CONTENTS

PAGE [How to Know the Trees] 3 AUTUMN STUDIES The Nut Trees: [The Shagbark Hickories] 9 [The Disappointing Hickories] 12 [The Black Walnut] 16 [The Butternut] 18 [The English Walnut] 19 [The Chestnut and Chinquapin] 22 [The Beech] 26 [The Witch Hazel] 29 [The Oak Family] 33 The White Oak Group: [The White Oak] 37 [The Bur or Mossy-cup Oak] 39 [The Live Oak] 41 [The Post Oak] 44 [The Swamp White Oak] 45 [The Chestnut Oak] 46 The Black Oak Group: [The Black Oak] 47 [The Red Oak] 50 [The Scarlet Oak] 51 [The Pin Oak] 52 [The Willow Oak] 54 [Trees with Winged Seeds] 55 [Tree Seeds that have Parachutes] 62 [The Autumn Berries in the Woods] 64 [The Changing Colour of the Autumn Woods] 74 WINTER STUDIES [Trees We Know by Their Bark] 83 [Trees We Know by Their Shapes] 93 [Trees We Know by Their Thorns] 98 [The Needle-leaved Evergreens] 101 [The Five-leaved Soft Pines] 108 [The White Pine] 109 [The Great Sugar Pine] 112 [The Nut Pines] 114 [The Hard Pines] 118 [The Southern Pitch Pines] 119 [The Longleaf Pine] 119 [The Shortleaf Pine] 121 [The Cuban Pine] 123 [The Loblolly Pine] 124 [The Northern Pitch Pines] 125 [The Cedars, White and Red] 127 [Two Conifers Not Evergreen] 131 [The Larches] 131 [The Bald Cypress] 134 [The Hollies] 136 [The Burning Bush] 139 SPRING STUDIES [The Awakening of the Trees] 143 [Trees that Bloom in Early Spring] 146 [The American Elm and Its Kin] 150 [The Maple Family] 154 [The Willow Family] 163 [Why Trees Need Leaves] 169 [Leaves of All Shapes and Sizes] 173 SUMMER STUDIES [Trees with the Largest Flowers] 183 [Trees Most Showy in Bloom] 189 [Trees that Bloom in Midsummer] 192 [The Early Berries in the Woods] 197 [The Sassafras] 200 [The Ash Family] 203 [The Horse-chestnut and the Buckeyes] 208 [The Buckeyes] 211 [The Locusts and Other Pod-bearers] 214 [Wild Apple Trees and Their Kin] 221 [The Cherries] 226 [The Plums] 229 [The Serviceberries] 232 [Valuable Sap of Trees] 233 [The Uses of Trees] 237

[Identification Keys to Tree Groups and Families] 251 [Index] 261