;

success of Van Buren,

.

See

[Committee on Foreign Relations]

Forsyth, John,

letter as to intrigue against Jackson,

;

letter from Morfit,

,

Fort Brown, attempt at relief,

Fort Jackson, treaty of,

,

Fort Leavenworth,

Robinson at,

;

arrival of Governor Reeder,

;

Governor authorized to call troops from,

;

Sumner returns to,

Fort Monroe, transfer of artillery,

Fort Moultrie, transfer of artillery,

Fort Riley, Branscomb at,

Fort Scott,

Fort Titus, Kansas conflict at,

Fowltown, destroyed,

,

France,

,

,

,

;

abolition of slavery,

;

gets Louisiana territory,

,

;

in Holy Alliance,

;

relation to Congress of Verona,

;

boundary dispute with Spain,

;

recognizes Texan independence,

;

cedes Louisiana to United States,

,

,

.

See

Francis, Indian priest,

Franklin, Kansas,

Jones goes to,

;

Lane and Robinson accompany Shannon to,

,

;

as to treaty of August 17,

Free-Soil party,

Buffalo convention of 1848,

;

nomination and platform,

,

;

nomination of Hale,

;

the

National Era

address,

;

its effect,

;

vote in House on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

meaning of the vote,

,

;

appearance of Eli Thayer,

,

;

as to leaders of Emigrant Aid Company,

;

effect of Kansas struggle,

;

relation of Free-soil party to rise of Republican party,

;

effect of Dred Scott decision,

Frémont, John Charles, effect of events in Kansas on his candidacy in 1856,

French Republic, the,

Fugitive slave law,

passed by Congress,

;

law of 1850,

,

(

see also

);

law of 1850 makes slavery a national matter,

;

its further effect,

,

;

views of Calhoun, Davis, and Rhett,

;

the Hamlet case,

;

efforts at repeal of law,

,

;

the Crafts case,

;

the "Underground" established,

;

attitude of the lawyers,

;

Fillmore's message of December, 1850,

,

;

Fillmore's message,

;

motion of Giddings,

;

petitions for repeal,

,

;

the Shadrach case,

;

Fillmore's message,

,

;

debate on Clay's motion,

;

report on powers of President,

,

;

the Sims case,

,

;

Boston meetings,

;

leaders of opinion,

;

the "Jerry rescue,"

,

;

Fillmore's message of December 2, 1851,

;

debate on Foote's finality resolutions,

,

;

the result,

;

petitions for repeal,

;

Whig convention of 1852,

;

attack by Sumner,

;

effect of election of 1852,

;

various policies as to slavery,

Fuller, Timothy, in Missouri bill debate,

"Fundamentals," Massachusetts,

Furness, William Henry, opposes fugitive slave law,

G

AINES

, E

DMUND

P

ENDLETON

,

in Florida,

,

,

;

ordered to Georgia,

;

authorized to advance into Texas,

Garland, James, reply to Slade,

Garrison, William Lloyd,

beginning of abolition,

;

estimate,

;

the constitutional situation,

;

attack on the Constitution,

;

publishes the

Liberator,

;

compared with moderates,

;

opposition to fugitive slave law,

Geary, John White,

appointed governor of Kansas with authority over troops,

;

at Lecompton and Lawrence,

;

enforces withdrawal of Missourians,

,

;

his resignation,

Geography, relation to political development,

Georgetown, South Carolina, instructions to collector,

Georgia, Commonwealth of,

,

,

,

,

;

slavery prohibited,

;

conditional cession of western lands,

,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

stock held in United States Bank,

;

nullification in Georgia,

;

conditional cession of lands of 1802,

;

the attempt to erect an Indian State,

;

problem of land titles in Georgia,

,

;

legislature memorializes for quieting of Indian claims,

;

the Indian Springs convention,

;

its repudiation,

;

the attempt to survey the lands,

;

Barbour's letter to Troup,

,

;

quieting of Indian titles by agreement of 1826,

;

Georgia repudiates the agreement,

;

defiance of central Government,

,

;

President refers matter to Congress,

;

Congress fails to act,

;

legislature extends criminal jurisdiction over Cherokees,

;

Jackson's opinion of Georgia's position,

;

obstinacy of the Cherokees,

;

the question in Jackson's message of 1829,

,

;

opinions of Indian titles,

;

the solution in Georgia,

,

;

legislature incorporates Cherokee lands in the Commonwealth,

;

the Cherokee Nation case,

;

the case of Worcester against Georgia,

,

;

failure to execute decision,

,

;

convention in,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

Jackson's Georgians in Kansas,

Ghent, treaty of,

,

Giddings, Joshua Reed,

denounces Fillmore and Webster,

;

colloquy with Howe,

,

Glascock, Thomas, attitude on procedure as to petitions,

Goliad, atrocities,

Gonzales, attacked,

Gordon, William F.,

proposal as to independent treasury,

;

relation of parties to its rejection,

Gorham, Benjamin,

attitude to tariff bill of 1823,

;

reply to McDuffie,

Gorostiza, Manuel Eduardo de, leaves Washington,

Granger, Francis, claim as to District of Columbia,

Grasshopper Falls, Kansas, convention at,

Great Britain,

treaty of 1763,

,

;

treaty of 1783,

;

war of United States with,

;

treaty of 1814,

;

Nicholls's proposition to,

;

Indian allies of,

;

relations with United States as to slaves,

,

;

claims in North Pacific,

;

relation to Holy Alliance,

,

;

proposal as to Holy Alliance,

;

Canning's declaration,

;

diplomatic relations,

;

Ashburton Treaty,

;

recognizes Texan independence,

;

as mediator between Mexico and Texas,

;

the London letter of British plans,

;

claims to Oregon,

;

Nootka Convention,

,

;

effect of war with Spain,

;

Treaty of Utrecht,

;

claim of United States,

,

;

treaty of 1818 with United States,

;

effect of treaty of 1819 between United States and Spain,

;

agreement of 1828 with United States,

;

in Ashburton-Webster negotiations,

;

ignorance as to Oregon,

,

;

the work of Whitman,

,

;

Democratic platform of 1844,

;

negotiations as to Oregon,

;

statement of negotiations in Polk's first message,

;

his recommendations,

;

action of Congress, April, 1846,

,

;

treaty of June, 1846,

;

possibility of holding California,

;

result of treaty with,

;

United States minister to,

Great lakes,

Greeley, Horace, views on election of 1844,

Grimke, Thomas Smith, relation to nullification,

Grinnell, Moses H., member of Emigrant Aid Society,

Guadalupe Hidalgo, treaty of,

terms,

;

ratified by Senate,

H

ALE

, E

DWARD

E

VERETT

, member of Emigrant Aid Society,

Hale, John Parker,

moves amendment to Oregon Bill,

;

effect of his action,

;

contention as to fugitive slave law,

;

presents petitions for repeal of fugitive slave law,

;

nominated for presidency,

;

popular vote compared with Van Buren's in 1848,

Hamilton, James,

the Calhoun letter,

;

calls special meeting of legislature,

;

chairman of nullification convention,

;

sends ordinance of nullification to legislature,

Hamlet, James, arrest,

Hamlin, Hannibal, presents petition in Senate,

Hammond, James Hamilton,

motion not to receive abolition petitions,

;

wrangle over his two motions,

Harrisburg, Penn., convention of 1824,

Harrison, William Henry,

voting,

;

nominated for presidency,

;

succeeded, on his death, by Tyler,

Harvey, James Madison, commands column of "Free-state" force,

Hayne, Robert Young,

theory on tariff,

;

view of slave labor,

;

view repeated by McDuffie,

;

Calhoun and the Webster debate,

;

criticism of Clay's resolution on tariff, 187, and amendment of it,

;

on Bank committee of Senate,

;

his inaugural as governor of South Carolina,

Hayti,

its affairs mentioned by Salazar,

;

consideration of its example in the United States,

;

isolated,

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, cited on human purpose,

,

Heister, William, presents abolition petition,

Herrera, José Joaquin de,

refuses to receive Slidell,

;

gives way to Paredes,

Hill, Isaac, in Bank trouble,

Hillards, the, in Crafts case,

Hillis Hajo,

Himallemico,

Holmes, John,

voting,

;

presents Maine petition for admission,

;

reports bill,

;

speech on Missouri,

,

;

on conference committee,

Holy Alliance,

formation,

;

relation to England,

;

Congress of Verona,

;

Canning's declaration to Polignac,

;

the "Monroe Doctrine,"

;

relation to Spain's colonies,

,

Holst, Hermann Edouard von,

opinions reviewed,

;

opinion of Jackson's veto message considered,

,

Holyoke, Massachusetts, residence of Branscomb,

Home Government [of England], as to baptism of slaves,

Hopkinson, Joseph, committee service,

House of Representatives, of the United States,

action on Madison's message,

;

Clay, Speaker of,

;

passage of Bank bill,

,

;

reference of tariff matters,

;

debate on tariff,

;

passage of tariff bill,

;

debate on internal improvements,

,

;

pay of members,

;

passage of internal improvements bill,

;

second passage of internal improvements bill,

;

vote on censure of Jackson,

,

;

representation in,

;

petitions from Missouri,

;

debate on the Tallmadge amendment,

et seq.;

passage of Tallmadge amendment and Missouri bill,

;

disagreement with Senate,

;

petition from Maine referred,

;

Maine bill passed by House,

;

Missouri bill and Taylor's amendment,

;

Holmes's speech,

,

;

McLane's speech,

,

;

Pinkney's speech on powers of Congress,

;

disagreement with Senate,

;

conference committee,

;

significance of the compromise,

;

Missouri constitution considered,

,

;

report of Lowndes,

;

speech of Sergeant,

,

;

consideration of the question,

,

;

defeat of the Lowndes bill,

;

tables Senate bill,

;

Clay's proposals,

;

report of committee of thirteen,

,

;

defeat of the bill and amendment,

;

second conference committee,

,

;

plan to limit membership,

;

reference of Monroe's recommendations,

;

tariff bill of 1823,

,

;

tariff bill of 1824,

;

Clay's argument,

,

;

replies to Clay,

,

;

conclusion in conference committee,

,

;

early votes on internal improvements,

;

vote on internal improvements bill of 1822,

,

,

,

;

Monroe's letter on internal improvements,

,

;

vote on vetoed bill,

;

Clay, Speaker of,

;

election of President in,

;

memorials on tariff,

;

tariff bill passed,

;

tariff bill reported,

;

vote on tariff bill,

;

vote on vetoed Maysville road bill,

;

question as to reference of President's message,

;

tariff bill before House,

,

;

McDuffie's argument,

,

,

;

reference of President's message,

,

;

tariff bill before,

,

;

tariff bill passed,

;

refusal to concur with Senate,

;

conference committee,

;

report on the Bank,

;

relation of members of constituencies,

;

reports on Bank,

;

bill for re-charter passed,

;

Jackson on duty of members,

;

early control of presidential elections,

;

action on President's message,

,

;

bill reported on President's powers,

;

claim as to origin of tariff bills,

;

passage of tariff bill and "Force Bill,"

;

abolition petitions in,

;

report on petitions,

;

more petitions referred,

;

action on Dickson's motion,

;

conflict over right of petition,

et seq.;

adoption of the Pinckney resolutions,

;

further work of Adams and Slade,

;

rule of January 8, 1840,

;

Gordon's amendment in,

;

resolutions as to recognition of Texan independence,

;

contingent action as to Texan independence,

,

;

effect of action,

;

Wise's speech in,

;

Tyler's message on Texan treaty,

;

action on annexation of Texas,

,

;

action on admission of Texas,

;

concurrence with Senate's action on Texas,

;

McKay's bill,

;

the Wilmot proviso,

,

;

Oregon bill in,

;

action on Oregon bills,

;

rejects Clayton bill,

;

final agreement with Senate,

;

action on erection of California and New Mexico,

et seq.;

completion of compromise measures,

,

;

action on President's message,

;

passage of finality resolutions,

;

action on organization of Kansas and Nebraska,

et seq.;

contest for seat in,

;

appointment of committee of investigation for Kansas affairs,

;

memorials from Kansas,

;

bill for admission of Kansas,

,

;

action on Kansas,

.

See

[Congress of the United States]

Houston, Samuel,

leader of Texans,

;

Benton's description,

,

;

his early record,

;

San Jacinto and the presidency of Texas,

;

sends special envoy to Washington,

;

promise of Murphy disavowed,

;

changes vote,

;

speech on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

vote on Douglas's amendment,

;

speech on the bill,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Houston, S. D., withdraws from Kansas Territorial legislature,

Howard, William A., on committee for Kansas investigation,

Howe, John W., discussion with Giddings,

,

Hudson Bay Company,

agents in Oregon,

;

relation to policy of Great Britain,

;

representations as to Oregon,

,

Hunt, Memucan, proposes Texan annexation to Van Buren,

Hutchinson, William, in "Free-state" directory of Kansas,

I

BERVILLE

R

IVER

, the,

,

Illinois, Commonwealth of,

slavery forbidden,

,

;

condition on erection,

,

,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

as to Dred Scott case,

Independent treasury,

Van Buren's message of September 4, 1837,

,

;

Gordon's proposal,

;

attitude of the parties,

;

Act of July 4, 1840,

;

party contest over the bill,

,

Indian Springs, Convention at,

Indiana, Commonwealth of,

slavery forbidden,

,

;

condition on erection,

,

,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Indiana, Territory of,

relation to slavery,

;

jurisdiction over part of Louisiana Territory,

Ingersoll, Joseph R.,

claim as to District of Columbia,

;

reports joint resolution on Texas,

Ingham, Samuel D.,

in debate,

;

position upon tariff bill of 1827,

;

as to Bank trouble,

Internal improvements,

bill presented,

;

Calhoun's speech,

,

;

bill passed,

;

President's veto,

;

Madison's earlier recommendations,

;

failure to overcome veto,

;

development in theory,

;

the Act of 1806,

;

Calhoun's bill of 1817 vetoed by Madison,

,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

Cumberland road bill of 1822,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

Taylor's position,

;

attitude of East and West,

,

;

Monroe's veto, 120, and message,

,

;

vote on vetoed bill,

;

Act of April, 1824,

;

relation to foreign affairs,

;

significance of the questions,

;

Adams's first message,

;

Van Buren's opposition,

;

relation to political divisions,

;

practical difficulties,

,

;

Jackson's views in 1829,

;

passage of Maysville road bill,

;

the veto,

,

;

vote on vetoed bill,

;

analysis of vote,

;

significance of veto,

;

appropriations approved by Adams and Jackson,

;

relation to private enterprise,

,

;

relation to slavery,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1830,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1831,

Iowa, Commonwealth of,

admitted,

;

memorial of legislature on finality resolutions,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

J

ACKSON

, A

NDREW

,

in Florida,

,

,

,

,

,

,

;

attempt at censure,

,

,

;

vindicated,

;

Territorial governor of Florida,

;

effect of Seminole War,

;

qualifications as presidential candidate in 1824,

,

,

,

;

electoral vote of 1824,

,

;

the Coleman letter,

;

opposition to Adams threatened,

,

, and begun,

,

;

elected President,

,

;

makes Van Buren secretary of state,

;

vigorous foreign policy,

;

first annual message,

,

;

vetoes Maysville road bill,

,

;

significance of the veto,

;

appropriations approved by Adams and Jackson,

;

message of December, 1829, as to tariff,

,

;

its reference,

;

message of December, 1830,

;

message of December, 1831,

;

message of December, 1829,

;

later interpretations of his attack on Bank,

,

;

relation to "relief party" in Kentucky,

;

leader of Democratic party,

,

;

attitude to Bank,

,

;

his views opposed by committees,

;

message of December, 1830,

,

;

his message of December, 1831,

;

puts the Bank question before the people,

;

relation of Bank question to question of Jackson's election,

;

effect of his veto of Bank bill,

;

analysis of his message,

;

opinion of von Holst on the veto message considered,

,

;

the message interpreted,

;

relation of Congress to his election as President,

;

the people accept the principles of Jacksonian democracy,

;

opinion of Georgia's claims,

;

reply to Cherokees,

;

message of December, 1829,

,

;

different opinions of Indian titles,

;

failure to execute decision of Supreme Court,

,

;

view on South Carolina's opinion of tariff,

;

supposition as to Cabinet intrigue of 1819,

;

the Forsyth letter,

;

hostility of Jackson and Calhoun,

,

;

message of December, 1832,

;

proclamation of December 10, 1832,

;

active military preparations,

,

;

instructions to collectors,

;

instructions to Scott,

,

;

popular approval of Jackson's course,

;

attitude of Congress,

;

Hayne's proclamation,

;

Jackson's message of January, 1833,

;

Bell's report on President's powers,

;

signs Compromise Tariff, and "Force Bill,"

;

motive in course on nullification,

;

significance of his doctrines,

,

;

as to responsibility for Jacksonian principles,

;

message of 1835 as to use of mails,

,

;

decides to destroy the Bank,

;

power of removal,

;

removal of McLane and Duane,

;

the work of Taney,

;

consideration of the proper exercise of power,

;

censured by Senate,

;

Benton begins effort at removal of censure,

;

his contest successful,

;

tendency of government to his day,

;

his successor,

;

sends Morfit to Texas,

;

message of December 21, 1836, on Texas,

;

special message as to reprisals,

;

authorizes Gaines to advance into Texas,

;

orders Ellis to make demands on Mexico,

;

satisfaction not given,

;

special message of February 6, 1837,

;

request for unusual powers not granted by Congress,

;

recognizes Texas and her agent,

;

ends diplomatic relations with Mexico,

Jackson, William, presents abolition petition,

Jackson, Zadock, repudiates sacking of Lawrence,

Jalapa, captured by Scott,

Jamestown, slaves introduced at,

Janus, gates open,

Jefferson, Thomas,

,

;

relation to French philosophy,

;

share of Congress in his election as President,

;

principles restated by Calhoun,

;

tendency of government from his day,

;

sends out Lewis and Clark,

;

view as to extent of Louisiana,

Johnson, Robert Ward, position on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Johnson, William, relation to nullification,

Johnson County, Kansas, contested election,

Johnston, Josiah S., on bank committee of Senate,

Jones, George Wallace, position on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Jones, John W., reply to Adams on right of petition,

Jones, Samuel J.,

as sheriff, arrests Branson,

;

rescue of Branson,

;

goes to Franklin and calls help from Missouri,

,

;

his error recognized,

;

serves writ on Wood,

;

tries to arrest Tappan,

;

attempt to assassinate,

;

Donaldson's reference to the shooting,

;

the sacking of Lawrence,

K

ANSAS

C

ITY

, M

O

.,

;

Branscomb and Robinson at,

,

Kansas, Territory of,

bill for organization of,

;

the abolition protest,

,

;

reply of Douglas,

;

amendment of Chase,

,

;

position of Wade,

;

amendment of Douglas,

;

views of Everett,

,

;

speech of Houston,

;

position of Bell and the committee,

;

vote on the amendment,

;

Chase's amendment,

,

;

Pratt's amendment,

;

Walker's declaration and Badger's amendment,

;

Chase's third amendment,

,

;

Douglas's amendment,

,

;

Chase's fourth amendment,

;

speech of Bell against bill,

,

;

speech of Houston,

;

final argument of Douglas,

,

;

vote on bill in Senate,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

rise of popular opposition,

,

;

the Richardson bill,

;

the Senate bill in the House,

;

position of Cushing, Davis, and Pierce,

;

action in House,

;

management of bill by Stephens,

;

bill signed by President,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

meaning of the vote,

,

;

relation of Act to slavery,

,

;

the struggle for Kansas,

et seq.;

the plan of Thayer and his associates,

;

organization of the society,

,

;

opposition,

;

incorporation of the society,

,

;

misrepresentations as to Emigrant Aid Company,

;

considered as of the South,

;

influence of Atchison,

,

;

expedition of Robinson and Branscomb,

,

;

"Platte County Self-defensive Association,"

,

;

the founding of Lawrence,

;

trouble over contesting claimants,

,

;

arrival of Governor Reeder,

;

election of Whitfield,

;

effect on Republican party of interference of Missourians in Kansas,

;

significance of the seating of Whitfield,

;

census of Kansas,

;

interference of Missourians in election of first Territorial legislature,

,

;

action on contested election cases,

;

supplementary elections,

;

first Territorial legislature,

;

Robinson's plan for anti-slavery party,

,

;

legislature meets at Pawnee,

;

pro-slavery members seated,

,

;

trouble over adjournment to Shawnee Mission,

;

arrival of Sharpe's rifles,

;

Lane's faction checked by Robinson's Lawrence speech,

,

;

Robinson's declaration as to slavery,

;

Conway's letter to Reeder,

;

beginning of the "Free-state" movement,

;

legislation upon slavery,

;

its effect on the North,

,

;

the Lawrence and Topeka conventions,

;

the adoption of the Topeka constitution,

;

removal of Governor Reeder,

;

Woodson Acting-Governor,

;

election of Reeder as Congressional delegate,

;

election of Robinson as Governor,

;

conflicts between "Free-state" and Territorial Governments,

;

petition for admission and election of Senators by "Free-state" party,

,

;

characterization of "Free-state" acts,

;

Robinson's message to legislature,

;

arrival of Governor Shannon,

;

the Leavenworth convention,

;

conflict between the two governments,

;

the Branson rescue,

,

;

invasion of Missourians,

;

Lawrence committee meet Governor Shannon,

;

Shannon goes to Lawrence,

;

agreement of Shannon with citizens of Lawrence,

;

Lane, Robinson, and Shannon at Franklin,

;

Atchison and the withdrawal of the Missourians,

,

;

appearance of John Brown,

;

Shannon's report to President,

;

appeal of leaders at Lawrence,

;

the President's proclamation,

;

attitude of "Free-state" party to proclamation,

;

difficulty of the situation,

,

;

organization under Topeka constitution,

;

contest for seat in House of Representatives,

,

;

House appoints committee of investigation,

;

application for admission under Topeka constitution,

;

work of Jones and attempt to assassinate him,

,

;

the assault repudiated by the "Free-state" party,

;

letters of Robinson and Sumner,

;

Lecompte's charge to grand jury,

;

the "treason indictments,"

;

Donaldson's proclamation,

,

;

dealings of citizens of Lawrence with Shannon and Donaldson,

,

;

the sacking of Lawrence,

;

repudiation by Atchison and others,

;

the "Crime against Kansas,"

;

the attack on Sumner,

,

;

the Pottawattomie massacres,

;

attitude of the Congressional committee,

;

characterization of the massacre,

;

denunciation by settlers,

;

Brown and Pate at Black Jack,

;

Shannon's proclamation and the work of the troops,

;

effect of massacre on "Free-state" cause,

,

;

committee report and bill in House,

,

;

dispersal of legislature at Topeka,

;

Smith succeeds Sumner,

;

the Lawrence convention and the directory,

;

"Free-state" military force organized and in conflict,

;

capture of Titus,

;

treaty of August 17, at Lawrence,

;

resignation of Shannon,

;

Woodson again Acting-Governor,

;

proclamation of August 25,

;

Missourians under Atchison in camp on Bull Creek,

;

destruction of Ossawattomie,

;

Smith's orders as to invaders,

;

Lane leads in skirmish at Bull Creek,

;

Woodson's order and Cooke's refusal to attack Topeka,

;

failure of plan to attack Lecompton,

,

;

active steps by President,

;

actions of Geary,

;

retirement of the Missourians,

,

;

resignation of Geary,

;

effect of events on presidential election,

;

Buchanan's inaugural address,

,

;

plan for convention at Lecompton,

;

Walker and Stanton in charge,

;

negotiations of Stanton with "Free-state" men,

,

;

address by Walker,

;

the party situation,

;

the "Free-state" legislature,

;

the "Free-state" mass-meeting,

;

chances of the Topeka constitution,

;

Robinson's plan to capture Territorial government,

;

Wilson's advice,

;

the Topeka mass-meeting,

;

the Grasshopper Falls convention,

;

census completed,

;

Lecompton convention assembles,

;

the election of October 5,

;

contests in McGee and Johnson counties,

;

Lane's conspiracy and its failure,

,

;

mass-meeting and convention at Lecompton,

,

;

the Lecompton constitution,

;

"Free-state" demands on Stanton,

,

;

constitution to be submitted in full,

;

Stanton removed,

;

Denver appointed Acting-Governor,

;

Lecompton Constitution accepted in election of December 21,

;

Lecompton Constitution rejected in election of January 4, 1858,

;

"Free-state" men in control of three Governments in Kansas,

;

Denver's report to the President,

,

;

President submits Lecompton constitution to Congress,

;

attitude of Douglas,

,

;

Lecompton bill passed by Senate and rejected by House,

;

the House proposal rejected,

;

the English bill,

,

;

the proposals rejected in Kansas,

;

a fourth government erected,

;

close of the struggle,

;

characterization of the leaders,

,

;

attitude of the general government, of Davis, and of Sumner,

,

;

Act of 1854 the beginning of error, Missourians the beginners of wrong,

;

characterization of John Brown's work,

,

;

relation of events in Kansas to Civil War,

,

.

See

[Nebraska, Territory of]

Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

(

see

[Kansas, Territory of]

; and

[Nebraska, Territory of]

);

effect of the Dred Scott dictum,

Kansas river,

,

Kearny, Philip,

ordered to occupy New Mexico,

;

orders to Doniphan,

;

occupies California,

Kelly, ——, Editor of

Squatter Sovereign,

Kendall, Amos, instructions to New York postmaster,

,

Kentucky,

created Commonwealth with slavery,

,

,

;

attitude to tariff of 1824,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

legislature nominates Clay for presidency,

;

attitude toward tariff bill of 1827,

;

relation to tariff of 1832,

;

relief measures for debtors,

,

;

electoral vote in 1844,

;

views as to slave policy,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Kickapoo Rangers,

organized,

;

capture Captain Brown,

King, Rufus, voting,

King, William Rufus,

states his creed on State sovereignty,

,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

Kinsey, Charles, on conference committee,

Know Nothing party,

Kremer, George, charge against Adams and Clay,

L

ACOCK

, A

BNER

, voting,

Lake of the Woods,

,

Lane, James S.,

effort to organize Democratic party in Kansas,

;

elected Senator by "Free-state" party,

;

negotiations with Shannon,

;

at Franklin,

;

indictment against,

;

as to service of indictment,

;

in command of "Free-state" force,

;

failure to arrive at Lecompton for attack,

,

;

result of his prevarications,

;

conspiracy against Lecompton convention,

;

thwarted,

,

Lawrence, Amos Adams,

member of Emigrant Aid Society,

;

his work,

;

conference with Robinson,

;

town named in honor of,

Lawrence, Kansas,

site occupied,

;

town founded,

;

quarrels as to claims,

,

;

Robinson's speech of July 4, 1855,

;

convention at,

;

the Branson rescue,

;

Missourians approach,

;

committee sent to Shannon,

;

Shannon goes to,

;

agreement of citizens with Governor Shannon,

;

appearance of John Brown,

;

appeal of citizens to President,

;

Jones serves writ on Wood,

;

trouble with Tappan,

;

attempt to assassinate Jones,

;

communications of Robinson and Sumner as to assault on Jones,

;

indictment against hotel and newspapers in,

;

Donaldson's proclamation,

,

;

dealings of citizens with Shannon and Donaldson,

,

;

Donaldson's force approaches the town,

;

sacking of the town,

;

repudiation of the deed,

;

effect of the sacking and of assault on Sumner,

;

effect of sacking modified by Pottawattomie massacre,

;

"Free-state" convention at,

;

treaty of August 17,

;

Geary at,

;

Stanton at,

;

Wilson meets Robinson at,

;

"Free-state" forces ordered to meet at,

Leavenworth, Kansas,

"Free-state" company organized at,

;

convention at,

Lecompte, S. D., charge to grand jury of Douglas County,

Lecompton, Kansas,

the Branson rescue,

;

citizens summoned to, by Donaldson,

;

conflict at Fort Titus,

;

failure of plan to attack Lecompton,

,

;

Geary at,

;

plan for convention at,

;

as to work of convention,

;

convention assembles at,

;

Lane's conspiracy against convention at,

;

"Free-state" mass-meeting at,

,

;

constitution formed at,

;

legislature meets at,

.

See

Lewis, Meriwether,

sent out by Jefferson,

;

on the Columbia,

Lewis, William B.,

;

the Coleman letter,

Lexington, Kentucky,

Liberator, The,

publication begun,

Liberties, Body of,

Lincoln, Abraham, intimation as to official conduct of Taney,

Loki, the, of Kansas, appears,

London,

,

London, Bishop of, as to baptism of slaves,

Loring, Charles Greeley, in Sims case,

Lorings, the, in Crafts case,

Louisiana, Commonwealth of,

erected,

;

slavery in,

,

,

,

;

condition on erection,

,

;

relation to tariff of 1832,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Louisiana territory,

,

,

,

,

,

;

added to public domain,

;

slavery in,

,

,

,

;

owned by France and Spain,

;

ceded to United States,

;

divided,

;

early ownership and division,

;

condition on cession to United States,

;

motion of Thomas as to slavery,

;

motion renewed,

;

carried,

;

conference report,

;

relation to Missouri bill,

,

;

ceded to France, and to United States,

;

as to inclusion of Oregon,

;

cession of 1803,

;

effect of acquisition,

;

act of 1820,

;

as to the Douglas report on Nebraska,

;

as to repeal of Acts of 1820,

;

as to Dred Scott case,

,

Louisiana, Territory of,

organized,

;

name changed,

.

See

[Missouri, Territory of]

Lovejoy, Owen, killed,

Lowell, John, member of Emigrant Aid Society,

Lowell, Massachusetts, meetings on fugitive slave law,

Lower California,

Lowndes, William,

committee service,

;

on conference committee,

;

reports bill on Missouri,

,

;

bill defeated,

;

relation of family to nullification,

Lundy, Benjamin, instigates abolition petition,

M

C

C

ULLOCH

vs.

Maryland [4 Wheaton, 316],

McDuffie, George,

opinion on slave labor,

;

chairman ways and means committee,

;

relation to Dr. Cooper,

;

contention as to origin of tariff bills,

,

;

reports a tariff bill,

;

its terms and disposal,

;

forms economic basis of nullification,

,

,

;

opposition to tariff,

;

amendment lost,

;

as to bill of 1832,

;

tariff bills in House,

;

attitude to the Bank,

;

makes minority report in support of Bank,

McGee County, Kansas, contested election,

McGregor, Gregor,

McHenry, Jerry, rescue of,

,

McKay, James J., introduces bill,

McLane, Louis,

speech on Missouri,

,

;

removed from head of Treasury Department,

McLean, John, voting,

Macon, Nathaniel,

committee service,

;

position on Maine-Missouri bill,

Madison, James,

his message of 1815,

,

;

vetoes internal improvements bill,

;

earlier recommendations,

;

relation to Republican party,

;

relation to War of 1812,

;

as to relation between slavery and protection,

;

vetoes bill, 1817, for internal improvements,

,

;

his views,

Mail, United States,

effect of presence of abolition literature,

;

use by abolitionists,

et seq.;

Charleston, South Carolina, post-office robbed,

;

request of Charleston postmaster to New York postmaster,

;

refusal to receive abolitionist documents in New York post-office,

;

Kendall's instructions to the postmasters,

,

;

the question in Jackson's message,

,

;

Calhoun's report and bill,

,

;

criticism by Clay,

;

defeat of the bill,

;

Act of July 2, 1836,

;

significance of the contest,

Maine, Commonwealth of,

constitution formed,

;

petition for admission,

;

bill introduced and passed by House,

;

bill in Senate,

;

connection with Missouri bill,

,

,

;

amended bill passed in Senate,

;

House disagrees,

;

conference committee report,

,

;

bill approved by president,

;

significance of the controversy,

,

et seq.;

attitude to tariff of 1824,

;

attitude toward tariff of 1824,

;

attitude toward tariff bill of 1827,

;

in election of 1828,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Mallary, Daniel,

reports tariff bill of 1827,

;

opposes bill of 1828 as reported,

,

Mangum, Willie Person,

motion as to Clay's and Bell's resolutions,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

Mann, Abijah, Jr., motion in House,

Mann, Horace, opposition to fugitive slave law,

Martin, Luther, letter to Maryland legislature,

,

Maryland, Commonwealth of,

;

legislation on slavery,

;

Martin's letter to legislature,

,

;

laws of, in District of Columbia,

;

domestic slave trade,

,

;

relation to Cumberland road,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

,

;

in election of 1828,

,

;

tax on Bank of the United States,

;

decision on the tax,

;

relation to slavery in District of Columbia,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Mason, James Murray,

reads Calhoun's speech,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

Mason, Jeremiah, in Bank trouble,

Mason, John Young,

calls yeas and nays,

;

yields to Adams,

;

the Ostend manifesto,

Mason, Jonathan, voting,

Mason and Dixon's Line,

Massachusetts, Commonwealth of,

;

slavery recognized,

;

slave laws,

;

substantial abolition of slavery,

;

separation of Maine,

et seq.;

as a type,

;

as to citizenship law,

;

attitude to tariff bill of 1823,

;

and to that of 1824,

;

attitude toward tariff of 1824,

;

attitude toward tariff bill of 1827,

;

abolition petition in House,

;

laws on jails,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

legislature grants charter to Thayer's society,

Matamoras,

concentration of Mexican troops at,

;

approach of Taylor,

;

occupied by Taylor,

Maurepas, Lake,

,

May, Samuel Joseph, the "Jerry rescue,"

Maysville road bill,

passed,

;

vetoed,

,

;

vote on vetoed bill,

;

analysis of vote,

Mellen, Prentiss, position on Maine-Missouri bill,

Mexico,

as to Congress of Verona,

;

treaty of 1825 with Colombia,

;

revolts from Spain,

;

the Austin grant,

;

establishment of federal government,

;

Bustamente's decree on immigration,

;

refuses to sell any Texan territory,

;

overthrow of federal government,

;

possibility of complications with,

;

minister leaves Washington,

,

;

demand by Ellis,

;

full satisfaction refused,

;

impossibility of regaining Texas,

;

diplomatic relations with United States resumed,

;

the claims commission,

,

;

Great Britain as mediator between Mexico and Texas,

;

threatens war on United States,

;

claims Texans are still rebels,

;

Benton's criticism of the Texas treaty,

;

relation of war to election of Polk,

;

threatens war,

;

Tyler's message of 1844,

,

;

makes annexation of Mexico a casus belli,

;

envoy leaves Washington,

;

Slidell's mission,

,

;

governments of Herrera and Paredes,

;

gathering of forces at Matamoras,

;

position of Mexico with reference to Texan boundary,

;

war with United States,

;

title between Nueces and Rio Grande,

,

;

persistence of the Government,

;

Santa Anna again in control,

;

Polk's message of August 6, 1846,

,

;

McKay's bill and the Wilmot proviso,

;

Polk's message of December, 1846,

;

the First embassy,

;

rejection of proposals,

;

the Mexican offer,

;

war resumed,

,

;

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,

;

result of treaty with,

;

proposal as to Mexican acquisitions,

,

,

,

;

views of Berrien and Webster as to slavery in Mexican acquisitions,

,

;

Foote's bill,

;

problem of Texan boundary,

,

;

Clay's plan,

;

opposition of Southerners,

;

attitude of abolitionists,

;

relation of Mexican acquisition to slavery,

Mexico, City of, captured,

Mexico, Gulf of,

,

,

,

,

,

Michigan, Commonwealth of,

;

electoral vote in 1844,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

early Republican party in,

Mississippi, Commonwealth of,

created with slavery,

,

;

legislature calls Nashville convention,

;

convention in,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Mississippi River, the,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Missouri, Commonwealth of,

;

creation,

;

significance of the circumstance,

;

petition for erection,

;

memorial for erection,

;

the Tallmadge amendment,

;

bill for erection passed by House,

;

bill passes Senate without Tallmadge amendment,

;

disagreement,

;

question again presented,

,

;

Taylor's plan,

,

,

;

Storrs's plan,

;

Taylor's motion and argument on it,

et seq.;

Holmes's speech,

,

;

McLane's speech,

,

;

memorial for admission referred,

;

connection with Maine bill,

,

,

;

argument of Pinkney,

;

motion of Thomas,

,

,

;

amended bill carried in Senate,

;

House disagrees,

;

agreement of conference committee,

,

;

report accepted,

;

bill signed by President,

;

consideration of the results,

;

proposed constitution before Congress,

;

the Lowndes bill,

,

;

opposition of Sergeant,

,

;

consideration of the situation,

,

,

;

defeat of Lowndes bill,

;

Smith bill passes Senate,

;

tabled by House,

;

efforts of Eustis,

;

Clay's plan,

;

report of Committee of Thirteen,

,

;

plan defeated,

;

opposition of Tomlinson,

;

conference committee and its report,

,

;

report attached,

;

resolution passed,

,

;

effects of the compromise,

;

decision brings slavery into national politics,

;

attitude toward tariff of 1824,

;

attitude toward tariff bill of 1827,

;

relation to tariff of 1832,

;

admitted as Commonwealth,

;

line of compromise in Burt's amendment,

, and in Douglas's amendment,

;

the compromise in connection with the Oregon bill,

;

views as to slavery policy,

;

bill to organize territory west of,

;

Atchison's objection to such organization,

;

Dixon and the repeal of the Compromise,

,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

misrepresentations as to Emigrant Aid Company,

;

the "border ruffians,"

,

;

attitude to slavery in Kansas,

;

influence of Atchison,

,

;

"Platte County Self-defensive Association,"

,

;

claimants to site of Lawrence, Kansas,

,

;

interference in election of Whitfield in Kansas,

,

;

relation of Missouri Compromise and Republican party,

,

;

effect on Republican party of Missourian interference in Kansas,

;

organization in "Blue Lodges,"

;

interference in Kansas Territorial election,

,

;

Kansas legislature at Shawnee Mission,

;

Robinson's declaration as to slavery in,

;

Missourians summoned by Sheriff Jones,

;

Missourians on the Wakarusa,

;

attitude of Shannon toward Missourians,

;

influenced by Atchison to withdraw,

,

;

claims of intended invasion,

,

;

preparation for further invasion,

,

;

volunteers under Pate,

;

dispersal of volunteers under Whitfield in Kansas,

,

;

import of Woodson's accession to power,

;

Missourians on Bull Creek and at Ossawattomie,

;

new invasion of Kansas,

;

forced to retire by United States troops,

,

;

as to Dred Scott case,

;

decision of Supreme Court of Missouri,

;

the Missourians the beginners of wrong,

Missouri, Territory of,

organized,

;

slavery in,

,

Missouri River, the,

,

Mitchell, David B.,

,

Mobile, cession of river and port of,

Mohawk and Hudson railroad, begun,

Molino del Rey, battle of,

Monroe, James,

relation to Jackson,

,

,

;

as to relation between protection and slavery,

;

messages of 1821 and 1822,

;

message of 1823,

;

veto of 1822,

;

message on internal improvements,

,

,

;

message of December, 1823,

;

electoral vote of 1820,

;

interpretation of message of 1823 by Spanish-Americans,

,

,

;

cabinet intrigue against Jackson,

"Monroe Doctrine," the,

,

Monterey,

captured by Taylor,

,

;

Doniphan sent to,

Monterey, California, convention at,

Moors,

Morfit, Henry M.,

agent to Texas,

;

report to Forsyth,

,

Murphy, W. S.,

letter from Upshur,

;

assurance to Texas of protection,

;

promise to Houston disavowed,

N

APOLEON

.

See

Napoleonic decrees,

Nashville convention,

National Assembly of France,

National Era,

the,

protest against Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

effect of the address,

National Intelligencer,

letter of Clay,

,

National Republican party,

the origin,

;

circumstance of appearance,

;

party nomenclature,

,

;

insists on taking the Bank as a campaign issue,

,

;

nominates Clay for presidency,

;

feeling toward Jackson,

;

its defeat in 1832,

;

basis of party action,

,

;

known as Whig party,

,

.

See

Navy of the United States, legislation upon,

,

Nebraska, Territory of,

bill for organization passed by House,

;

the Howe-Giddings colloquy,

,

;

speech of Atchison,

;

bill introduced by Dodge,

;

bill and report by Douglas,

,

;

consideration of the report and its author,

;

dictum of the committee,

;

Dixon's proposal,

;

Seward and Dixon,

,

;

new bill presented by Douglas,

;

abolition protest in

National Era,

;

reply of Douglas,

;

amendment of Chase,

;

position of Wade,

;

amendment of Douglas,

;

views of Everett,

,

;

Houston's speech,

;

position of Bell and committee,

;

vote on amendment,

;

Chase's amendment,

,

;

contention of Badger and Pratt,

;

declaration of Walker and Badger's amendment,

;

Chase's third amendment,

,

;

Douglas's amendment,

,

;

Chase's fourth amendment,

;

speech of Bell against bill,

,

;

speech of Houston,

;

final argument of Douglas,

,

;

vote in Senate on bill,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

rise of popular opposition,

,

;

the Richardson bill,

;

Senate bill in House,

;

position of Cushing, Davis, and Pierce,

;

actions in House,

;

management of bill by Stephens,

;

bill signed by President,

;

analysis of vote,

,

;

meaning of the vote,

,

;

relation of Act to slavery,

,

;

considered as of North,

;

immigrants to Kansas through,

;

the Act of 1854 the beginning of error,

Negro Fort,

,

Negro labor, adapted to the South,

Negro slavery.

See

Nelson, Samuel, position on Dred Scott case,

Nelson, John, Secretary of State,

disavows Murphy's promise to Houston,

;

relation to Texas question,

New England,

,

;

opposed to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to improvements bill of 1822,

;

attitude upon Maysville road bill,

;

votes as to Pinckney resolution,

New England Anti-Slavery Society, formed,

New Hampshire, Commonwealth of,

legislation on slavery,

;

attitude toward tariff of 1824,

;

in election of 1824,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

New Jersey, Commonwealth of,

legislation on slavery,

;

attitude on Maysville road bill,

;

legislative memorial on finality resolutions,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

New Mexico,

Kearny ordered to occupy,

;

importance of Buena Vista,

;

about to be transferred,

;

acquisition in view,

;

in negotiations,

;

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,

;

Polk's message of July 6, 1848,

,

;

motions of Bright and Clayton,

;

the Clayton bill,

,

;

Polk's message of December, 1848,

;

Douglas's bill,

;

Smith's bill,

;

Berrien's report,

,

;

new bill by Douglas,

;

motion of Walker,

,

;

failure of Congress to act,

;

Taylor's message of December 4, 1849,

;

Foote's bill,

, as to question of Texan frontier,

, Clay's plan,

,

;

Webster's Seventh of March Speech,

;

Bell's propositions,

,

;

report from committee on Territories,

;

Committee of Thirteen,

;

Clay's report,

,

;

encroachments of Bell,

,

;

passage of bill for territorial organization,

,

;

as to the Douglas report on Nebraska,

;

Chase on Act of 1850,

New York, Commonwealth of,

legislation on slavery,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

in election of 1824,

;

in election of 1828,

;

attitude on Maysville road bill,

;

electoral vote in 1844,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

New York Central Railroad, system begun,

New York City,

attitude to tariff bill of 1823,

;

and to that of 1824,

;

attitude to tariff of 1824,

;

attitude toward tariff bill of 1827,

;

postmaster refuses to receive abolitionist documents,

;

the instructions from Kendall,

,

;

arrest of Hamlet,

;

meetings on fugitive slave law,

;

publication of protest against Kansas-Nebraska Act,

New York

Courier and Enquirer,

applies name to Whig Party,

Nicholls, Edward,

,

,

,

Nicholls Fort,

,

Nicholson, A. O. P., letter from Cass,

Niles, John Milton, presents memorial on Texas,

Nootka Convention,

North Carolina, Commonwealth of,

conditional cession of western lands,

,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

stock held in United States Bank,

;

electoral vote in 1844,

;

vacancy in Senate delegation,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Northwest, the,

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

Nueces, River,

,

,

,

,

,

Nullification,

origin,

;

economic basis,

,

,

;

attitude of South Carolina,

;

threatened by McDuffie,

;

Calhoun's publications,

, and argument,

,

;

parties in South Carolina,

,

;

nullification or rebellion,

,

;

Calhoun's theory,

;

in Georgia and South Carolina,

;

the South Carolina convention,

;

the Ordinance of Nullification,

,

;

Ordinance sent to the legislature,

;

Hayne's attitude,

;

acts for enforcement of Ordinance,

;

views on the position of South Carolina,

;

South Carolina in Jackson's message of 1832,

;

Jackson's proclamation of December 10, 1832,

;

Jackson's message of January, 1833,

;

execution of Ordinance postponed,

;

character of nullification defined by Webster,

;

Ordinance of Nullification withdrawn,

;

motive of leaders in affairs of nullification,

;

nullification as represented by Amos Kendall,

O

BREGON

, P

ABLO

, negotiations as to Panama Congress,

,

,

Ohio, Commonwealth of,

slavery forbidden,

,

;

condition on erection,

,

,

;

appropriation of enabling act,

;

tax on Bank of United States,

;

the result,

;

memorial on Texas,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Ohio River, the,

,

,

,

Oliver, Mordecai,

on committee for Kansas investigation,

;

investigates Pottawattomie massacre,

Onis, Luis de,

,

Orders in Council, British,

Ordinance of 1787,

passed,

;

authority of the Congress,

;

restriction on slavery,

;

in Douglas's bill,

;

in the Smith bills,

Oregon,

its "re-occupation" in the Democratic platform,

;

points in the question,

;

Oregon of the last century,

;

Spanish and English claims,

;

the Nootka Convention,

,

;

effect of war between Spain and Great Britain,

;

ceded to France and to United States,

;

work of Lewis and Clark,

;

treaty of Utrecht,

;

Astoria founded,

,

;

joint occupation agreement,

;

agreement of 1828,

;

effect of Whitman's work,

;

in platform of 1844,

;

effect of election of 1844,

;

Tyler's message of 1844,

;

Polk's first message,

;

his recommendations,

;

the question before Congress,

;

the action of Congress,

,

;

treaty of June, 1846,

;

bill reported by,

,

;

Thompson's amendment,

;

the Douglas bill,

;

defeat of Burt's amendment,

;

Wick's proposal,

,

;

speech by Rhett,

,

;

end of the second bill,

;

new bill by Douglas,

;

special message of Polk,

;

Hall's amendment,

;

views of Calhoun and Davis,

;

Davis moves amendment,

;

effect of Davis and Hale on action of Senate,

;

motions of Bright and Clayton,

;

the Clayton bill,

,

;

the final settlement,

;

bill approved,

Orleans, Territory of,

organized,

;

slavery in,

;

erected into Commonwealth,

Osceola,

begins hostilities,

;

defeated,

Ossawattomie, Kansas,

destroyed by Missourians,

;

effect of the attack,

Ostend, the manifesto from,

Otis, Harrison Gray,

voting,

;

position on Maine-Missouri bill,

Oxford University, Professor Senior of,

P

ACIFIC

O

CEAN

, claims in the north of various nations,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Palo Alto, battle of,

Panama Congress,

early negotiations,

,

,

;

commissioners of United States named,

,

;

popular views of the movement,

;

analysis of vote in Senate,

,

;

relation of vote to slavery,

;

nature of opposition,

;

adjournment of the congress,

,

;

discussion of the results,

,

;

effect of question on Republican party,

Paredes y Arrillago, Mariano,

leader of military party,

;

overthrows Herrera,

;

refuses to receive Slidell,

Paris, treaty of.

See

Parker, Severn E., on Conference Committee,

Parker, William, opposition to fugitive slave law,

Parkers, the, in Crafts case,

Parma, Duke of,

Parrot, John T., voting,

Partus sequitur ventrem,

,

,

Pate, H. C.,

captured at Black Jack by Brown,

;

rescued by Sumner,

Patton, John M.,

speaks in House,

;

conclusion from his position,

Pawnee, Kansas, legislature meets at,

Pearce, James Alfred,

introduces bill on Texan boundary,

;

not voting on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

Pennsylvania, Commonwealth of,

;

provision for gradual emancipation,

,

,

;

attitude to tariff bill of 1823,

;

relation to Cumberland Road,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

conventions nominate Jackson for presidency,

;

in election of 1824,

,

,

;

attitude toward tariff bill of 1827,

;

in election of 1828,

,

;

attitude on Maysville road bill,

;

petitions for abolition,

,

;

memorial on Texas,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Pennsylvania railroad, system begun,

Pensacola,

,

,

Perdido River, the,

,

,

,

Perote, captured by Scott,

Peru, treaty of 1823 with Columbia,

Petition, Right of,

early action on abolition petitions,

;

the Chinn-Dickson controversy,

;

Slade's motion,

;

Polk's ruling,

;

Jackson's petition and Hammond's motion,

;

relation of the Constitution to the right of petition,

,

;

customary procedure before 1834,

;

wrangle over Hammond's two motions,

;

the final arrangement,

;

Adams's appeal for right of petition,

;

reply by Jones,

;

Granger's and Ingersoll's claim as to District of Columbia,

;

demand of Wise,

,

;

Slade's declaration of war on slavery,

;

Garland's argument,

;

disposal of the question,

;

revived by Adams,

,

;

ruling of Speaker,

;

Southern members take advanced ground,

,

;

effort of Adams at peace,

;

decision on the fifty-fourth rule,

;

the contest precipitated,

;

Pinckney resolutions quoted,

;

the new rule of procedure,

,

;

affair of February 6, 1837,

;

rule as to petition by slaves, quoted,

;

further attempt at agitation by Slade,

;

increase of petitions,

;

the standing rule of 1840, quoted,

;

effect of this step,

,

;

disposal of the question by the Senate,

,

;

the Vermont petition,

;

position of Calhoun,

;

disposal by Swift's motion,

;

significance of the contest,

;

result of the struggle,

Petigru, James L., relation to nullification,

Phelps, Samuel Shethar, on Committee of Thirteen,

Philadelphia, Pa., constitutional convention at,

Phillips, Wendell, opposes fugitive slave law,

Philosophy of the eighteenth century,

Philosophy of 1776,

Pickering, Timothy, committee service,

Pierce, Franklin,

nominated for presidency,

;

elected,

;

relation to Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

views of historians stated and considered,

,

;

signs Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

views on emigration to Territories,

;

appoints Shannon Governor of Kansas Territory,

;

Shannon's report to,

;

appeal from "Free-state" party in Kansas,

;

proclamation as to Kansas,

;

disapproves Col. Sumner's course,

;

takes active steps as to Kansas,

Pinckney, Henry Laurens,

reports resolution on control of slavery,

;

resolution re-enacted,

Pinkney, William,

argument on powers of Congress,

;

argument restated,

,

;

effect of his argument,

;

on conference committee,

"Platte County Self-defensive Association," formed,

,

Pleasants, James, committee service,

Poinsett, Joel Roberts, effort with reference to "Monroe Doctrine,"

Point Isabel, base of supplies,

Polignac, Jules Auguste Armand Marie de, declaration of Canning,

Political philosophy, French,

,

,

Polk, James Knox,

ruling as Speaker,

;

quoted,

;

confused rulings,

;

further ruling on procedure as to petitions,

;

conclusion from his position,

;

decision on fifty-fourth rule,

;

nominated for presidency,

;

attitude of abolitionists,

;

elected President,

;

first annual message,

;

his recommendations,

;

the question before Congress,

;

the action of Congress,

,

;

Polk's dealings with the Senate,

;

treaty of June, 1846,

;

overtures to Mexico,

;

the Slidell mission,

,

;

duty as to Texan boundary,

;

orders to General Taylor,

;

message on Mexican War,

;

authorized to call for volunteers,

;

orders to Kearny, Sloat, Stockton, and Taylor,

;

message of August 6, 1846,

;

McKay's bill,

;

Wilmot's amendment,

;

Polk's message of December, 1846,

;

empowered tacitly to secure California and New Mexico,

;

the treaty offered through Trist,

;

rejected by Mexico,

;

recalls Trist,

;

message to Congress,

;

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,

;

sends treaty to Senate,

;

special message on Oregon,

;

message on California and New Mexico,

,

;

approves Oregon bill,

;

message on California and New Mexico,

;

effect of message on California,

,

Pomeroy, S. C., at Lawrence,

Pontchartrain, Lake,

,

Porto Rico, in Spanish-American troubles,

,

,

Portsmouth, New Hampshire,

Portugal, Clay's attitude to its colonies,

Pottawattomie Creek,

massacre on,

;

the massacre characterized,

;

and denounced by the settlers,

;

effect of massacre,

;

end of fighting occasioned by massacre,

Potter, James, owner of Sims,

Pratt, Thomas George, contention as to amendment of Chase's amendment,

,

Prigg

vs.

Pennsylvania [16 Peters, 539],

Protection,

as regarded between 1815 and 1820,

;

as voiced by the House in 1822,

;

Monroe's messages of 1821 and 1822,

;

bill of 1823,

;

Monroe's message of 1823,

;

bill of 1824,

.

See

Prussia, King of, as arbiter for claims commission,

Prussia, in Holy Alliance,

Puebla, captured by Scott,

Q

UAKERS

, petitions for abolition of slavery,

,

Quincy, Edmund, opposition to fugitive slave law,

R

AILROADS

,

begun in the United States,

;

relation to national improvements,

,

Randolph, John,

;

opposition to tariff of 1816,

Rantoul, Robert, Jr., in Sims case,

Red River, the,

Reeder, Andrew H.,

arrives at Fort Leavenworth,

;

character and work,

;

action upon contested election cases,

;

criticism by Robinson,

,

;

disregard of his certificates of election,

,

;

attitude of anti-slavery party,

;

difficulties in treatment proposed by Robinson,

;

calls legislature to meet at Pawnee,

;

breaks with legislature over question of adjournment to Shawnee Mission,

;

letter from Conway,

;

removed from governorship of Kansas Territory,

;

elected Congressional delegate,

;

elected Senator by "Free-state" party,

;

contest for seat in House of Representatives,

,

;

indictment against,

;

avoids arrest,

;

Donaldson's reference to his resistance,

Representatives, House of.

See

[House of Representatives]

[Jeffersonian] Republican Party,

its nationalization,

;

its principles in 1801 and 1816,

;

position on national bank,

,

;

early principles,

;

division,

,

,

,

;

absorption of Federal party,

;

effect of War of 1812,

;

nature of the struggle of 1824,

;

division of the party,

et seq.;

effect of Panama Congress,

;

effect of tariff on division of party,

;

power of Congress in its régime,

;

principles on which it gained power,

;

effect of War of 1812,

Republican Party,

brought to life,

;

creed in the

National Era

address,

;

effect of troubles in Kansas,

;

the union of the various elements,

,

;

effect of interference of Missourians in Kansas,

;

as to possible effect of events in Kansas,

;

Kansas assured to the party,

Resaca de la Palma, battle of,

Revenue.

See

Revolution of 1830, relation to abolition,

Revolution, the American,

slave laws before,

;

effect upon slavery,

,

Revolution, the French,

Rhea, John,

Rhett, Robert Barnwell,

speech on control of Territories,

,

,

;

views adopted by Calhoun and Davis,

;

views on fugitive slave law,

;

contention as to fugitive slave law,

;

in debate on Foote's resolutions,

Rhode Island, Commonwealth of,

;

legislation on slavery,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Richardson, William A.,

reports bill on Kansas and Nebraska,

;

motion in House,

;

yields management of Kansas-Nebraska bill to Stephens,

Riley, Bennett, calls California convention,

Rio del Norte River,

Rio Grande River,

,

,

;

Mexican troops on,

;

claimed by Texas a boundary,

;

scene of conflict,

,

,

,

;

upper valley occupied by Doniphan,

,

,

,

,

,

Rio Grande del Norte River,

,

Rives, William Cabell, view of slavery,

Roberts, Jonathan,

motion on Maine-Missouri bill,

;

position as to the bill,

;

moves to amend,

Robertson, George, committee service,

Robinson, Charles,

conference with leaders of Emigrant Aid Company,

;

expedition to Missouri and Kansas,

,

;

the founding of Lawrence,

;

criticism of Reeder's action on contested election cases,

,

;

plan of procedure for anti-slavery party in Kansas,

,

;

sends for Sharpe's rifles,

;

checks factions by the Lawrence speech,

,

;

elected Governor of Kansas,

;

message to legislature,

;

negotiations with Shannon,

;

at Franklin,

;

communication with Sumner as to assault on Jones,

;

indictment against,

;

opinion as to purpose of Pottawattomie massacre,

;

his release ordered,

;

plan to capture Territorial government,

;

conference with Wilson,

;

difficulty of the situation,

;

his work characterized,

,

;

his work quoted,

Rocky Mountains,

,

,

,

,

,

Rush, Benjamin, proposal of Canning,

Russia,

in the North Pacific,

;

edict as to northwest lands,

;

in Holy Alliance,

,

;

Adams's statement to Tuyl,

,

;

the Czar in negotiation with Clay,

,

Russian American Company claims in North Pacific,

S

ABINE

R

IVER

, the,

,

,

St. Augustine,

St. Ildefonso, treaty of,

,

,

,

,

St. Louis,

;

Branscomb and Robinson at,

,

St. Mark's,

,

St. Mary's River, the,

,

Salazar, José Maria,

negotiations as to Panama Congress,

,

,

;

cites Haytian affairs,

Salt Creek Valley, pro-slavery convention,

San Antonio, battle of,

Sandford, John F. A.,

owner of Dred Scott,

;

defendant in federal courts,

et seq.

San Diego, Cal., occupied by Kearny,

San Jacinto, battle of,

,

San Jacinto River,

Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de,

establishes presidential government in Mexico,

;

opposition in Coahuila-Texas,

;

war of Texan independence,

,

;

a prisoner,

;

in power again,

;

his plan of action,

;

battle of Buena Vista,

,

;

battle of Cerro Gordo,

;

battles of Contreras, San Antonio and Cherubusco,

Savannah, Ga.,

Scott, Dred,

his case as referred to in Buchanan's inaugural address,

,

;

origin of the case,

,

;

facts of the case,

,

;

decision of Missouri Supreme Court,

;

sold to Sandford,

;

judgment in Circuit Court,

;

case before Supreme Court,

;

opinion of Justice Nelson,

;

opinion of Justice Catron,

;

opinion of Chief Justice Taney,

,

;

opinion of Justice Curtis,

;

criticism of the decision,

;

criticism of Taney's argument,

,

;

relation of inaugural and decision,

,

;

opinion of Justice Curtis,

,

;

distribution of the opinions,

;

effect of the decision,

,

;

effect of the dictum,

Scott, John, secures reference of Missouri memorials,

Scott, Martin, in Florida,

Scott, Winfield,

ordered to Charleston,

;

his instructions,

,

;

ordered against Vera Cruz,

;

captures Vera Cruz,

;

battle of Cerro Gordo,

;

captures Jalapa, Perote, Puebla,

;

effect of his successes,

;

Trist at his head-quarters,

;

battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec,

;

takes Mexico,

;

nominated for presidency,

;

defeated,

Sedgwick, Major, accompanies Shannon to Lawrence,

Seminole War,

,

,

;

results,

;

cabinet intrigue on conduct of war,

Seminoles,

;

treaty of 1832,

;

repudiate treaty and are expelled,

Senate of the United States,

passage of Bank bill,

;

passage of tariff bill,

;

pay of members,

;

passage of internal improvements bill,

;

action on censure of Jackson,

;

ratifies treaty of 1819,

,

;

effect of method of representation in,

;

Missouri bill referred,

;

vote on Tallmadge amendment,

;

disagreement with House,

;

Clay's suggestion of effect,

;

Maine and Missouri bills in,

,

;

the Thomas amendment,

;

Pinkney's speech,

;

Missouri-Maine bill, and Thomas amendment,

,

;

the conference committee,

,

;

significance of the compromise,

;

Missouri constitution considered,

,

;

passage of Smith bill on Missouri,

;

bill defeated in House,

;

work of second conference committee,

;

plan to alter judicial system and limit number of Representatives,

;

conference committee on tariff,

,

;

recommendation of Cumberland road,

;

vote on internal improvements bill of 1822,

,

;

Clinton a member of,

;

Crawford a member of,

;

Clay a member of,

;

Jackson a member of,

;

opposition to Clay's appointment,

;

action on Panama mission,

,

;

Van Buren's statement on action of,

;

Van Buren leader of opposition in,

;

action on tariff bill,

,

;

passage of tariff bill,

;

South Carolina memorial in,

;

Clay's proposal as to tariff,

;

speeches of Clay and Hayne,

;

vote on House tariff bill,

;

conference committee,

;

Benton's attack on Bank,

;

report on the Bank,

;

Benton's resolution on the Bank,

,

;

relation of members to constituencies,

;

memorial for recharter of Bank,

;

Benton's attack on Bank,

;

bill, for recharter passed,

,

;

Jackson on duty of members,

;

ratifies Indian Springs convention,

;

Calhoun takes Hayne's seat in,

;

Calhoun's statement in,

,

;

"Force Bill" reported,

,

;

Clay's proposition in,

,

;

support of Calhoun,

;

passage of "Force Bill" and of tariff bill,

;

abolition petitions referred,

;

contest on right of petition,

,

;

Calhoun's efforts as to policy of,

;

incident of the Vermont memorial,

,

;

reference of President's message,

;

Connecticut memorial on Texas,

;

Clay resolutions adopted,

;

Calhoun's statement,

,

;

the Walker resolution on Texas,

,

;

action on President's message as to refusals,

,

;

effect of action,

;

as to power over treaties,

,

;

treaty with Texas,

,

;

action as to Texas,

,

;

action as to Oregon,

,

;

bills on Mexico, and the Wilmot proviso,

,

;

ratifies treaties with Mexico,

;

Oregon bill in,

;

action on Oregon bills,

;

debate on Oregon bill,

;

lack of result,

;

Bright and Clayton on Oregon,

;

passes Clayton bill,

;

final agreement with House,

;

action on erection of California and New Mexico,

et seq.;

Calhoun's last speech,

;

Webster's Seventh of March speech,

;

action on Texan boundary,

,

;

completion of compromise measures,

,

;

action on Shadrach case,

;

action on President's powers,

,

;

Foote's finality resolutions,

,

;

petitions to,

;

action on organization of Kansas and Nebraska,

et seq.;

Atchison, President

pro tem.

,

;

memorials from Kansas,

;

speech on the "Crime against Kansas,"

;

Brooks' assault,

,

;

action on Kansas,

,

.

See

[Congress of the United States]

Senior, Nassau William, cited,

Sergeant, John,

opposition to Lowndes's bill,

,

;

nominated commissioner to Panama Congress,

;

nomination confirmed,

Sewall, Samuel E., in Sims case,

Seward, William Henry,

presents petitions for repeal of fugitive slave law,

;

contest in convention of 1852,

;

relation to Dixon and Nebraska bill,

,

;

charge as to official conduct of Taney,

Shadrach,

escape to Canada,

;

Clay's motion and Fillmore's message,

,

Shannon, Wilson,

becomes Governor of Kansas Territory,

;

presides over Leavenworth convention,

;

orders to Territorial militia,

;

meets Lawrence committee at Shawnee Mission,

;

goes to Lawrence,

;

agreement with citizens of Lawrence,

;

treats with Missourians at Franklin,

,

;

report to President,

;

gives troops to Sheriff Jones,

;

dealings with citizens of Lawrence,

,

;

orders troops to the Pottawattomie,

;

his proclamation,

;

orders troops out under Sumner,

;

goes to Lawrence,

;

treaty of August 17,

;

resigns office,

Shaw, Henry, voting,

Shawnee Mission, Kansas,

removal of legislature to,

;

arrival of Governor Shannon,

;

Lawrence committee at,

Sherman, John, on committee for Kansas investigation,

Shields, James, attitude to fugitive slave law,

Sierra Nevada Mountains,

Silliman, Benjamin, member of Emigrant Aid Society,

Silsbee, Nathaniel, attitude to tariff of 1828,

Sims, Thomas,

arrest,

;

trial and rendition,

,

Slade, William,

motion to print abolition petitions,

;

compared with Adams,

;

Polk's ruling on his attempt to debate,

;

his motion tabled,

;

declares war on slavery,

;

his object,

;

further attempt at agitation,

Slave Code, Virginia code of 1705,

Slavery,

beginnings in United States,

;

early view of system,

;

legal recognition,

;

prohibited in Georgia,

;

legislation in Virginia,

;

Virginia statute of 1662,

,

;

relation to Christian baptism,

;

Virginia code of 1705,

;

legislation on public relations of slavery,

;

law of slavery before the Revolution,

;

substantially abolished in Massachusetts,

;

legislation in Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia,

;

letter of Luther Martin,

,

;

in Constitution of 1787,

;

status in Georgia and North Carolina cessions and in Kentucky,

,

,

;

passage of fugitive slave law,

;

abolition of slave trade by Congress,

;

relation to cotton culture,

,

;

in Louisiana territory,

,

,

,

,

,

;

in Orleans Territory,

;

in Louisiana Territory,

,

;

in Missouri Territory and Commonwealth of Missouri,

,

;

effect of abolition of foreign slave-trade,

;

domestic slave-trade,

,

;

relation of slavery to diplomacy,

;

international status,

;

relation of slavery to public policy,

;

status in various States,

,

;

division of Congress on territorial basis as to slavery,

;

in the Territories,

;

in Northwest Territory,

;

in the Tallmadge amendment,

;

slavery in Territories,

;

Taylor's plan as to Missouri,

,

,

;

Storrs's plan as to Missouri,

;

Taylor's motion,

et seq.;

motion of Thomas,

,

,

;

relation of slavery to Missouri struggle,

,

,

,

;

status of slavery in 1776, 1787, 1820,

;

slavery in national politics after 1820,

;

relation of slavery to protection,

,

;

relation of slavery to Panama Congress,

;

relation to tariff,

;

relation to Maysville road bill,

;

relation to internal improvements, to Missouri struggle, and to tariff of 1828,

;

view of Hayne and McDuffie,

;

relation to the Bank question,

;

effect of race domination,

;

as regarded before 1830,

;

humanitarianism of 1830,

;

the philosophy of abolition and of its opponents,

;

the true philosophy,

,

;

slavery in the Constitution,

;

possible ways of attacking slavery,

;

Southampton insurrection,

,

;

Floyd's message,

(

see

[Petition, Right of]

);

declaration of war by Slade,

;

the contest precipitated,

;

the Pinckney resolutions evoked,

;

relation to denial of right of petition,

,

;

views of Rives,

;

views of Calhoun,

;

significance of the contest over petitions and the mails,

;

relation of Whig principles to slavery,

;

relation of Whig and Democratic parties to slavery extension,

,

;

slavery in Florida constitution of 1838,

;

slavery in the Texas constitution of 1836,

;

relation of slavery to recognition of Texas,

;

relation of slavery to question of Texan annexation,

,

,

;

Clay's views of relation of slavery and annexation,

;

relation of slavery to Mexican War,

,

;

the Wilmot proviso,

,

;

Cass's view of relation of Mexican war and slavery,

;

Thompson's amendment,

;

Burt's motion as to the Wilmot proviso,

,

;

meaning of Rhett's views,

;

views of Calhoun and Davis as to slavery in territories,

;

Democratic platform of 1848,

,

;

Cass's letter to Nicholson,

;

Whig platform of 1848,

;

the Clayton bill,

,

;

Free-soil platform of 1848,

,

;

as to signature of Oregon bill,

;

Douglas's and Smith's bills,

;

Berrien's report,

,

;

views of Berrien and Webster on slavery in Mexican acquisitions,

,

;

Taylor's message of December 4, 1849,

;

indication of policy in the Foote bill,

;

relation of slavery to question of Texan boundary,

,

;

question of slavery in District of Columbia,

;

Clay's plan of compromise,

,

;

opposition of Southerners,

,

;

attitude of Davis, and of abolitionists,

;

Calhoun's last speech,

;

Webster's Seventh of March speech,

;

Clay's report,

,

;

the bills as adopted,

,

;

slavery before and after 1850,

;

relation of parties to slavery question,

;

various policies as to slavery,

;

situation in December, 1852,

,

;

Douglas's report on Nebraska,

;

dictum of the committee,

;

Dixon's motion,

;

dictum of Douglas as to act of 1820,

;

controversy on the Kansas-Nebraska bill,

et seq.;

speech of Houston,

;

the

National Era

address,

,

;

the struggle for Kansas,

et seq.;

indications of plan for extension,

;

the question in Kansas,

;

Robinson's declaration as to slavery in Kansas and Missouri,

;

Kansas legislation on slavery,

;

its effect on the North,

,

;

the Topeka constitution,

;

the Dred Scott case,

;

effect of the Dred Scott dictum,

;

further struggle in Kansas,

;

the Lecompton constitution,

,

.

See

[Kansas, Territory of]

Slaves, introduced at Jamestown,

.

See

Slidell, John,

sent to Mexico,

;

refused audience, and leaves Mexico,

;

effect of his rejection,

Sloat, John Drake, ordered to Upper California,

Smith, Caleb B., reports bills on New Mexico and Upper California,

Smith, Gerrit,

the "Jerry rescue,"

;

signs

National Era

address,

Smith, Persifer Frazer,

assigned to command in Kansas,

;

orders as to invaders of Kansas,

;

sustains Cooke in disobeying Woodson,

Smith, George W., candidate for Governor of Kansas,

Smith, William,

reports Maine-Missouri bill,

;

position on the bill,

;

presents bill to Senate on Missouri,

;

bill passed by Senate and tabled by House,

;

presents protest as to tariff,

"Softs," the, attitude of Pierce,

Soulé, Pierre, the Ostend manifesto,

South Carolina,

,

;

slave laws,

;

repeals law against slave importation,

;

as to citizenship law,

;

protest against tariff of 1824,

,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

in election of 1824,

,

;

opposition to tariff bill of 1827,

,

;

legislature protests against tariff of 1828,

,

,

;

attitude to Jackson's views,

;

relation to McDuffie bill of 1830,

;

attitude to McDuffie's argument,

;

attitude to Congress in 1830-31,

;

the tariff and Calhoun's work,

,

,

;

nullification or rebellion,

;

relation to Jackson's message of 1831,

;

stock held in United States Bank,

;

nullification earlier in Georgia,

;

relation to the Indian troubles in Georgia,

;

special meeting of legislature,

;

the nullification convention and its work,

;

the ordinance of nullification,

;

committee to the legislature,

;

addresses of the convention,

,

;

Hamilton's message,

;

Hayne's inaugural,

;

the Replevin Act,

;

change of representation in Senate,

;

acts to enforce ordinance of nullification,

;

opinion of Calhoun and others as to position of South Carolina,

;

South Carolina in Jackson's' message of 1832,

;

Jackson's proclamation of December 10, 1832,

;

active steps taken by Jackson,

,

;

feeling of the other States,

;

Hayne's proclamation and the action of South Carolina,

;

Jackson's message of January, 1833,

;

Calhoun's statement in the Senate,

,

;

the "Force Bill" reported,

,

;

answers Replevin Act,

;

attitude of Calhoun,

;

postponement of execution of nullification ordinance,

;

Bell's report on President's powers,

;

Clay's proposals,

,

;

attitude of Calhoun,

,

;

attitude to Clay's bill,

,

;

ordinance of nullification withdrawn,

;

motive of leaders in affairs of nullification,

;

effect of nullification considered,

;

opinion of Jacksonian principles,

;

convention in,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

demands of South Carolinians in Kansas,

;

the assault upon Sumner,

South Carolina College,

"South Carolina Exposition, The,"

South Sea, the,

Southampton County, Virginia,

slave insurrection,

,

;

Floyd's message,

;

passed over,

;

effect on consideration of abolition petitions,

"Southern Address," the,

Spain,

as to American possessions,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

;

cedes Louisiana territory,

,

;

claims in North Pacific,

;

relation to colonies and to Congress of Verona,

;

attitude of Great Britain and United States as to her colonies,

;

the "Monroe Doctrine,"

;

Clay's attitude to Spain's colonies,

,

,

;

trouble in the colonies,

,

;

boundary disputes with France and United States,

;

treaty of 1819,

;

revolt of Mexico,

;

claim to Oregon,

;

the Nootka Convention,

,

;

effect of war with Great Britain,

;

cedes Louisiana to France,

;

cedes Florida,

;

treaty of 1819,

Spalding, Henry Harmon, missionary to Oregon,

Spanish Government,

Spear, Samuel T., opposes fugitive slave law,

"Specie Circular," its results,

Squatter Sovereign,

the, misrepresentations as to Emigrant Aid Company,

Stanton, F. P.,

appointed secretary of Kansas Territory,

;

as Acting Governor, negotiates with "Free-state" men,

,

;

action on fraudulent elections,

;

demands of "Free-state" men,

,

;

calls legislature at Lecompton,

;

removed,

"States' rights,"

founder of party,

;

position of Webster,

;

early condition of party,

;

nucleus of party,

;

Calhoun's doctrine,

et seq.;

as to the Bank,

,

;

Benton's speech,

;

Troup's attitude,

;

Calhoun's position,

,

,

,

,

;

King's views,

,

;

and

see

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Stearns, ——, sells rights to site of Lawrence,

Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, management of the Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Stockton, Robert Field, ordered to Upper California,

Storrs, Henry R.,

voting,

;

on Missouri affair,

Storrs, Richard Salter, opposes fugitive slave law,

Strange, Robert, motion in Senate,

Stringfellow, B. F.,

coeditor of

Squatter Sovereign,

;

formation of "Platte County Self-defensive Association,"

Sullivan, G., interview with Adams,

,

Sumner, Edwin Vose,

communication with Robinson as to assault on Jones,

;

conditional offer of Lawrence citizens to surrender arms to,

;

rescues Pate,

;

returns to Fort Leavenworth,

;

disperses legislature at Topeka,

;

his act disapproved,

;

retirement,

;

attitude to Kansas affairs,

Sumner, Charles,

presents petitions for repeal of fugitive slave law,

;

speech on fugitive slave law,

;

effort to improve Nebraska bill,

;

signs

National Era

address,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

speech on the "Crime against Kansas,"

;

assaulted by Brooks,

,

;

effect of assault modified by Pottawattomie massacres,

Supreme Court of the United States, decisions by:

Brown

vs.

Maryland,

,

;

McCulloch

vs.

Maryland,

;

Cherokee Nation case,

;

Worcester

vs.

Georgia,

,

;

see also

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

;

Prigg

vs.

Pennsylvania,

;

Dred Scott

vs.

Sandford,

,

,

et seq.

Sutter land claims, war against,

Swift, Benjamin,

presents abolition petition,

;

motion to lay on table,

Syracuse, New York,

meetings on fugitive slave law,

;

the "Jerry rescue,"

,

T

ACUBAYA

,

Tait, Charles, report,

Tallmadge, James,

;

amendment to Missouri bill,

;

leader of restrictionists,

Taney, Roger Brooke,

appointed secretary of the treasury,

;

ceases deposits in United States Bank,

;

the contention as to propriety and legality,

,

;

criticism by the Senate,

;

opinion on Dred Scott case,

,

;

criticism of his argument,

,

;

charge as to divulging court secrets,

,

Tappan, S. F., resists Sheriff Jones,

Tariff,

bill of 1816,

,

,

,

;

views of Clay,

;

speech of Calhoun,

,

,

;

passed by House and Senate,

;

attitude of Randolph and Telfair, and the New Englanders,

;

act under comparison,

,

;

Monroe's messages of 1821 and 1822,

;

bill of 1823,

,

;

failure of the bill,

;

Monroe's message of 1823,

;

bill of 1824,

;

support of Tod,

, and of Clay,

,

;

opposition of Webster, Cambreleng and Barbour,

,

;

Hayne's theory,

;

modified bill passed by House,

;

House rejects Senate amendments,

;

conference committee,

,

;

characterization of tariff of 1827,

;

attitude of various States toward tariff of 1824,

;

protest of South Carolina,

,

;

significance of the question,

;

relation to slavery,

;

act of 1824 a failure,

;

memorials,

;

Mallary bill of 1827,

;

provisions,

;

attitude of the various sections,

,

;

bill passed by House,

;

opposition of South Carolina,

,

;

bill abandoned in Senate,

;

bill of 1828 reported,

;

its provisions,

;

opposed and modified,

,

;

analysis of vote in House,

;

passed by Senate and approved,

;

relation to party lines,

,

;

South Carolina protests against bill of 1828,

,

,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1829,

,

;

its reception in South Carolina,

;

its reference,

;

question of origin of tariff bills,

,

;

bill reported by McDuffie,

;

its terms and disposal,

;

manufactures committee bill,

;

argument of McDuffie,

,

,

;

passage of bills of 1830,

,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1830,

;

the work of Calhoun,

,

;

the law in court,

,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1831,

;

two bills of 1832,

;

disposal in House,

;

Clay's resolution in Senate,

,

,

;

House bill in Senate,

;

amended and passed,

;

distribution of vote in Senate,

;

conference and bill becomes law,

;

its effect on the situation,

,

;

proposal in address of South Carolina convention,

;

Jackson's message of December, 1832,

;

bill reported by Verplanck,

,

;

discussion of Verplanck bill,

;

Clay proposes compromise tariff,

;

his purposes,

,

;

attitude of Calhoun,

;

controversy over the bill,

;

Clay's bill amended and substituted for Verplanck's bill,

;

attitude of South Carolina,

;

President's approval,

;

result of modified bill of 1833,

;

tariff bills vetoed by Tyler,

Tassells, Cherokee Indian, executed,

Taylor, John,

supports Bank bill,

;

presides over Columbia convention,

Taylor, John W.,

in Missouri bill debate,

;

plan as to Missouri,

,

,

;

new motion and argument,

et seq.;

on conference committee,

;

attitude toward internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

vote upon Maysville road bill,

Taylor, Zachary,

ordered to advance from Corpus Christi,

;

demand of Ampudia,

;

hostilities begun,

;

battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma,

,

;

occupies Matamoras,

;

takes Monterey,

,

;

battle of Buena Vista,

,

;

battles of Contreras, San Antonio, and Cherubusco,

;

armistice,

;

presidential nominee,

;

elected President,

;

plan as to California,

;

message of December 4, 1849,

,

;

special message under consideration,

,

;

death,

Tehuantepec, Isthmus of,

Telfair, Thomas, opposition to tariff of 1816,

Tennessee,

,

,

;

created a Commonwealth,

;

with slavery,

,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1822,

;

legislature nominates Jackson for the presidency,

;

electoral vote in 1844,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Territorial extension, position of Whig and Democratic parties,

,

Texas,

early boundary dispute,

;

Austin grant,

;

efforts of United States to buy Texas,

;

declares independence,

;

the Mexicans defeated,

;

constitution formed and Houston elected President,

;

the Connecticut resolution,

;

the Senate's resolution,

;

Calhoun's position,

,

;

House passes resolution,

;

Morfit's mission,

;

Jackson's message of December 21, 1836,

;

Walker's resolution,

;

Jackson's special message as to reprisals,

;

Walker resolution adopted,

;

Texas in diplomatic appropriation bill

;

Jackson deals with agent of Texas,

;

Texan independence recognized,

;

the question of annexation,

,

;

Wise's doctrine as to annexation,

;

Whig address on annexation,

;

negotiations of Upshur and Van Zandt,

;

independence recognized by Powers,

;

possibility of British interference,

;

relations to Mexico,

,

;

proposal of annexation,

;

legal position,

;

Murphy's assurance to President of Texas,

;

Houston sends special envoy to Washington,

;

Murphy's assurance disavowed,

;

President's proposal to move forces,

;

Texas treaty sent to Senate,

,

;

President's view of constitutional position of Texas,

;

treaty rejected by Senate,

;

Benton's claim,

;

opposition of Archer,

,

;

"reannexation" in the Democratic platform,

;

documents sent to House,

,

;

in Democratic platform of 1844,

,

,

;

the Clay letters,

;

demands of abolitionists,

;

the

National Intelligencer

letter,

,

;

relation to annexation of election of Polk,

;

Greeley's views as to triumph of annexation,

;

Tyler's message of 1844,

,

;

Ingersoll reports joint resolution,

;

various views as to method of annexation,

,

;

House passes enabling act,

;

the Archer report in the Senate,

,

;

the Walker amendment,

;

measure signed by President,

;

Texas admitted,

;

annexation a casus belli for Mexico,

;

Texas congress of December, 1836,

;

the Rio Grande as boundary,

;

President's duty as to Texan boundary,

;

Congressional acts as to Corpus Christi,

;

importance of Buena Vista,

;

problem of Texan boundary,

,

;

Clay's plan,

,

;

opposition of Southerners,

,

;

attitude of abolitionists,

;

Webster's Seventh of March speech,

;

Clay's report,

;

extension of jurisdiction by Bell,

,

;

passage of bill as to Texan boundary,

,

;

dictum of Douglas as to annexation of Texas,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

.

See also

[Coahuila-Texas]

Thayer, Eli,

beginning of his work,

,

;

his reasoning,

;

organization effected,

,

;

incorporation,

,

;

conference with Robinson,

;

reward offered for his head,

;

sending of Sharpe's rifles,

Thomas, Jesse B.,

motion as to slavery,

,

,

;

on conference' committee,

Thompson, James,

moves amendment to Oregon bill,

;

amendment in Douglas bill,

Thompson, Waddy,

as minister to Mexico receives threat of war,

;

opinion on slavery extension,

Titus, Colonel,

in troubles at Lawrence,

;

captured,

;

his release promised,

Tod, John,

reports tariff bill,

;

bill fails,

;

reports tariff bill of 1824,

;

supports the bill,

Tomlinson, Gideon, opposes report of Committee of Thirteen,

Topeka, Kansas,

convention at,

(

see

[Kansas, Territory of]

);

legislature at, dispersed,

;

Cooke refuses to obey Woodson's order to attack Topeka,

;

mass-meeting at,

Topliff, C. W., dealings with Donaldson for Lawrence citizens,

Treaty of April 11, 1713 (Utrecht),

Treaty of 1762, between France and Spain,

,

,

Treaty of Paris, February 10, 1763, between France, Great Britain, and Spain,

,

,

,

Treaty of Paris, September 3, 1783,

Treaty of 1790 (Nootka Convention), between Great Britain and Russia,

Treaty of 1800 (St. Ildefonso), between France and Spain,

,

,

,

,

Treaty of April 30, 1803, between France and the United States,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Treaty of Fort Jackson, 1814,

,

Treaty of December 24, 1814, between Great Britain and the United States,

,

[Convention] of October 20, 1818, between Great Britain and the United States,

,

Treaty of February 22, 1819, between Spain and the United States,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Treaty of July 12, 1823, between Colombia and Peru,

Treaty of July 12, 1823, between Colombia and Chili,

Treaty of February 12, 1825, between United States and Creek Indians,

,

Treaty of April 12, 1825, between Colombia and United Provinces of Central America,

Treaty of September 20, 1825, between Colombia and Mexico,

Treaty of January, 1826, between United States and Creek Indians,

[Convention] of August 6, 1827, between Great Britain and the United States,

,

Treaty of 1832, between United States and Seminole Indians,

[Treaty] of April 11, 1839, between Mexico and the United States,

Treaty of August 9, 1842, between Great Britain and the United States,

Treaty of April 12, 1844, between Texas and the United States,

,

,

Treaty of June 15, 1846, between Great Britain and the United States,

,

Treaty of February 2, 1848, between Mexico and the United States,

,

,

,

Tremont Temple, fugitive slave law meetings,

Trist, Nicholas P.,

offers treaty to Mexico,

;

proposals rejected,

;

signs treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,

;

returns to Washington,

,

Troup, George McIntosh,

attempts survey of Creek land,

;

letter from Barbour,

,

;

controversy with Barbour and Adams,

,

;

repudiates agreement of 1826,

;

controversy with Administration as to surveys,

,

;

his message to the legislature,

Tucker, George, committee service,

Turks,

Turner, Nat, leads slave insurrection,

Tuyl, Baron, declaration from Adams,

,

Tyler, John,

succeeds Harrison,

;

vetoes bank bills and tariff bills,

;

Cabinet resignations,

,

;

friction with Whigs,

;

accession to presidency,

;

opens negotiations with Texas,

;

relation to annexation,

;

resignation of Webster,

;

makes Upshur secretary of state,

,

;

the London story of interference in Texas,

;

attitude to Mexican threat of war,

;

relation to Texan negotiation,

;

as to defence of Texas,

;

sends treaty to Senate,

,

;

view of constitutional position of Texas,

;

significance of Archer's criticism of annexation treaty,

;

sends Texas documents to House,

,

;

relations with Whitman,

,

;

message of 1844,

,

;

views as to method of annexation,

;

signs measure for annexation of Texas,

;

characterization of his acts,

,

"U

NCLE

T

OM'S

C

ABIN

,"

"Underground," the, established,

.

See

[Fugitive Slave Law]

United Provinces of Central America, treaty of 1825, with Colombia,

United States Bank.

See

[Bank of the United States]

United States of America, the,

effect of military statutes,

;

national spirit in,

;

territorial extension of,

;

independence recognized,

;

purchase of Louisiana,

;

claims on Florida,

,

;

occupation of Florida,

,

;

effect of treaty of Ghent,

;

affair at Nicholls Fort,

,

;

character of Seminole War,

,

;

relations with Spain as to occupation of Florida,

,

;

treaty with Spain,

,

,

,

;

transfer of Florida,

;

slavery in,

,

,

,

;

treaty of 1803,

;

obligations to Georgia and North Carolina,

, and to France,

;

attitude to slavery,

,

,

,

;

debate on powers of general Government,

et seq.;

Taylor's discussion of powers,

,

;

federal system of 1820,

;

nature of the Union,

;

effect of second Missouri compromise,

;

significance of the compromise,

;

commercial position,

,

;

foreign relations of, in 1822,

;

claims in the North Pacific,

;

relation to Spain's American possessions,

et seq.;

attitude to Holy Alliance,

et seq.;

relations with Spanish-American states,

et seq.;

constitutional interpretation in the history of,

;

relations with Great Britain,

;

railroads in,

;

tariff the necessary policy of,

;

statistics from foreign trade of,

,

;

meaning of the term,

;

regard for laws of,

;

danger of bank to,

;

Jackson's view considered,

;

as to veto power,

;

effect of Jackson's bank veto,

;

cession by Georgia to,

;

treaty with Creek Indians,

;

dispute as to title,

;

treaty with Creek Indians,

;

trouble with Georgia,

et seq.;

the issue as offered by South Carolina,

;

principle of the governmental system of,

;

the time for a revenue tariff,

;

Jackson on the character of the Union,

;

officers of, in South Carolina,

;

resistance to laws checked,

;

effect of events of 1832 and 1833,

;

development of national purposes,

,

;

abolition and opinion of slavery in,

;

contest over use of mails of,

et seq.;

disputes as to deposits of,

et seq.;

treaty with Seminoles,

;

recognition of Spanish rights,

;

immigration into Texas from, forbidden,

;

attempts to purchase Texas,

;

importation of slaves into Texas from, allowed,

;

as to recognition of Texan independence by,

,

;

Morfit's report on Texas,

;

question of natural boundaries,

,

;

annexation of Texas proposed,

;

diplomatic relations with Mexico,

,

;

recognition of Texan independence by,

;

relations with Mexico and Texas,

et seq.;

as to admission of Texas,

;

purchase of Louisiana,

;

claims in Oregon,

,

;

conventions with Great Britain,

,

;

Oregon and Great Britain,

et seq.;

as to claim on Texas and Oregon,

;

Clay's views as to policy of,

,

;

relations with Mexico,

,

;

as to annexation of Texas,

;

as to method of annexation to,

,

;

claims to Oregon,

et seq.;

negotiations with Great Britain,

;

suspension of diplomatic relations with Mexico,

;

mission to Mexico,

;

question of the Texan frontier,

,

;

relations with Mexico,

et seq.;

military power in California,

;

the Trist mission,

,

;

treaty with Mexico,

;

Rhett on the nature of the union,

,

;

extension of public law of,

;

relations to Cuba,

;

relation to affairs in Kansas,

et seq.

Upham, William,

introduces amendment,

;

opposition of Cass and rejection,

Upper California,

to be occupied to Sloat and Stockton,

;

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,

;

Smith's bill,

.

See

Upshur, Abel P.,

made secretary of state,

,

;

negotiations with Van Zandt,

;

letter to Murphy,

;

formally proposed annexation,

;

demand from Van Zandt,

;

relation to Murphy's promise,

;

death,

Utah,

Foote's bill for territorial organization,

;

report of committee on territories,

;

Committee of Thirteen,

;

Clay's report,

,

;

bill as to Utah passed,

;

as to the Douglas report on Nebraska,

;

Chase on Act of 1850,

Utrecht, treaty of,

V

AN

B

UREN

, M

ARTIN

,

relation to Crawford,

;

attitude toward civil service reform,

;

in election of 1824,

;

attitude upon Panama Congress,

;

opposition to Adams on internal improvements,

;

share in election of 1828,

;

made secretary of state,

;

his success in diplomacy,

;

relation of Administration to the financial situation,

;

message of September 4, 1837,

,

;

origin of independent treasury idea,

;

Van Buren's recommendation and the law of July 4, 1840,

,

;

declines proposition of Texan annexation,

;

resumed diplomatic relations with Mexico,

;

treaty proclaimed,

,

;

put aside by his party,

;

nominated for presidency,

;

popular vote in 1848 compared with that for Hale in 1852,

Vanderpoel, Aaron, motion in House,

Van Zandt, Isaac,

negotiations with Upshur,

;

proposal of Upshur,

;

demand upon Upshur,

Venezuela,

Vera Cruz,

campaign against, ordered,

;

captured by Scott,

Vermont,

slavery forbidden,

,

;

Rev. S. A. Worcester, of,

;

abolition petition,

,

;

position of Calhoun,

;

disposal of Swift's motion,

;

vacancy in Senate delegation,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

Verona, Congress of,

Verplanck, Gulian Crommelin,

reports tariff bill,

,

;

bill discussed,

;

bill used in argument,

;

Clay's bill substituted for Verplanck's bill,

Virginia, Commonwealth of,

,

;

legislation on slavery,

;

statute of 1662,

,

;

slave code of 1705,

;

legislation on public elements of slavery,

;

forbids importation of slaves,

;

domestic slave-trade,

,

;

as a type,

;

relation to Cumberland road,

;

attitude to internal improvements bill of 1817,

;

attitude to improvements bill of 1822,

;

stock held in United States Bank,

;

relation to slavery in District of Columbia,

;

anticipated by Connecticut in recognizing Texas,

;

views as to policies on slavery,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

"Virginia dynasty," the, extinct,

Vivês, Francisco D.,

W

ADE

, E

DWARD

,

signs

National Era

address,

;

opposition to Douglas,

Wakarusa River, the,

settlement near,

;

Missourians on,

Walker, Isaac P.,

motion as to Mexican acquisitions,

,

;

declaration as to repeal of act of 1820,

Walker, Robert John,

offers resolution as to Texas,

;

adopted,

;

offers amendment to Texas resolution,

;

appointed Governor of Kansas Territory,

;

his address,

;

party relations,

;

declaration as to law controlling territorial election,

;

action on fraudulent elections,

Walker, Samuel, in command of "Free-state" forces in Kansas,

Walla Walla, mission on the,

,

War of 1812,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

;

effect upon political parties,

;

effect on Republican party,

;

as to Astoria,

War with Mexico,

a result of social development,

;

relation of war to election of Polk,

;

details,

et seq.;

the casus belli,

;

the concentration of forces,

;

point of conflict,

,

;

beginning of hostilities,

;

battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma,

,

;

attitude of parties to war,

;

character of war,

,

;

Congress authorizes war,

;

occupation of New Mexico and Upper California,

;

capture of Monterey,

,

;

seizure of California,

;

return of Santa Anna and plans against Vera Cruz,

;

battle of Buena Vista,

;

capture of Vera Cruz,

;

battle of Cerro Gordo,

;

capture of Jalapa, Perote, and Puebla,

;

battles of Contreras, San Antonio, and Cherubusco,

;

armistice,

;

Cass's view of relation of the war and slavery,

;

battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec,

;

capture of Mexico,

;

opposition to the war,

;

treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,

War of 1861,

an historical necessity,

;

a result of social development,

;

relation of events in Kansas to,

,

War Department,

,

,

,

,

Warrenton, Virginia,

Washington, D. C.,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Washington Hall, fugitive slave law meetings,

Washington

Union,

the, relation to President Pierce,

,

Webb, James Watson, applies name to Whig party,

,

Webster, Daniel,

objection to Bank bill,

;

as to tariff bill,

;

qualifications as presidential candidate in 1824,

,

;

attitude to tariff of 1828,

;

Calhoun and the Hayne debate,

;

relation to Jackson and the Bank,

;

advice to Bank party,

;

on Bank committee of Senate,

;

answers Calhoun's argument,

;

retires from Tyler's cabinet,

,

;

New York speech on Texas,

;

checks annexation plans,

;

resigns from State Department,

;

the Ashburton treaty,

;

negotiation with Ashburton,

;

views on slavery in Mexican acquisitions,

,

;

Seventh of March speech,

;

on Committee of Thirteen,

;

attitude to fugitive slave law,

;

denounced by Giddings,

;

contest in Whig convention of 1852,

;

death,

Webster, Sidney, statement as to position of Washington

Union,

,

Welles, Gideon, Blair to Welles on Seward,

,

Wells, William, as to Bank bill,

West Florida,

Weston, Missouri, meeting of residents of Platte County,

Westport, Missouri, meeting of Whitman colonists,

Wheeling, West Virginia,

Whig party,

appearance,

,

;

acquisition of name,

,

,

;

significance of its composition and principles,

,

;

relation to Gordon's independent treasury proposal,

;

opposes independent treasury bill of 1840,

,

;

convention of 1839,

;

election of 1840,

;

Bank bill and tariff bill as party measures,

;

friction between Congress and President,

,

;

relation of its principle to the new question of slavery and territorial extension,

,

;

address on Texas annexation,

;

convention nominates Clay for presidency,

;

position on Polk's first message,

,

;

attitude to Mexican War,

;

platform of 1848,

;

the Clayton bill,

,

;

election of 1848,

,

;

convention of 1852,

;

tendency to division of party,

,

;

election of 1852,

;

controversy over Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

vote in House on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

,

;

meaning of the vote,

,

;

as to leaders of Emigrant Aid Company,

;

effect of Kansas struggle,

;

tendency to dissolution,

,

Whitfield, John W.,

elected to Congress in Kansas,

;

credentials accepted,

;

contest for seat in House of Representatives,

,

;

leads Missourians in Kansas,

Whitman, Marcus,

missionary to Oregon,

;

settlement, and visit to Tyler,

;

helped by the Administration,

,

;

the Oregon colony,

Wick, William W., moves amendment,

,

Wilkins, William,

reports "Force Bill,"

,

;

bill used in argument,

;

attitude of Calhoun,

;

bill passed by Senate,

;

and by House,

,

;

approved,

;

"Force Bill" considered,

Williams, J. M. S.,

in emigrant aid work,

;

conference with Robinson,

Wilmot, David,

moves amendment,

;

passed by House,

;

no action in Senate,

;

amendment again passed by House,

(

see

[Upham, William]

);

motion for amendment of Wilmot proviso,

,

;

the proviso and the Whig platform of 1848,

;

the proviso in Berrien's speech,

;

the proviso in abolitionist demands,

Wilson, Henry,

meets Robinson at Lawrence,

;

urges new census for Kansas,

Wisconsin, Commonwealth of,

vote on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

;

early Republican party in,

Wise, Henry A.,

demand as to District of Columbia,

;

doctrine on Texan annexation,

;

connection of speech with President's policy,

Witan,

Wood, S, N.,

Jones serves writ on,

;

as to "treason indictment,"

Woodbury, Charles Levi, connection with Sims case,

Woodbury, Levi, beginning of Bank trouble,

Woodson, Daniel,

Acting-Governor of Kansas Territory,

;

superseded by Shannon,

;

again Acting-Governor,

;

proclamation of August 25,

,

;

orders Cooke to attack Topeka,

Worcester

vs.

Georgia [6 Peters, 515],

,

Worcester, Samuel A.,

violation of Georgia statute,

,

;

case of Worcester against Georgia,

Worcester, Massachusetts, home of Eli Thayer,

Wright, William, not voting on Kansas-Nebraska bill,

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