El Estudiante de Salamanca and Other Selections

by José de Espronceda

VOCABULARY

The sign "-" means the word which stands in black type at the head of the paragraph; thus, -se under abrir means abrirse.

acc. = accusative.

adj. = adjective.

adv. = adverb.

art. = article.

card. = cardinal numeral.

cf. = compare.

conj. = conjunction.

dat. = dative.

dem. = demonstrative.

f. = feminine.

impers. = impersonal.

inf. = infinitive.

interj. = interjection.

interrog. = interrogation, interrogative.

Ital. = Italian.

m. = masculine.

neut. = neuter.

p.p. = past participle.

pers. = person, personal.

pl. = plural.

poss. = possessive.

pr. n. = proper noun.

prep. = preposition.

pron. = pronoun.

refl. = reflexive.

rel. = relative.

sc. = to wit.

sing. = singular.

viz. = namely.

a prep. to, at, on, upon, over, in, towards, with, from, for, around, by, of, when, as; as sign of the accusative, not to be translated; —— + inf. if (—— estar aquí if she were here); al + inf. upon, on, at, when.

abandonar abandon, forsake, leave.

abandono m. abandonment, surrender, yielding.

abarcar embrace, contain.

abatir overthrow, lay low.

abierto, -a open.

abismo m. abyss, hell, bottomless pit.

ablandarse soften, relent, give.

abonar improve, warrant, favor, become.

abrasado, -a burning, hot.

abrasar burn.

abrazo m. embrace.

ábrego m. southwest wind.

abreviar shorten.

abrir open, expand, cut; —se open, yawn, unfold, split.

abrojo m. thistle, thorn.

absolución f. absolution.

abundante adj. abundant, abounding, teeming.

acá adv. here, hither.

acabar end, cease; —se come to an end.

acacia f. acacia.

acariciar cherish, soothe, caress.

acaso adv. perchance, perhaps.

acción f. action, feat.

acento m. accent, voice, words, tone.

acercar approach, bring near; —se approach.

acero m. steel.

acertar guess aright, tell certainly, ascertain, divine.

acompañar accompany, follow.

acudir assist, hasten to assistance, come, appear.

achacar blame, impute, attribute.

adelantar(se) advance, proceed, hasten.

adelante adv. onward, on, farther, forward.

ademán m. gesture, attitude, look, manner.

adiós m. adieu, farewell.

admirar wonder at, admire.

admitir admit, accept, permit.

adónde adv. where? whither?

adorar adore.

adormir drop to sleep.

adornar adorn.

adorno m. ornament, adornment.

aduar m. camp, camp of gypsies, horde of gypsies.

adusto, -a austere, sullen, gloomy, solemn.

advertir warn.

aéreo, -a ethereal, aerial, airy.

afán m. eager desire, longing, anxiety, effort, toil, difficulty, bustle.

afanar distress; —se desire eagerly, struggle for.

afeminado, -a effeminate.

afilado, -a sharp, slender, thin, tapering.

afligido, -a troubled, distressed.

afligir pain, grieve.

afrenta f. insult, affront.

ágil adj. nimble, light.

agilidad f. quickness, nimbleness, activity.

agitar agitate, move, stir, stir up, sway, shake, disturb.

agolpado, -a curdled.

agolpar rush, gather.

agonía f. agony, death struggle, pangs of death.

agostar parch, wither.

agradecer be grateful, render thanks, be grateful for.

agradecido, -a thankful, grateful.

agreste adj. wild, rude, rough.

agrupar(se) cluster.

agua f. water.

aguardar await, expect.

agudo, -a sharp, keen.

¡ah! interj. ah!

ahinco m. energy, determination.

ahogar stifle, smother, drown.

ahora adv. now, at present.

airado, -a angry.

aire m. air, atmosphere, wind, breeze, manner.

airoso, -a airy, lively, easy, genteel, elegant, graceful.

aislamiento m. isolation.

ajar spoil, crumple, fade.

ajeno, -a of another, ignorant, unaware; —— de free from.

ala f. wing, brim.

alabar praise, extol.

alarido m. cry, shout, shriek.

alba f. dawn.

albo, -a white.

alborada f. dawn.

alborotar stir up, agitate, arouse, excite, disturb, confuse; —se get excited.

alcanzar attain, succeed, achieve, reach, obtain, take; —— a hacer succeed in doing, be capable of doing.

alcázar m. castle, fortress.

alegrarse rejoice, be glad.

alegre adj. happy, joyful, merry, beautiful, fair, clear.

alegría f. joy, merriment.

alejarse move away, recede.

alentar animate, foster, cherish.

alfombra f. carpet.

algazara f. shout, shouting, hubbub.

alguno, -a adj. pron. some, some one.

aliento m. breath, spirit, exhalation.

alma f. soul, heart, person.

almena f. battlement.

almo, -a holy.

alquiler m. hire; de —— hired, let for hire.

alredor adv. around; a mi —— around me.

altanero, -a soaring, haughty, arrogant, overbearing, proud.

altar m. altar.

alterar change, disturb, stir up.

altísimo, -a very high, lofty.

altivez f. arrogance, presumption.

altiveza f. arrogance, haughtiness.

altivo, -a haughty, proud, lofty.

alto, -a high, steep, tall, raised, lofty, erect, loud.

altura f. height; ——s heavens, on high.

alumbrar light, shed light, illumine.

Álvarez pr. n. Álvarez.

alzar raise, lift, hoist; —se rise; —se de pie rise to one's feet.

allá adv. there, yonder, thither; —— va here goes; —— voy I am coming; más —— farther on, beyond.

allí adv. there.

amable adj. pleasing, lovely, kind.

amado, -a beloved, loved (one).

amador m. lover.

amante adj. loving.

amante m. f. lover, sweetheart.

amar love.

amargo, -a bitter.

amargura f. bitterness, sorrow.

amarillo, -a yellow.

amedrentar frighten, terrify.

amigo m. friend.

amontonar gather, pile up.

amor m. love, lady-love, sweetheart; ——es love affairs, amours, intrigues.

amoroso, -a loving, amorous, gentle.

amparar protect; —se be protected, enjoy protection.

analizar analyze.

anatema m. f. anathema.

anclar anchor.

andado, -a traversed.

andadura f. amble; paso de —— ambling gait.

andar go, move, walk, be; vamos andando let us be off.

andar m. gait, walk.

andrajoso, -a tattered.

anegar drown.

ángel m. angel.

angélico, -a angelic, heaven-born.

ángulo m. corner.

angustia f. anguish.

angustiado, -a anguished, distressed.

angustioso, -a full of anguish, miserable, painful.

anhelante adj. covetous, longing.

anhelo m. desire, longing, yearning.

ánima f. soul.

animarse take courage, become animated.

ánimo m. spirit, courage, mind, intention.

animoso, -a spirited, gallant, brave.

ansia f. longing, eagerness, anxiety, anguish.

ansiar desire, yearn for, long for, crave.

ansiedad f. anxiety, eagerness, longing, anguish.

ansioso, -a anxious.

ante prep. before.

antes adv. before; —— de prep. before.

antiguo, -a old, ancient, former.

antojo m. fancy, caprice.

antorcha f. torch, taper.

anublar becloud, darken.

anunciar announce, proclaim.

añadir add.

año m. year.

apagado, -a extinguished, softened.

apagar extinguish.

aparecer(se) appear.

aparición f. apparition, ghost.

apartar remove, withdraw.

aparte adv. aside.

apenas adv. hardly, barely.

aplauso m. applause.

apoderarse de take possession of.

apostar bet, wager, stake.

apostura f. neatness, spruceness, appearance.

apoyar rest, support.

aprecio m. regard; hacer —— de note.

apremiar press.

aprestar make ready, prepare.

apretado, -a tight, close.

apretar press, clutch, tighten.

aquel, -la adj. dem. that.

aquél, -la, aquello pron. dem. that one.

aquí adv. here, now; de —— a una hora an hour hence.

Aquilón m. north wind.

ara f. altar.

árbol m. tree.

arboleda f. grove.

arcano m. secret, mystery.

arco m. arch.

archivo m. archive, repository.

arder burn, glow.

ardido, -a burning.

ardiente adj. ardent, burning.

ardite m. ardite (an ancient coin); farthing.

arenal m. sandy place.

argentado, -a silvery, silvered.

argentino, -a silvery.

árido, -a dry, dried up, barren.

arma f. arms, weapon.

armar arm, start.

armonía f. harmony, music, rhythm, concord, peace.

armonioso, -a harmonious, melodious.

aroma m. aroma, fragrance, scent, perfume.

aromoso, -a aromatic, fragrant.

arpa f. harp.

arrancar tear out, pluck out, wring, wrest, tear away, take away.

arrebatar bear away, catch, snatch up, attract, captivate, charm; —se grow furious, rush headlong, give way to passion.

arrebolar redden.

arrogancia f. arrogance.

arrojar throw, cast, cast off.

arrojo m. daring, fearlessness.

arrostrar face, fight, encounter.

arroyuelo m. little brook, brooklet.

arruinado, -a ruinous, crumbling.

arrullar lull.

arrullo m. lullaby.

as m. ace.

asaz adv. enough, sufficiently, very.

ascender ascend, rise.

así adv. so, thus.

Asia f. Asia.

asiento m. seat.

asilo m. refuge, protection, shelter, haven, asylum.

asolador, -a destroying, devastating.

asomar appear.

asombro m. amazement, wonder.

aspecto m. aspect, appearance, sight.

áspero, -a rough, rugged.

aspirar breathe, inhale, aspire.

asqueroso, -a loathsome, filthy.

astro m. heavenly body, orb, star.

astuto, -a cunning, crafty.

asunto m. affair, business.

asustar frighten.

atajar head off, stop, check, confound.

ataúd m. coffin.

Atenas pr. n. f. Athens.

atento, -a attentive, watchful, heedful, intent.

aterrador, -a frightening, terrible.

Átila pr. n. m. Attila.

atrás adv. behind, backward.

atravesar pass through, cross.

atrevido, -a bold, daring.

atronador, -a thundering.

atropellar trample under foot, strike down; —se hasten, crowd.

audacia f. audacity.

audaz adj. bold, fearless.

aullar howl.

aullido m. howl, cry of horror.

aumentar increase, enlarge, magnify.

aún, aun adv. yet, still, even, nevertheless.

aunque conj. although.

aura f. breeze, zephyr.

aurora f. dawn, break of day, aurora.

ausencia f. absence.

autómata m. automaton, mere machine, puppet.

avanzar advance, go forward.

avariento, -a avaricious.

avaro, -a avaricious, covetous.

avaro m. miser.

ave f. bird.

aventura f. adventure, affair.

avergonzarse de be ashamed of, blush for.

ávido, -a eager, covetous.

ay interj. alas, oh; —— de alas for.

ay m. groan.

ayer adv. yesterday, lately.

azahar m. orange blossom.

azorar terrify.

azotar lash, flog, whip.

azul adj. blue, azure.

bajar lower, descend, bow, hang down.

bajel m. ship.

bajo prep. under, beneath.

baldón m. reproach, insult.

banda f. side of a ship.

bandera f. banner, flag.

bandolero m. bandit.

banquete m. banquet.

bañar bathe.

báquico, -a Bacchanalian.

bárbaro, -a barbarous, cruel, fierce.

barco m. vessel, ship; —— viene a sail!

barrer sweep.

barrera f. barrier.

barro m. clay, mud.

base f. base, foundation.

bastar suffice, be enough.

beber drink, imbibe.

befa f. scoff, ridicule, taunt.

beldad f. beauty.

beleño m. henbane, poison.

belleza f. beauty.

bello, -a beautiful, fair.

bendecir bless, praise.

bendición f. blessing.

bergantín m. brigantine.

beso m. kiss.

bien adv. well, indeed, all right.

bien m. good, good thing, treasure, beloved one, blessing; hacer —— give alms, aid.

bienhechor, -a m. f. benefactor.

bienvenido, -a welcome.

bigote m. mustache; hacerse el —— curl one's mustache.

blanca f. blanca (old copper coin).

blanco, -a white, fair.

blancor m. whiteness.

blando, -a soft, tender, gentle, pleasing.

blasfemar blaspheme, curse.

blasón m. blazon, armorial bearings, honor, glory.

bledo m. blite, pigweed; dar un —— de care a straw for.

boca f. mouth, lips.

boda f. marriage, wedding.

bolsa f. purse, money.

bonanza f. fair weather.

bordar embroider, embellish.

borrasca f. storm, tempest.

borrascoso, -a tempestuous, stormy.

borrón m. blot, stigma.

bosque m. forest, wood, bosk.

bote m. thrust.

botín m. booty, spoils.

bóveda f. arch, vault, cavern.

bramador, -a roaring, bellowing, raging.

bramar roar, rage, bluster, bellow.

bramido m. howling, roaring.

bravío, -a wild, fierce.

bravo, -a brave.

bravura f.. bravado, fierceness, ferocity, boasting.

brazo m. arm, embrace.

breve adj. brief, short.

bridón m. steed, bridle.

brillante adj. brilliant, bright.

brillar glisten, shine.

brindar drink to one's health, offer, pledge.

brío m. strength, courage, mettle, spirit, resolution.

brisa f. breeze.

broche m. clasp, brooch.

brotar bud, bring forth, put forth, gush forth, shed.

bruja f. witch.

brutal adj. brutal.

Bruto pr. n. m. Brutus.

bueno, -a good, fine, pleasant.

bujía f. candle, taper.

bulto m. dim form.

bulla f. bustle, throng, noise.

bullicio m. tumult, bustle.

bullidor, -a restless, merry.

burla f. joke.

buscar seek, hunt, look for.

buscarruidos m. quarrelsome fellow.

caballeresco, -a gentlemanly.

caballero m. knight, gentleman, nobleman, sir; ¡mal ——! scoundrel!

caballo m. horse, steed, figure on horseback in Spanish pack of cards, equivalent to the queen; a —— on horseback; ¡a ——! to horse!

cabaña f. cottage, hut, hovel.

cabello m. hair, locks.

cabeza f. head.

cable m. cable.

cada adj. every, each.

cadáver m. corpse, dead body.

cadavérico, -a cadaverous.

cadena f. chain.

caduco, -a worn out, decrepit, broken down.

caer(se) fall, set, sink, droop.

calar penetrate; —se pull down; —se el sombrero pull down one's hat.

calavera f. skull.

calentura f. fever.

caliz m. chalice, calyx.

calma f. calm, quiet, calmness, coolness; en —— calm.

calmar calm, mitigate, soften, still, quiet, slake, cool.

calmo, -a calm, still.

callado, -a silent, quiet.

callar be silent.

calle f. street.

cambiar(se) change, turn.

caminar move, walk, go, go on, travel, march.

camino m. road, way, path, journey.

campana f. bell.

campanilla f. little bell.

campaña f. country.

campiña f. field.

campo m. field, country.

can m. dog, dog-star.

canción f. song.

cándido, -a white, bright, pure.

candor m. ingenuousness.

candoroso, -a candid, pure, innocent.

cansar weary, bore.

cantar sing, chant, sing of.

cantar m. song.

cántico m. canticle, song of praise.

cantidad f. amount, sum.

canto m. singing, song.

cañón m. cannon.

capa f. cape, cloak.

capaz adj. capable.

capitán m. captain.

capricho m. caprice, whim, fancy.

capuz m. cloak, hood, cape.

caracol m. snail, winding staircase; gradería de —— torcida spiral staircase.

carbón m. coal.

carcajada f. burst of laughter; soltar una —— burst out laughing.

cárcel f. prison.

cárdeno, -a livid.

carga f. burden.

cariado, -a rotten, putrid.

caricia f. caress.

caridad f. charity, alms.

carmín m. carmine.

carne f. flesh.

caro, -a dear, expensive.

carrera f. course.

carta f. card.

casa f. house, home, building; —— de huéspedes lodging-house.

casamiento m. marriage, wedding.

casi adv. almost.

caso m. case, matter, event; hacer —— de take notice of, heed.

castigo m. punishment; dar ——punish.

castillo m. castle.

Catón pr. n. m. Cato.

caudal m. fortune, abundance.

causar cause.

cautivo, -a m. f. captive.

cavernoso, -a cavernous.

ceder decrease, slacken, abate, diminish.

céfiro m. zephyr, breeze.

ceja f. eyebrow.

cejijunto, -a close-knit.

celebrar celebrate, praise.

celeste adj. celestial, heavenly.

celestial adj. celestial, heavenly.

celoso, -a jealous.

cena f. supper.

cenar sup.

centinela m. f. sentinel.

ceñir gird.

ceño m. frown.

cerca adv. near, close.

cercano, -a close by, near, approaching.

cercar encircle, surround.

cesar cease; sin —— incessantly, constantly.

cetro m. scepter.

ciego, -a blind.

cielo m. sky, heaven.

ciencia f. science, knowledge.

ciento, cien, card. hundred.

cierto, -a certain, sure, assured; por —— certainly, indeed.

cifrar en place in, fix upon.

cima f. crest, summit, top.

cimiento m. foundation.

cinco card. five.

cincuenta card. fifty.

cinta f. ribbon, band, belt, girdle.

círculo m. circle, circling.

cita f. appointment, meeting, rendezvous.

ciudad f. city.

claridad f. light.

claro, -a bright, clear, pure.

clavar nail, fasten, fix.

coagular coagulate, curdle.

cobarde adj. cowardly.

cobarde m. coward.

codicioso, -a greedy, eager.

coger seize, take, catch.

cogido (lo) booty, plunder.

cólera f. anger, wrath.

colérico, -a choleric, angry.

colgar hang.

color m. color, hue, complexion.

colorar color, tinge; —se become colored, color.

columna f. column, pillar.

combatido, -a contending, struggling.

combatir combat, attack, contend, fight.

comento m. comment, fiction, fabrication.

comenzar commence.

comer eat, dine.

como adv. like, as, how, about; tan ... —— as ... as; —— cuánto about how much.

cómo interrog. how.

compañero m. companion.

compañía f. company, companionship.

comparar compare.

compás m. measure, time; a —— in time; al —— de in the time of.

compasión f. pity.

compasivo, -a compassionate, sympathetic.

comprender comprehend, understand.

con prep. with, in, against, on.

cóncavo, -a concave, hollow.

cóncavo m. concavity.

conceder grant, give.

contento m. harmony.

conciencia f. conscience, consciousness.

concierto m. harmony.

condenar condemn, sentence.

conducir lead.

confianza f. confidence, intimacy.

confín m. confine, limit, border.

confundir overwhelm, engulf, confuse, confound, mingle, heap up; —se be bewildered, be perplexed.

confusión f. confusion, disorder.

confuso, -a confused, dim, indistinct, bewildering.

conjurar conjure, implore.

conjuro m. conjuration, incantation.

conmigo pron. pers. with me.

conmover stir, affect.

conocer know, be acquainted with, recognize; —se know each other.

conque conj. so then, and so.

conquistar conquer, subdue.

conseguir attain, obtain, gain.

consentido, -a spoiled.

considerable adj. considerable.

consigo pron. pers. with one's self, with himself, etc..

consolar console, comfort.

consorte m. f. husband, wife.

constancia f. constancy, firmness, determination.

Constantinopla pr. n. f. Constantinople.

consuelo m. consolation.

consumir consume, burn out.

contar recount, relate, tell, tell off, count, consider, look upon; —— con count upon, reckon with; con vos no cuento I pass you by.

contemplar contemplate, behold, gaze at, look at, meditate.

contenerse restrain one's self, keep one's temper.

contento m. contentment, joy, mirth.

contigo pron. pers. with thee.

continente m. manner, mien, gait.

contino adv. constantly, continually; de —— continually.

continuo, -a continual, constant.

contra prep. against; en —— against.

conversión f. conversion, reform.

convertir convert, reform, change; —se en change to, become.

convidar invite, entice, allure.

convocar convoke, summon.

convulso, -a convulsive.

copa f. foliage, branches.

corazón m. heart, breast, love, courage, spirit.

cornudo, -a horned.

coro m. chorus.

corona f. crown.

coronar crown.

corredor m. corridor, gallery.

correr run, meet with, pass, pass away, flow.

corresponder return, requite, reciprocate.

corriente f. current, stream.

corro m. group, circle.

corromper pollute.

corrompido, -a polluted, foul.

cortar cut.

corte f. court, retinue.

cortejar court, woo.

cosa f. thing, matter; gran —— much.

Cosaco m. Cossack.

cosecha f. harvest; de mi —— of my invention.

coyuntura f. joint.

cráneo m. skull.

crear create.

crecer grow, rage, increase.

creer believe, think.

crescendo Ital. crescendo.

crespón m. crape.

criatura f. creature, being, man.

crimen m. crime.

crispante adj. shivery.

crisparse twitch.

cristal m. crystal, glass.

cristalino, -a crystalline, transparent, bright.

Cristo pr. n. m. Christ, image of Christ.

crudeza f. severity, cruelty.

crudo, -a raw.

cruel adj. cruel, intolerable.

crujido m. crackling.

crujir clash, click, clank, crack, crackle, creak, rustle.

cruz f. cross.

cruzar cross, pass, pass through, cruise.

cuadrar befit, suit.

cuadro m. picture, scene.

cuajar coagulate, coat over.

cual adv. like, as.

cuál pron. interrog. which, which one, what, what one.

cualquier, -a any whatever; —— ... que whoever, whichever, whatever.

cualquiera pron. any one, either one.

cuán adv. how.

cuando conj. when, if, in case; —— ... —— now ... now, at one time ... at another.

cuanto adv. as much as, all that; en —— a with regard to, as to; —— más ... tanto más the more ... the more.

cuánto, -a prop. interrog. how much; como —— about how much.

cuaresma f. Lent.

cuarto, -a fourth.

cuatrocientos, -as four hundred.

cubrir cover, veil, shroud.

cuello m. neck, throat.

cuenta f. count, reckoning, account; dar —— explain, report, give account; pedir —— bring to account, demand account of.

cuento m. tale, story.

cuerdamente adv. sensibly.

cuerno m. horn.

cuerpo m. body; —— muerto corpse.

cuidado m. care, anxiety.

cuidadoso, -a careful.

culpa f. fault.

culpar blame, accuse.

culto m. worship, homage, veneration, respect.

cumbre f. summit, crest, peak.

cumplir fulfill, accomplish, satisfy, keep; cúmplase tu voluntad thy will be done.

curso m. course.

cuyo, -a pron. rel. whose.

chancearse joke, jest.

charca f. pool.

chasco m. joke, fiasco, disappointment.

chimenea f. fireplace, hearth, stove.

chispa f. spark, flash.

chiste m. jest.

chocar strike, combat, clash, encounter, collide.

dado m. die.

dale interj. (expressive of displeasure) hang it, come, again; —— con tocar a muerto plague take this funeral tolling.

dama f. lady.

danza f. dance.

danzar dance.

dar give, give out, strike, cause, tell, make, grant, pay, render, forebode; —— en persist in; —— por perdida consider lost; qué diantre me da what the deuce do I care.

de prep. of, than, from, by, with, at, to, in, on account of, for, about, on, as; más —— past.

debajo de prep. under, underneath.

deber have to, must, ought, can.

deber m. duty.

débil adj. feeble, weak.

decidido, -a decided, devoted, determined.

decir say, speak, tell, call.

decisión f. decision, determination, resolution.

declinar decline, sink.

dedo m. finger.

dejar leave, quit, abandon, forsake; —— de stop, cease.

delante adv. before, in front, ahead; —— de prep. in front of, before.

deleite m. pleasure, delight.

delicado, -a delicate, sweet.

delicia f. delight.

delicioso, -a delicious, delightful.

delirante adj. delirious, raving.

delirar rave, dote.

delirio m. delirium, madness, rapture, rant, idle talk.

delito m. crime.

demasía f. excess.

demasiado, -a too much, too great.

demonio m. devil, demon.

denso, -a dense, thick.

dentro adv. within; —— de prep. within.

denuesto m. insult, abuse.

derecho m. right.

derramar shed.

derredor m. circuit; en —— de round about, around.

desafiar challenge, defy.

desafío m. duel, combat.

desahogo m. relief, alleviation, comfort.

desalentado, -a discouraged, abject.

desasirse disengage one's self, break loose, extricate one's self.

desatar untie, undo, loosen, let loose; —se break loose, break out.

desatento, -a unmindful, heedless, rude.

desatino m. folly, wildness, reeling.

descansar rest, repose, sleep.

descarnado, -a emaciated, fleshless, bare.

descender descend, go down, sink.

descolorido, -a colorless, pale.

desconocer not know, be ignorant of, ignore.

desconsuelo m. trouble, affliction.

descortés adj. discourteous, ill-bred, impudent.

descortesía f. discourtesy.

descreer disbelieve, deny, discredit, disown.

descubrir discover, reveal, expose, uncover, make known.

descuidado, -a care-free.

desde prep. from.

desdén m. disdain, scorn, contempt.

desdeño m. disdain, scorn.

desdeñoso, -a scornful, contemptuous.

desdicha f. unhappiness, wretchedness, misery.

desdichado, -a unhappy, unfortunate, wretched.

desear desire, covet.

desembozar unmuffle.

desengaño m. disillusion.

deseo m. desire, longing.

desesperación f. despair.

desesperado, -a desperate, despairing, hopeless.

desfallecer weaken, swoon, fail, give way.

desgarrar rend.

desgracia f. misfortune, sorrow, unhappiness.

desgraciado, -a unfortunate, hapless, miserable.

deshacer undo, break.

deshojado, -a leafless, petalless, blighted.

desierto, -a deserted, lonely.

desierto m. desert.

desigual adj. uneven, dissimilar.

deslizarse glide along, slip along.

desmayado, -a faint, swooning.

desmayar be discouraged, be faint, swoon.

desmayo m. drooping, swooning, faltering.

desmentir belie, deny, dissemble.

desnudo, -a naked, unsheathed, drawn.

despacio adv. slowly.

desparecer disappear, vanish.

despecho m. spite, insolence, anger, despair, dismay; a —— de in spite of; a su —— in spite of himself.

despedida f. farewell.

despego m. indifference, coldness, coyness.

despeñado, -a headlong.

despeñar precipitate, fling down.

despertar awaken, arouse, break, dawn.

despierto, -a awake, brisk.

desplegado, -a flowing.

desplegar unfold, unfurl, hoist; —se unfold, spread.

despojos m. pl. remains.

despreciar spurn, neglect, reject.

desprender(se) fall, tear, separate, issue from, arise, relax one's hold, let go.

desprendido, -a loosened, falling, torn, broken.

después adv. afterward, then.

despuntar begin to dawn.

desquiciarse be unhinged, shake.

destellar flash, twinkle.

desterrar banish, exile.

destilar drip.

destino m. destiny, fate, lot.

devanecerse vanish, disappear, fade away.

desvanecido, -a dizzy, vague, faint.

desvarío m. delirium, raving.

desventura f. misfortune, misery.

detener detain, stop, halt.

detenido, -a stagnant.

determinado, -a determined, resolute, resolved.

detrás adv. behind, after.

devaneo m. giddiness, frenzy, mad passion.

devorar devour, consume.

devoto, -a devout, pious.

día m. day; ——s life; hoy en —— nowadays; un —— some day, once.

diablo m. devil.

diabólico, -a diabolical.

diamante m. diamond, adamant.

diantre m. deuce.

dibujar outline, delineate; —se be outlined, throw a shadow, be visible.

dictar dictate, prescribe.

dicha f. happiness, delight.

dichoso, -a happy, fortunate, precious, blessed.

Diego pr. n. m. James.

diente m. tooth.

diestra f. right hand.

diez card. ten.

difunto, -a deceased (one), dead (one).

dilatar overspread, suffuse, expand.

diligencia f. assiduity, effort, haste, business, affair.

dinero m. money.

Dios m. God.

diosa f. goddess.

disculpar excuse, exonerate.

discurrir flow, course.

disfrutar enjoy, profit, reap the benefit.

disipar dissipate, scatter, put to flight, drive away; —se be dissipated, be scattered.

disolver dissolve, dissipate, scatter, disperse.

disparate m. folly, piece of folly, blunder.

distante adj. distant, afar.

distinguir distinguish, see clearly.

distraído, -a distracted, absentminded.

diverso, -a various, dissimilar, different.

divertir amuse.

dividir divide, separate, cut, cleave.

divino, -a divine, heavenly.

do adv. where; a —— whither, where.

dó adv. interrog. where.

doblar bend.

doble m. tolling; dar ——s toll.

doctrina f. doctrine, wisdom, teaching.

doliente adj. suffering, sorrowful.

dolor m. grief, sorrow, pain, anguish.

dolorido, -a afflicted, grief-stricken, painful, doleful, heart-sick.

doloroso, -a painful.

don m. Don, sir.

doncella f. maiden.

donde adv. where.

dónde adv. interrog. where, whither; en —— where.

dondequiera adv. everywhere, anywhere.

doquiera adv. wherever, everywhere.

dorado, -a golden.

dormido, -a sleeping, slumbering.

dormir sleep; —se go to sleep.

dos card. two; los —— both.

dramático, -a dramatic.

ducado m. ducat (former coin worth about $3).

duda f. doubt.

dudar doubt, hesitate.

dudoso, -a doubtful, uncertain, indistinct, nebulous, hesitating.

duelo m. sorrow, grief, duel, combat.

dueña f. duenna.

dulce adj. sweet, soft, gentle, pleasant.

dulcísimo, -a very sweet.

dulzura f. sweetness.

durar last, endure.

duro, -a hard, cruel, unbearable, heavy.

e conj. and.

eco m. echo.

echar throw, cast, cast away, deal, put.

Edén pr. n. m. Eden.

edificio m. building, edifice.

ejército m. army.

el, la, lo, los, las, art. the; —— que, etc., pron. rel. he who(m), the one who(m), who, that which.

él, ella, ello, pron. pers. he, him; she, her; it.

elevar raise; —se rise.

elocuente adj. eloquent.

Elvira pr. n. f. Elvira.

ella pron. pers. she, her, it.

ellas pron. pers. they, them.

embalsamarse be perfumed.

embargar overwhelm, seize, overcome, impede.

embebecido, -a absorbed, enraptured.

embeleso m. rapture.

embestir assail, attack.

embolismo m. confusion, maze, embarrassment, falsehood.

embolsarse pocket.

embozado m. muffled one.

embozar cloak, muffle.

embriagar intoxicate, transport, enrapture; —se get intoxicated.

empañar dim, tarnish.

empapar soak, steep.

empedernido, -a hard-hearted.

empeñarse persist, insist.

empeño m. determination, desire.

empero adv. however, notwithstanding.

empezar begin.

empleo m. employment, use.

emponzoñar poison, taint.

empuje m. impulse.

empuñar grasp, grip.

en prep. in, into, at, for, among, on, upon, with, of, to, against, by, over, like; —— que when.

enamorado, -a enamored, loving, in love.

enamorar inspire love, woo; —se de fall in love with.

encadenar enchain, shackle.

encantador, -a enchanting, delightful.

encantar charm, delight, fascinate.

encanto m. charm, fascination, enchantment, spell.

encapotar cloak, cover.

encapuchado, -a hooded one.

encender light, kindle, enkindle; —se glow.

enclavar nail, fasten.

encomendar commend.

encono m. rancor, ill-will, malevolence.

encontrar meet, meet with, find.

encubrir cover, conceal, hide.

encuentro m. meeting, encounter; a su —— to meet him.

endiablado, -a diabolical, bedeviled.

endurecer harden, cake.

enemigo, -a hostile, unfriendly.

engalanar adorn.

engañador, -a deceiving.

engañar deceive, beguile.

engaño m. deception, illusion.

engañoso, -a deceptive, false.

engendro m. abortion, monster, progeny.

enhiesto, -a upright, erect.

enjugar wipe.

enjuto, -a lean, wasted, dried up.

enlazar join, clasp.

enlutado, -a in mourning, veiled, muffled.

enmudecer grow dumb, grow silent.

enojarse be angry, be displeased, get angry.

enojo m. anger, vexation, displeasure, annoyance.

enojoso, -a troublesome.

enredar entangle, ensnare.

ensueño m. dream, fantasy, illusion.

entena f. yard, spar.

entender understand, know, hear; —— de be familiar with, be interested in.

entero, -a entire, whole.

enterrar bury.

entierro m. funeral, burial, funeral procession.

entonar sing.

entonces adv. then.

entrada f. entrance, coming, beginning.

entrambos, -as both.

entrañas f. pl. entrails, bowels, recesses.

entrar enter, come in, advance, begin.

entre prep. between, among, in, amid, within, to; —— sí to himself; —— tanto meanwhile; de —— out of; por —— through, between, among.

entregar hand over, give, pay.

entretanto adv. meanwhile; —— que conj. while.

entretener entertain, divert, amuse, occupy.

enturbiar disturb, derange, cloud.

envenenar poison.

enviar send.

envidar stake, open a game of cards by staking a sum.

envidiar envy.

envilecido, -a degraded, disgraced.

envite m. stake, bet.

envolver envelop, enwrap, enfold.

erguido, -a erect, straight.

errante adj. wandering.

escaldar scald.

escalón m. step.

escapar(se) escape, flee.

escape m. escape, flight.

escena f. scene.

esclavo, -a m. f. slave.

escoger choose, select, cull.

esconder conceal, veil, hide.

escribir write.

escuchar hear, listen to, listen; —se be heard.

escudo m. escudo (a coin); shield, protection.

escupir spit upon.

ese, -a adj. dem. that.

ése, -a, eso, pron. dem. that one, that.

esfera f. sphere, heaven, orb.

esmeralda f. emerald.

espacio m. space.

espada f. sword.

espalda f. back, shoulder; ——s back.

espantado, -a frightened, astonished.

espantar frighten, terrify, intimidate.

espanto m. fright, consternation, fear.

espantoso, -a frightful, horrible.

esparcir scatter, shed, spread.

espectro m. specter, ghost.

espejo m. mirror.

esperanza f. hope.

esperar await, wait for, expect, hope.

espeso, -a thick, dense.

espina f. thorn.

espiral f. spiral line.

espirante adj. dying.

espirar expire.

espíritu m. spirit, mind, soul, courage; ——s spirits, demons.

espléndido, -a splendid.

esplendor m. splendor, magnificence, glory; de —— glorious.

esposa f. wife, spouse, betrothed.

esposo m. husband, spouse, betrothed.

espuela f. spur.

espuma f. foam, froth.

esqueleto m. skeleton, framework.

estación f. season.

estado m. state, condition.

estallar burst, crack, detonate.

estallido m. crackling.

estampido m. report, crash.

estancia f. room, mansion, abode.

estanque m. pond, pool.

estar be; —— en sí be in one's senses.

estatua f. statue.

este, -a adj. dem. this.

éste, -a, esto, pron. dem. this one, this.

estima f. esteem, respect.

estocada f. stab.

estorbar forbid, hinder.

estrechar press, clasp.

estrecho, -a narrow.

estrella f. star.

estremecerse shake, tremble.

estrépito m. din, clamor, noise.

estruendo m. din, pomp, turmoil, clatter.

estudiante m. student.

estúpido, -a stupid, dull.

éter m. ether, sky.

eterno, -a eternal, everlasting.

Europa f. Europe.

evangelio m. gospel.

evaporarse evaporate, pass away, vanish.

exaltar exalt, praise.

examinar examine, scrutinize.

exclamar exclaim.

exento, -a free.

exhalar breathe forth, exhale, emit, utter.

exigir demand, exact, require.

existencia f. existence, life.

expiación f. expiation, atonement.

éxtasis m. ecstasy.

extático, -a ecstatic.

extender(se) extend, stretch out, spread, prolong.

extranjero, -a foreign.

extraño, -a strange.

extremo m. end; llevar al —— terminate.

fábrica f. structure.

fácil adj. easy, easily persuaded.

fada f. fairy, sprite.

faena f. task, work, labor, toil.

falaz adj. deceitful, deceptive, fallacious.

falda f. skirt, lap.

falso, -a false, treacherous, feigned, simulated, mock.

faltar fail, be missing, be lacking, give way.

fallido, -a frustrated, amiss.

fama f. reputation, report, rumor; es —— it is said.

famoso, -a famous, renowned, notorious.

fanal m. lantern, light, beacon.

fanfarrón m. boaster, bully.

fango m. mud, mire, slime.

fantasía f. fancy, imagination, caprice, whim.

fantasma m. f. phantom, ghost, specter, scarecrow.

fantástico, -a fantastic, imaginary.

farsa f. farce, humbug.

fascinar fascinate.

fatal adj. fatal, ominous, unfortunate.

fatídico, -a baleful, sinister.

fatigado, -a weary.

favor m. favor, protection, help.

faz f. face, aspect.

fe f. faith, honor, trust; a ——- in truth; a —— mía upon my word.

fecundar fertilize, make fruitful.

fecundo, -a fecund, teeming.

Félix pr. n. m. Felix.

feliz adj. happy, blessed, fortunate.

feo, -a ugly, homely.

féretro m. bier.

feroz adj. fierce, cruel.

férreo, -a iron.

fértil adj. fertile.

fervor m. fervor, ardor, zeal.

festín m. feast, banquet.

fétido, -a fetid, stinking, foul.

Fez pr. n. f. Fez.

fiado, -a trusting.

fiar trust; —— de trust in.

fiel adj. faithful, true.

fiereza f. fierceness, hardness.

fiero, -a fierce, cruel, savage, furious, terrible, rude.

fiesta f. festival, feast, celebration, rejoicing, merriment.

figura f. figure, face, form.

figurar fashion, sketch, represent; —se imagine, fancy.

fijar fix, fasten, determine.

fijo, -a fixed, fastened, determined.

fin m. end; al —— at last, finally, after all; en —— at last, finally, in short, after all; por —— at last; sin —— endless, endlessly.

fingido, -a feigned, false.

fingir feign, imagine.

firme adj. firm, unswerving, unshaken, resolute, stout, stanch.

flaco, -a frail, weak.

Flandes pr. n. f. Flanders.

flébil adj. mournful.

flojo, -a feeble, weak.

flor f. flower, blossom.

florecer blossom, bud, cover with flowers.

florido, -a blooming, flower-filled, flowery.

flotante adj. floating.

fondo m. depth, farthest end.

forcejear struggle.

forma f. form, shape, figure.

formar form, make, engender.

fórmula f. formula, form.

fortuna f. fortune, fate, good fortune.

forzoso, -a necessary.

fosfórico, -a phosphorescent.

fragante adj. fragrant.

frágil adj. fragile, frail, weak.

fragor m. crash, noise.

fragrancia f. fragrance.

Franco pr. n. m. Franco.

franja f. fringe, band, border.

frenético, -a frenzied, mad, furious, frantic.

frente f. brow, face, head, forehead, intellect; —— a opposite, in front of, before; a su —— straight ahead.

fresco, -a fresh.

frescura f. coolness, luxuriant verdure, freshness.

frío, -a cold, indifferent, unsympathetic, unruffled; sangre fría sang-froid, coolness, calmness.

frío m. cold.

frívolo, -a frivolous.

fruncir knit (the brow).

fuego m. fire, ardor, flame, passion; prender —— set fire.

fuente f. spring, fountain, source.

fuera adv. outside; —— de prep. out of.

fuero m. privilege, statute law.

fuerza f. force, strength, might.

fugaz adj. fleeting.

fugitivo, -a fugitive, fleeting, fleeing, flying.

fúlgido, -a bright, resplendent.

fulgor m. gleam.

fulgoroso, -a shining, flashing.

fulgurante adj. shining.

fúnebre adj. funereal, lugubrious, mournful.

funeral adj. funeral, funereal, lugubrious.

funesto, -a doleful, dismal, sinister, fatal.

furia f. rage.

furioso, -a furious, mad, raging, violent.

furor m. rage, fury.

futuro, -a future.

gala f. grace, gem, choicest part (of a thing); ——s finery.

galán m. gallant, dandy.

galanura f. elegance, showiness, gorgeousness.

galería f. gallery.

galvánico, -a galvanic.

gallardo, -a graceful, bold.

ganancia f. winning.

ganar win.

gasa f. gauze.

gastar waste, fling away, wear out.

gemido m. groan, moan, sigh.

gemir moan, howl, whistle.

generoso, -a noble, illustrious, excellent, generous.

gente f. people, race, nation.

gentil adj. elegant, handsome, graceful.

gesto m. face, expression, gesture.

girar revolve, hover, whirl.

giro m. turn, motion, roll, circling.

gloria f. glory, fame, pleasure, bliss, honor, heaven.

glorioso -a glorious.

goce m. joy.

golpe m. stroke, blow, knock, striking, clash, throw, cast.

golpear(se) strike, hit, beat.

gorjear warble, trill.

gótico, -a Gothic.

gozar rejoice, take delight, enjoy; —— de enjoy; —se rejoice.

gozo m. joy, pleasure, delight.

grabar engrave.

gracia f. grace, charm, gracefulness; ——s thanks.

gradería f. steps; —— de caracol torcida spiral staircase.

grajo m. jackdaw, crow.

grana f. scarlet.

grande adj. great, important.

grandeza f. greatness, grandeur.

grandioso, -a great, impressive.

grato, -a pleasing.

grave adj. heavy.

gritar cry, shout, cry out.

gritería f. outcry, shouting, screaming.

grito m. cry, howl.

grotesco, -a grotesque.

grupo m. group.

guarida f. den, lurking-place.

guerra f. war; mover —— wage war.

guerrero, -a warlike, of war.

guerrero m. warrior, soldier.

guía m. f. guide, leader.

guiar guide, direct.

guirnalda f. garland, wreath.

gustar please.

haber have; impers. be; —— de have to, be to, be going to, must, can; hay there is; no haya let there not be.

habitación f. dwelling, residence, room, suite.

habitar live, reside, lie.

hablador, -a talking, prattling.

hablador, -a m. f. talker, prattler.

hablar talk, speak, address.

hacer do, make, effect, bring about, cause, commit; —— aprecio de note; —— bien give alms, aid; —— caso de take notice of, heed; —— juego make the bets; hecho el juego bets closed; —— pedazos break to pieces, tear; —se become, turn to, get; —se el bigote curl one's mustache; impers. se hace tarde it is growing late.

hacia prep. toward.

hado m. fate.

halagar flatter, allure, soothe.

hallar find; -se be.

hambre f. hunger.

hambriento, -a hungry, eager.

harapo m. rag, tatter.

hartar satisfy, gratify.

harto, -a sated.

hasta adv. even; prep. to, up to, down to, until, as many as; —— que conj. until.

hastiar bore, weary, disgust.

hecho, -a made, done; a lo ——, pecho make the best of it.

hecho m. deed.

helado, -a icy, cold, frozen.

helar freeze, congeal.

hembra f. female, woman.

henchir fill.

hender cleave.

heredar inherit.

herencia f. inheritance, heritage.

herir strike, smite, wound, affect.

hermana f. sister.

hermano m. brother.

hermoso, -a beautiful, fair.

hermosura f. beauty.

héroe m. hero.

herradura f. horseshoe, hoof-print.

hervir boil, seethe, swarm.

hidalgo, -a noble.

hiel f. gall, bitterness.

hielo m. ice.

hijo m. son; ——s children.

hilera f. file.

hinchar swell.

histérico, -a hysterical.

historia f. history, tale, story.

hoguera f. bonfire.

hoja f. leaf, petal, wing of a door.

hola interj. hello.

hollar tread upon, trample upon, ride over, humble.

hombre m. man; buen —— my good fellow.

hombro m. shoulder.

hondo, -a deep, profound.

hondo m. bottom, depth.

honroso, -a honorable.

hora f. hour, time; a buena —— opportunely; en mal —— o en buena well and good; ——s muertas idle hours.

horizonte m. horizon.

horrendo, -a horrible, dreadful.

horrible adj. horrible.

hórrido, -a hideous, horrible.

horrísono, -a horrisonous.

horror m. horror, fright.

horrorizado, -a stricken with horror.

hospital m. hospital, poorhouse.

hoy adv. to-day, now, the present time; —— en día nowadays.

hoyo m. hole, grave, pit.

hueco, -a hollow, resounding, empty.

hueco m. hollow, hole, gap, concavity.

hueso m. bone.

huésped m. guest, stranger; casa de ——es lodging-house.

huída f. flight.

huir flee, escape, disappear.

humano, -a human.

humear emit fumes, reek, smoke.

húmedo, -a damp, wet.

humildemente adv. humbly.

humo m. smoke, fumes.

hundido, -a sunken, hollow.

hundir sink.

huracán m. hurricane, storm.

hurra interj. hurrah.

ideal adj. ideal, imaginary.

iglesia f. church.

igual adj. equal; me es —— it is all the same to me; por —— equally.

igualar equal, consider equal.

iluminar illumine, enlighten, illuminate, light.

ilusión f. illusion, fancy, self-deception, mockery.

ilusorio, -a illusory, delusive, deceptive.

ilustre adj. illustrious, noble, celebrated, distinguished.

imagen f. image, statue, likeness, picture, conception, fancy, appearance.

imaginación f. imagination, fancy, mind.

imaginar imagine, fancy, believe, conceive.

impaciente adj. impatient.

impávid, -a undaunted.

imperial adj. imperial.

impetuoso, -a violent, fierce.

impiedad f. impiety, impiousness.

impío, -a impious, profane, wicked, godless.

implacable adj. implacable, relentless.

implorar implore.

imponer impose.

importar impers. matter, concern.

importunar disturb, harass.

importuno, -a troublesome, ill-timed, vexatious, importunate, unreasonable.

imposible adj. impossible.

impotencia f. helplessness.

impulso m. impulse, force.

impuro, -a impure, foul.

inagotable adj. never-failing, inexhaustible.

incentivo m. incentive.

incierto, -a uncertain, unknown, doubtful, unsteady, wandering, restless.

inclinar incline, bend, bow, droop, nod.

indiferencia f. indifference.

indiferente adj. indifferent.

indomable adj. indomitable.

inefable adj. ineffable, unutterable.

infalible adj. infallible.

infante m. child.

infeliz adj. unhappy, wretched.

infernal adj. infernal.

infiel adj. faithless (one).

infierno m. hell, infernal region.

infinito, -a infinite, endless.

inflamarse blaze.

informe adj. ill-shapen, uncanny, inarticulate.

infortunio m. misfortune, misery, calamity.

infundir infuse, instill, inspire.

inglés, -a English.

Inglés m. Englishman.

ingrato, -a ungrateful (one), ingrate.

injuria f. insult.

inmensidad f. immensity, vastness, infinity, unbounded greatness.

inmenso, -a immense, infinite, vast.

inmortal adj. immortal.

inmóvil adj. motionless, fixed, set, unaffected.

inmundo, -a dirty, obscene, unclean.

inocente adj. innocent, young.

inquieto, -a restless, uneasy, anxious, disturbed, agitated.

inquietud f. uneasiness, anxiety, disquietude, restlessness.

insano, -a insane, mad.

insensible adj. indifferent, without feeling.

insigne adj. renowned, famed, distinguished.

insistir insist, persist.

insolencia f. insolence.

insolente adj. insolent.

inspirar inspire, impart.

instante m. instant, moment.

insultar insult.

insulto m. insult.

intención f. intention, purpose, mind.

intenso, -a intense, intent, keen.

intentar attempt, endeavor, try.

interponerse interpose, intervene.

interrumpir interrupt.

intrépido, -a courageous, dauntless.

inundar flood, deluge.

inútil adj. useless.

invencible adj. invincible.

invención f. invention.

invisible adj. invisible, unseen.

ir go, be, be at stake; —— + gerund go on, keep; —— a be about to, be going to; —se go away, go; allá voy I am coming; me va en ello mi fama my reputation is at stake in it; quién va who goes there; vamos come now, well; vamos andando let us be off; van los cincuenta I bet fifty.

ira f. anger, ire.

iracundo, -a wrathful.

ironía f. irony.

irónico, -a ironical.

irreligioso, -a irreligious.

irreverencia f. irreverence, disrespect.

irritar anger, excite, arouse, provoke, nettle, exasperate.

izquierdo, -a left.

jamás adv. never, ever.

jardín m. garden.

jaula f. cage.

jerezano, -a of Jerez.

Jesús pr. n. m. Jesus.

joven adj. young, youthful.

joya f. jewel.

Juan pr. n. m. John.

júbilo m. glee, joy.

juego m. game, sport, play, playing; hacer —— make the bets; hecho el —— bets closed.

jugador m. player, gambler.

jugar play, sport, frolic, gamble.

jugo m. juice.

juguete m. plaything, toy, sport.

juicio m. judgment, sense, reason, mind.

juntar join, unite, touch, knit; —se gather, assemble, join, meet, approach.

junto, -a joined, united, connected.

junto adv. near, close; —— a prep. near, close to.

juntura f. joint, seam.

jurar swear.

juventud f. youth.

juzgar judge, think.

la art. f. the; pron. pers. acc. her, it; pl. them; pron. pers. dat. to her, to it; —— que pron. dem. and rel. she who, the one who, who.

labio m. lip.

lado m. side, place.

lago m. lake.

lágrima f. tear.

lamentable adj. deplorable.

lamentar lament, bewail, bemoan.

lamento m. lament, lamentation, wail, wailing cry.

lámpara f. lamp, light.

lance m. incident, love-affair, affair of honor.

languidez f. languor, weakness, faintness.

lánguido, -a languid, gentle, apathetic, faint, weak, feeble.

lanza f. lance, spear.

lanzar throw, fling, cast, let loose, emit, utter; —se dart, rush.

lares m. pl. lares, home.

largo, -a long; pl. many.

lastimar hurt, wound, move to pity; —se grieve, be sorry, be moved to pity.

lastimero, -a sad, mournful.

latido m. throbbing.

lava f. lava.

lazo m. bond, tie, knot; toils, web, snare.

le pron. pers. dat. acc. him, her, it.

lector m. reader.

lecho m. bed, couch.

lejano, -a distant.

lejos adv. far, far away, afar; a lo —— in the distance; de —— from afar, at a great distance.

lengua f. tongue.

lenguaje m. language, speech, tongue.

lento, -a slow.

leña f. wood, firewood.

les pron. pers. dat. acc. them.

letal adj. deadly.

letra f. letter; ——s letters, literature, lore.

levantar raise, lift up, erect, set up; —se rise, get up, stand up.

leve adj. light, slight, delicate.

ley f. law, religion.

libertad f. liberty, freedom.

librar free, preserve, save.

libre adj. free, open, innocent, alone.

lid f. contest, conflict, fight.

ligar bind.

ligeramente adv. slightly, lightly.

ligero, -a slight.

límite m. limit, bound.

limosna f. alms, charity.

límpido, -a limpid, pure, clear.

limpieza f. limpidity, purity, clearness.

lino m. linen.

lira f. lyre.

lisonjero, -a flattering, pleasing, cajoling.

liviano, -a frivolous, lewd.

lívido, -a livid.

lo art. neut. the; pron. pers. acc. it, him; —— que pron. dem. and rel. what, that which; —— que es por as for, when it comes to.

lóbrego, -a lugubrious, mournful, gloomy, obscure, dismal, dark, sad.

loco, -a mad, wild, crazy.

locura f. madness, folly.

lodo m. mire.

lograr attain, gain.

loma f. hillock, ridge.

lona f. canvas.

lontananza f. distance.

los art. pl. m. the; pron. pers. acc. them; —— que pron. dem. and rel. those who, the ones who.

losa f. slab, stone.

lozano, -a luxuriant, sprightly.

lúbrico, -a slippery, lewd.

lucero m. bright star, morning star, star.

luciente adj. shining.

Lucifer pr. n. m. Lucifer.

luchar struggle.

luego adv. then, at once, presently, soon, next, subsequently.

lugar m. place, town.

lúgubre adj. sad, mournful, dismal.

lujo m. luxury, finery.

lumbre f. light.

luminoso, -a luminous, shining, bright.

luna f. moon.

luz f. light, illumination, flame, taper, lamp.

Luzbel pr. n. m. Lucifer, Satan.

llagar wound.

llama f. flame, light.

llamar call, summon, knock, name, call upon, invoke; —se be named; cómo os llamáis what is your name.

llanto m. weeping, tears.

llegar arrive, come; —— a come to, succeed in, happen to, reach; or simply takes the signification of the verb to which it is joined: llegó a ver he saw.

llenar fill, pervade.

lleno, -a full, filled.

llevar carry, bear, bring, wear, take, carry away; —— + p. p. have; —— al extremo terminate; —se algo take something away.

llorar weep, mourn, weep for, mourn for.

macedonio, -a Macedonian.

macizo, -a solid, massive.

madre f. mother.

maestro, -a masterly, principal, main; obra ——a masterpiece.

magia f. magic, charm.

mágico, -a magic, magical, wonderful.

mal adv. badly, ill, hardly, poorly.

mal m. evil, wrong, harm, injury, sorrow, misfortune.

Málaga m. Malaga wine.

maldecido, -a accursed, wicked.

maldecir curse.

maldiciente adj. cursing, profane.

maldición f. malediction, curse.

maleza f. underbrush, thicket.

malo, a bad, wicked, evil, obnoxious, poor; ¡mal caballero! scoundrel!

malvado, -a criminal, wicked, insolent.

manantial m. spring, source.

manar flow, trickle.

mancebo m. young man, youth.

mancilla f. spot, blemish.

mancha f. spot, stain.

manchar stain.

mandato m. command.

manía f. madness, whim.

mano f. hand.

mansamente adv. gently.

mansión f. mansion, abode.

manto m. mantle, cloak.

mañana adv. to-morrow.

mañana f. morning, morrow.

mar m. ("Pirata" l. 39), f. (l. 34), sea, deep; a ——es abundantly.

maravilla f. wonder, marvel, miracle.

marcar mark, stamp.

marco m. frame.

Marcos pr. n. m. Mark.

marcha f. march.

marchar walk, march.

marchitado, -a faded, withered.

marchitarse wither, fade, die.

mareo m. nausea, dizziness.

margen m. f. edge, brink, bank, border.

María pr. n. f. Mary.

marido m. husband, spouse.

mariposa f. butterfly.

mármol m. marble.

martirio m. martyrdom, torture, grief.

mas conj. but.

más adv. more, most, rather; —— de past; —— que especially as; el, la —— the most; no —— only, no longer.

masa f. mass.

matar kill, slay.

materia f. material, matter.

matiz m. tint, hue.

matrimonio m. marriage.

mayo m. May.

mayor adj. greater; el, la —— the greatest.

me pron. pers. dat. acc. me, myself.

mecer rock, sway; —se be rocked, rock.

medida f. measure; sin —— unmeasured.

medio, -a half, middle; media noche midnight.

medio m. middle, midst; en —— in the midst, nevertheless; en —— de in the midst of.

medroso, -a terrible, terrifying, timid.

mejilla f. cheek.

mejor adj. better; el ——- the best.

melancolía f. melancholy.

melancólico, -a melancholy.

melodía f. melody.

memoria f. memory, mind, remembrance.

mendigo m. beggar, mendicant.

menear stir, shake.

mengua f. shame, disgrace.

menos adv. less, least; ——- que less than.

mente f. mind, thought, intellect.

mentido, -a false.

mentir lie, deceive.

mentira f. lie, falsehood, falsity.

mercader m. trader, merchant.

merced f. mercy; a —— de at the mercy of.

merecer merit, deserve, be worth.

mesa f. table.

metal m. metal.

metálico m. cash, money.

mezclar mix, mingle, unite, jumble; —se be mingled, take part, meddle.

mezquino, -a miserable, wretched, petty.

mi adj. poss. my.

mí pron. pers. me, myself.

miedo m. fear; hacer —— de make afraid of.

miel f. honey.

mientras adv. meanwhile; conj. while; —— que while.

Miguel pr. n. m. Michael.

mil card. thousand.

millar m. thousand.

mina f. mine, source of supply.

mío, -a pron. poss. my, mine.

mirada f. glance, look, gaze.

mirar look at, contemplate, regard, see, behold, watch, notice; —se entre sí look at each other.

misa f. mass.

miserable adj. miserable, wretched.

miseria f. misery, wretchedness.

mísero, -a miserable, wretched.

mismo, -a same, very, self, own.

misterioso, -a mysterious.

místico, -a mystical.

modo m. way, manner; de tal —— in such a way.

mofa f. sneer, jeer.

mofar de scoff at, flout.

molestar trouble, disturb, grate upon.

momento m. moment, instant; al —— in a moment, immediately.

monarca m. monarch.

monótono, -a monotonous, slow, dull.

montaña f. mountain.

Montemar pr. n. Montemar.

montón m. heap.

monumento m. monument.

morada f. abode.

morador, -a inhabitant.

morar dwell, abide, inhabit, lodge in.

morder bite.

Moreto pr. n. Moreto.

moribundo, -a dying.

morir(se) die, expire, go out.

mortal adj. mortal, deadly, fatal.

mortal m. mortal, being, man.

mortífero, -a deadly, noxious.

mostrar show, point out, indicate.

motivo m. motive, reason, cause.

mover move, stir, sway, drive; —— guerra wage war; —— la planta walk; —— los ojos roll one's eyes; —— los pies walk; —se move, walk.

movimiento m. movement, motion, startled movement, agitation, thrill, stirring.

mucho adv. much.

mudo, -a dumb, silent, still, mute.

mueca f. grimace.

muerte f. death.

muerto, -a dead, lifeless, dying.

muerto, -a m. f. dead person, corpse.

muestra f. indication, token, proof.

mujer f. woman, wife.

mula f. mule.

mullido, -a soft.

mundano, -a worldly, of the world.

mundo m. world, earth, society.

murmullo m. murmuring, rippling.

murmurar murmur.

muro m. wall.

música f. music, melody.

mutuo, -a mutual.

muy adv. very, very much.

nacarado, -a pearly, nacreous.

nacer be born, spring up.

naciente adj. nascent, growing, budding, dawning.

nación f. nation.

nada pron. nothing, not anything.

nada adv. not at all, not.

nadie pron. no one, any one.

naipe m. card.

nariz f. nose, nostril.

náufrago, -a wrecked, coming from a wreck.

nave f. ship, vessel.

navegar sail.

navío m. ship.

nebuloso, -a nebulous, hazy.

necesitar need.

necio, -a foolish.

néctar m. nectar.

negar deny, refuse.

negro, -a black, dark.

nervio m. nerve.

nervioso, -a nervous.

ni conj. neither, nor, or; —— ... —— neither ... nor.

niebla f. mist, haze, fog.

nieve f. snow, extreme whiteness.

ninfa f. nymph.

ninguno, -a adj. pron. no, no one, none, not any.

niño m. child, boy.

no adv. not, no; que ——- no.

noble adj. noble, eminent, worthy, honorable.

nobleza f. nobility.

noche f. night; de —— by night, at night;

media —— midnight.

nombrar name, mention.

nombre m. name.

nos pron. pers. dat. acc. us.

nosotros, -as pron. pers. we, us.

novela f. novel.

nube f. cloud.

nublo m. storm cloud.

nudo m. knot, noose.

nuestro, -a adj. pron. our, ours, of ours.

nuevo, -a new, unfamiliar, newly arrived, fresh, additional.

nunca adv. never, ever.

nupcial adj. nuptial.

nutrir nourish.

o interj. oh.

o conj. or, either; —— ... —— either ... or.

obedecer obey.

objeto m. object, thing.

obligarse bind one's self, be obliged.

obra f. work; —— maestra masterpiece.

ocasión f. occasion, time, opportunity.

occidente m. west, occident.

oculto, -a concealed, hidden, secret.

odioso, -a odious, hateful.

ofender offend, make angry, insult.

ofrecer offer, present; —se offer, occur, present itself.

oh interj. oh.

oído m. ear, hearing.

oír hear, listen, listen to; —se be heard.

ojalá interj. would to God.

ojo m. eye, sight.

ola f. wave, billow.

olor m. odor.

oloroso, -a fragrant.

olvidar forget.

olvido m. oblivion, forgetfulness, neglect.

onda f. wave.

ondeante adj. waving, flowing.

ondear wave.

ondina f. undine, water-sprite.

ondular undulate, rise and fall.

onza f. doubloon (former gold coin, = about $16).

ópalo m. opal.

óptico, -a optical; —— vidrio telescope.

opulento, -a rich, wealthy.

ora conj. now; —— ... —— now ... again, at one time ... at another.

orador m. orator.

orgía f. orgy.

orgulloso, -a proud, haughty.

original adj. original, curious.

oro m. gold, gold coin, wealth, riches; ——s diamonds (as a suit of playing-cards).

os pron. pers. dat. acc. you, yourself.

osadía f. boldness, audacity, effrontery.

osado, -a daring, bold, defiant.

oscuridad f. darkness, obscurity, gloom.

oscuro, -a dark, gloomy, confused.

ostentar show, display.

otero m. hill.

otro, -a adj. pron. other, another.

padecer m. suffering, pain.

padre m. father; ——s fathers, parents, ancestors.

padrino m. sponsor.

paje m. page.

palabra f. word, promise.

palabrería f. wordiness.

palacio m. palace, mansion.

pálido, -a pallid, pale, faint.

palmada f. slap, applause, clapping.

palmo m. span (8 inches).

palpar feel, grope, know; —se feel, grope.

palpitante adj. quivering, throbbing.

palpitar beat, quiver, flutter.

pan m. bread.

par adj. equal; a —— alike; a —— que just as, while; a la —— at the same time, equally; al —— de like, as well as.

para prep. for, to, in order to; ser —— be enough to.

parabién m. congratulation; dar el —— congratulate.

paradero m. halting-place, end.

páramo m. paramo, desert, wilderness.

parar stop, halt, stake; —se stop, halt.

parar m. lansquenet (a game of cards).

parche m. drum.

pardiez interj. by God.

pardo, -a dark gray, brown, dark.

parecer appear, seem, resemble, look like; al —— seemingly, apparently.

pared f. wall.

párpado m. eyelid.

parte f. part; de —— de from, by command of; por todas ——s everywhere.

pasada f. passing; de —— in passing.

pasado m. past.

pasar pass, go by, end.

pasión f. passion.

paso m. step, gait, footstep, tread, passing; —— de andadura ambling gait; al ——, de ——, in passing.

pastor m. shepherd.

Pastrana pr. n. Pastrana.

patear stamp upon.

patio m. court, courtyard.

patria f. native country, fatherland, home.

patrio, -a paternal, native.

pausado, -a deliberate, leisurely.

pavesa f. embers.

pavimiento m. pavement, floor.

pavor m. fear, terror.

pavoroso, -a frightful, exciting fear, terrifying, terrible.

pavura f. fear, terror.

paz f. peace, quiet.

pecado m. sin.

pecador, -a sinful, wicked, wretched.

pecho m. breast, chest, bosom, heart, courage; a lo hecho, —— make the best of it.

pecho m. tribute; dar —— pay tribute.

pedazo m. piece; a ——s to pieces, in pieces; hacer ——s break to pieces, tear.

pedestal m. pedestal, foundation.

pedir ask, ask for, beg, demand; —— cuenta bring to account, demand account of.

pedrería f. precious stones.

pena f. punishment, penalty, agony, trouble, anxiety, sorrow, pain; ánima en —— soul in purgatory.

pendencia f. quarrel, dispute, row.

pendón m. banner, flag.

penetrar penetrate, pierce.

penoso, -a painful.

pensamiento m. thought, mind.

pensar think, consider, plan, mean, intend; —— en think of.

pensil m. beautiful garden.

peñasco m. large rock.

perder lose, squander, ruin, undo; —se be lost, go astray, disappear, vanish; dar por perdido consider lost.

perdido, -a lost, ruined, done for, beside one's self, vanished, defeated, wandering.

perdidoso, -a losing, loser.

perdón m. pardon, forgiveness.

perdonar pardon, forgive.

peregrino, -a strange, wonderful.

perezoso, -a sluggish.

pérfido, -a perfidious, treacherous.

perfumado, -a sweet-scented, perfumed.

perfume m. perfume, fragrance, sweet odor.

pero conj. but, however.

perpetuo, -a perpetual, continual.

perro m. dog.

perseguir pursue, importune, beset.

persona f. person; ——s dramatis personae.

pesar weigh, consider, be valuable, repent.

pesar m. sorrow, trouble, repentance; a su —— in spite of himself.

peso m. weight.

pie m. foot; alzarse de —— rise to one's feet; en —— standing; mover los ——s walk; ponerse de —— arise, stand up.

piedad f. pity, mercy.

piedra f. stone.

pintar paint, depict, describe; —se be painted, be depicted.

pintura f. picture, painting.

pirata m. pirate.

pisada f. footstep.

pisar tread upon.

placentero, -a pleasant, pleasing.

placer please.

placer m. pleasure, rejoicing.

plan m. plan.

planta f. sole of foot, foot, project, design; mover la —— walk.

plañir sob, whimper, lament.

plata f. silver.

playa f. shore, beach, strand; sin —— boundless.

plaza f. square.

plebe f. populace, common people.

plegaria f. prayer.

pliegue m. fold.

poblar inhabit.

pobre adj. poor.

pobreza f. poverty.

poco adv. little; —— a —— little by little, gradually;

por —— for a trifle.

poder be able, may, can; impers. be possible; puede que perhaps, maybe.

poder m. power.

poderoso, -a powerful, mighty, wealthy.

poeta m. poet.

Polonia f. Poland.

polvo m. dust.

pomo m. pommel, hilt.

pompa f. pomp, splendor.

poner put, place, instill, fix, set, make, turn, offer, give; —— pavor a uno make one afraid; —se a begin to; —se de pie arise, stand up.

poniente adj. setting.

ponzoñoso, -a poisonous.

popa f. poop, stern; en —— astern, aft; viento en —— before the wind, with a wind from astern.

por prep. for, on account of, by, to, through, over, across, for the sake of, on, at; conj. —— qué why.

porfía f. obstinacy, persistence.

porque conj. because, in order that.

portento m. prodigy, miracle, portent.

porvenir m. future.

pos adv. prep.: en —— behind, after.

positivamente adv. positively, certainly.

postrado, -a prostrate, kneeling.

postrero, -a last.

precipitado, -a precipitate, headlong, rash, abrupt.

precipitar(se) precipitate, hasten, rush headlong, hurry.

precursor, -a m. f. precursor, herald, harbinger.

preguntar ask, inquire, question.

premática f. pragmatic (a law).

prender catch, take, bind, fasten; —— fuego set fire.

presa f. capture, prize.

présago, -a presaging, ominous.

présago m. presage, omen.

presentar present, offer, show.

presente adj. present.

presente m. present.

prestar lend, give, add, ascribe.

presumir presume, imagine, dare.

presuroso, -a prompt, quick, light.

prevenirse prepare.

previsión f. foresight, foreboding, presentiment.

primavera f. spring.

primero, -a first, former.

príncipe m. prince.

prisa f. haste.

proceloso, -a tempestuous.

procurar procure, obtain, secure.

prodigio m. prodigy, marvel.

prodigioso, -a extraordinary, exquisite.

profundo, -a deep, low, profound, great.

profundo m. abyss, hell.

prolongar(se) prolong, continue, extend.

prometer promise.

pronto, -a ready.

pronto adv. quickly, soon; de —— suddenly.

pronunciar pronounce, utter, say.

propio, -a own.

prorrumpir break out, burst forth.

protección f. protection.

provocar provoke, rouse, incite.

público, -a public, general, common.

pudor m. modesty.

pueblo m. people, town, nation.

puerta f. door, gateway, entrance.

puerto m. harbor, port.

pues adv. then, well; conj. for, since.

puesta f. setting.

pugnar struggle.

punto m. spot, speck, point, moment; al —— immediately, at once.

punzante adj. sharp, piercing, pricking, stinging, acrid.

puñal m. dagger.

pureza f. purity, chastity, innocence.

purísimo, -a very pure, most pure.

puro, -a pure, chaste, holy, clear, unsullied, unblemished, mere, sheer, absolute.

que conj. than, for, as, since, that, so that, let; de —— that.

que pron. rel. which, that, who, whom; en —— when.

qué interj. what, how.

qué interrog. what, why; por —— why.

quebrantar break, transgress, shatter, split, weaken.

quebranto m. affliction, grief, sorrow.

quedar(se) stay, remain, be left.

queja f. complaint, lamentation, plaintive cry, moan.

quejarse complain, lament.

quejido m. moan, complaint.

quemado, -a burning.

quemar burn.

querer love, like, desire, want, seek, wish, accept, cover, accept a challenge or bet, be on the point of.

querido, -a dear, beloved.

quien pron. rel. who, which, whom, one who.

quién pron. interrog. who.

Quijote pr. n. m. Quixote.

quimera f. chimera, fancy, quarrel, row.

quimérico, -a chimerical, fantastic.

quince card. fifteen.

quinto, -a fifth.

quitar(se) take away, remove, take off.

quizá adv. perhaps.

rabia f. rage, fury.

ración f. ration, allowance of food.

radiante adj. radiant.

ráfaga f. gust, blast, burst.

rama f. branch, bough.

ramaje m. branches.

ramo m. branch.

rápido, -a rapid, quick, swift, nimble, fleeting.

raro, -a strange, unusual.

rasgar tear, rend.

raudal m. torrent, stream.

raudo, -a rapid, swift, precipitate..

raya f. stripe, streak.

rayar border upon.

rayo m. ray, thunderbolt, beam, light.

razón f. reason, reasoning.

realidad f. reality.

realizar realize, make real, bring about.

rebelde adj. rebellious.

rebramar bellow.

recatado, -a cautious, careful, prudent.

recato m. modesty, prudence, coyness.

recelo m. misgiving, apprehension, fear.

receloso, -a distrustful, terrifying, fearsome.

recibir receive, take, accept.

recio, -a strong, loud, severe, rigorous.

recobrar recover.

recoger gather, collect, take in, receive, shelter.

recogido, -a retired, absorbed, secluded.

reconcentrado, -a concentrated, intense.

reconocer recognize, know.

recordar remember, recall.

recorrer pass through, examine.

recrear delight, gladden.

recuerdo m. recollection, memory.

rechazar repel, reject.

rechinamiento m. gnashing.

rechinar creak, gnash.

rededor m. environs; al —— de around.

redoblar redouble.

redoble m. roll.

redor cf. rededor; en —— round about.

reflejar reflect.

reflejo m. light, gleam, glimmer.

refregar rub.

refulgente adj. resplendent, brilliant.

regalar make merry, cheer, entertain, delight; —se feast, make merry, fare sumptuously.

regar lave, water.

regio, -a royal, regal, magnificent.

región f. region, realm.

registrar examine, scan.

regocijar gladden, brighten.

reina f. queen.

reinar reign.

reír laugh; —se laugh; —-se de laugh at.

relámpago m. lightning flash.

relinchar whinny, neigh.

reloj m. clock, timepiece.

remiso, -a slow.

remolino m. whirl, whirling, vortex, eddy, whirlwind.

remontarse rise, soar, tower.

remordimiento m. remorse.

remover remove, move, take away.

rencor m. grudge, hatred.

rendido, -a worn out, overcome.

rendir surrender, give up, overcome, yield.

renegar de deny, abhor, denounce, curse, protest against.

renglón m. line.

reñidor, -a quarrelsome.

reñir quarrel, fight.

reparar defend, recover.

reparo m. advice, warning, remark, objection.

repente m. sudden movement; de —— suddenly.

repentino, -a sudden.

repetir repeat.

reponer reply.

reposar repose, rest.

reposo m. rest, sleep.

réprobo, -a reprobate, wicked one.

repugnante adj. repulsive, loathsome.

requerir examine, lay hold of.

resbalar slip away, glide, pass over, touch.

resistir resist, endure, withstand.

resolución f. resolution, determination.

resolver resolve, determine.

resonar resound, ring out, echo.

respirar breathe, exhale, inhale.

resplandor m. light, radiance, brightness, glow.

responder respond, reply, answer.

respuesta f. reply, answer.

resucitar return to life.

resuelto, -a resolved, determined.

retumbar tremble.

retorcer twist; —se writhe, be wrung.

retrato m. portrait, picture.

retumbar resound, reëcho.

reunir unite, gather.

reventar burst forth.

revés m. reverse; al —— contrariwise.

revestir clothe, robe.

revuelto, -a agitated, restless, disordered, topsy-turvy, winding, wrapped, clad.

rey m. king, monarch.

rezar pray, recite.

rezo m. prayer, devotions.

rico, -a rich, abundant, plentiful, fine.

ridículo, -a ridiculous, strange, absurd.

rielar shimmer, glisten.

rienda f. rein; a —— suelta at full gallop.

riesgo m. danger.

rifar raffle, bid.

rigidez f. rigidity.

rígido, -a rigid, severe, rigorous.

río m. river, stream.

riqueza f. richness, riches, wealth.

risa f. laughter.

rival m. rival.

rizar ripple.

robar rob; —— a steal from.

roble m. oak tree.

roca f. rock, cliff.

rodar roll, be tossed about, abound.

rodear surround.

rodilla f. knee; de ——-s kneeling.

roedor, -a gnawing.

roer gnaw, consume, harass.

rogar pray.

rojo, -a red, crimson, ruby.

romper break, break down, destroy, shatter, dash.

ronco, -a hoarse, raucous, harsh.

ronda f. rounds, circular dance, dance.

ropa f. garment, raiment, clothing.

ropaje m. apparel, gown, robe.

rosa f. rose.

rosado, -a rosy, roseate.

rostro m. face, countenance.

roto, -a broken, destroyed, shattered.

rudo, -a rude, rough, hard.

rueda f. wheel, circle, turn.

ruego m. request, entreaty.

rugido m. roaring.

rugir roar, bellow.

ruido m. noise, din, sound.

ruinoso, -a ruinous, crumbling.

ruiseñor m. nightingale.

rumbo m. course.

rumor m. noise, sound.

sábado m. Saturday, Sabbath.

saber know, learn, find out.

sabroso, -a tasty, delicious, palatable.

sacro, -a holy, sacred.

sacudido, -a harsh, jerky.

sacudir shake, shake off, strike.

sagrado, -a sacred, holy.

Salamanca pr. n. f. Salamanca.

salir come out, go out, get out, emerge, issue, turn out, appear, show up; —— de leave, get out.

saltar(se) jump, spring, flash.

saludar salute, greet.

san (santo) saint.

sandio, -a foolish, stupid, silly.

sangre f. blood, gore; —— fría sangfroid, coolness, calmness.

sangriento, -a bloody, gory.

santidad f. holiness, godliness.

santo, -a holy, saint, blessed.

sarcasmo m. sarcasm.

sargento m. sergeant.

sastre m. tailor.

Satanás m. Satan.

satánico, -a Satanic.

sátira f. satire.

satisfacción f. satisfaction.

sauce m. willow.

Scévola pr. n. m. Scaevola.

se pron. refl. 3d pers. dat. acc. m. f. sing. pl. him, himself, herself, itself, themselves; one another, each other; dat. of 3d pers. pron. to you.

secar parch, consume, dry up, wither.

seco, -a dry, dried up, barren, withered, lean, bony.

secreto, -a secret, hidden.

sed f. thirst.

seductor, -a seducing.

seductor m. seducer.

segar mow, reap.

seguida f. continuation; en —— forthwith, immediately.

seguir follow, succeed, pursue, go on, continue.

según prep. according to.

segundo, -a second.

seguro, -a secure, safe, confident, certain, unfailing, stanch; mal —— unsafe, insecure.

seis card. six.

sellar seal, cover.

sello m. seal, stamp, mark.

semblante m. countenance, face.

semejante adj. similar, like, resembling.

semejar resemble, be like.

sempiterno, -a eternal.

Sena pr. n. f. Siena.

seno m. bosom, breast, depths.

sensación f. sensation, feeling.

sentar suit, place, plant, become, set; —se sit down.

sentenciar condemn.

sentido m. sense; sin —— senseless, unconscious.

sentimiento m. sentiment, feeling, emotion, regret, grief.

sentir(se) feel, regret, be sorry, hear, perceive, foresee.

seña f. sign.

señalar point out, mark out, make known, name.

señor m. lord, señor, gentleman, sir, Mr..

señora f. lady, madam.

separar separate, part.

sepulcral adj. sepulchral.

sepulcro m. grave, tomb.

sepultar bury, entomb.

sepultura f. grave, tomb.

ser be; —— para be enough to; es de temer it is to be feared; es de ver you should see; no sea que lest, for fear that; sea ... sea whether ... or.

ser m. being.

serafín m. seraph, angel.

sereno, -a serene, quiet, calm, placid, fair, peaceful.

sermón m. sermon, talk, advice.

servir serve; —— de serve as; —se de make use of.

sesenta card. sixty.

severo, -a severe, stern, serious, rigorous, strict.

si conj. if, when, whether; —— no otherwise, unless; —— ... —— whether ... or; y —— no unless, otherwise.

sí pron. refl. sing. pl. m. f. himself, herself, etc..

sí adv. yes, ay, indeed, certainly; que —— yes.

sí m. assent, consent.

siempre adv. always, ever.

sien f. temple.

sierpe f. serpent.

silbar whistle.

silbo m. whistling.

silencio m. silence, quiet, repose.

silencioso, -a silent.

silfa f. sylph.

sílfide f. sylph.

silla f. saddle.

sin prep. without; —— que conj. without.

siniestro, -a left.

sino adv. conj. but, only, except.

sino (signo) m. fate, mark.

siquier, siquiera, conj. whether, although, at least; no —— not even; —— ... —— whether ... or.

sitio m. place, spot, site.

soberano, -a sovereign, supreme.

sobra f. surplus; ——s leavings.

sobre prep. over, above, on, upon; estar —— sí be self-possessed.

sociedad f. society.

Sócrates pr. n. m. Socrates.

sol m. sun.

soldado m. soldier.

soledad f. solitude, loneliness; de —— deserted.

solemne adj. solemn, impressive, grave.

soler be accustomed, be wont.

solitario, -a solitary, lonely, isolated.

solo, -a alone, single, solitary, only; a solas alone, privately.

sólo adv. only; tan —— only.

soltar let go, loosen, utter; —— una carcajada burst out laughing.

sollozante adj. sobbing.

sombra f. shadow, shade, darkness, trace, vestige, wraith, spirit.

sombrero m. hat.

sombrío, -a somber, dark, overcast, cloudy, gloomy, melancholy, sullen.

són m. sound, noise, manner.

sonar sound, resound.

soneto m. sonnet.

sonido m. sound, peal.

sonoro, -a sonorous, resounding, loud, harmonious.

sonreír smile.

sonrisa f. smile.

soñar dream, imagine, dream of.

soplo m. gust, breath.

sórdido, -a dirty, nasty.

sordo, -a dull, stifled, muffled, quiet.

sorpresa f. surprise.

sosegado, -a calm, calmed, peaceful.

sosiego m. calmness, peace, quiet.

sota f. jack, knave.

Stambul pr. n. Stamboul.

su adj. poss. his, her, its, their, your.

suave adj. soft, mellow, delicate, gentle.

suavísimo, -a very soft, very gentle, very sweet.

subir raise, mount, ascend, climb; —se mount, rise.

súbito, -a sudden.

súbito adv. suddenly; de —— suddenly.

sublime adj. sublime, majestic, heroic.

suceder a succeed, follow.

sudor m. sweat.

suelo m. ground, earth, floor.

suelto, -a loose, flowing, swift; a rienda suelta at full gallop.

sueño m. sleep, slumber, dream, vision, fancy.

suerte f. luck, fortune, fate, lot; a otra —— de esos dados another cast of those dice.

sufrir suffer, permit, tolerate.

sujetar subdue, overcome.

sujeto, -a held fast, conquered.

suntuoso, -a sumptuous, luxurious.

supremo, -a supreme.

suspender suspend, hang.

suspirar sigh; —— de long for.

suspiro m. sigh.

susurrar whisper, murmur.

susurro m. whispering, murmuring.

suyo, -a adj. poss. his; el —— pron. poss. his.

tabla f. board, plank.

tácito, -a silent, quiet, stealthy.

tacto m. touch.

tachonado, -a betrimmed.

tajante adj. keen-cutting (sc. sword).

tal adj. pron. such, so, thus; —— vez perhaps, occasionally, now and then.

tálamo m. bridal couch.

talante m. appearance, disposition.

talle m. figure, appearance.

taller m. factory, workshop.

tallo m. stalk, stem.

también adv. too, moreover, likewise.

tan adv. so, such; —— ... como as ... as; —— sólo only.

tanto, -a adj. so much, so great; pl. so many.

tanto adv. so much, so, such; cuanto más ... —— más the more ... the more; en —— while, meanwhile; entre —— meanwhile; —— como as long as; —— más the more.

tapar cover, veil, muffle.

tapiz m. tapestry.

tararear hum.

tardar(se) delay, take long, be long in coming, tarry.

tarde adv. late, too late; se hace —— it is growing late.

tarde f. afternoon, evening.

tardo, -a slow, tardy, sluggish.

tarifa f. tariff, price.

tartáreo, -a Tartarean, infernal.

te pron. pers. thee, thyself.

tea f. torch.

techo m. roof, ceiling.

tejer weave, contrive.

temblar tremble at, fear, quiver, twitch, tremble.

temblor m. trembling, tremor, shiver.

tembloroso, -a trembling.

temer fear.

temerario, -a rash, impetuous, reckless, daring.

temeridad f. rashness.

temeroso, -a timid, fearful.

temor m. fear.

témpano m. sheet (of ice etc.).

tempestad f. tempest, storm.

templado, -a softened.

templo m. temple, church.

temprano, -a early, premature.

tender stretch out, extend, spread.

tenebroso, -a shadowy, gloomy.

tener have, keep, take, grasp; —— de + inf. be going to, must.

Tenorio pr. n. m. Tenorio.

tentar tempt.

teñir tinge, color.

tercero, -a third.

terco, -a obstinate.

Teresa pr. n. f. Theresa.

terminar end, consummate.

término m. term, end.

terneza f. softness.

ternura f. tenderness, affection.

terror m. terror.

terso, -a smooth, glossy, unwrinkled.

tertulia f. assembly, club.

tesoro m. treasure, wealth, riches.

ti pron. pers. thee.

Tibre pr. n. m. Tiber.

tiempo m. time, period, season; a un —— at once, at the same time; a un —— mismo at the very same time; de —— en —— from time to time; un —— once, formerly.

tienta f. probe; a ——s gropingly, feeling his way.

tierno, -a tender, soft, affectionate, young.

tierra f. land, country, earth, ground.

tigre m. tiger.

tímido, -a timid, shy.

tiniebla f. darkness, shadow.

tinta f. tint, hue, color.

tiple m. treble.

tirano m. tyrant.

tirar throw, throw away, cast, draw, pull, win; —— de pull, draw.

tocar touch, fall to one's share, hit; —— a muerto toll a funeral bell; dale con —— a muerto plague take this funeral tolling.

todavía adv. nevertheless, still, yet.

todo, -a all, every.

todo pron. everything, all; ——s everybody, all.

todo adv. entirely.

Toledo f. Toledo.

tomar take, take up.

tono m. tone, manner.

torbellino m. whirlwind.

torcer twist, wind, bend, turn, divert.

torcido, -a winding, twisting.

tormenta f. storm, tempest, hurricane, misfortune.

tormento m. torment, torture, anguish.

Tormes m. Tormes.

tornar return; —— a + inf. do again, repeat (an act).

torno m. turn; en —— round about; en —— de around, about.

torpe adj. slow, dull, awkward.

torre f. tower, spire.

torrente m. torrent, avalanche.

torreón m. strong tower.

tortura f. torture.

torvo, -a stern, severe, grim.

trabajar work, toil.

trabajo m. work, task, toil, labor.

traer bring, bear.

tragar swallow.

traje m. garb, apparel.

tranco m. stride.

tranquilo, -a tranquil, calm, peaceful, quiet.

transpirar transpire, appear.

trapo m. rag, sails; a todo —— all sails set.

tras prep. behind, after; —— de behind.

traslado m. likeness, imitation.

trasmontar sink beyond, set.

trasparente adj. transparent, clear.

traspasar pierce.

traspié m. slip, stumble; dar ——s stumble, reel.

trastornar disorder, confuse, upset.

trastorno m. disorder, confusion, disturbance.

trasunto m. likeness, copy.

trato m. agreement, bargain, treatment.

trecho m. distance.

tregua f. truce, respite.

tremendo, -a awful, terrible.

trémulo, -a trembling, flickering.

trescientos, -as three hundred.

triplicar triple.

triste adj. sad, sorrowful, dismal, gloomy, cheerless, wretched, sorry.

tristura f. sadness, sorrow.

triunfante adj. triumphant.

triunfo m. triumph, victory, success.

trocar change; —se be changed, change.

tromba f. waterspout.

tronar thunder.

tronchar break off a trunk.

trono m. throne.

trovador m. troubadour.

trueno m. thunder.

truhán, -a scoundrel.

tu adj. poss. thy.

tú pron. pers. thou.

tuétano m. marrow.

tumba f. tomb, grave.

tumbo m. fall, tumble, somersault.

túnica f. tunic, robe.

turbar disturb, daunt, shake, upset.

turbio, -a troubled, confused, dim, heavy.

turbión m. squall, heavy shower, hurricane.

turbulento, -a turbulent, tumultuous, disorderly.

Turco, -a m. f. Turk.

u conj. (before o or ho) or.

ufano, -a proud, content.

último, -a last, final.

ultraje m. outrage, insult.

umbrío, -a dark, shady.

un, una art. a, an.

únicamente adv. only.

único, -a only, sole, singular.

unir unite, join, bind.

universo m. universe, world.

uno, -a adj. pron. one; ——s some; de ——a en —-a one by one.

urna f. urn.

vadear ford.

vagar wander, roam, flit, drift, hover.

vago, -a wandering, wavering, vague, indistinct, hazy.

vagoroso, -a wandering, errant.

vaguedad f. vagueness; con —— vaguely, uncertainly.

valentía f. valor, courage.

valer be worth, help, avail; más vale it is better.

valeroso, -a valiant, brave.

valiente adj. valiant, brave, arrogant, blustering.

valor m. valor, courage, strength, force, might, amount, value.

valle m. vale.

vano, -a vain, idle, useless, presumptuous; en —— in vain, useless.

vapor m. vapor, mist, fumes.

vaporoso, -a ethereal, airy, shadowy, misty.

varón m. man.

varonil adj. manly, masculine.

vaso m. glass, vessel, vase.

vate m. bard.

veinte card. twenty.

vela f. sail, ship; a toda —— full sail.

velar veil.

velero, -a swift-sailing (ship).

veleta f. weathercock, vane.

velo m. veil.

veloz adj. swift.

vena f. vein.

vencedor, -a conquering, victorious.

vencedor, -a m. f. conqueror, victor.

vencer conquer, vanquish, overcome, subdue.

vencido, -a conquered, submissive, subdued.

venda f. bandage.

vendaval m. strong wind from the sea.

vender sell, set up for sale.

veneno m. poison, venom.

vengador, -a avenging.

venganza f. vengeance, revenge.

vengar avenge; —be revenged.

vengativo, -a avenging.

venir come, advance, approach, go; —— a succeed in; vengan los dados let's have the dice.

ventura f. happiness, fortune; sin —— wretched, hapless; sin —— de mí unfortunate me, woe is me.

venturoso, -a fortunate, happy.

ver see, behold, realize; —se be seen, can be seen, find one's self.

verdad f. truth.

verdadero, -a true, real, genuine.

vergüenza f. shame.

verter shed, cast.

vertiginoso, -a giddy, vertiginous.

vértigo m. vertigo, dizziness, confusion, dizzy course.

vestido m. dress, raiment, robe.

vestir dress, clothe, garb, enwrap.

vez f. time, turn; a veces at times; cada —— más more and more; en —— de instead of; otra —— again, once more; tal —— perhaps, occasionally, now and then.

viaje m. journey, passage, way, road.

viajero m. traveler.

vibrar vibrate, dart, cast, throw, flicker.

vicio m. vice.

víctima f. victim.

vida f. life.

vidrio m glass, window-pane; óptico —— telescope.

viejo, -a adj. old.

viejo, -a m. f. old man, old woman.

viento m. wind, breeze; —— en popa before the wind, with a wind from astern.

vigor m. vigor, strength, force.

vil adj. vile, base, despicable, mean, paltry.

villano m. low-born one, rustic, villain.

vino m. wine.

violento, -a violent, impetuous, furious.

virar tack, put about.

virgen adj. virgin, chaste.

virgen f. virgin.

virginal adj. virginal.

virtud f. power, virtue.

visión f. vision, sight, apparition, phantom.

vislumbrar descry, glimpse.

vista f. sight, glance, eye, appearance, look.

vívido, -a vivid, bright.

vivienda f. abode.

viviente adj. living.

viviente m. living being.

vivir live; vive Dios as God lives.

vivir m. life, existence.

vivo, -a living, alive, bright, quick.

volar fly, take flight, hasten, vanish, sail.

volcán m. volcano.

voluntad f. will, determination, desire.

volver return, come back, turn, direct, drive, restore; —— a + inf. do again; repeat (an act); —se return, turn, become.

vos pron. pers. you; yourself.

vosotros, -as pron. pers. you, ye.

votar vow; voto a Cristo by Christ.

voto m. vow, curse.

voz f. voice, word, shout, rumor, opinion.

vuelo m. flight, soaring.

vuelta f. turn; dar mil ——s turn a thousand times, whirl a thousand times, revolve a thousand times.

vuestro -a your.

y conj. and; —— ... —— both ... and.

ya adv. now, already, indeed, then, finally; no ... —— no longer; —— ... —— now ... now, at one time ... at another.

yacer lie.

yerba f. grass, weed.

yerboso, -a grassy, weed-grown.

yermo, -a waste, desert.

yermo m. wilderness, desert.

yerro m. mistake.

yerto, -a rigid, motionless, petrified.

yo pron. pers. I.

yugo m. yoke.

zafir m. sapphire.

zozobra f. worry, anguish, anxiety.

zumbar resound