| CHAPTER I. |
| | PAGE |
| THE FRAMEWORK OF THE BODY | [15] |
| The Bones—Their form and composition—The Properties of Bone—TheSkeleton—The Joints—The Spinal Column—The Growth of Bone—TheRepair of Bone. |
| CHAPTER II. |
| THE MUSCLES | [25] |
| The Muscles—Flexion and Extension—The Tendons—Contraction—PhysicalStrength—Necessity for Exercise—Its Effects—Forms ofExercise—Walking—Riding—Gymnastics—Open-air Exercise—Sleep—Recreation. |
| CHAPTER III. |
| THE INTEGUMENT, OR SKIN | [41] |
| The Integument—Its Structure—The Nails and Hair—The Complexion—TheSebaceous Glands—The Perspiratory Glands—Perspirationand its uses—Importance of Bathing—Different kinds of Baths—Mannerof Bathing—The Benefits of the Sun—Importance ofWarm Clothing—Poisonous Cosmetics. |
| CHAPTER IV. |
| THE CHEMISTRY OF FOOD | [53] |
| The Source of Food—Inorganic Substances—Water—Salt—Lime—Iron—OrganicSubstances—Albumen, Fibrin, and Casein—The Fats orOils—The Sugars, Starch, and Gum—Stimulating Substances—Necessityof a Regulated Diet. |
| CHAPTER V. |
| FOOD AND DRINK | [64] |
| Necessity for Food—Waste and Repair—Hunger and Thirst—Amountof Food—Renovation of the Body—Mixed Diet—Milk—Eggs—Meat—Cooking—VegetableFood—Bread—The Potato—Fruits—Purityof Water—Action of Water upon Lead—Coffee, Tea, and Chocolate—Effectsof Alcohol. |
| CHAPTER VI. |
| DIGESTION | [80] |
| The Principal Processes of Nutrition—The General Plan of Digestion—Mastication—TheTeeth—Preservation of the Teeth—Insalivation—TheStomach and the Gastric Juice—The Movements of theStomach—Gastric Digestion—The Intestines—The Bile and PancreaticJuice—Intestinal Digestion—Absorption by means of Blood-vesselsand Lacteals—The Lymphatic or Absorbent System—TheLymph—Conditions which affect Digestion—The Quality, Quantity,and Temperature of the Food—The Influence of Exercise andSleep. |
| CHAPTER VII. |
| THE CIRCULATION | [101] |
| The Blood—Its Plasma and Corpuscles—Coagulation of the Blood—TheUses of the Blood—Transfusion—Change of Color—The Organs ofthe Circulation—The Heart, Arteries, and Veins—The Cavitiesand Valves of the Heart—Its Vital Energy—Passage of the Bloodthrough the Heart—The Frequency and Activity of its Movements—ThePulse—The Sphygmograph—The Capillary Blood-vessels—TheRate of the Circulation—Assimilation—Injuries to the Blood-vessels. |
| CHAPTER VIII. |
| RESPIRATION | [123] |
| The Objects of Respiration—The Lungs—The Air-Passages—The Movementsof Respiration—Expiration and Inspiration—The Frequencyof Respiration—Capacity of the Lungs—The Air we Breathe—Changesin the Air from Respiration—Changes in the Blood—Interchangeof Gases in the Lungs—Comparison between Arterial andVenous Blood—Respiratory Labor—Impurities of the Air—Dust—CarbonicAcid—Effects of Impure Air—Nature's Provision forPurifying the Air—Ventilation—Animal Heat. |
| CHAPTER IX. |
| THE NERVOUS SYSTEM | [148] |
| Animal and Vegetative Functions—Sensation, Motion, and Volition—TheStructure of the Nervous System—The White and Gray Substances—TheBrain—Its Convolutions—Cerebellum—The SpinalCord and its System of Nerves—The Anterior and PosteriorRoots—The Sympathetic System of Nerves—The Properties of NervousTissue—Excitability of Nervous Tissues—The Functions of theSpinal Nerves and Cord—The Direction of the Fibres of the Cord—ReflexActivity and its Uses—The Functions of the Medulla Oblongataand the Cranial Ganglia—The Reflex Action of the Brain. |
| CHAPTER X. |
| THE SPECIAL SENSES | [177] |
| The Production of Sensations—Variety of Sensations—General Sensibility—Painand its Function—Special Sensation, Touch, Taste,Smell, Sight, and Hearing—The Hand, the Organ of Touch—TheSense of Touch—Delicacy of Touch—Sensation of Temperature andWeight—The Tongue the Organ of Taste—The Nerves of Taste—TheSense of Taste, and its Relations with the other Senses—TheInfluence of Education on the Taste—The Nasal Cavities, or theOrgans of Smell—The Olfactory Nerve—The Uses of the Sense ofSmell—The Sense of Sight—Light—The Optic Nerve—TheEyeball and its Coverings—The Function of the Iris—TheSclerotic, Choroid, and Retina—The Tears and their Function—TheMovements of the Eyeball—The Function of Accommodation—TheSense of Hearing and Sound—The Ear, orthe organ of Hearing—The External, Middle, and Internal Ear. |
| CHAPTER XI. |
| THE VOICE | [227] |
| Voice and Speech—The Larynx, or the Organ of the Voice—The VocalCords—The Laryngoscope—The Production of the Voice—The Useof the Tongue—The different Varieties of Voice—The Change ofVoice—Its Compass—Purity of Tone—Ventriloquy. |
| CHAPTER XII. |
| THE USE OF THE MICROSCOPE IN THE STUDY OFPHYSIOLOGY | [236] |
| The Law of Tissues—Necessity of the Microscope—Different kinds ofMicroscopes—Additional Apparatus—Preliminary Studies—TheStudy of Human Tissues—Tissues of the Inferior Animals—Incentivesto Study. |
| APPENDIX. |
| POISONS AND THEIR ANTIDOTES | [247] |
| GLOSSARY | [252] |