Lecture IV.
55. What is a saphead?
56. Explain some of the different types of sapheads used.
57. What advantage has it over a “T” shaped saphead?
58. What is meant by an island saphead?
59. Name the digging and cutting tools?
60. What materials are used in trench warfare?
61. How are sandbags filled? Tied? Passed? Built?
62. What are the uses made of sandbags?
63. What is meant by “bond” in use in sandbags?
64. To what uses are the following materials put in trench warfare: Earth? Sods? Timber? Brush? Barb Wire? Bale Wire?
65. How are sods built to obtain the best results?
66. What is a revetment? Traverse? Bay? Parapet? Parados? Obstacle?
67. What are obstacles used for?
68. How many men usually constitute a sentry and relief per bay in a trench?
69. What arrangements are made for sleep and rest of reliefs?
70. Why are relief pits put in rear of trench?
71. Why are they made shallow?
72. What style of a trench is best suited to bomb warfare?
73. What precautions may be taken to prevent enemy’s bombs getting into our trench?
74. What are the disadvantages of having relief pit under the parapet?
75. What are the disadvantages of having a deep trench?
76. What provisions should be made so that our men could advance from the trench at the same instant?
77. What is a “dead man”? “Funk Hole”?