C.—GROWTH OF INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA.
The growth of industry in Russia will be best seen from the following:—
| 1880-81. Cwts. | 1893-94. Cwts. | 1910. Cwts. | |
| Cast iron | 8,810,000 | 25,450,000 | 61,867,000 |
| Iron | 5,770,000 | 9,700,000} | 61,540,700 |
| Steel | 6,030,000 | 9,610,000} | |
| Railway rails | 3,960,000 | 4,400,000 | 10,408,300 |
| Coal | 64,770,000 | 160,000,000 | 530,570,000 |
| (Imports of Coal) | from 80,000,000 | to 100,000,000 | |
| Naphtha | 6,900,000 | 108,700,000 | 189,267,000 |
| Sugar | 5,030,000 | 11,470,000 | 28,732,000 |
| Raw cotton, home grown | 293,000 | 1,225,000 | 3,736,000 |
| Cottons, grey, and yarn | 23,640,000 | 42,045,000 | 86,950,000 |
| Cottons, printed | 6,160,000 | 7,720,000 | 37,680,000 |
| 1900. | 1908. | |
| All cottons | £56,156,000 | £94,233,000 |
| All woollens | 19,064,000 | 25,388,000 |
| Linen | 7,076,600 | 9,969,000 |
| Silk | 3,335,000 | 3,969,000 |
The recent growth of the coal and iron industries in South Russia (with the aid of Belgian capital) was very well illustrated at the Turin Exhibition of 1911. From less than 100,000 tons in 1860, the extraction of coal and anthracite rose to 16,840,460 metric tons in 1910. The extraction of iron ore rose from 377,000 tons in 1890 to 3,760,000 tons in 1909. The production of cast iron, which was only 29,270 tons in 1882, reached 2,067,000 tons in 1910, and the amount of refined iron and steel and their produce rose from 27,830 tons in 1882 to 1,641,960 tons in 1910. In short, South Russia is becoming an exporting centre for the iron industry. (P. Palcinsky, in Russian Mining Journal, 1911, Nos. 8 and 12.)