LIGHT AND COLOUR THEORIES
Tintometer.
Form of Instrument for Opaque Observation.
Reproductions of some Medals awarded to
JOSEPH W. LOVIBOND’S Method of Colour Analysis
FOR
Scientific and Commercial Purposes.
LIGHT AND
COLOUR THEORIES
and their Relation to Light and
Colour Standardization
By
JOSEPH W. LOVIBOND
ILLUSTRATED BY 11 PLATES COLOURED BY HAND
London
E. & F. N. SPON, Limited, 57 HAYMARKET
New York
SPON & CHAMBERLAIN, 123 LIBERTY STREET
1915
CONTENTS
| PAGE. | |
| List of Plates | [vii] |
| Purpose | [ix] |
| CHAPTER I. | |
| Introduction | [ 1] |
| CHAPTER II. | |
| Evolution of the Method | [ 5] |
| CHAPTER III. | |
| Evolution of the Unit | [ 9] |
| CHAPTER IV. | |
| Derivation of Colour from White Light | [ 11] |
| CHAPTER V. | |
| Standard White Light | [ 14] |
| CHAPTER VI. | |
| Qualitative Colour Nomenclature | [17] |
| CHAPTER VII. | |
| Quantitative Colour Nomenclature | [ 20] |
| CHAPTER VIII. | |
| The Colour Scales | [ 28] |
| CHAPTER IX. | |
| Colour Charts | [ 31] |
| CHAPTER X. | |
| Representations of Colour in Space of Three Dimensions | [ 34] |
| CHAPTER XI. | |
| The Spectrum in relation to Colour Standardization | [ 36] |
| CHAPTER XII. | |
| The Physiological Light Unit | [ 45] |
| APPENDIX I. | |
| Colour Education | [59] |
| APPENDIX II. | |
| The Possibilities of a Standard Light and Colour Unit | [ 69] |
| APPENDIX III. | |
| Dr. Dudley Corbett’s Radiometer | [ 83] |
| Index | [89] |
ERRATA.
Plate I. Newton’s Theory. The Indigo line is erroneously placed between the Violet and the Red; it should be between the Blue and the Violet.
Page 40.—Fifth line from the bottom, for Fraunhoper read Fraunhofer.
To face p. vi., Lovibond, Light and Colour Theories.] [P.R. 1317
LIST OF PLATES
| TO FACE PAGE | |||
| Plate | I. | Six Colour Theories | [4] |
| " | II. | Circles Illustrating Absorption of White Light | [11] |
| " | III. | Diagram Illustrating Analysis of White Light | [13] |
| " | IV. | First System of Charting Colour | [31] |
| " | V. | Second System of Charting Colour | [33] |
| " | VI. | Six Tintometrical Colour Charts | [39] |
| " | VII. | Two Circles | [40] |
| " | VIII. | Absorption Curves of Dyes | [76] |
| " | IX. | Fading Curves of Dyes | [78] |
| " | X. | Comparison Curves of Healthy and Diseased Blood | [80] |
| " | XI. | Specific Colour Curves of Healthy and Diseased Human Blood | [82] |
PURPOSE
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that colour is a determinable property of matter, and to make generally known methods of colour analysis and synthesis which have proved of great practical value in establishing standards of purity in some industries.
The purpose is also to show that the methods are thoroughly scientific in theory and practice, and that the results are not likely to be changed by further discoveries. Also that out of the work done a new law has been developed, which the writer calls the Law of Specific Colour Development, meaning that every substance has its own rate of colour development for regularly increasing thicknesses.