Mental Philosophy: Including the Intellect, Sensibilities, and Will

by Joseph Haven

CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTION.

CHAPTER I.
			PAGE
ON THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF MENTAL SCIENCE.			[15]
Section.	I.	—Nature of the Science.	[15]
Section.	II.	—Importance of Mental Science.	[20]
CHAPTER II.
ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE MENTAL POWERS.			[27]
Section.	I.	—General Analysis.	[29]
Section.	II.	—Analysis of Intellectual Powers.	[31]
Section.	III.	—Historical Sketch—Various Divisions of the Mental Faculties.	[35]
DIVISION FIRST.
THE INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES.
PRELIMINARY TOPICS.
CHAPTER I.
CONSCIOUSNESS.			[39]
CHAPTER II.
ATTENTION.			[46]
CHAPTER III.
CONCEPTION.			[53]
PART FIRST.
THE PRESENTATIVE POWER.
SENSE, OR PERCEPTION BY THE SENSES.			[58]
Section.	I.	—General Observations.	[59]
Section.	II.	—Analysis of the Perceptive Process.	[61]
Section.	III.	—Analysis and Classification of the Qualities of Bodies.	[65]
Section.	IV.	—Organs of Sense—Analysis of their Several Functions.	[68]
Section.	V.	—Amount of Information derived from the Respective Senses.	[72]
Section.	VI.	—Credibility of our Sensations and Perceptions.	[81]
Section.	VII.	—Historical Sketch.	[84]
		I. Of different Divisions of the Qualities of Bodies.	[84]
		II. Of different Theories of Perception.	[87]
PART SECOND.
THE REPRESENTATIVE POWER.
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.			[94]
CHAPTER I.
MEMORY.			[96]
Section.	I.	—Mental Reproduction.	[96]
		I. Nature.	[96]
		II. Laws.	[101]
Section.	II.	—Mental Recognition, as distinguished from Mental Reproduction.	[113]
		I. General Character.	[113]
		II. What is implied in an Act of Memory.	[118]
		III. Qualities of Memory.	[118]
		IV. Memory as related to Intellectual Strength.	[121]
		V. Cultivation of Memory.	[125]
		VI. Effects of Disease on Memory.	[128]
		VII. Influence of Memory on the Happiness of Life.	[131]
		VIII. Historical Sketch—Different Theories of Memory.	[133]
CHAPTER II.
IMAGINATION.			[137]
Section.	I.	—General Character of this Faculty.	[137]
Section.	II.	—Relation to other Faculties.	[138]
Section.	III.	—Active and Passive Imagination.	[140]
Section.	IV.	—Imagination a simple Faculty.	[142]
Section.	V.	—Not merely the Power of Combination.	[144]
Section.	VI.	—Limited to Sensible Objects.	[147]
Section.	VII.	—Limited to new Results.	[148]
Section.	VIII.	—A Voluntary Power.	[149]
Section.	IX.	—Use and Abuse of Imagination.	[152]
Section.	X.	—Culture of Imagination.	[154]
Section.	XI.	—Historic Sketch—Various Definitions and Theories of Imagination by different Writers.	[158]
PART THIRD.
THE REFLECTIVE POWER.
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.			[162]
CHAPTER I.
THE SYNTHETIC PROCESS.—GENERALIZATION.			[165]
Section.	I.	—Nature of the Synthetic Process.	[165]
Section.	II.	—Province and Relation of several Terms employed to denote, in Part, or as a Whole, this Power of the Mind.	[172]
Section.	III.	—Historical Sketch—The Realist and Nominalist Controversy.	[177]
CHAPTER II.
THE ANALYTIC PROCESS—REASONING.			[180]
Section.	I.	—The Nature of the Process.	[181]
Section.	II.	—Relation of Judgment and Reasoning.	[187]
Section.	III.	—Different Kinds of Reasoning.	[188]
		I. Demonstrative.	[189]
		II. Probable—(1.) From Testimony; (2.) From Experience; (3.) From Analogy.	[192]
Section.	IV.	Use of Hypotheses and Theories in Reasoning.	[199]
Section.	V.	—Different Forms of Reasoning.	[203]
		I. Analysis of the Proposition.	[203]
		II. Analysis of the Syllogism.	[205]
		III. Laws of Syllogism.	[207]
		IV. Different Kinds of Syllogism.	[209]
		V. Different Forms of Syllogism.	[210]
		VI. Laws of Thought on which the Syllogism depends.	[212]
		VII. Use and Value of the Syllogism.	[213]
		VIII. Historical Sketch of the Science of Logic.	[219]
PART FOURTH.
INTUITIVE POWER.
CHAPTER I.
EXISTENCE AND NATURE OF THIS FACULTY.			[228]
CHAPTER II.
TRUTHS AND CONCEPTIONS FURNISHED BY THIS FACULTY.			[238]
Section.	I.	—Primary Truths.	[238]
Section.	II.	—Intuitive Conceptions.	[241]
		I. Space.	[241]
		II. Time.	[244]
		III. Identity.	[249]
		IV. Cause.	[257]
		V. Idea of the Beautiful and the Right.	[262]
CHAPTER III.
THE CONCEPTION AND COGNIZANCE OF THE BEAUTIFUL.			[263]
Section.	I.	—Conception of the Beautiful.	[263]
Section.	II.	—Cognizance of the Beautiful.	[286]
CHAPTER IV.
IDEA AND COGNIZANCE OF THE RIGHT.			[303]
Section.	I.	—Idea of Right—Whence comes the Idea.	[303]
Section.	II.	—Cognizance of the Right—1. Nature of Conscience; 2. Authority of Conscience.	[314]
SUPPLEMENTARY TOPICS.
CHAPTER I.
INTELLIGENCE IN MAN AS DISTINGUISHED FROM INTELLIGENCE IN THE BRUTE.			[329]
CHAPTER II.
MIND AS AFFECTED BY CERTAIN STATES OF THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM.			[342]
Section.	I.	—Sleep.	[343]
Section.	II.	—Dreams.	[351]
Section.	III.	—Somnambulism.	[360]
Section.	IV.	—Insanity.	[368]
DIVISION SECOND.
THE SENSIBILITIES.
PRELIMINARY TOPICS.
CHAPTER I.
NATURE, DIFFICULTY, AND IMPORTANCE OF THIS DEPARTMENT OF THE SCIENCE.			[377]
CHAPTER II.
ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE SENSIBILITIES.			[382]
PART FIRST.
SIMPLE EMOTIONS.
CHAPTER I.
INSTINCTIVE EMOTIONS.			[395]
Section.	I.	—Of that general State of Mind known as Cheerfulness, and its Opposite, Melancholy.	[396]
Section.	II.	—Sorrow at Loss of Friends.	[399]
Section.	III.	—Sympathy with the Happiness and Sorrow of Others.	[402]
CHAPTER II.
RATIONAL EMOTIONS.			[409]
Section.	I.	—Emotions of Joy or Sadness, arising from the Contemplation of our own Excellence, or the Reverse.	[409]
Section.	II.	—Enjoyment of the Ludicrous.	[413]
Section.	III.	—Enjoyment of the New and Wonderful.	[424]
Section.	IV.	—Enjoyment of the Beautiful, and the Sublime.	[427]
Section.	V.	—Satisfaction in View of right Conduct, and Remorse in View of wrong.	[434]
PART SECOND.
THE AFFECTIONS.
CHAPTER I.
BENEVOLENT AFFECTIONS.			[441]
Section.	I.	—Love of Kindred.	[442]
Section.	II.	—Love of Friends.	[447]
Section.	III.	—Love of Benefactors.	[452]
Section.	IV.	—Love of Home and Country.	[454]
CHAPTER II.
MALEVOLENT AFFECTIONS.			[458]
Resentment, with its Modifications, Envy, Jealousy, Revenge.			[458-469]
PART THIRD.
THE DESIRES.
CHAPTER I.
NATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF DESIRES.			[473]
CHAPTER II.
DESIRES ARISING FROM THE PHYSICAL CONSTITUTION.			[477]
CHAPTER III.
DESIRES ARISING FROM THE CONSTITUTION OF THE MIND.			[481]
Section.	I.	—Desire of Happiness.	[481]
Section.	II.	—Desire of Knowledge.	[487]
Section.	III.	—Desire of Power.	[490]
Section.	IV.	—Certain Modifications of the Desire of Power, as Desire of Superiority and Desire of Possession.	[493]
Section.	V.	—Desire of Society.	[501]
Section.	VI.	—Desire of Esteem.	[505]
CHAPTER IV.
HOPE AND FEAR.			[510]
DIVISION THIRD.
THE WILL.
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS.			[517]
CHAPTER I.
NATURE OF THE WILL.			[520]
Section.	I.	—Elements involved in an Act of Will.	[521]
Section.	II.	—Investigation of these Elements.	[523]
		I. Motive.	[523]
		II. Choice.	[526]
		III. Executive Volition.	[530]
CHAPTER II.
RELATION OF THE WILL TO OTHER FACULTIES.			[531]
CHAPTER III.
FREEDOM OF THE WILL.			[538]
Section.	I.	—Presumptions in Favor of Freedom.	[539]
Section.	II.	—Direct Argument.	[544]
CHAPTER IV.
CERTAIN QUESTIONS CONNECTED WITH THE PRECEDING.			[549]
Section.	I.	—Contrary Choice.	[549]
Section.	II.	—Power to do what we were not disposed to do.	[551]
Section.	III.	—Influence of Motives.	[554]
		I. Is the Will always as the greatest apparent Good.	[554]
		II. Is the Will determined by the strongest Motive.	[555]
		III. Are Motives the Cause and Volitions the Effect.	[556]
CHAPTER V.
THE DOCTRINE OF THE WILL VIEWED IN CONNECTION WITH CERTAIN TRUTHS OF RELIGION.			[560]
Section.	I.	—The Power which God exerts over the Human Mind and Will.	[561]
Section.	II.	—Man's Power over Himself.	[566]
CHAPTER VI.
STRENGTH OF WILL.			[569]
CHAPTER VII.
HISTORICAL SKETCH—OUTLINE OF THE CONTROVERSY RESPECTING FREEDOM OF THE WILL.			[573]
REFERENCES.			[584]

---