FOOTNOTES:
[707] See accounts in Rye, England as seen by Foreigners.
[708] J. O. Halliwell, Letters of the Kings of England, London, 1846.
[709] Rye, op. cit. p. 153.
[710] "Autobiographie," Bull. de la Soc. de l'Hist. du Protestantisme Français, vii. pp. 343 sqq.
[711] Another famous Frenchman at the Court of James I. was Theodore Mayerne the Court Doctor (cp. Table Talk of Bishop Hurd, Ox. Hist. Soc. Collectanea, ser. 2, p. 390); also Jean de Schelandre and Montchrétien among men of letters. James refused to give audience to the poet Théophile de Viau, exiled for his daring satires. Boisrobert, St. Amant, Voiture, likewise visited England at this period.
[712] Thurot, Prononciation française, i. p. xiv.
[713] Gerbier, Interpreter of the Academy, 1648.
[714] Aufeild: Translation of Maupas's Grammar, 1634.
[715] Young, L'Enseignement en Écosse, p. 78.
[716] Ellis, Original Letters, 1st series, iii. 89.
[717] T. Birch, Life of Henry Prince of Wales, London, 1760, p. 20.
[718] On Henry's death, St. Antoine became equerry to his brother Charles (Rye, op. cit. p. 253).
[719] Ellis, Orig. Letters, ser. 1, iii. 95.
[720] "The French fashion of dancing is most in request with us" (Dallington, Method for Travell, 1598).
[721] His dancing-master was a M. du Caus. There were other Frenchmen in his service. Cp. "Roll of Expenses of Prince Henry," Revels at Court, ed. P. Cunningham, New Sk. Soc., 1842.
[722] J. Aubrey, Brief Lives, ed. Clark, 1898, i. p. 254; Wood, Athen. Oxon. (Bliss).
[723] T. Birch, op. cit. pp. 38, 66, 67.
[724] Rye, op. cit. p. 155.
[725] Mémoires de Madame de Motteville, in Petitot et Monmerqué, Collection des Mémoires relatifs à l'Histoire de France, tom. 37, 1824, pp. 122-3.
[726] Cal. State Papers, 1660-61, p. 162; cp. p. 207, supra.
[727] Probably the second Duke, whom Charles, out of friendship for his father, the first Duke, brought up in his own family.
[728] Foster, Alumni Oxon., ad nom.
[729] Cal. State Papers, Dom., 1663-64, pp. 384, 526, 527; 1668-69, p. 129; Shaw, Calendar of Treasury Books, 1667-68, pp. 346, 365, 620.
[730] He received the order of knighthood from Charles I. in 1629.
[731] Cal. State Papers, 1633, p. 349.
[732] Le Grys translated several works from Latin into English. He died early in 1635; cp. Dict. Nat. Biog., ad nom.
[733] E. Godfrey, English Children in Olden Time, New York, 1907, p. 133.
[734] Davenant, The Wits, Act II.; cp. Upham, French Influence in English Literature, p. 7.
[735] Preface to Lyly's Euphues, 1623.
[736] T. Middleton, More Dissemblers among Women, Act I. Sc. 4; cp. Upham, op. cit. p. 6.
[737] Watt, Bibliotheca Britannica, 1824, ad nom.
[738] Probably before he left school (Masson, Life of Milton, 1875, i. p. 57).
[739] E. Godfrey, op. cit. p. 178.
[740] De la Mothe devoted a short chapter to enumerating women's clothing.
[741] Thurot, Prononciation française, pp. 374, 376.
[742] Treatise for Declining French Verbs, 1580, 1599, and 1641.
[743] Perhaps this is Bellot's French Methode of 1588, of which there is no copy in the British Museum, the Bodleian, or Cambridge University Library. There is no trace of his having written a third grammar called the French Guide; in his French Grammar of 1578 the verbs are arranged in five conjugations.
[744] This section in particular bears a close resemblance to the Exercitatio of Vives. See Dialogue 17, in F. Watson's Tudor Schoolboy Life.
[745] In Broad Street Ward; see Cooper, List of Aliens, Camden Soc., 1862; Hug. Soc. Pub., x. Pt. iii. p. 187.
[746] Lambeth Library, 8vo, B-E in fours. Hazlitt, Bibliog. Collections and Notes, ii. 206.
[747] It is included in almost all the Sale Catalogues of private libraries at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century.
[748] Erondell was probably also responsible for numerous other translations from French into English; cp. p. 277, note 2, infra.
[749] Strickland, Lives of the Queens of England, 1884, iv. p. 160.
[750] J. Payne Collier, History of English Dramatic Poetry, and Annals of the Stage, 1879, i. pp. 451 sqq.; F. G. Fleay, A Chronicle History of the English Stage, 1890, p. 334.
[751] "Not women but monsters," wrote the Puritan Prynne in his Histriomastrix, 1633, p. 114.
[752] Prynne, op. cit. p. 215.
[753] Payne Collier, op. cit. ii. pp. 2 sqq.; Fleay, op. cit. p. 339.
[754] The former was first acted in France in 1629 and the latter in 1633; cf. Upham, French Influence in English Literature, p. 373.
[755] Scudéry's work is in verse; a king and queen of England figure among the characters. It was first performed in France in 1631.
[756] Probably a tragi-comedy by Du Ryer, acted in 1634; Upham, op. cit. p. 373.
[757] Diary, reprinted: Malone's Historical Account of the English Stage, in an edition of Shakespeare's works, completed by Boswell, 1821, iii. pp. 120, 122. Herbert makes many of his entries in French.
[758] Meurier, Communications familières, 1563.
[759] While the English visited France in great numbers, very few Frenchmen came to England, except those engaged on diplomatic missions, or exiles. Thus, Ronsard, Jacques Grévin, Brantôme, Bodin, in the sixteenth century; Schelandre, d'Assoucy, Boisrobert, Le Pays, Pavillon, Voiture, Malleville, and a few others in the early seventeenth century, spent a short time in England. Among scholars, Peiresc, Henri Estienne, Justel, Bochart, and Casaubon visited our country. St. Amant was twice in England, and on the occasion of his second visit wrote a satirical poem, Albion, in which he gave vent to his dislike of the people and the country (Œuvres, ed. Livet, 1855, vol. ii.). Guide-books to England were few, and far from giving a good impression of the country. See Jusserand, Shakespeare in France, pp. 8, 129.
[760] Rathery, Relations sociales et intellectuelles entre la France et l'Angleterre, pp. 22-23, 48 sqq.
[761] "Lord ghest tholb be sua virtiuff be intelligence, aff yi body schal biff be naturall rehutht tholb suld of me pety have for natur ..." (Œuvres de Rabelais, ed. C. Marty Laveaux, i. 261).
[762] Petitot et Monmerqué, Collection des Mémoires, tom. 68, Paris, 1828.
[763] A. Cohn, Shakespeare in Germany in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, London, 1865, pp. xxviii, cxxxiv, cxxxv.
[764] Jusserand, Shakespeare in France, 1899, pp. 51 sqq.; E. Soulié, Recherches sur Molière, Paris, 1863, p. 153.
[765] Journal de Jean Hervard sur l'enfance et la jeunesse de Louis XIII, 1601-28, Paris, 1868. Quoted by Jusserand, op. cit. p. 57 n. One of Louis's tutors was an Englishman, Richard Smith.
[766] S. Lee, "The Beginnings of French Translations from the English," Proceedings of the Bibliog. Soc. viii., 1907, pp. 85-112.
[767] Tourval was for long engaged on turning James I.'s compositions into French, and complains of not receiving any reward nor even his expenses.
[768] He also translated Godwin's Man in the Moon, 1648, which had some influence on Cyrano de Bergerac. He was probably the Jean Baudouin who studied at Edinburgh in 1597.
[769] Gerbier, Interpreter of the Academy, 1648.
[770] T. B. Squire, in Simon Daines's Orthoepia Anglicana, reprinted by R. Brotanek in Neudrucke frühneuenglischer Grammatiken, Bd. iii., 1908.
[771] By the end of the sixteenth century it was quite a usual thing for learned subjects to be treated in English. Ascham apologised for using English in his Toxophilus (1545), but in his Scholemaster (1570) he used it as a matter of course.
[772] Jusserand, Histoire littéraire du peuple anglais, 1904, p. 316.
[773] Florio makes the same claim in his First Frutes for teaching Italian and English.
[774] Grammaire Angloise et Françoise pour facilement et promptement apprendre la Langue angloise et françoise. A Rouen, chez la veuve Oursel, 1595, 8vo. The Brit. Mus. copy contains MS. notes of a French student.
[775] In 1586 he translated three letters of Henry of Navarre, and in following years a continuous series of similar works; in 1587 the Politicke and Militarie Discourse of La Noue; in 1588 the Discourse concerning the right which the House of Guise have to the crown of France, etc. His latest translation appears to have been Louis XIII.'s Declaration upon his Edicts for Combats, 1613. This E. A. may have been identical with Erondell (or, as sometimes written, Arundel), who gives his name as "P. Erondell (E. A.)" in his translation of the Declaration and Catholic exhortation (1586).
[776] It bears a strong resemblance to the first dialogue in Erondell's French Garden.
[777] Such as the works of Sir Thomas Smith, John Cheke, John Hart, all of which appeared before 1580.
[778] By P. Greenwood (1594), Ed. Coote (1596), A. Gill (1619), J. Herves (1624), Ch. Butler (1633). Some are reprinted by Brotanek, op. cit.; cp. F. Watson, Modern Subjects, chap. i.
[779] Reprinted by Brotanek, op. cit. vol. iii., 1908.
[780] Works, 1875, vol. ix. pp. 229 sqq.
[781] Reprinted by R. Brotanek, op. cit. Heft i., 1905, pp. 105.
[782] Pp. 60 sqq.
[783] It had no place in the earlier editions of 1534 and 1537.