Venezuela

by Leonard V. Dalton

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A
POPULATION OF STATES AND DISTRICTS UNDER THE CONSTITUTION OF 1909 ACCORDING TO THE CENSUS OF 1891

State.	District.	Capital.	Population.
ANZOÁTEGUI		Barcelona	134,064
	Aragua	Aragua	36,802
	Bolivar	Barcelona	26,235
	Bruzual	Clarines	12,467
	Cagigal	Onoto	10,811
	Freites	Cantaura	16,665
	Independencia	Soledad	4,092
	Libertad	San Mateo	7,200
	Miranda	Pariaguán	5,222
	Peñalver	Píritu	8,773
	Tadeo Monágas	Mapire	5,797
APURE		San Fernando	22,937
	Achaguas	Achaguas	4,746
	Muñoz	Bruzual	1,848
	San Fernando	San Fernando	12,186
	Páez	Guasdualito	4,157
ARAGUA		La Victoria	94,994
	Girardot	Maracay	9,505
	Mariño	Turmero	13,235
	Ricaurte	La Victoria	25,712
	San Casimiro	San Casimiro	9,405
	San Sebastian	San Sebastian	5,292
	Urdaneta	Camatagua	9,533
	Zamora	Villa de Cura	22,312
BOLIVAR		Ciudad Bolivar	55,744
	Cedeño	Caicara	3,847
	Heres	Ciudad Bolivar	21,582
	Roscio	Guasipati	12,391
	Sucre	Moitaco	7,923
	Piar	Upata	10,001
CARABOBO		Valencia	169,313
	Bejuma	Bejuma	18,282
	Guacara	Guacara	15,362
	Montalbán	Montalbán	17,469
	Ocumare de la Costa	Ocumare	4,157
	Puerto Cabello	Puerto Cabello	18,489
	Valencia	Valencia	95,554
COJEDES		San Carlos	87,935
	Anzoátegui	Cojedes	3,697
	Falcón	Tinaquillo	15,964
	Girardot	El Baúl	9,108
	Pao	Pao de San Juan Bautista	20,907
	Ricaurte	Libertad	9,248
	San Carlos	San Carlos	17,963
	Tinaco	Tinaco	11,048
FALCÓN		Coro	139,110
	Acosta	San Juan	7,910
	Buchivacoa	Capatárida	} 18,898
	Jurado	Urumaco
	Colina	La Vela	9,655
	Democracia	Pedregal	13,176
	Falcón	Pueblo Nuevo	19,590
	Federación	Churuguara	10,622
	Miranda	Coro	19,686
	Bolivar	San Luis	} 19,438
	Petit	Cabure
	Silva	Tucacas	3,943
	Zamora	Cumarebo	16,192
GUÁRICO		Calabozo	183,930
	Bruzual	El Sombrero	21,189
	Infante	Valle de la Pascu	21,564
	Miranda	Calabozo	25,860
	Monágas	Altagracia de Orituco	31,297
	Roscio	Ortiz	27,072
	Zaraza	Zaraza	56,948
LARA		Barquisimeto	189,624
	Barquisimeto	Barquisimeto	41,321
	Cabudare	Cabudare	16,938
	Crespo	Duaca	12,868
	Quíbor	Quíbor	20,273
	Tocuyo	Tocuyo	41,559
	Torres	Carora	40,140
	Urdaneta	Siquisique	16,525
MÉRIDA		Mérida	88,522
	Campoelías	Egido	12,457
	Libertador	Mérida	29,437[7]
	Miranda	Timotes	6,601
	Rangel	Mucuchíes	4,783
	Rivas Davila	Bailadores	6,875
	Sucre	Lagunillas	13,166
	Torondoy	Torondoy	1,595
	Tovar	Tovar	13,608
MIRANDA		Ocumare del Tuy	141,446
	Acevedo	Caucagua	16,776
	Brión	Higuerote	7,963
	Guaicaipuro	Los Teques	25,414
	Lander	Ocumare del Tuy	13,305
	Páez	Rio Chico	18,621
	Paz Castillo	Santa Lucia	13,673
	Plaza	Guarenas	6,817
	Sucre	Petare	17,964
	Urdaneta	Cúa	12,509
	Zamora	Guatire	8,404
MONÁGAS		Maturín	74,503
	Acosta	San Antonio	8,829
	Cedeño	Caicara	21,852
	Monágas	Maturín	25,874
	Piar	Aragua de Maturín	14,144
	Sotillo	Uracoa	3,804
NUEVA ESPARTA		La Asunción	40,197
	Arismendi	La Asunción	6,266
	Diaz	San Juan Bautista	8,705
	Gomez	San Ana	9,080
	Maneiro	Pampatar	5,144
	Marcano	Juan Griego	5,309
	Mariño	Porlamar	5,693
PORTUGUESA		Guanare	96,045
	Acarigua	Acarigua	11,871
	Araure	Araure	12,463
	Esteller	Píritu	8,450
	Guanare	Guanare	30,008
	Guanarito	Guanarito	10,432
	Obispo	Ospino	12,233
	Turén	Villa Bruzual	10,588
SUCRE		Cumaná	92,030
	Arismendi	Rio Caribe	11,268
	Benítez	El Pilar	12,889
	Bermudez	Carúpano	17,500
	Mariño	Cristobal Colón	8,777
	Mejías	Marigüitar	5,402
	Montes	Cumanacoa	8,133
	Rivero	Cariaco	7,396
	Sucre	Cumaná	20,665
TÁCHIRA		San Cristobal	101,709
	Ayacucho	San Juan de Colón	8,041
	Bolivar	San Antonio	8,195
	Cárdenas	Táriba	12,882
	Capacho	Independencia	9,091
	Junín	Rubio	12,229
	Jauregui	La Grita	18,804
	Lobatera	Lobatera	5,143
	San Cristobal	San Cristobal	19,504
	Uribante	Pregonero	7,820
TRUJILLO		Trujillo	146,585
	Betijoque	Betijoque	14,529
	Boconó	Boconó	33,289
	Carache	Carache	33,845
	Escuque	Escuque	12,696
	Trujillo	Trujillo	26,095
	Urdaneta	La Quebrada	12,698
	Valera	Valera	13,433
YARACUY		San Felipe	85,844
	Bruzual	Chivacoa	8,134
	Nirgua	Nirgua	28,708
	San Felipe	San Felipe	17,959
	Sucre	Guama	} 11,838
	Bolivar	Aroa
	Urachiche	Urachiche	6,110
	Yaritagua	Yaritagua	13,095
ZAMORA		Barinas	62,696
	Arismendi	Arismendi	6,929
	Barinas	Barinas	9,157
	Bolivar	Barinitas	7,146
	Obispos	Obispos	10,481
	Pedraza	Ciudad Bolivia	7,579
	Rojas	Libertad	10,430
	Sosa	Nutrias	10,974
ZULIA		Maracaibo	150,776
	Bolivar	Santa Rita	6,598
	Colón	San Carlos del Zulia	7,161
	Mara	San Rafael	5,538
	Maracaibo	Maracaibo	37,551
	Miranda	Altagracia	7,020
	Páez	Sinamaica	68,707
	Perija	Libertad	5,512
	Sucre	Bobure	5,529[8]
	Urdaneta	Concepción	7,160
DISTRITO FEDERAL		Carácas	113,204
TERRITORIO AMAZONAS		San Fernando de Atabapo	45,097
TERRITORIO DELTA-AMACURO		Tucupita	7,222

APPENDIX B
TRADE OF VENEZUELA, 1909-10

(Compiled from the Estadística Mercantil y Marítima, Carácas)

IMPORTS (BY CLASSES).

		£ (at 25·25).
I.	Textiles	821,619
II.	Foodstuffs	444,142
III.	Hardware	341,942
IV.	Machinery	65,091
V.	Other oils (and stearin)	58,612
VI.	Mineral oils	34,198
VII.	Building materials and labour	15,187
VIII.	Cement	12,816
IX.	Coal	11,244
X.	Railway materials	5,791
XI.	Electrical apparatus	1,938
XII.	General merchandise	430,620
Total		2,243,200

IMPORTS (BY COUNTRIES).[9]

	£ (at 25·25).
United States	730,560
Great Britain	589,700
Germany	422,234
Holland	153,725
France	148,930
Spain	109,173
Italy	58,953
Trinidad	13,821
Belgium	12,110
Austria	1,647
Curaçao	1,183
Other countries	1,164
Total	2,243,200

EXPORTS (BY PRODUCTS).

	£ (at 25·25).
Coffee	1,469,476
Cocoa	689,954
Rubber (caoutchouc, sernambi, and balatá)	557,127
Hides (oxen, goats, and others)	320,571
Gold	65,738
Egret plumes	50,459
Cattle	40,374
Asphalt	36,598
Dye woods and tanning barks	23,101
Pearls	20,941
Sugar	20,080
Timber	16,215
Tonka-beans	7,792
Tobacco	5,737
Hellebore	2,806
Alpargatas (sandals)	2,570
Fish-bladders	2,383
Coco-palm products	2,361
Cotton	2,291
Horns	2,031
Tortoise-shell, mother-of-pearl, &c.	1,642
Fruit	600
Quinine	492
Arrowroot	221
Total	3,363,370

IMPORTS (CLASSES AND COUNTRIES).

		Austria.	Barbados.	Belgium.	Colombia.	Cuba.	Curaçao.	Ecuador.	France.	Germany.
		£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£
I.	Textiles		120	1,050			92	99	37,635	155,274
II.	Foodstuffs	1,647		270			11		33,912	99,120
III.	Hardware			1,513			2		11,087	67,476
IV.	Machinery			156			614		273	8,880
V.	Other oils (and stearin)			3,667					1,831	2,752
VI.	Mineral oils			3						204
VII.	Building materials and lumber		11						337	1,270
VIII.	Cement			58			19		33	3,843
IX.	Coal						4			1,366
X.	Railway materials									807
XI.	Electrical apparatus								4	115
XII.	General merchandise		5	5,393	99	571	441		63,818	81,127
Totals		1,647	136	12,110	99	571	1,183	99	148,930	422,234

		Great Britain.	Holland.	Italy.	Porto Rico.	Portugal.	Spain.	Trinidad.	United States.
		£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£
I.	Textiles	417,614	54,397	29,748			47,682	193	77,715
II.	Foodstuffs	17,028	29,606	10,909			34,606	2,673	214,360
III.	Hardware	43,514	7,581[10]	1,831			1,601	1,262	206,075[10]
IV.	Machinery	16,893	1,664	291	139		3,343	54	32,784
V.	Other oils (and stearin)	493	35,558[11]	4,741			5,543	242	3,785
VI.	Mineral oils	37	3					1,062	32,889
VII.	Building materials and lumber	3,983	206	178				456	8,746
VIII.	Cement	1,443	1,352					2,988	3,080
IX.	Coal	8,146	908						820
X.	Railway materials	1,100	528					297	3,061
XI.	Electrical apparatus	51		243				19	1,506
XII.	General merchandise	79,398	21,924	11,012	47	73	16,398	4,575	145,739
Totals		589,700	153,725	58,953	186	73	109,173	13,821	730,560

EXPORTS (BY PRODUCTS AND PORTS. VALUE IN £ AT 25·25).

	Alpargalas (sandals).	Arrowroot.	Asphalt.	Cattle.	Cocoa.	Coco-palm Products.	Coffee.	Copaiba—Balsam and Oil.	Copper.	Cotton.
	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£
La Guaira	1,887				334,415		244,836		654	459
Puerto Cabello	582	16		785	96,884	594	441,161		7,019	605
Maracaibo		31	3,056		10,892	24	751,779	7,197		427
Ciudad Bolivar				34,550	374		1,664	2,041
Carúpano	47			27	151,545		5,556		31
Pampatar	54						299		61
La Vela		174		581			2,127		16	12
Guanta				2,865			950			556
Puerto Sucre							19,610
Cristobal Colón			270	1,566	91,070	1,743	1,482
Caño Colorado			33,272		4,774		12	85	11	232
Totals	2,570	221	36,598	40,374	689,954	2,361	1,469,476	9,323	7,792	2,291

	Dyes and Tanning Materials.		Egrets’ Plumes.	Fish Bladders.	Fruit.	Gold.	Hellebore.	Hides.
	Barks.	Divisive.						Goats’.	Oxen.	Others, chiefly Deer.
	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£
La Guaira			77			674	2,806	2,900	45,355	3,990
Puerto Cabello		1,144	677	19	335	317		26,622	26,035	3,469
Maracaibo	1,884	14,621		2,346				8,063	30,459	296
Ciudad Bolivar	36		49,705			64,747		73	126,245	3,797
Carúpano		27						94	1,053
Pampatar		487						459	139
La Vela		4,134						34,681
Guanta		185						305	883	104
Puerto Sucre		444						684	2,029	45
Cristobal Colón	71	68			265			87	464
Caño Colorado									2,049	191
Totals	1,991	21,110	50,459	2,383	600	65,738	2,806	73,968	234,711	11,892

	Horns.	Pearls.	Quinine-bark.	Rubber.			Shells.	Sugar.	Timber.	Tobacco.	Tonka-beans (Sarrapia).
				Caoutchouc.	Sernambi.	Balatá.
	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£	£
La Guaira	653	11,889	188			820	133	7,879	79	562
Puerto Cabello	1,052		279	1,787			11	1,443	392		58
Maracaibo			25	3,230				10,233	15,044
Ciudad Bolivar	197			116,305	32,089	401,093				1,676	12,429
Carúpano		4,305				239			149
Pampatar		4,752					1,498		92
La Vela								525
Guanta	112								19
Puerto Sucre						126
Cristobal Colón						539			440	11
Caño Colorado	17					899				3,488
Totals	2,031	20,941	492	121,322	32,089	403,716	1,642	20,080	16,215	5,737	12,487

APPENDIX C
POPULATION, ALTITUDE, MEAN ANNUAL TEMPERATURE AND DEATH-RATE OF PRINCIPAL VENEZUELAN CITIES

(From the Anuario Estadístico, 1908, and the data for the military map, 1909)

City.	Population. Census of 1891.	Altitude, in Feet.	Mean Annual Temperature, Degrees Fahrenheit.	Death Rate 1908, per 1,000 Inhabitants.
(a) COAST TOWNS.
Maracaibo	34,740	20	86	36·5
Barcelona	14,089	43	81·5	15·8
Puerto Cabello	13,176	10	81	42·0
Cumaná	11,471	23	80·5	19·7
Carúpano	10,897	26	81	25·9
Coro	10,161	53	81	31·6
La Guaira	8,512	26	84·5	33·1
La Asunción	3,160	356	79	27·3
(b) CORDILLERAS AND GUAYANA HIGHLANDS.
Carácas	72,429	3,036	66·5	34·4
Valencia	54,387	1,577	80	24·5
Barquisimeto	27,069	1,868	78	35·1
San Cristobal	16,797	2,722	70·5	19·6
Villa de Cura	15,792	1,835	75·5	27·6
La Victoria	14,109	1,782	74	29·6
Mérida	13,366	5,415	64·5	29·9
Boconó	13,233	4,336	65	32·9
San Felipe	10,817	808	80	33·9
Trujillo	10,481	2,640	72	26·3
Ocumare del Tuy	7,745	693	79	60·2
Los Teques	6,916	3,864	68	40·6
Guasipati	3,052	?	86	14·3
(c) LLANOS AND ORINOCO VALLEY.
Ciudad Bolivar	17,535	125	86·5	23·8
Maturín	15,624	244	80·5	11·7
Aragua de Barcelona	15,680[12]	363	82	21·4
San Carlos	10,159[12]	495	83	47·4
Guanare	9,051	636	83·5	9·3
Calabozo	8,159	330	88·5	25·1
San Fernando de Apure	6,695	240	91	26·8
Barinas	5,354	594	82	14·2
Tucupita	823	?	?	?
San Fernando de Atabapo	388	?	?	?

HEIGHTS OF PRINCIPAL MOUNTAINS.

Range.	Peak.	Height, in Feet.
Sierra Nevada of Mérida	La Columna	16,523
	La Concha	16,087
	La Corona	15,609
	El Leon	15,490
	El Toro	15,490
Cordillera of the Andes (outer range)	El Salado	13,949
	Los Conejos	13,761
Cordillera of the Coast	Naiguatá	9,124
	Silla de Carácas (eastern peak)	8,702
Interior Range	Turumiquiri	6,761

APPENDIX D
GOVERNMENT FINANCE, 1908-9

(From the Anuario Estadístico, 1908)

REVENUE 1908-9.
	£	£
Taxes on foreign trade:—
Import duties	1,152,105
Export duty (live cattle)	3,371
Sundry port dues	20,204
Storage and warehousing	655
Consular fees	2,118
Other minor imposts	1,310	1,179,763
Internal taxation payable throughout the Federation:—
Sale of stamps[13]	109,048
Stamped paper	5,134
Tax on mining properties	4,895
Tax on alcohol and tobacco	112,767
Tax on cigarettes, &c.	85,833
Tax on matches	10,335
Trademark and patent dues	160	328,172
Taxes payable in the Federal district and territories:—
12% duty in territories	220,501
Public registry of property	3,097
Direct and local taxes in territories	876	224,474
Public services:—
Telegraphs and cables	10,566
Other Government enterprises	2,314	12,880
Revenue from national estate:—
National lands	632
Salt-pans	202,744
Pearl fisheries	494	203,870
Minor sources of revenue:—
Returns on sundry capital, securities, rights, &c.	15,622
Other minor sources	31,660	47,282
Total		1,996,441
EXPENDITURE 1908-9.
	£	£
Ministry of the Interior:—
Legislature	17,593
Ecclesiastical subsidy	7,264
Public health	2,577
Prisons	7,633
Subsidies to States	224,074
Charities	13,349
General	28,146	310,636
Ministry of Foreign Affairs:—
Consular Service	2,404
Legations and general	141,279	143,683
Ministry of Finance and Public Credit:—
Administrative Services	193,475
Diplomatic claims of 1903	126,404
Other branches of National Debt	261,667	581,546
Ministry of War and Marine:—
Army	259,003
Navy	22,003
Dockyard	24,699
Military map of Venezuela	4,566
General	50,661	360,932
Ministry of Public Instruction:—
Higher Education	28,465
Elementary Education	55,561
General	33,247	117,273
Ministry of National Development:—
Post Office	33,602
Telegraphs	80,847
General	8,634	123,183
Ministry of Public Works		78,928
“Emergencies”		171,693
Total		1,887,874

APPENDIX E
THE NATIONAL DEBT OF VENEZUELA

(Years 1906 to 1910)

INTERNAL DEBT.

Branch.	1906.	1907.	1908.	1909.	1910.
	£	£	£	£	£
Consolidated 3 per cent. stock[14]	1,299,448	2,175,210	2,354,300	2,389,668	2,399,309
Other	1,744,242	551,240	279,885	165,784	119,156
Totals	3,043,690	2,726,050	2,634,185	2,555,452	2,518,465

FOREIGN DEBT.

Branch.	1906.	1907.	1908.	1909.	1910.
	£	£	£	£	£
National 3 per cent. bonds by diplomatic agreements	483,169	466,919	453,295	433,309	417,414
Provisional (Spanish) certificates	62	62	62	62	62
Diplomatic 3 per cent. debt	4,993,627	4,868,978	4,735,958	4,604,572	4,418,987[15]
Claims awarded by Hague Tribunal, 1903	883,799	777,514	647,344	518,409	359,562
Totals	6,360,657	6,113,473	5,836,659	5,556,352	5,196,025