THE CONTENTS.

The Introduction: Containing a brief Account of the Solar System, and of the Fixed Stars.


Sect. I.

Of the Order and Periods of the Primary
Planets revolving about the Sun; and of
the Secondary Planets round their respective
Primaries.

———Of the Primary Planets[ 1]
———Of the Secondary Planets[ 5]
———Of the Annual and Diurnal Motion of the Planets[ 7]
———That the Planets are Opaque and Globular[ 9]
———That the Earth is placed betwixt the Orbits of Mars and Venus[ibid.]
———That the Planets turn round the Sun[ibid.]
———That the Earth also turns round the Sun[15]
———How the Annual and Diurnal Motion of the Planets are computed[ibid.]
———How the relative Distance of the Planets from the Sun are determined[18]
———How their absolute Distances from the Sun are computed[23]
———How the Magnitudes of the Planets are determined[26]
———Why the Moon appears bigger than any of the Planets[27]
———A Table of the Distances, Magnitudes, Periodical, and Diurnal Revolutions of the Planets[28]
———Of Comets[29]
Sect. II.Of the Fixed Stars[32]
———That the fixed Stars are luminous Bodies, at immense Distances from us[ibid.]
———Of Telescopical Stars[35]
———The Stars digested into Constellations[36]
———Of the Galaxy, or Milky Way[38]

The Description and Use of the Celestial and Terrestrial Globes.

The Geometrical Definition of a Globe, and of the principal Use of the Artificial Globes

[42]

That there will be the same prospect of the Fixed Stars, whether the Spectator be placed in the Sun, or on the Earth

[45]
Sect. I.

An Explanation of the Circles of the Sphere, and of some Astronomical Terms arising therefrom

[47]
———Of the Division of Time[69]
———Of the Atmosphere[81]
Sect. II.Geographical Definitions[84]
———Of the Situation of Places upon the Earth[ibid.]
———Of Zones and Climates[90]
———Of the Poetical Rising and Setting of the Stars[96]
———Of the surface of the Earth, considered as it is composed of Land and Water[ibid.]
———Of the appurtenances of the Globes[101]
Sect. III.The Use of the Globes[104]
Problem I.To find the Latitude and Longitude of any given place upon the Globe; and on the contrary, the Latitude and Longitude being given to find the Place[ibid.]
Prob. II.To find the Difference of Latitude betwixt any two given places[106]
Prob. III.To find the Difference of Longitude betwixt any two given places[ibid.]
Prob. IV.Any Place being given; to find all those places that are in the same Latitude with the said place[107]
Prob. V.The Day of the Month being given; to find the Sun’s place in the Ecliptic, and his Declination[108]
Prob. VI.To rectify the Globe for the Latitude, Zenith, and Sun’s place[109]
Prob. VII.To find the Distance between any two given Places upon the Globe, and to find all those places upon the Globe that are at the same Distance from a given place[110]
Prob. VIII.To find the Angle of a Position of Places; or the angle formed by the Meridian of one place, and a great circle passing through both the places[111]
Prob. IX.To find the Antœci, Periœci, and Antipodes, to any given place[113]
Prob. X.The Hour of the Day at one Place being given; to find the correspondent Hour (or what o’Clock it is at that time) at any other place[114]
Prob. XI.The Day of the Month being given; to find those places on the Globe where the Sun will be Vertical, or in the Zenith, that Day[115]
Prob. XII.A place being given in the Torrid Zone; to find those two Days in which the Sun will be Vertical to the same[116]
Prob. XIII.To find where the Sun is Vertical at any given time assigned; or, the Day of the Month and the Hour at any place (suppose London) being given, to find in what place the Sun is Vertical at that very time[ibid.]
Prob. XIV.The Day, and the Hour of the Day at one place, being given; to find all those places upon the Earth where the Sun is then Rising, Setting, Culminating (or on the Meridian); also where it is Day-light, Twilight, Dark Night, Midnight; where the Twilight then begins, and where it ends; the Height of the Sun in any part of the illuminated Hemisphere; also his Depression in the obscure Hemisphere[117]
Prob. XV.The Day of the Month being given, to show, at one View, the Length of Days and Nights in all Places upon the Earth, at that time; and to explain how the Vicissitudes of Day and Night are really made by the motion of the Earth round her Axis, in 24 Hours, the Sun standing still[119]
Prob. XVI.To Explain in general the Alteration of Seasons, or Length of the Days and Nights, made in all places of the World, by the Sun’s, or the Earth’s Annual motion in the Ecliptic[121]
Prob. XVII.To shew by the Globe, at one View, the Length of the Days and Nights, at any particular place, at all times of the Year[128]
Prob. XVIII.The Latitude of any place, not exceeding 69½ Degrees, and the Day of the Month being given; to the time of Sun-rising and Setting, and the length of the Day and Night[136]
Prob. XIX.To find the length of the longest and shortest Day and Night in any given place, not exceeding 66½ Degrees of Latitude[137]
Prob. XX.To find in what Latitude the longest Day is, of any given length less than 24 Hours[139]
Prob. XXI.A Place being given in one of the Frigid Zones (suppose the Northern) to find what number of Days (of 24 Hours each) the Sun doth constantly shine upon the same, how long he is absent, and also the first and last day of his appearance[140]
Prob. XXII.To find in what Latitude the longest Day is, of any given length, less than 182 natural Days[141]
Prob. XXIII.The Day of the Month being given; to find when the Morning and Evening Twilight begins and ends, in any place upon the Globe[142]
Prob. XXIV.To find the time when total Darkness ceases, or when the Twilight continues from Sun-setting to Sun-rising, in any given place[144]
Prob. XXV.The Day of the Month being given; to find those places of the Frigid Zones, where the Sun begins to shine constantly without setting; and also those places where he begins to be totally absent[146]
Prob. XXVI.The Latitude, the Sun’s Place, and his Altitude being given; to find the Hour of the Day, and Sun’s Azimuth from the Meridian[149]
Prob. XXVII.The Latitude, Hour of the Day, and the Sun’s Place being given; to find the Sun’s Altitude[150]
Prob. XXVIII.The Latitude of the Place, and the Day of the Month being given; to find the depression of the Sun below the Horizon, and his Azimuth, at any Hour of the Night[151]
Prob. XXIX.The Latitude of the Sun’s Place, and his Azimuth being given; to find his Altitude, and the Hour[152]
Prob. XXX.The Latitude, the Sun’s Altitude, and his Azimuth being given; to find his Place on the Ecliptic, and the Hour[ibid.]
Prob. XXXI.The Declination, and Meridian Altitude of the Sun, or of any Star being given; to find the Latitude of the Place[153]
Prob. XXXII.The Day and Hour of a Lunar Eclipse being known; to find all those Places upon the Globe in which the same will be visible[154]
Prob. XXXIII.The Day of the Month, and Hour of the Day, according to our way of reckoning in England, being given; to find thereby the Babylonish, Italic, and Jewish, or Judaical Hour[155]
Prob. XXXIV.To find the Right Ascension and Declination of the Sun, or any Fixed Star[156]
Prob. XXXV.To find the Longitude and Latitude of a given Star[158]
Prob. XXXVI.The Latitude of the Place, the Day of the Month, and the Hour being given; to find what Stars are then rising and setting, what Stars are culminating, or on the Meridian, and the Altitude and Azimuth of any Star above the Horizon; and also how to distinguish the Stars in the Heavens one from the other, and to know them by their proper Names[159]
Prob. XXXVII.The Latitude of the Place being given; to find the Amplitude, Oblique Ascension, and Descension, Ascensional Difference, Semi-diurnal Arch, and the time of Continuance above the Horizon, of any given Point in the Heavens[162]
Prob. XXXVIII.The Latitude and the Day of the Month being given; to find the Hour when any known Star will be on the Meridian, and also the time of its Rising and Setting[165]
Prob. XXXIX.To find at what time of the Year a given Star will be upon the Meridian, at a given Hour of the Night[166]
Prob. XL.The Day of the Month and the Azimuth, of any known Star being given; to find the Hour of the Night[167]
Prob. XLI.Two known Stars, having the same Azimuth, or the same Height, being given; to find the Hour of the Night[168]
Prob. XLII.The Latitude, Day of the Month, and the Altitude of any known Star being given; to find the Hour of the Night[169]
Prob. XLIII.Having the Latitude of the Place, to find the Degree of the Ecliptic, which rises or sets with a given Star; and from thence to determine the time of its Cosmical and Achronical Rising and Setting[171]
Prob. XLIV.Having the Latitude of the Place; to find the time when a Star rises and sets Heliacally[172]
Prob. XLV.To find the Place of any Planet upon the Globe, so by that Means to find its Place in the Heavens; also to find at what Hour any Planet will rise or set, or be on the Meridian, at any Day in the Year[173]
Prob. XLVI.To find all that space upon the Earth where an Eclipse of one of the Satellites of Jupiter will be visible[175]
The Descriptionof the ORRERY[177]
Of the Motions of the Planets in general[183]
Of the Stations and Retrogadations of the Planets[186]
Of the Annual and Diurnal Motion of the Earth[194]
Of the Phases of the Moon, and of her Motion in her Orbit[201]
Of the Eclipses of the Sun and Moon[208]
Of the Eclipses of Jupiter’s Satellites[212]

THE
INTRODUCTION,
CONTAINING

A Brief Account of the Solar System, and of the Fixed Stars.