APPENDIX G

SPANISH CUTLERS

In former times excellent cutlery, such as knives, scissors, daggers, spearheads, and surgical instruments, was made in Spain, at Seville, Albacete, Toledo, Valencia, Pamplona, Ronda, Peñíscola, Guadix, Ripoll, Mora, Olot, and Tolosa. Rico y Sinobas has given an interesting description of the workshop and apparatus of one of these old Spanish cutlers—his graduated set of hammers, weighing from a few ounces to five pounds, his hand-saws, bench-saw, chisels, pincers, files, and drills, his forge, measuring from a yard square to a yard and a half, his two anvils of the toughest iron, the larger with a flat surface of three inches by ten inches, for ordinary work, the smaller terminated by conical points for making the thumb and finger holes of scissors.[63] The method of tempering and forging practised by these cutlers was much the same as that of the Toledo swordsmiths.

Rico y Sinobas also embodied in his essay the following list of cutlers and cutler-armourers, who manufactured knives, penknives, scissors, parts of firearms, or heads and blades for lances, halberds, and the like. The following is a summary of the list in question:—

Name.	Date.	Worked at
Acacio	17th century	He made spearheads and fittings for crossbows.
Aguas, Juan de	Early in 18th century	Guadix.
Alanis	Late 16th century	? Maker of fittings for crossbows.
Albacete	Late 18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Ambrosio	Late 18th century	Mora. Maker of large scissors for sheep-shearing.
Arbell, Ramón	17th century (?)	Olot. Knife-maker.
Azcoitia (the elder)	Late 15th century and early 16th	Guipúzcoa (?). A celebrated maker of pieces for crossbows.
Azcoitia (Cristóbal)	16th century	? Also a maker of pieces for crossbows. He was the fourth descendant of the family who worked at this branch of the cutler's craft.
Azcoitia (Juan)	16th century	? Perhaps a member of the same family. He also made pieces for crossbows.
Beson, Manuel	18th century	Madrid. Knife-maker.
Bis, Francisco	18th century	Madrid (see Vol. I., p. [273]). Maker of knives and arquebuses.
Blanco, Juan	16th century	Maker of crossbows, and of pieces for the same.
Castellanos (the elder)	18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Castellanos (the younger)	18th century and early 19th	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Castillo, Gregorio	Late 16th century	Cataluña (?). Scissors-maker.
Cerda, Miguel de la	Late 16th century	Madrid and Segovia. He made scissors and other cutlery.
Criado, Juan	Early 17th century
Diaz, Pedro	Early 18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Escobar, Cristóbal	Late 16th century and early 17th	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Escobar, Juan	17th century	Madrid (?). Son of the preceding, and also a maker of pieces for crossbows.
Fernandez Manso de Payba, José	Late 18th century	Guadalajara. A Portuguese, naturalized in Spain. He was a scissors-maker of considerable fame.
Fuente, Pedro de la	Late 15th century or early 16th	Madrid (?). Maker of crossbows and their pieces.
García, Domingo	Late 17th century	Madrid. Arquebus-maker and cutler.
García de la Torre, Teodoro	Early 18th century	Guadalix and Alcorcón. Cutler. In company with Manuel Beson, he invented a method of converting iron into steel.
Garijo	18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Garro, Martín	Early 15th century	Pamplona. Cutler and swordsmith. A letter dated October 31st, 1406, records that he was paid five escudos for making a sword, and one escudo for a dagger.
Gomez, Mateo	Late 17th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Grajeras	17th century	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Grande, Juan	17th century	Madrid (?). Maker of lanceheads.
Gutierrez	Late 17th century	Chinchilla. Scissors-maker.
Hernandez, Juan	16th century	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Herraez, Andres	Late 16th century	Cuenca. Arquebus-maker and cutler.
Herrezuelo (the elder)	Late 16th century and early 17th	Baeza. Cutler.
Herrezuelo (the younger)	Early 17th century	Baeza. Scissors-maker.
Horbeira, Angel	Late 17th century	Madrid. Cutler; a native of Galicia, and reputed to be one of the best craftsmen of his time. He was known as El Borgoñon, and passed his early life in Flanders.
Hortega	Early 16th century	? Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Lallabe, Juan de	Early 19th century	? Cutler, locksmith, and maker of surgical instruments.
Lastra, Juan	17th century	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces for crossbows. He was one for crossbows. He was one of the latest and most celebrated of these craftsmen.
Leon	Early 18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Llorens, Pablo	Late 17th century	Olot. Cutler.
Marcoarte, Simon	Late 16th century and early 17th	Madrid. Arquebus-maker and cutler. He was the son of another craftsman of the same name, who settled in Spain in the reign of Charles the Fifth (see Vol. I., p. [273]).
Martinez, Juan	Early 16th century	? Maker of darts and lancesfor crossbows.
Mendoza, Francisco and Manuel	Early 18th century	Trigueros (Old Castile). Cutlers.
Moreno, Luis	Late 15th century	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Moro, El	Late 18th century and early 19th	Madrid. Cutler.
Muñoz of Getafe	16th century and early 17th	? Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Óipa, Juan	?	Madrid. Maker of crossbows.
Perez de Villadiego, Juan	16th century	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces
Perez, Julian	Early 17th century	Madrid (?). Maker of darts and lances for crossbows.
Puebla (the elder)	Early 16th century	Madrid. Maker of parts of crossbows.
Ramirez, Juan	Late 16th century	? Cutler. He emigrated to the city of Puebla de los Angeles, in Mexico, where he continued to make knives, scissors, and weapons of good quality.
Renedo (the elder)	Early 16th century(?)	? Maker of darts and lances for crossbows.
Renedo (the younger)	Late 16th century and early 17th	? Son of the preceding. He made the same objects as his father.
Romero	Late 18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Rosel	?	Mora. Scissors-maker.
San José, Brother Antonio	Late 17th century	Jaen. Scissors-maker.
Santamaría	Late 16th century and early 17th	Madrid (?). Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Selva, Juan	Late 18th century	Cartagena and Madrid. Cutler and iron-founder.
Segura	Late 18th century and early 19th	Mora. Scissors-maker.
Sierra, Juan	18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Soler, Isidro	Late 18th century and early 19th	Madrid. Arquebus-maker, cutler, and author of An Historical Essay on making Arquebuses.
Sosa	17th century	Madrid (?). Maker of weapons, especially the heads of lances.
Targarona, Francisco	Late 18th century	Madrid. Arquebus-maker to Charles the Third and Charles the Fourth, and one of the most skilful craftsmen of his day.
Tijerero, El (Domingo Sanchez)	?	Toledo. Maker of swords and scissors.
Torres	Early 17th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Ucedo	Late 16th century and perhaps early 17th	? Maker of pieces for crossbows.
V....	16th century (?)	Toledo (?). Scissors-maker. The rest of this craftsman's name is not known.
Valderas, Pedro de	16th century	Madrid and Valladolid. Maker of pieces for crossbows.
Vicen-Perez, Pedro	Late 17th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker.
Vilarasa, Antonio	Late 17th century	? Cutler and razor-maker.
Vilarasa, Antonio	Late 17th century	? Cutler and razor-maker.
... Emt.., Julian	Early 18th century	Albacete. Scissors-maker. Only a fragment of his name has been preserved upon a blade. Rico y Sinobas suggests that the entire surname may have been Vicen-Perez.
Zeruantes, Francisco	Late 17th century	Toledo. Maker of blades for halberds.
Zamora (“the deaf”)	Late 16th century and early 17th	Castile. Cutler,