Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society - Vol. 3 / Zoology

by Linnean Society of London

FOOTNOTES:

[C] It is stated that some of the last of these are of wood. The skeleton in Edinburgh is perfect.

[D] "The substance of the brain is more visibly fibrous than I ever saw it in any other animal, the fibres passing from the ventricles as from a centre to the circumference, which fibrous texture is also continued through the cortical substance."—Hunter, "On Whales," 'Animal Economy,' Palmer's edit. p. 373.

[E] In his paper "On the Structure of Whales" (Phil. Trans. 1787), Hunter remarks that the organ of smell "is peculiar to the large and small Whalebone Whales." He further remarks, that, "in those that have olfactory nerves, the lateral ventricles are not continued into them as in many quadrupeds;" and he notices "the want of the olfactory nerves in the genus of the Porpoise."—'Anim. Economy,' Palmer's edit. pp. 372, 373, 376.

[F] See Memoirs in the 'Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh' for 1832.

---

Extract of a Letter from Dr. Baikie to Sir John Richardson, M.D., C.B., F.R. & L.S., dated 29th October, 1857, Rabba, on the Qworra.

[Read January 21st, 1858.]

"In natural history my collection is advancing, especially in skins and skeletons of birds. I am collecting skulls of all the domesticated animals, and skeletons of the sheep and goats. I have got a few fish, including a prettily-marked Diodon or Tetraodon, probably new, and a Myletes which I did not meet with formerly. The Siluridæ are the most abundant fishes; and one species closely resembles the Hypophthalmus, figured by Rüppell in his 'Fishes of the Nile and Red Sea.' I have not met with another Polypterus. I shall get a Lepidosiren in the river, and have heard of an electrical fish, I believe a Malopteruris, such as I formerly found. I enclose two scales of a fish which is said to grow to the length of 5 feet, but of which I have specimens half that size only,—also a sketch of a curious fish 2½ feet, which I put into spirits; it has neither ventral nor anal fins, a very peculiar caudal, and a slender head, while the dorsal extends along the whole back; eyes very small; teeth numerous and hard, but not sharp." He adds, in a postscript, that he had got the Lepidosiren. He had collected 700 species of plants, and numerous fine fruits, which he says "will rejoice Sir William Hooker's heart."

Dr. Baikie's postscript, however, mentions that his vessel had been wrecked about twelve miles above Lagos, and that she sunk in a few minutes after she struck. He does not say what was the fate of his collections, but states that all the party had fever from fatigue and sleeping in swamps after the wreck.—J. R.

---

Catalogue of the Dipterous Insects collected in the Aru Islands by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with Descriptions of New Species. By Francis Walker.

Aru Island.

Fam. MYCETOPHILIDÆ, Haliday.

Gen. SCIARA, Meigen.

Div. A. a., Meig. vi. 305.

1. Sciara Selecta, n. s. Mas. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, antennis sat validis, pedibus piceis, alis cinereis, venis costalibus crassis.

Male. Black, with cinereous tomentum; antennæ rather stout; legs piceous; wings greyish; veins black; radial and cubital veins thick; radial vein extending to the fork of the subapical. Length of the body 1¾ line; of the wings 4 lines.

Fam. BIBIONIDÆ, Haliday.

Gen. Plecia, Hoffmansegg.

2. Plecia dorsalis, Walk. See Vol. I. p. 5.

Fam. CULICIDÆ, Haliday.

3. CULEX SCUTELLARIS, n. s. Mas. Nigro-fuscus, capite thoraceque argenteo trivittatis, scutello rufescente; abdominis segmentis argenteo fasciatis, genubus et tarsorum posticorum fasciis niveis; alis subcinereis, venis nigris ciliatis.

Male. Blackish brown. Head and thorax with three silvery stripes, the middle one very distinct; scutellum reddish; pectus with silvery gloss; abdomen with silvery bands, which are narrow above, broad beneath; femora pale towards the base; knees snow-white; hind tarsi with 5 broad snow-white bands; middle tarsi with the first and second joints white at the base; wings slightly greyish; veins black, fringed. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Fam. TIPULIDÆ.

Gen. Megistocera, Wied.

4. Megistocera tuscana, Wied. Auss. Zweist. 1. 55. 1. Inhabits also Java.

Gen. Gynoplistia, Westw.

5. Gynoplistia Jurgiosa, n. s. Mas. et Fœm. Nigra, capite rufescente, alis cinereis, plagis costalibus nigro-fuscis.—Mas. Abdomine ochraceo, apice nigro, femoribus basi testaceis.—Fœm. Abdomine atro fasciis albidis apice luteo.

Male and Female. Black. Head reddish; antennæ testaceous at the base; thorax testaceous in front; wings greyish, blackish-brown along the costa, and with three subcostal blackish-brown patches, the third continued along the veins towards the hind border. Male. Abdomen ochraceous, black at the tip; femora testaceous at the base; halteres testaceous. Female. Abdomen deep black, with whitish bands on the sutures; tip luteous. Length of the body 5-6 lines; of the wings 9-10 lines.

Fam. STRATIOMIDÆ, Haliday.

Gen. Ptilocera, Wied.

6. Ptilocera quadridentata. See Vol. 1. p. 7.

7. Massicyta Inflata, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, capite viridi maculis nigris, antennis basi ferrugineis, pectoris callis duobus scutelloque testaceis, abdomine basi sordide albido lineis tribus nigris, fasciis duabus cano-tomentosis, segmentis tertio quartoque apice ferrugineis, tibiis basi tarsisque albidis, alis subcinereis fusco marginatis, stigmate nigricante, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Black. Head dull green, with several black spots; mouth testaceous; antennæ dark ferruginous towards the base; two pectoral calli and the scutellum testaceous; abdomen at the base dingy-whitish and semihyaline, and with three black lines; third and fourth segments with hoary bands, their hind borders ferruginous; tibiæ towards the base, and tarsi, whitish; hind tibiæ with the two colours most distinctly marked; wings grey, with broad brownish borders; stigma blackish; veins black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 11 lines.

8. Massicyta Cerioïdes, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, capite testaceo maculis nigris, antennis basi ferrugineis, pectoris callis duobus, thoracis vittis duabus interruptis, scutello abdominisque fasciis tribus viridibus, segmento abdominali secundo maculis duabus testaceis, tarsis albis, alis nigricanti-fuscis, halteribus viridibus.

Female. Black. Head testaceous, with some black spots on the vertex. Antennæ dark ferruginous towards the base. An interrupted stripe on each side of the thorax, two pectoral calli, the scutellum, and the hind borders of the second, third, and fourth abdominal segments green. Abdomen testaceous at the base beneath; first band interrupted, having before it two testaceous spots. Knees lurid; tarsi white. Wings blackish brown; stigma and veins black; halteres apple-green. Length of the body 5-6 lines; of the wings 10-12 lines.

Gen. Salduba, n. g.

Male. Corpus angustum, sublineare. Caput transversum; vertex angustus. Oculi magni. Antennæ capite transverso valde longiores; articuli primo ad septimum breves; flagellum longum, lanceolatum, subarcuatum. Thorax longus, subcompressus; scutellum inerme. Abdomen planum, thorace paullo longius. Pedes graciles; postici longi. Alæ angustæ.

Male. Body narrow, nearly linear. Head slightly transverse, nearly as broad as the thorax; vertex narrow. Eyes large. Antennæ shorter than the thorax; joints from the first to the seventh short; flagellum long, lanceolate, slightly curved. Thorax long, slightly increasing in breadth from the head to the base of the wings. Abdomen nearly flat and linear, a little longer than the thorax. Legs slender; hind pair long. Wings narrow; veins complete, distinctly marked; first cubital areolet rather short, divided from the second by the oblique first cubital rim; discal areolet large, hexagonal; subanal and anal veins united at some distance from the border.

9. Salduba diphysoides, n. s., Mas. Nigra, ore flavo, thorace vittis quatuor subauratis, abdominis apice cinereo, pedibus albidis, femoribus posticis apices versus tibiisque posticis nigris, alis cinereis, venis stigmateque nigris, halteribus testaceis.

Male. Black. Mouth yellow; thorax with four stripes of slightly gilded tomentum; tip of the abdomen with cinereous tomentum; legs whitish, hind femora towards the tips and hind tibiæ black; wings greyish, veins and stigma black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Gen. Stratiomys.

10. Stratiomys Confertissima, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, subtus ferruginea, capite fulvo, antennis basi fulvis, thorace vittis quatuor subauratis, scutelli margine fulvo, ventre piceo basi testaceo, pedibus fulvis nigro fasciatis; alis subcinereis, venis stigmateque nigris, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Black, ferruginous beneath. Head, antennæ at the base, border of the scutellum, and legs tawny; antennæ a little shorter than the breadth of the head; thorax with four slightly gilded stripes; abdomen beneath piceous, testaceous at the base; femora and tibiæ with broad black bands; wings greyish, stigma and veins black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7½ lines.

11. Stratiomys Nexura, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigra, antennis basi fulvis, capite transverso brevioribus, abdominis lateribus, ventre, tibiis, tarsis halteribusque fulvis, alis limpidis, venis testaceis. Mas. Thorace atro piloso. Fœm. Thorace nigro-æneo angustiore.

Male and female. Black. Head rather prominent; antennæ tawny towards the base, shorter than the breadth of the head; spines of the scutellum, abdomen beneath, tibiæ, tarsi, and halteres tawny; wings limpid, veins testaceous. Male. Thorax deep black, pilose; abdomen tawny along each side. Female. Head shining; thorax æneous black, narrower than that of the male; abdomen with the tawny stripes much narrower than those of the male. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6½ lines.

Gen. Clitellaria, Meigen.

12. Clitellaria bivittata, Fabr. See Vol. I. p. 7.

Gen. Gabaza, n. g.

Fœm. Corpus breve, latum. Caput transversum, thorace paullo angustius; facies valde obliqua. Antennæ capite transverso breviores; articuli breves, transversi; arista longa, gracilis, filiformis. Scutellum prominens, spinis duabus minutis. Abdomen transversum, thorace multo latius. Pedes graciles, breviusculi. Alæ sat angustæ; venæ tenues.

Female. Body short, broad. Head transverse, a little narrower than the thorax; face very oblique. Antennæ shorter than the breadth of the head; joints short, transverse; arista slender, filiform, longer than the preceding part, which is lanceolate. Scutellum prominent, armed with two minute spines. Abdomen transverse, much broader than the thorax. Legs slender, somewhat short. Wings rather narrow; veins feeble, in structure like those of Stratiomys.

13. Gabaza argentea, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, antennis fulvis, arista alba, thorace abdomineque argenteo-tomentosis, tarsis albido-testaceis, alis limpidis, venis pallidis.

Female. Coal-black. Antennæ tawny, arista white; thorax and abdomen with bright silvery tomentum; tarsi whitish testaceous; wings limpid, veins pale. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 3½ lines.

Gen. Sargus, Fabr.

14. Sargus metallinus, Fabr. See Vol. I. p. 110.

15. Sargus complens, n. s. Fœm. Rufescente-fulvus, capitis vertice nigro, antennis testaceis, abdomine fasciis latis abbreviatis piceis, tarsis posticis basi tibiisque posticis nigris, alis cinereis, basi subluridis, apud costam exteriorem nigro-fuscis.

Female. Reddish tawny. Head black above, testaceous beneath; antennæ testaceous; abdomen with four broad abbreviated piceous bands; legs tawny, hind tibiæ black with a tawny apical mark, hind tarsi black towards the base; wings greyish, slightly lurid towards the base, blackish-brown about the exterior part of the costa, veins black, tawny towards the base; halteres testaceous, tawny towards the tips. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 14 lines.

16. Sargus rogans, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Capitis vertice nigro, antennis pedibusque testaceis, tibiis tarsisque posticis nigris, alis subcinereis apice obscurioribus. Mas. Luteo-testaceus. Fœm. Ferrugineus.

Male and Female. Head black above; antennæ and legs testaceous; hind tibiæ and hind tarsi black; wings greyish, darker towards their tips; veins black, tawny towards the base. Male. Lutescent testaceous. Female. Ferruginous; wings darker than those of the male. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 10 lines.

Gen. Nerua, n. g.

Fœm. Corpus longiusculum, sublineare. Caput transversum, thorace non latius. Antennæ breves; articulus tertius rotundus; arista apicalis, longa, tenuis, setiformis. Thorax productus. Scutellum spinis quatuor longiusculis. Abdomen depressum, sublineare, thorace vix latius, non longius. Pedes graciles, non longi. Alæ angustæ; venæ bene determinatæ.

Female. Body rather long, nearly linear. Head transverse, not broader than the thorax. Antennæ short; third joint round; arista apical, long, slender, setiform. Thorax long. Abdomen flat, thin, nearly linear, hardly broader and not longer than the thorax. Legs slender, not long. Wings narrow; veins distinctly marked, in structure like those of Clitellaria.

This genus may be distinguished from Culcua by the shape of the abdomen.

17. Nerua scenopinoïdes, n. s. Fœm. Atra, nitens, antennis fulvis, scutelli spinis pedibusque albis, alis nigro-cinereis, postice pallidioribus, venis nigris, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Coal-black, shining; antennæ tawny; thorax slightly tomentose; spines of the scutellum and legs white; wings blackish grey, paler towards the hind border, veins black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Gen. Adraga, n. g.

Mas. Corpus sublineare. Caput thorace non latius. Oculi connexi. Antennæ brevissimæ; articulus tertius rotundus; arista apicalis, gracilis, setiformis. Thorax sutura transversa bene determinata. Scutellum prominens, trigonum, marginatum. Abdomen thorace paullo brevius, non latius. Pedes breviusculi, validi, non dilatati. Alæ mediocres.

Male. Body nearly linear, rather thick. Head not broader than the thorax. Eyes connected. Antennæ very short; third joint round; arista apical, long, slender, setiform. Thorax with the transverse suture very distinct. Scutellum prominent, triangular, with a border. Abdomen a little shorter and not broader than the thorax. Legs stout, rather short, not dilated. Wings moderately broad; veins in structure like those of Clitellaria.

18. Adraga univitta, n. s. Mas. Nigra, subtilissime punctata, antennis piceis, thorace vitta cinerea, tarsis posterioribus albis, alis nigricantibus.

Male. Coal-black, hardly shining; antennæ piceous; thorax and abdomen very minutely punctured; thorax with a stripe of cinereous tomentum; posterior tarsi white; wings blackish, veins black. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Gen. Obrapa, n. g.

Fœm. Corpus breve, latum, crassum, convexum. Caput transversum, thorace angustius. Antennæ breves; articulus tertius rotundus; arista apicalis, gracilis, setiformis. Thorax sutura transversa bene determinata. Abdomen transversum, thorace paullo latius, valde brevius. Pedes breviusculi, validi; antici subdilatati. Alæ mediocres.

Female. Body short, broad, thick, convex. Head transverse, narrower than the thorax. Antennæ short; third joint round; arista apical, slender, setiform. Thorax with the transverse suture very distinct. Scutellum large, prominent, with a marginal suture. Abdomen transverse, a little broader than the thorax, and not more than half its length. Legs stout, rather short, the fore pair slightly dilated. Wings moderately broad, veins rather irregular; discal areolet large, quadrilateral; externo-medial veins, subanal vein, and anal vein very slight; subanal vein and anal vein united at some distance from the border.

19. Obrapa perilampoïdes, n. s. Fœm. Atra, nitens, subtilissime punctata, capite glabro, antennis piceis, tarsis posterioribus albidis, alis limpidis, venis albidis basi nigris, halteribus niveis.

Female. Deep black, shining, very minutely punctured; head smooth; antennæ piceous; posterior tarsi whitish, with black tips; wings limpid, veins whitish, black towards the base; halteres snow-white. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

20. Obrapa celyphoïdes, n. s. Fœm. Atra, nitens, subtilissime punctata, capite glabro, antennis piceis, tarsis albidis, alis nigro-cinereis, venis nigris, halteribus niveis.

Female. Deep black, very minutely punctured. Head smooth; antennæ piceous; tarsi whitish; wings blackish cinereous, veins black; halteres snow-white. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 4 lines.

Fam. TABANIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Tabanus, Linn.

21. Tabanus recusans, n. s. Fœm. Piceus, cinereo-subtomentosus, callo nigro angusto, antennis rufis apice nigris, humeris rufescentibus, abdomine basi glaucescente, tibiis obscure ferrugineis, alis nigro-fuscis, apice margineque postico cinereis.

Female. Piceous, slightly covered with cinereous tomentum. Callus of the head black, long, slender, entire; antennæ red, black towards the tips, angle of the third joint very small; thorax reddish on each side in front of the forewings; abdomen with glaucous tomentum towards the base; tibiæ mostly dark ferruginous; wings blackish-brown, cinereous towards the tips and along the hind border; veins black; forebranch of the cubital vein simple, very slightly undulating, its tip, like that of the radial vein, clouded with blackish-brown. Length of the body 6½ lines; of the wings 12 lines.

Fam. ASILIDÆ, Leach.

Subfam. Dasypogonites, Walk.

Gen. Dasypogon, Fabr.

22. Dasypogon inopinus, n. s. Fœm. Piceus, facie aurata, mystace parvo albo, antennis ferrugineis, apices versus nigris, capite transverso longioribus, articulo tertio lineari, pectore fasciis tribus canis, abdominis segmentis ferrugineo fasciatis, alis luridis, apud costam nigro-fuscis, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Piceous. Face flat, brightly gilded; epistoma not prominent; mystax with a few white bristles; mouth black; antennæ ferruginous, black towards the tips, longer than the breadth of the head; third joint linear, longer than the first and the second together; pectus with three hoary bands; abdomen subclavate, nearly twice the length of the thorax; a ferruginous band on the hind border of each segment; legs mostly ferruginous; wings lurid, blackish-brown towards the costa, veins black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 8 lines; of the wings 14 lines.

23. Dasypogon honestus, n. s. Lutescente-fulvus, capite, antennis, pedibus alisque nigris, thorace vitta schistacea nigro marginata vittisque duabus lateralibus cinereis, pectore postico nigro, abdomine ——?, tibiis tarsisque posticis fulvis.

Luteous-tawny. Head, antennæ, hind part of the pectus, and legs black, shining; mystax with very few bristles; antennæ almost as long as the breadth of the head, third joint long, slender, linear; thorax with a slate-coloured blackish-bordered stripe, a short slate-coloured stripe on each side; abdomen wanting; hind tibiæ and tarsi tawny; wings blackish, veins black. Length of the body 4? lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Subfam. Laphrites, Walk.

Gen. Laphria, Fabr.

24. Laphria scapularis, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 1. 516. 29. Inhabits also Java.

25. Laphria aurifacies, Macq. See Vol. I. p. 10.

26. Laphria gloriosa, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Aurata, capite pectoreque albis, abdomine purpureo, guttis lateralibus albis, basi viridi, lateribus pedibusque cyaneis, alis fuscis basi cinereis, halteribus testaceis.

Male and Female. Head and pectus with white tomentum and hairs; mystax with a few black bristles; mouth and antennæ black; third joint of the latter linear, conical at the tip, longer than the first and the second together; thorax with cupreous-gilded tomentum; abdomen purple, green at the base, blue and with a row of white dots along each side; legs blue; wings brown, cinereous towards the base, veins black; halteres testaceous. Male. Legs very thick and pilose. Length of the body 9 lines; of the wings 16 lines.

27. Laphria socia, n. s. Fœm. Cyaneo-viridis, capite aurato, antennarum articulo tertio longissimo subfusiformi, thoracis tomento subaurato, vitta media nuda, pectore argenteo, abdomine purpureo-cyaneo basi viridi maculis lateralibus argenteis, alis nigro-cinereis basi cinereis.

Female. Bluish-green. Head brightly gilded, hind part silvery; mystax with six long black bristles; third joint of the antennæ very elongate subfusiform; thorax with slightly gilded tomentum, excepting a broad bare middle stripe; pectus with silvery tomentum; abdomen purplish-blue, green towards the base, with spots of silvery tomentum along each side; hind borders of the ventral segments white; wings grey, blackish-grey for almost half the length from the tips and along three-fourths of the length of the hind border, veins black; halteres ferruginous. Length of the body 8½ lines; of the wings 16 lines.

28. Laphria consobrina, n. s. Fœm. Purpurea, capite aurato, pectore argenteo, abdomine viridi-cyaneo, maculis lateralibus argenteis, alis nigricantibus basi cinereis.

Female. Purple. Head brightly gilded, hind part silvery, underside with white hairs; mystax with six long black bristles; pectus with silvery tomentum; abdomen greenish blue, with spots of silvery tomentum along each side; hind borders of the ventral segments white; wings slightly grey, blackish for full half the length from the tips and along full three-fourths of the length of the hind border, veins black; halteres ferruginous, with black tips. Length of the body 7½ lines; of the wings 14 lines.

This species much resembles L. socia, but may be distinguished by the difference of colour, and more especially by the more undulating first branch vein, by the much less oblique third externo-medial vein, and by the subanal vein, which is united to the anal vein much nearer the border.

29. Laphria sodalis, n. s. Mas. Cyanea, capite aurato, antennarum articulo tertio fusiformi, thoracis lateribus purpureo-viridibus, pectore ventreque argenteis, abdomine maculis lateralibus argenteis, alis cinereis, apice posticeque nigricantibus.

Male. Blue. Head brightly gilded, vertex and hind part silvery, underside with white hairs; mystax with four long black bristles, and with several gilded bristles; third joint of the antennæ elongate-fusiform; sides of the thorax varied with green and purple; abdomen with spots of silvery tomentum along each side, underside and pectus silvery; wings grey, black towards the tips and along half the length of the hind border; halteres white. Length of the body 7 lines; of the wings 13 lines.

The veins of this species are hardly different from those of L. consobrina in structure, excepting the third externo-medial, which is united to the fourth nearer the border.

30. Laphria comes, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Viridi-cyanea, capite aurato, antennarum articulo tertio fusiformi, pectore ventrisque lateribus argenteis, abdomine viridi (mas) aut purpureo-cyaneo (fœm.) maculis lateralibus argenteis, alis nigricantibus basi cinereis.

Male and Female. Greenish blue. Head brightly gilded, hind part silvery; mystax with six long black bristles; third joint of the antennæ elongate-fusiform; pectus with silvery tomentum; abdomen green in the male, purplish-blue in the female, with silvery spots along each side, underside with two silvery stripes; wings blackish, grey at the base and along the costa for more than one-third of the length, veins and halteres black. Length of the body 6—6½ lines; of the wings 11-12 lines.

This may be only a small variety of L. consobrina; but the wings are not darker towards the costa as in that species, and the first branch-vein is much more straight.

31. Laphria consors, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Viridis (mas) aut cyanea (fœm.), capite aurato, antennarum articulo tertio brevifusiformi, pectore argenteo, abdomine æneo-viridi (mas) aut cyaneo-purpureo (fœm.) maculis lateralibus argenteis, alis nigricantibus, basi cinereis.

Male and Female. Green (male) or blue (female). Head gilded, hind part silvery; mystax with a few black bristles; third joint of the antennæ short-fusiform; pectus silvery; abdomen æneous-green in the male, bluish-purple in the female, with silvery spots along each side; wings blackish, grey at the base and along the costa for more than one-third of the length; veins and halteres black. Length of the body 4½—5 lines; of the wings 8-9 lines.

The straight and not oblique third externo-medial vein distinguishes this species from all the preceding Laphriæ.

32. Laphria germana, n. s. Fœm. Cyanea, facie aurata, antennarum articulo tertio longissime subfusiformi, abdominis maculis lateralibus pectoreque argenteis, alis cinereis, basi subcinereis, halteribus albis.

Female. Blue. Head gilded in front, vertex and hind part silvery; mystax with six black bristles; third joint of the antennæ very long, subfusiform; pectus silvery; abdomen purplish blue, shorter than in the preceding species, with silvery spots along each side; wings grey, slightly grey towards the base; halteres white. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 7 lines.

33. Laphria flagrantissima, n. s. Mas. Rufescente-cervina, capite aurato, antennis pedibusque rufescentibus, thorace vittis tribus latissimis (lateralibus abbreviatis) pectoreque nigricantibus, alis lutescentibus, plaga postica interiore fasciaque latissima exteriore nigricantibus.

Male. Reddish fawn colour. Head gilded; mystax with numerous gilded bristles; mouth lanceolate, very stout; antennæ reddish, third joint long, lanceolate, abruptly acuminated at the tip; thorax with three very broad blackish stripes; disk of the pectus black; abdomen with the segments darker towards the base, underside black towards the tip; legs reddish, stout; tarsi with black bands beneath; wings somewhat luteous, with a large blackish patch on the hind border near the base, and with a very broad blackish band near the tip; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 11 lines; of the wings 22 lines.

34. Laphria justa, n. s. Mas. Lutea, capite aurato, ore, antennis apice, thoracis maculis duabus posticis, pectore, abdominis fasciis latis femoribusque nigris, alis cinereis, apud costam luridis.

Male. Luteous. Head gilded; mystax with numerous gilded bristles; mouth short, black; antennæ reddish tawny, third joint lanceolate, black except at the base; thorax with the disk somewhat darker, two large black spots hindward; pectus black; abdomen linear, with a broad black band on the fore border of each segment; femora black above except at the tips, hind femora black also beneath; wings greyish, slightly clouded with dark grey, lurid along the costa for three-fourths of the length; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 8 lines; of the wings 14 lines.

35. Laphria manifesta, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Fulva, capite argenteo (mas) aut pallide aurato (fœm.), antennis apice nigris, thoracis disco et abdominis maculis subtrigonis subæneo-ferrugineis, scutello quadrisetoso, alis subcinereis.

Male and Female. Tawny. Head silvery in the male, pale-gilded in the female; mystax with several slender bristles; mouth lanceolate; third joint of the antennæ very elongate-subfusiform, black towards the tip; disk of the thorax and nearly triangular dorsal spots of the abdomen ferruginous with a slight æneous tinge; pectus testaceous, slightly silvery; wings slightly greyish; veins black, testaceous at the base, where the wings also have a testaceous tinge; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4½—5 lines; of the wings 8-9 lines.

36. Laphria aperta, n. s. Fœm. Testacea, capite subargenteo, antennis abdominisque apice nigris, alis nigricantibus basi limpidis, halteribus albidis.

Female. Testaceous. Head with whitish slightly silvery tomentum; mystax with very few bristles; antennæ black, third joint long, linear, conical at the tip; thorax with a very indistinct darker stripe; abdomen black towards the tip; wings blackish, limpid towards the base; veins black, testaceous at the base; halteres whitish. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

37. Laphria declarata, n. s. Mas. Fulva, capite albo, facie argentea micante, antennis tibiisque posticis nigris, thorace atro, alis cinereis, venis nigris, halteribus testaceis.

Male. Tawny, slender. Head white, face brilliant silvery; mystax with four bristles; mouth black, short, slender; eyes flat in front; antennæ black, almost as long as the breadth of the head; third joint long, slender, lanceolate; thorax deep black; scutellum reddish tawny; hind tibiæ black, with tawny tips; wings greyish, veins black; discal veinlet and third externo-medial vein forming one straight line, as in the genus Atomosia; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Subfam. ASILITES, Walk.

Gen. Trupanea, Macq.

38. Trupanea contradicens, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigricans, cinereo-subtomentosa, thoracis vittis pectoreque cano-tomentosis, pedibus nigris, tibiis rufis apice nigris, alis fusco-cinereis, areola radiali schistaceo vittata. Mas. Capite subaurato, barba testaceo-albida, abdominis segmentis lutescente marginatis. Fœm. Capite barbaque albidis, abdomine stylato, segmentis cano marginatis.

Male and Female. Blackish. Antennæ and legs black; thorax slightly covered with cinereous tomentum; stripes, pectus, and underside of the abdomen hoary; tibiæ red, with black tips; wings brownish grey; radial areolet with a slate-coloured stripe. Male. Head slightly gilded; mystax with a few black bristles and many gilded bristles; beard testaceous-whitish; sides of the abdomen and hind borders of the segments lutescent. Female. Head and beard whitish; mystax with many black bristles and a few white bristles; abdomen with an apical style, more than one-third of the length of the preceding part, sides and hind borders of the segments hoary. Length of the body 12-14 lines; of the wings 14-18 lines.

Gen. Asilus, Linn.

39. Asilus longistylus, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 1. 433. 13. Inhabits also Java.

Gen. Ommatius, Illiger.

40. Ommatius noctifer, n. s. Mas. Niger, capite aurato, thoracis incisuris, scutello, pectore, segmentorum abdominalium marginibus ventreque canis, tibiis fulvis apice nigris, alis cinereis costa apiceque nigricantibus, halteribus ferrugineis.

Male. Black. Head gilded; mystax with a few black and several gilded bristles; sutures of the thorax, scutellum, sides, pectus, hind borders of the abdominal segments, and underside hoary; tibiæ tawny, with black tips; wings cinereous, blackish along the costa and towards the tips, veins black; halteres ferruginous. Length of the body 6—6½ lines; of the wings 11-12 lines.

41. Ommatius lucifer, n. s. Mas. Æneo-niger, capite argenteo, pectore albido, abdominis segmentis ferrugineo marginatis, pedibus testaceis, femoribus nigro-vittatis, tarsis nigris, alis limpidis apice nigricantibus costa atra apud medium incrassata, halteribus testaceis.

Male. Bronze-black. Head silvery in front; mystax with a few black and a few whitish bristles; pectus whitish; hind borders of the abdominal segments ferruginous; legs testaceous; femora striped with black; tarsi black, ferruginous at the base; wings limpid, blackish at the tips; costa deep black, incrassated in the middle; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 11 lines.

42. Ommatius retrahens, n. s. Fœm. Cinereo-niger, facie argentea, pectore albido, pedibus testaceis, tarsis, femoribus tibiisque apice femoribusque posticis nigris, alis limpidis apice subcinereis, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Cinereous-black. Head silvery white in front; mystax with very few white and black bristles; pectus whitish; legs testaceous; tips of the anterior femora and of the middle tibiæ black; hind femora and hind tarsi black; anterior tarsi and hind tibiæ black, testaceous towards the base; wings limpid, slightly cinereous towards the tips; veins black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Gen. Leptogaster, Meigen.

43. Leptogaster ferrugineus, n. s. Mas. Ferrugineus, pectore albo, abdomine nigro, segmentorum marginibus ventreque testaceis, pedibus fulvis, femoribus apice nigris, tibiis piceo vittatis, tibiis posticis tarsisque nigris basi testaceis, alis sublimpidis, halteribus testaceis apice piceis.

Male. Ferruginous. Head pale, gilded in front, hind side and pectus white; mouth and antennæ tawny, the latter blackish towards the tips; abdomen black; hind borders of the segments and under side testaceous; legs tawny; anterior femora with a testaceous band before the tips, which are black; hind femora and anterior tibiæ striped with piceous, the latter black towards the tips; tarsi and hind tibiæ black, testaceous at the base; wings very slightly greyish, veins black; halteres testaceous, piceous towards the tips. Length of the body 7 lines; of the wings 10 lines.

44. Leptogaster longipes, n. s. Mas. Ferrugineus, pectore albido, abdomine piceo, segmentis apice fulvescentibus, pedibus anterioribus fulvescentibus, posticis piceis longissimis, femoribus posticis basi testaceis, alis subcinereis basi obscurioribus costa venisque nigris, halteribus testaceis apice nigris.

Male. Ferruginous. Head testaceous in front; mouth and antennæ black; pectus whitish; abdomen piceous, hind borders of the segments somewhat tawny; legs somewhat tawny; hind legs piceous, very long, their femora testaceous at the base; wings slightly greyish, darker towards the base, costa and veins black; halteres testaceous, with black knobs. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

45. Leptogaster albimanus, n. s. Mas. Niger, capite antico pectoreque albis, antennis basi ferrugineis, abdominis segmentis cano fasciatis, femoribus, tibiis tarsisque basi albis, femoribus posticis luteo fasciatis, alis limpidis, halteribus albidis apice piceis.

Male. Black. Head in front and the pectus white; antennæ ferruginous at the base; abdomen long, a hoary band on the hind border of each segment; femora, tibiæ, and tarsi white at the base; hind legs long, rather stout; hind femora with a luteous band; wings limpid, veins black; halteres whitish, with piceous knobs. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Fam. LEPTIDÆ, Westw.

Gen. Leptis, Fabr.

46. Leptis ferruginosa, Wied. See Vol. I. p. 118.

Gen. Chrysopila, Macq.

47. Chrysopila vacillans, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Lutescens, capite nigro, thorace subvittato, abdominis segmentis nigro fasciatis, alis sublimpidis apud costam flavescentibus, venis fusco latissime marginatis, stigmate nigro-fusco.

Male and Female. Lutescent. Head of the female black, shining; thorax with two brown bands which are paler and indistinct hindward; abdomen with a broad black band on each segment; tarsi blackish towards the tips; wings nearly limpid, yellowish along the costa, veins exteriorly with very broad brownish borders, stigma blackish brown. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Fam. BOMBYLIDÆ, Leach.

Subfam. Therevites, Walk.

48. Thereva congrua, n. s. Mas. Nigra, glaucescente albo tomentosa, albo pilosa, capite argenteo, thorace trivittato et bilineato, pedibus nigris, femoribus albis, alis cinereis stigmate elongato venisque nigris.

Male. Black, with glaucous-white tomentum and with white hairs. Head silvery in front; thorax with three blackish brown stripes, the middle one with a dark stripe on each side, broader and more distinct than the lateral pair; abdomen beneath and legs black, femora white; wings grey, with an elongated black stigma and black veins; halteres black. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Subfam. Bombylites, Walk.

Gen. Anthrax, Fabr.

49. Anthrax pelops, n. s. Mas. Ferruginea, thoracis margine rufo piloso, pectore abdomineque nigris, abdomine fasciis duabus, maculis duabus apicalibus, plagaque ventrali subtrigona argenteis, alis cinereis, basi costaque nigris.

Male. Closely allied to A. Tantalus. Dark ferruginous. Head above, antennæ, pectus, abdomen, and legs black; thorax bordered with red hairs; pectus with a silvery dot on each side; abdomen with red hairs on each side at the base, with two silvery bands, with two silvery apical spots, and with a ventral, nearly triangular, silvery patch; wings cinereous, black at the base and along five-sixths of the length of the costa, veins and halteres black. Length of the body 8 lines; of the wings 18 lines.

50. Anthrax semiscita, Walk. See Vol. I. p. 118.

51. Anthrax degenera, Walk. See Vol. I. p. 15.

Gen. Geron, Meigen.

52. Geron simplex, n. s. Mas. Ater, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis subcinereis, halteribus fulvis.

Male. Deep black. Eyes bright red; proboscis a little longer than the thorax; antennæ and legs black; wings slightly greyish, veins black; halteres tawny. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Fam. EMPIDOÆ, Leach.

Gen. Hybos, Fabr.

53. Hybos bicolor, n. s. Mas. Fulvus, ore antennisque testaceis, abdomine, femoribus posticis apice tibiisque anticis piceis, tarsis anterioribus ferrugineis, alis obscure cinereis.

Male. Tawny. Mouth and antennæ testaceous; abdomen, hind femora at the tips, and fore tibiæ piceous, anterior tarsi ferruginous; wings dark grey, veins black. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Fam. DOLICHOPIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Psilopus, Meigen.

54. Psilopus æneus, Fabr. Syst. Antl. 268. 9.

Inhabits also Java.

55. Psilopus benedictus, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Aureo-viridis, facie pectoreque argenteis, antennis testaceis apice nigris, thorace vittis tribus cupreis, abdomine fasciis cupreo-purpureis, maculis lateralibus albidis, pedibus testaceis tibiis posticis tarsisque nigris, alis subcinereis, costam versus et apud venas transversas nigro-fuscis, halteribus testaceis. Fœm. Vertice cyaneo-purpureo, abdomine fasciis cyaneis.

Male and Female. Golden green. Face silvery; antennæ testaceous, black towards the tips, arista full as long as the thorax; thorax with three cupreous stripes; pectus silvery; abdomen with cupreous purple bands and with whitish spots along each side; legs testaceous, tarsi and hind tibiæ black; wings slightly greyish, blackish brown along the costa and about the transverse veins, veins black, fore branch of the præbrachial vein curved inward, discal transverse vein undulating; halteres testaceous. Female. Vertex bluish purple; abdomen with blue bands. Length of the body 4—4½ lines; of the wings 7-8 lines.

56. Psilopus lucigena, n. s. Mas. Aureo-viridis, facie pectoreque argenteis, antennis tarsisque nigris, thorace vittis tribus rufo-cupreis, abdomine fasciis cupreo-purpureis, femoribus lutescentibus, tibiis piceis, femoribus anticis apice nigricantibus, alis nigris apice albis, halteribus fulvis apice nigris.

Male. Golden green. Face and pectus silvery; antennæ black, arista longer than the thorax; thorax with three broad reddish cupreous stripes; abdomen with broad cupreous purple bands; femora lutescent, tibiæ piceous, fore femora blackish towards the tips, tarsi black; wings black, tips snow-white, fore branch of the præbrachial vein slightly curved inward, discal transverse vein much curved outward; halteres tawny, with black tips. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 9 lines.

57. Psilopus flavicornis, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 11. 227. 31.

Inhabits also Sumatra.

58. Psilopus terminifer, n. s. Mas. Aureo-viridis, vertice cyaneo-purpureo, facie pectoreque argenteis, antennis, pedibus halteribusque testaceis, abdomine apicem versus atro fasciis duabus cupreis, alis subcinereis apice nigris.

Male. Golden-green, slender. Vertex bluish-purple; face and pectus silvery; antennæ testaceous, arista about half the length of the body; fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen deep black with a cupreous band on the hind border of each segment, tip blue; legs and halteres testaceous; wings greyish, paler along the hind border, tips black, fore branch of the præbrachial vein slightly curved inward, discal transverse vein slightly undulating. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

59. Psilopus orcifer, n. s. Fœm. Purpureus, facie pectoreque subcinereis, antennis, pedibus halteribusque nigris, abdomine cyaneo-viridi segmentorum marginibus posticis purpureis, alis nigricantibus margine postico cinereo. Var. Viridis, vertice cyaneo, abdominis segmentis basi nigris.

Female. Purple, rather stout. Face and pectus slightly cinereous; antennæ, legs, and halteres black; abdomen bluish-green, hind borders of the segments purple; wings blackish, cinereous along the hind border, fore branch of the præbrachial vein forming an obtuse angle, discal transverse vein very undulating. Var. Green. Vertex blue; abdominal segments black at the base. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

60. Psilopus egens, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Purpureus, facie pectoreque cyaneo-viridi cinereo subtomentosis, antennis, pedibus halteribusque nigris, metathorace viridi, abdomine cyaneo, suturis nigris, alis cinereis.

Male and Female. Purple. Face and pectus slightly covered with cinereous tomentum, the latter bluish-green; antennæ black, arista much more than half the length of the body; metathorax green; abdomen blue, sutures black; legs and halteres black; wings grey, fore branch of the præbrachial vein much curved inward, discal transverse vein straight; length of the body 2½—2¾ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Gen. DOLICHOPUS, Latr.

61. Dolichopus trigonifer, n. s. Fœm. Cupreo-viridis, facie argentea, antennis, pedibus halteribusque testaceis, pectore, ventre abdominisque maculis lateralibus trigonis albidis, abdomine purpureo marginibus posticis nigris, tarsis posterioribus nigricantibus, alis cinereis.

Female. Cupreous green. Face silvery; antennæ, legs, and halteres testaceous; pectus, abdomen beneath, and triangular spots on each side whitish; abdomen purple, hind borders of the segments black; posterior tarsi blackish; wings grey, veins black, præbrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, between which and the border it is much curved inward, discal transverse vein very slightly curved outwards. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

This species resembles the Psilopi in the structure of the præbrachial vein.

Gen. Diaphorus, Meigen.

62. Diaphorus resumens, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Obscure viridis (mas) aut niger (fœm.), facie pectoreque albidis, antennis piceis, abdomine nigro-cupreo basi obscure testaceo, pedibus anterioribus tibiisque posticis basi obscure testaceis, pedibus posticis nigris, alis nigricantibus apud marginem posticum pallidioribus, halteribus testaceis.

Male and Female. Dark green (male) or black (female). Face and pectus whitish; antennæ piceous; abdomen cupreous-black, dull testaceous towards the base; hind legs black, hind tibiæ towards the base and anterior legs dull testaceous; wings blackish, paler along the hind border, veins black, præbrachial vein and discal transverse vein straight; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 3½ lines.

Fam. SYRPHIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Ceria, Fabr.

63. Ceria smaragdina, n. s. Fœm. Saturate metallico-viridis, subtilissime punctata, faciei lateribus cupreis, antennis nigris, arista nivea, thorace bivittato, abdomine æneo-viridi, tarsis nigris, alis dimidio costali nigro, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Deep metallic green, very finely punctured. Head blue in front, sides of the face cupreous-purple; mouth, antennæ, and tarsi black; arista snow-white; thorax with two almost contiguous darker stripes; abdomen æneous green, with the exception of the petiole, which is very thick; wings slightly greyish, costal half black; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 7 lines; of the wings 14 lines.

64. Ceria relicta, n. s. Mas. Nigra, faciei lateribus, thoracis maculis quatuor humeralibus, pectoris fasciis duabus lateralibus, scutello, abdominis maculis duabus basalibus fasciisque duabus flavis, tibiis flavescentibus apice piceis, alis apud costam nigris, halteribus testaceis.

Male. Black. Head yellow beneath, and in front with the exception of a black stripe on the disk of the face; arista white; thorax with two yellow spots on each side in front; scutellum yellow; pectus with an oblique yellow band on each side; abdomen not petiolated, with a tumid yellow spot on each side at the base, hind borders of the third and fourth segments yellow; femora at the tips and tibiæ yellow, the latter piceous towards the tips, tarsi piceous; wings greyish-black towards the costa, excepting a lurid costal streak which extends along half the length from the base; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 11 lines.

65. Ceria relicta, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, faciei lateribus abdominisque fasciis duabus flavis, antennis ferrugineo variis, pedibus fulvis, alis cinereis costam versus nigris, halteribus stramineis.

Female. Black. Head yellow, beneath and in front with the exception of a black stripe on the disk of the face; first and third joints of the antennæ somewhat ferruginous, arista white; thorax with two indistinct yellowish marks on the transverse suture, hind border of the scutellum and hind borders of the second and third abdominal segments yellow; legs tawny, tibiæ paler towards the base; wings green, black for nearly half the breadth from the costa; halteres straw-colour. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 11 lines.

This may prove to be the female of C. relictura, notwithstanding its great difference from that species in the marks of the thorax and of the abdomen, and in the colour of the legs.

Gen. Microdon, Meig.

66. Microdon fulvicornis, n. s. Mas. Niger, aureo-subpubescens, antennis, abdomine, pedibus halteribusque fulvis, femoribus nigris, tibiis nigro vittatis, alis fuscis postice cinereis.

Male. Black. Head with gilded pubescence, cinereous behind and beneath; antennæ tawny, second joint above towards the tip and third joint piceous; thorax slightly covered with gilded tomentum; pectus with cinereous tomentum; abdomen with gilded tomentum towards the tip; legs tawny, femora mostly black, tibiæ with black stripes; wings cinereous, dark-brown about the costa, veinlet which bisects the subapical areolet incomplete, as it is also in the following species; halteres tawny. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 12 lines.

67. Microdon apicalis, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Niger, aureo-pubescens, thorace abdomineque fasciatis, pedibus halteribusque fulvis, alis nigro-fuscis postice obscure cinereis.

Male and Female. Black, with gilded tomentum, which forms two bands on the thorax, and one on each side of the pectus; abdomen with three gilded tomentose bands, the third subapical, first segment ferruginous beneath; legs tawny, femora at the base and coxæ black; wings blackish-brown, dark cinereous hindward; halteres tawny. Length of the body 5-6 lines; of the wings 10-12 lines.

Gen. Graptomyza, Wied.

68. Graptomyza tibialis, n. s. Mas. Testacea, vertice pectorisque fasciis duabus piceis, antennis supra nigris, abdominis lateribus fasciis duabus subtrigonis apiceque nigris, alis cinereis.

Male. Testaceous. Vertex and mouth piceous; epistoma with a piceous line on each side; third joint of the antennæ black above; abdomen black along each side and at the tip, and with two black bands which are angular in front; wings cinereous. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Gen. Eristalis, Latr.

69. Eristalis splendens, Leguillon, Voy. aut. du Monde; Macq. Dipt. Exot. 11. 2. 49. 28.

Inhabits also Solomon's Islands.

70. Eristalis resolutus, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Niger, capite antice albo, thorace vittis duabus fasciaque pectorisque disco cinereis, scutello fulvo, abdomine fasciis interruptis æneo-viridibus, tibiis basi fulvescentibus, alis fuscis (mas) aut obscure fuscis (fœm.) basi cinereis, halteribus testaceis.

Male and Female. Black. Head shining, with white tomentum beneath and on each side of the face; third joint of the antennæ piceous, arista simple; thorax with two cinereous stripes and with one cinereous band, somewhat chalybeous towards the scutellum, which is tawny; the band continued on each side of the pectus, whose disk is cinereous; abdomen with an interrupted æneous-green band on the second segment, third and fourth segments æneous-green, each with three large black spots; tibia somewhat tawny towards the base; wings brown (male) or dark brown (female), cinereous towards the base; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 10 lines.

71. Eristalis conductus, n. s. Fœm. Niger, faciei lateribus albis, antennis, scutello, abdominis fasciis pedibusque testaceis, thorace antico albido, alis subcinereis apice obscurioribus.

Female. Black. Head shining, with white tomentum behind, beneath and on each side of the face; antennæ, scutellum, and legs testaceous, arista simple; thorax whitish in front, the whitish part continued in a short band on each side of the pectus; abdomen testaceous at the base and beneath, and with three testaceous bands; hind tibiæ with black tips; wings slightly greyish, darker towards the tips, cubital vein much less bent than usual; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

72. Eristalis suavissimus, n. s. Fœm. Fulvus, capite testaceo vertice nigro, thorace vittis quinque testaceis, abdomine nigro maculis sex lutescentibus, segmentorum marginibus posticis æneis, pedibus nigris testaceo fasciatis, alis sublimpidis punctis duobus costalibus nigris.

Female. Tawny. Head with testaceous tomentum, vertex black, shining; antennæ testaceous, arista simple; thorax with five testaceous stripes; pectus with two oblique testaceous bands on each side; abdomen black, with six somewhat luteous spots, the basal pair larger and darker than the middle pair, which are larger than the hind pair, apical segment with two testaceous points, hind borders of the segments æneous above, testaceous beneath; legs black, tibiæ at the base and tarsi testaceous; wings nearly limpid, costa with two black points; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 5½ lines; of the wings 10 lines.

73. Eristalis muscoïdes, n. s. Mas. Cyaneo-viridis subchalybeus, capitis callo antennisque fulvis, faciei lateribus albo tomentosis, thorace subvittato, abdomine nigro maculis æneo-viridibus, pedibus nigris, alis subcinereis, halteribus albis.

Male. Bluish-green, with a slight chalybeous tinge. Face with white tomentum along each side, middle callus tawny, shining; antennæ pale tawny, arista plumose; thorax with three indistinct black stripes, the lateral pair oblique, callus on each side beneath pale tawny; abdomen black, second segment with a broad interrupted bluish green band, third segment with four æneous-green streaks, fourth segment also with four streaks which are united on the hind border, ventral segments whitish on each side; legs black; femora bluish black towards the base; wings slightly cinereous; halteres white. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Gen. Helophilus, Meigen.

74. Helophilus quadrivittatus, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 11. 168. 22. (Eristalis).

Inhabits also Hindostan.

75. Helophilus mesoleucus, n. s. Fœm. Niger, faciei lateribus niveo tomentosis, thorace vittis quatuor canis, scutello, abdominis fascia antica latissima interrupta basique lutescentibus, alis cinereis, venis basi halteribusque fulvis.

Female. Black. Face with snow-white tomentum on each side; thorax with four hoary stripes; pectus with a cinereous disk; scutellum pale luteous; abdomen pale luteous at the base, and with a broad interrupted pale luteous band on the second segment, third and fourth segments somewhat chalybeous, the former livid along the fore border, under side with two lateral abbreviated pale luteous stripes; hind femora thick; wings grey, veins towards the base, and halteres, tawny. Length of the body 6½ lines; of the wings 12 lines.

Gen. Xylota, Meigen.

76. Xylota ventralis, n. s. Fœm. Nigro-chalybea, capite albido tomentoso, scutello fulvo, vittis duabus ventralibus latis abbreviatis testaceis, pedibus piceo et testaceo variis, alis fuscis basi cinereis, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Blackish chalybeous. Head with whitish tomentum, excepting the callus on the vertex and another on the front; mouth and antennæ black; scutellum tawny; abdomen beneath with two very broad testaceous stripes extending from the base to two-thirds of the length; legs dingy testaceous, femora and hind tibiæ partly piceous, hind femora thick, piceous, slightly chalybeous, armed with spines beneath; wings dark brown, cinereous towards the base; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Gen. Orthoneura, Macq.

77. Orthoneura basalis, n. s. Fœm. Chalybeo-nigra, nitens, cano-subtomentosa, antennis ferrugineis basi fulvis articulo tertio elongato, tarsis posterioribus piceis, tarsis anticis tibiisque anterioribus fulvis, his nigro fasciatis, alis subcinereis fusco fasciatis, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Chalybeous-black, very shining, partly and slightly covered with hoary tomentum; antennæ tawny, third joint ferruginous, long, linear, tawny at the base; anterior tibiæ tawny with a black band, fore tarsi tawny, hinder tarsi piceous; wings greyish, with a subapical brown band which is abbreviated hindward, veins towards the base and halteres testaceous; alulæ whitish. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Gen. Syrphus, Fabr.

78. Syrphus ægrotus, Fabr. See Vol. I. p. 124.

79. Syrphus ericetorum, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. 287. 34. Inhabits also Sierra Leone, Hindostan, and Java.

Fam. MUSCIDÆ, Latr.

Subfam. Tachinides, Walk.

Gen. Masicera, Macq.

80. Masicera notabilis, n. s. Mas. Nigra, longiuscula, capite abdominisque fasciis albis, frontalibus atris, pectore cano, scutelli margine postico abdominisque lateribus ferrugineis, alis cinereis, venis fusco marginatis.

Male. Black, rather long, with long stout bristles; head white, silvery, with white hairs behind and beneath, frontalia deep black, widening slightly to the face, facialia without bristles, epistoma not prominent; eyes bare; palpi ferruginous at the tips; antennæ extending to the epistoma, third joint slightly widening towards the tip, nearly four times the length of the second, arista slender, very much longer than the third joint; pectus and sides of the thorax hoary, hind border of the scutellum ferruginous; abdomen fusiform, much longer than the thorax, with a broad slightly interrupted white band on the fore border of each segment, sides of the second and third segments slightly ferruginous; wings grey, veins black bordered with brown, præbrachial vein forming a slightly acute angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip, discal transverse vein curved inward, parted by less than its length from the border, and by rather more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ white; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 12 lines.

81. Masicera? tentata, n. s. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite argenteo frontalibus atris, antennarum articulo tertio basi rufo, thorace quadrivittato, abdomine?, pedibus longiusculis, alis nigricantibus postice cinereis.

Black, with cinereous tomentum and with moderately stout bristles. Head silvery with white hairs behind and beneath, frontalia deep black, slightly widening towards the face, facialia without bristles, epistoma not prominent; antennæ extending nearly to the epistoma; third joint cinereous, slender, linear, red towards the base, rounded at the tip, more than four times the length of the second; arista slender, much longer than the third joint; thorax with four slender black stripes; scutellum not cinereous; abdomen wanting; legs rather long and slender; wings blackish, cinereous hindward and at the tips, veins black, præbrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is almost straight to its tip, discal transverse vein slightly undulating, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by a little less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ large, yellowish white; halteres piceous. Length of the body 4? lines; of the wings 7 lines.

82. Masicera solennis, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, breviuscula, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus atris, thorace quadrivittato, scutelli margine postico ferrugineo, abdomine subtessellato, alis cinereis.

Female. Black, rather short, with cinereous tomentum. Head white, with white hairs behind and beneath, frontalia deep black, widening towards the face, facialia without bristles, epistoma not prominent; eyes bare; antennæ almost reaching the epistoma, third joint cinereous, linear, rounded at the tip, more than four times the length of of the second, arista slightly stout towards the base, much longer than the third joint; thorax with four slender black stripes; scutellum ferruginous along the hind border; abdomen short-conical, with three broad interrupted cinereous bands; legs rather short; wings grey, veins black, præbrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is almost straight to its tip, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by much less than its length from the border and by a little less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ cinereous. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

83. Masicera simplex, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, capite albo, frontalibus atris, thorace cinereo-tomentoso quadrivittato, abdomine fasciis cinereis late interruptis, alis cinereis.

Female. Black, with stout bristles. Head white, with white hairs beneath, frontalia deep black, linear, face oblique, facialia without bristles, epistoma not prominent; eyes bare; antennæ almost reaching the epistoma, third joint cinereous, linear, rather broad, almost truncated at the tip, about four times the length of the second, arista slender, very much longer than the third joint; thorax and pectus with cinereous tomentum, the former with four slender black stripes; abdomen shining, subelliptical, a little longer than the thorax, with a widely interrupted cinereous band on the fore border of each segment; legs stout; wings cinereous; veins black; præbrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is straight to its tip, discal transverse vein almost straight, parted by hardly less than its length from the border, and by very much more than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ white. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

84. Masicera guttata, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, capite albo, frontalibus atris, thoracis vittis tribus pectoreque cinereis, abdomine guttis lateralibus albis, alis cinereis.

Female. Black, with short slight bristles. Head white, frontalia deep black, widening slightly towards the epistoma, face oblique, facialia without bristles, epistoma not prominent; antennæ reaching the epistoma, third joint linear, slightly truncated at the tip, full four times the length of the second, arista slender; thorax with three cinereous stripes; pectus cinereous; abdomen elongate-oval, a little longer than the thorax, a row of white dots along each side on the fore borders of the segments; wings cinereous, a little darker along the costa towards the base, veins black, præbrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is almost straight to its tips; discal transverse vein straight, parted by more than its length from the border and by nearly twice its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ whitish. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 4 lines.

Gen. Eurygaster, Macq.

85. Eurygaster tentans, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, latiuscula, cinereo tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus atris, thorace vittis quatuor nigris, scutelli margine postico ferrugineo, abdomine subtessellato, alis cinereis apud costam subfuscis.

Female. Black, rather broad, with cinereous tomentum. Head white, with white hairs behind and beneath, frontalia deep black, narrow, widening towards the face, which is oblique, facialia with bristles along more than one-third of the length from the frontalia, epistoma not prominent; eyes pubescent, palpi ferruginous; antennæ extending to the epistoma, third joint cinereous, hardly widening from the base to the tip, which is somewhat truncated, arista slender, very much longer than the third joint; thorax with four indistinct black stripes; scutellum ferruginous hindward; abdomen conical, not longer than the thorax, with three broad, slightly interrupted, cinereous bands, second segment indistinctly ferruginous on each side; legs stout; wings grey, slightly brownish in front, veins black, testaceous towards the base, præbrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to its tip, discal transverse vein very slightly undulating, parted by much less than its length from the border and from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ whitish. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

86. Eurygaster decipiens, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, aureo-tomentosa, capite antico argenteo frontalibus atris, antennis ferrugineis, thorace vittis quatuor nigris, abdomine fulvo subtessellato vitta basali nigra, pedibus fulvis, alis cinereis.

Female. Black, stout, with gilded tomentum. Head silvery white in front and beneath, frontalia deep black, widening slightly towards the upright face, the bristles on each side hardly extending to the facialia, epistoma not prominent; eyes bare; antennæ ferruginous, extending to the epistoma, third joint linear, somewhat truncated at the tip, more than four times the length of the second joint, arista slender, much longer than the third joint; thorax with numerous long bristles, with four slight black stripes; pectus cinereous; abdomen tawny, conical, not longer than the thorax, with short stout bristles, and with three broad, slightly gilded, somewhat interrupted bands, a short black stripe at the base; legs tawny, stout, tibiæ darker than the femora, tarsi piceous; wings grey, somewhat darker in front, veins black, præbrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by more than half its length from the border, and by a little less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ slightly cinereous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

87. Eurygaster phasioïdes, n. s. Mas. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo frontalibus atris, antennis, scutello, abdomine femoribusque fulvis, abdomine fasciis duabus posticis albidis vittaque nigra, alis cinereis basi albis, costa plagaque nigricantibus.

Male. Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white, frontalia deep black, widening towards the upright face, facialia with bristles along more than half the length from the epistoma, which is not prominent; eyes bare; palpi testaceous; antennæ tawny, extending to the epistoma, third joint linear, slightly rounded at the tip, more than four times the length of the second joint, arista slender, much longer than the third joint; thorax with four very slender black stripes; abdomen tawny, short-oval, not longer than the thorax, with a black stripe which does not extend to the tip, third and fourth segments with a white band along each fore border; legs very stout, femora tawny; wings cinereous, white and with testaceous veins at the base, blackish along the costa, and with a broad black band which is abbreviated hindward, præbrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is very slightly curved inward to its tip, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by hardly less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ whitish. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Subfam. Dexides, Walk.

Gen. Rutilia, Desv.

88. Rutilia plumicornis, Guérin, Macq. Dipt. Exot. 11. 3. 82. 3. Pl. 9. f. 8.

Inhabits also Offak, New Guinea.

89. Rutilia angustipennis, n. s. Fœm. Nigro-viridis, capite cinereo frontalibus atris, thoracis lateribus subpurpurascentibus, scutello purpureo, abdomine viridi basi purpureo, tibiis ferrugineis, alis angustis lanceolatis obscure fuscis basi nigris.

Female. Blackish-green. Head cinereous, frontalia deep black, widening much towards the face, epistoma very prominent, arista stout, bare; thorax with almost obsolete stripes, purplish along each side; scutellum mostly purple; abdomen dark green, purple at the base; legs black, tibiæ ferruginous; wings narrow, lanceolate, dark brown, black towards the base, præbrachial vein forming a much rounded angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip, discal transverse vein very slightly undulating, parted by less than half its length from the border, and by much more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ dark brownish cinereous. Length of the body 8 lines; of the wings 16 lines.

Gen. DEXIA, Meigen.

90. Dexia pectoralis, n. s. Fœm. Testacea, capite pectoreque albis frontalibus atris, antennis fulvis, thorace cinereo vittis quatuor nigris, abdomine fulvo apicem versus spinoso fasciis duabus nigris, pedibus longis tibiis tarsisque nigris, alis cinereis venis subfusco late marginatis.

Female. Testaceous. Head white, frontalia deep black, widening towards the face, facialia without bristles, epistoma prominent; antennæ tawny, not reaching the epistoma, third joint of the antennæ long, linear, arista plumose; thorax cinereous, with four black stripes, of which the inner pair are much narrower than the outer pair; scutellum tawny hindward; pectus white; abdomen tawny, with a few spines towards the tip, hind borders of the third and fourth segments and tips black; legs long, black, coxæ and femora testaceous; wings grey, veins very broadly bordered with pale brown, præbrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, between which and its tip it is slightly curved inward, discal transverse vein undulating, parted by about half its length from the border, and by a little less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ cinereous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 9 lines.

Gen. PROSENA, St.-Farg.

91. Prosena Argentata, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Testacea (mas) aut nigra (fœm.), capite thoraceque argenteis, antennis fulvis, abdomine longo fasciis vittaque nigris (mas) aut breviore fasciis cinereis lateribusque basi testaceis (fœm.), pedibus nigris femoribus testaceis, alis subfuscescentibus (mas) aut cinereis (fœm.).

Male and Female. Head and thorax with bright silvery tomentum, facialia without bristles, epistoma slightly prominent; eyes bare; mouth black, testaceous towards the base, full as long as the thorax; antennæ tawny, not reaching the epistoma, arista plumose; legs black, coxæ and femora testaceous; wings grey, veins black. Male. Testaceous. Pectus mostly white; abdomen elongate-conical, with slight whitish reflexions, dorsal stripe and hind borders of the segments black; legs long; wings brownish towards the costa and about the veins, præbrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, between which and its tip it is very slightly curved inward, discal transverse vein hardly undulating, parted by less than half its length from the border, and by less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 10 lines. Female. Black. Pectus silvery; scutellum deep black; abdomen conical, with broad cinereous bands, first and second segments with broad interrupted testaceous bands, a testaceous mark on each side of the third segment at the base; legs rather long, femora with black tips; præbrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, curved inward from thence to its tip, discal transverse vein curved inward near its hind end, parted by less than its length from the border and from the flexure of the præbrachial. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Subfam. Sarcophagides, Walk.

Gen. Sarcophaga, Meigen.

92. Sarcophaga compta, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite aurato subtus fulvo piloso, thorace vittis tribus nigris, abdomine tessellato, alis obscure cinereis.

Female. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head gilded in front, clothed behind and beneath with tawny hairs, frontalia deep black, hardly widening towards the face; thorax with three black very distinctly marked stripes, the middle one dilated on the scutellum; abdomen distinctly tessellated with six large cinereous excavated spots; wings grey, præbrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip, discal transverse vein hardly undulating, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by little more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ white. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 10 lines.

93. Sarcophaga invaria, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite maris albo, thorace vittis quinque nigris, abdomine tessellato, alis cinereis.

Male and Female. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Thorax with five black stripes, the lateral pair incomplete; abdomen distinctly tessellated, the spots being much excavated; wings grey, præbrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip, discal transverse vein hardly undulating, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by rather more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ white. Male. Head silvery white, frontalia deep black, linear; tomentum of the thorax and of the abdomen more whitish than that of the female. Female. Frontalia slightly widening towards the face. Length of the body 4—4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Subfam. Muscides, Walk.

Gen. Idia, Meigen.

94. Idia australis, Walk. Cat. Dipt. pt. 4. 809.

Inhabits also Australia.

95. Idia æqualis, n. s. Fœm. Ænea, capite subtuberculato, thoracis lateribus pectoreque albido-testaceis lineis duabus lateralibus æneis, abdomine fulvo fasciis tribus æneis, pedibus testaccis tibiis apice femoribusque æneis, alis cinereis apice nigricantibus.

Female. Æneous-whitish, testaceous beneath. Head with minute tubercles on each side of the front, frontalia piceous, linear; thorax with an æneous stripe on each side in a line with the base of the wings, and with numerous points between these lines and the disk; abdomen pale tawny, with three æneous bands on the hind borders of the segments; legs testaceous, tibiæ towards the tips and femora æneous; wings greyish, with blackish tips, præbrachial vein forming an obtuse and much-rounded angle at its flexure, from whence it is almost straight to its tip, discal transverse vein parted by about half its length from the border and by about its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ very slightly cinereous; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Gen. Musca, Linn.

96. Musca gloriosa, n. s. (genus Silbomyia, Macq.) Fœm. Cyaneo-viridis, capite lætissime aurato frontalibus atris, antennis pedibusque nigris, thorace vittis quatuor cupreis, pectore maculis quatuor albis, abdomine viridi-cyaneo, vitta tenui purpurea, alis cinereis apud costam nigris, alulis albis.

Female. Golden green. Head brilliantly gilded, frontalia deep black, widening towards the face; a brilliantly-gilded lanceolate streak between the antennæ, which are black; epistoma piceous, slightly prominent; thorax with four cupreous stripes; pectus with four white tomentose spots; abdomen greenish blue with a very slender purple stripe; legs black, femora blackish green; wings grey, black for full one-third of the breadth from the costa, præbrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is nearly straight to its tip, discal transverse vein very slightly undulating, parted by less than half its length from the border, and by more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ pure white. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 12 lines.

97. Musca opulenta, N. S. (genus Silbomyia, Macq.) Fœm. Aureo-viridis, Capite Aurato, Frontalibus atris, antennis piceis, thorace vittis quatuor subobsoletis cupreis, pectore maculis duabus albis, alis cinereis apud costam nigris, alulis albis.

Female. Golden green. Head brightly gilded, frontalia deep black, linear, epistoma piceous, slightly prominent; antennæ piceous; thorax with four almost obsolete cupreous stripes; pectus with a spot of white tomentum on each side; abdomen with a very indistinct cupreous stripe; tibiæ and tarsi black; wings grey, black along the costa, præbrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip, discal transverse vein undulating, parted by more than half its length from the border and from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ white. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

98. Musca macularis, n. s. (genus Chrysomyia? Desv.) Mas et Fœm. Aureo-viridis, capite argenteo antice aurato frontalibus atris, antennis pedibusque nigris, thorace vittis tribus cupreis vix conspicuis, scutello cyaneo, pectore maculis quatuor lateralibus albo tomentosis, abdomine viridi-cyaneo maculis quatuor lateralibus albis, alis cinereis basi nigricantibus, alulis nigricantibus.

Male and Female. Golden green. Head brightly gilded, white behind; antennæ, tibiæ, and tarsi black; thorax with three indistinct cupreous stripes; scutellum blue; pectus with two white tomentose spots on each side; abdomen greenish blue with two transverse white spots on each side; femora blackish-green; wings grey, blackish at the base, præbrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, nearly straight from thence to its tip, discal transverse vein curved outward towards its fore end, parted by about half its length from the border, and by much less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ blackish. Female. Head with a silvery white vertex, frontalia deep black, linear. Length of the body 56 lines; of the wings 10-12 lines.

99. Musca marginifera, n. s. (genus Lucilia, Desv.) Fœm. Viridi-cyanea, capite albido frontalibus atris, antennis pedibusque nigris, abdominis segmentis purpureo marginatis, alis cinereis basi subnigricantibus, alulis cinereis.

Female. Greenish-blue. Head whitish, frontalia deep black, linear, face and third joint of the antennæ cinereous; abdomen with a purple band on the hind border of each segment; legs black; wings grey, almost blackish at the base, præbrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle at its flexure, between which and its tip it is hardly curved inward, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by about half its length from the border, and by more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ cinereous. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 9 lines.

100. Musca benedicta, n. s. (genus Pyrellia, Desv.) Mas. Aureo-viridis, capite albo, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis cinereis basi subluridis venis basi fulvis, alulis testaceo-cinereis. Var.? Abdominis apice purpureo.

Male. Golden green. Head white in front; antennæ and legs black; wings cinereous, slightly lurid towards the base, veins tawny towards the base, præbrachial vein curved at the flexure, almost straight from thence to the tip, discal transverse vein slightly undulating, parted by full half its length from the border, and by little less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ cinereous with a testaceous tinge. Var.? or a distinct species: darker; abdomen purple at the tip. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 6 lines.

101. Musca obtrusa, n. s. (genus Pyrellia, Desv.) Mas et Fœm. Purpureo-cyanea, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis cinereis, alulis obscurioribus.

Very nearly allied to M. refixa and to M. perfixa, but differing slightly in the veins of the wings. Male and Female. Blue, more or less mingled with purple. Head black, slightly cinereous in front; antennæ and legs black; wings grey, veins black, præbrachial vein forming an almost angular curve at its flexure, nearly straight from thence to its tip, discal transverse vein very slightly undulating, parted by little more than half its length from the border, and by about its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ dark cinereous. Length of the body 2½—3 lines; of the wings 5-6 lines.

102. Musca domestica, Linn. See Vol. I. p. 128.

103. Musca obscurata, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, subcinerascens, capite postico albo, thorace vittis quatuor angustis nigris, abdomine tessellato, alis obscure cinereis apud costam nigricantibus, alulis testaceo-cinereis.

Female. Black, slightly covered with cinereous tomentum. Head white behind; thorax with four slender black stripes; abdomen distinctly tessellated with four rows of cinereous reflecting spots; wings very dark grey, blackish towards the costa, præbrachial vein forming a somewhat rounded and very slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to its tip, discal transverse vein slightly undulating, parted by less than half its length from the body, and by more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ cinereous, with a testaceous tinge. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 7 lines.

104. Musca patiens, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, frontalibus antennisque piceis, thorace vittis quatuor tenuissimis nigris, abdomine tessellato, alis cinereis.

Female. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish behind, frontalia piceous, linear; antennæ piceous; thorax with four very slender black stripes; abdomen tessellated; wings grey, veins black, præbrachial vein forming an obtuse and somewhat rounded angle at its flexure, from whence it is hardly curved inward to its tip, discal transverse vein undulating, parted by less than half its length from the border, and by more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ slightly cinereous, with testaceous borders. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 6 lines.

105. Musca eristaloïdes, n. s. (genus Pollenia? Desv.) Mas et Fœm. Aureo tomentosa, crassa, subtus testacea, capite antico albo frontalibus antice rufis, antennis piceis basi rufis, thorace vittis tribus abbreviatis fulvis, scutello cyaneo, abdomine cyaneo basi fasciisque duabus albis, pedibus fulvis, tibiis tarsisque nigris, alis cinereis apud costam fuscescentibus. Var. mas. Minor, thorace vittis tribus nigris.

Male and Female. Body thick; head white; frontalia of the female piceous, linear, red in front; epistoma prominent; proboscis long; palpi whitish; antennæ piceous, red at the base; thorax with gilded tomentum, and with three tawny bands which are abbreviated hindward, scutellum blue; pectus testaceous; abdomen blue, white at the base and with two white bands on the 3rd and 4th segments, 1st segment with a transverse blue spot on each side; legs tawny, tibiæ and tarsi black; wings grey, blackish along the exterior part of the costa, præbrachial vein forming a right but rounded angle at its flexure, near which it is curved inward and is thence straight to its tip, discal transverse vein slightly undulating, parted by a little more than half its length from the border, and by much more than half its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ testaceous. Var. Male. Smaller; thorax with three black stripes; abdomen with only one white band, which is on the 4th segment. Length of the body 4-5 lines; of the wings 8-10 lines.

Gen. Bengalia, Desv.

106. Bengalia spissa, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Fulva, capite nigro antice albo, antennis testaceis, pectore fasciis duabus obliquis albidis, pedibus nigris femoribus basi coxisque fulvis, alis cinereis.

Male and Female. Tawny. Head black, with silvery tomentum in front, epistoma not prominent; palpi black; antennæ testaceous; pectus with an oblique whitish band on each side; legs black, femora towards the base and coxæ tawny; wings grey, veins black, testaceous towards the base, præbrachial vein forming an obtuse and rounded angle at its flexure, which is very near the border of the wing, straight from thence to its tip, discal transverse vein straight, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by very much more than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; alulæ testaceous. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Subfam. Anthomyides, Walk.

Gen. Aricia, Macq.

107. Aricia significans, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Fulva, subtus testacea, capite nigro argenteo-tomentoso, antennis testaceis, thorace vittis tribus albidis, abdominis apice piceo, alis cinereis.

Male and Female. Tawny, testaceous beneath. Head black, with silvery tomentum, vertex much broader in the female than in the male; palpi tawny; antennæ testaceous; thorax with three whitish stripes in the disk, and with one on each side; abdomen piceous at the tip; tarsi blackish towards the tips; wings cinereous, veins black, tawny towards the base, discal transverse vein hardly undulating, parted by more than its length from the præbrachial transverse, and by less than its length from the border; alulæ pale cinereous, with testaceous borders. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

108. Aricia canivitta, n. s. Fœm. Fulva, subtus testacea, capite nigro, facie argentea, palpis antennisque testaceis, thoracis disco, abdominis plagis duabus trigonis pedibusque nigris, thorace vitta cana, alis cinereis.

Female. Tawny, testaceous beneath. Head black, face silvery; palpi and antennæ testaceous; disk of the thorax blackish, with a broad hoary stripe; disk of the scutellum piceous; second and third segments of the abdomen with triangular black bands; legs black, coxæ and trochanters testaceous; wings grey, veins black, discal transverse vein hardly curved inward, parted by more than half its length from the border, and by a little less than its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ pale cinereous, with testaceous borders. Length of the body 3½ lines, of the wings 7 lines.

Gen. Anthomyia, Meigen.

109. Anthomyia procellaria, n. s. Mas. Nigra, subtus albida, capite argenteo, thorace fasciis duabus (prima interrupta) albis, abdomine vitta tenui fasciisque interruptis albidis, alis cinereis, halteribus testaceis.

Nearly allied to A. pluvialis and to A. tonitrui. Male. Black, whitish beneath. Head silvery; thorax with two whitish bands, the first interrupted in the middle, widened on each side; scutellum elongate; abdomen with a slender whitish stripe, and with interrupted whitish bands, which are widened on each side; wings grey, veins black, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by less than half its length from the border and by hardly less than its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ grey, with testaceous borders; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Gen. Cænosia, Meigen.

110. Cænosia luteicornis, n. s. Mas. Cana, capite antennisque pallide luteis, abdomine basi testaceo maculis octo nigris, pedibus halteribusque testaceis, alis sublimpidis apice nigris.

Male. Hoary. Head pale luteous, frontalia darker, widening towards the face; palpi white; antennæ pale luteous, extending to the epistoma, third joint long, slender, linear, arista plumose for half the length from the base; abdomen testaceous towards the base, with four dorsal black spots and with two black spots on each side towards the tip; legs testaceous; wings nearly limpid, with a black apical spot, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by less than its length from the border and by very much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ white; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Subfam. Helomyzides, Fallen.

Gen. Cœlopa, Meigen.

111. Cœlopa inconspicua, n. s. Fœm. Cinerea, antennis piceis, pectore antico, abdomine pedibusque fulvis, his nigro variis, alis cinereis, halteribus testaceis.

Female. Cinereous, flat. Antennæ piceous; fore part of the pectus, abdomen and legs tawny, the latter with diffuse blackish bands; wings grey, veins black, with the usual structure, tawny towards the base; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 3½ lines.

Gen. Xarnuta, Walk.

112. Xarnuta leucotelus, Walk. See Vol. I. p. 28.

Gen. Helomyza, Fallen.

113. Helomyza picipes, n. s. Fœm. Fulva, capite, antennis femoribusque nigris, abdominis segmentis nigro marginatis, tibiis tarsisque piceis, alis cinereis apud costam luridis vena discali transversa fusco subnebulosa, halteribus testaceis. Var. Thoracis vitta lata abdomineque piceis.

Female. Tawny. Head and antennæ black, arista plumose; thorax with two slender, darker, almost obsolete stripes; hind borders of the abdominal segments black; legs piceous, femora black, coxæ tawny; wings grey, with a lurid tinge towards the costa, discal transverse vein straight, slightly clouded with brown, parted by about half its length from the border, and by more than twice its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Var. Thorax with a broad piceous stripe; abdomen piceous. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 6 lines.

114. Helomyza atripennis, n. s. Mas. Fulva, scutello nigro, pectore piceo, abdomine ferrugineo, alis nigris postice cinereis.

Male. Tawny. Antennæ pale tawny, arista plumose; thorax with two slender, darker, almost obsolete stripes; scutellum black; pectus piceous; abdomen ferruginous; wings black, cinereous along the hind border for more than half its length from the base, veins as in the preceding species. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

115. Helomyza restituta, n. s. Fœm. Testacea, abdomine punctis sex nigris, alis cinereis apice nigricantibus venis transversis nigricante nebulosis.

Female. Testaceous. Third, fourth, and fifth segments of the abdomen with two black points on each fore border; wings grey, with a slight lurid tinge towards the costa, blackish at the tips, transverse veins clouded with blackish, veins with the usual structure. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Gen. Dryomyza, Fallen.

116. Dryomyza semicyanea, n. s. Fœm. Ferruginea, vertice piceo, antennis fulvis, thorace cyanescente, abdomine cyaneo basi ferrugineo, pedibus testaceis, alis subcinereis apud costam luridis.

Female. Ferruginous. Vertex piceous, face slightly covered with whitish tomentum; antennæ tawny, arista very minutely pubescent; thorax tinged with blue; abdomen blue, tawny at the base; legs testaceous; wings greyish, lurid along the costa, veins tawny, præbrachial vein forming a very slight angle where it joins the discal transverse, with a slight curve from thence to its tip, præbrachial transverse stout, slightly clouded, discal transverse straight, upright, parted by much less than half its length from the border and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3½—4½ lines; of the wings 7-9 lines.

Gen. Sepedon, Latr.

117. Sepedon costalis, n. s. Mas. Cinerea, capite testaceo guttis quatuor nigris, antennis nigris basi testaceis arista alba, abdomine pedibusque fulvis femoribus posticis denticulatis, alis fuscescenti-cinereis, costa testacea.

Male. Cinereous. Head testaceous, with a black dot on each side above and two more towards the mouth; antennæ black, testaceous at the base, second joint very long, arista white; thorax with four slender indistinct darker lines, pectus hoary; abdomen and legs tawny, tarsi piceous, hind femora denticulated; wings brownish cinereous, slightly testaceous along the costa; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Subfam. Lauxanides, Walk.

Gen. Lauxania, Latr.

118. Lauxania duplicans, n. s. Fœm. Nigro-cyanea, antennis piceis, articulo tertio longissimo, tarsis basi albidis, tibiis intermediis sordide albidis, alis limpidis.

Female. Blackish-blue, shining. Antennæ piceous, third joint very long, reddish beneath, arista bare; legs black, tarsi whitish towards the base, middle tibiæ dingy whitish; wings limpid, veins pale, discal transverse vein white, parted by a little less than its length from the border and by nearly twice its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres white. Length of the body 2—2½ lines; of the wings 3-4 lines.

119. Lauxania minuens, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, nitens, antennis longis arista nuda, tarsis albidis, alis sublimpidis, halteribus albis.

Female. Black, shining. Third joint of the antennæ long, arista bare; tarsi whitish; wings very slightly greyish, veins pale, of the usual structure; halteres white. Length of the body 1¼ line; of the wings 2½ lines.

Gen. Lonchæa, Fallen.

120. Lonchæa? inops, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigra, nitens, antennis piceis arista plumosa, scutello ferrugineo, tibiis, tarsis halteribusque fulvis, alis subcinereis.

Male and Female. Black, shining. Antennæ piceous, third joint short, arista plumose; scutellum somewhat ferruginous; tibiæ;, tarsi, and halteres tawny; wings slightly greyish, veins pale, discal transverse vein parted by much less than its length from the border and by nearly twice its length from the flexure of the præbrachial. Length of the body 1½ line; of the wings 3 lines.

Subfam. Ortalides, Haliday.

Gen. Lamprogaster, Macq.

121. Lamprogaster quadrilinea, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Cyaneo-viridis; capite pedibusque nigris; antennis piceis, basi rufis; thorace vittis quatuor albidis; abdomine purpureo-cyaneo; alis limpidis, litura basali, fasciis duabus (prima abbreviata, secunda interrupta) strigaque costali apicali nigris.

Male and Female. Bluish green. Head black; proboscis red at the tip; antennæ piceous, red at the base; thorax with two whitish stripes on each side; abdomen purplish blue; legs black, tarsi with pale tomentum towards the base; wings limpid, two black streaks, one basal including a limpid dot, the other apical, first band oblique, extending from the costa to the disk, second widely interrupted in the middle, its hind part occupying the discal transverse vein; veins black, testaceous along the costa; præbrachial vein forming a slight angle at its junction with the discal transverse, the latter parted by not more than one-fourth of its length from the border, and by more than its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 3½—4½ lines; of the wings 7-9 lines.

122. Lamprogaster marginifera, n. s. Fœm. Testacea; capite maculis duabus fasciaque nigro-æneis; thoracis disco nigro-æneo, vittis tribus testaceis, vittis duabus lateralibus albidis, scutelli margine testaceo; abdominis dorso nigro-æneo; alis limpidis, fasciis plurimis fuscis.

Female. Testaceous. Head with two blackish æneous spots on the vertex, and with a blackish æneous band in front; mouth and antennæ tawny; disk of the thorax blackish æneous, with three testaceous stripes which are united in front, the middle one slender, the lateral pair united on the border of the scutellum, a whitish stripe on each side; abdomen blackish æneous above; wings limpid, with eight or nine irregular brown bands; veins black, testaceous along the costa; discal transverse vein parted by much less than its length from the border, and by about its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 9 lines.

123. Lamprogaster delectans, n. s. Fœm. Ferruginea; capite testaceo, postice albido, vertice luteo fasciis duabus nigris, vittis quatuor anticis antennisque nigris; thorace vittis septem et metathoracis fascia albidis; abdomine cyaneo-viridi, basi discoque fulvis; pedibus nigricantibus, femoribus testaceis apice nigris; alis sublimpidis, costa, striga obliqua subcostali guttaque marginali nigricantibus.

Female. Ferruginous. Head testaceous, whitish behind; vertex luteous, blackish in front and behind; fore part with four blackish stripes; antennæ blackish; thorax with seven whitish stripes, the middle one broad, the inner pair very slender, the second pair broad, the third pair lateral; abdomen bluish green, slightly varied with purple, base and fore part of the disk tawny; legs blackish; femora testaceous, with black tips; wings nearly limpid, with a slight lurid tinge in the discal areolet, blackish along the costa, and with a blackish oblique streak which extends from the costa along the præbrachial transverse vein; a blackish dot on the hind end of the discal transverse vein; veins black, discal transverse vein parted by about one-fourth of its length from the border, and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse which is very oblique; alulæ white; halteres testaceous, with black knobs. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 9 lines.

124. Lamprogaster scutellaris, n. s. Mas. Subcinereo-nigra; oculis albido submarginatis; thorace vittis tribus cinereis, vittis duabus lateralibus, scutelli subquadrati margine, tibiis intermediis tarsisque albidis; alis nigricantibus, fasciis duabus integris duabusque macularibus incompletis albidis.

Male. Black, with a slight cinereous tinge; eyes partly bordered with whitish; third joint of the antennæ elongate-conical; arista plumose, the bristles few; thorax with three indistinct cinereous stripes, and with two whitish lateral stripes; scutellum nearly quadrate, with a whitish border; middle tibiæ, knees and tarsi whitish, the latter with black tips; wings blackish, whitish at the base, and with four whitish bands, first and third bands entire, second and fourth macular, very irregular and incomplete; veins black; discal transverse vein straight, parted by about one-fourth of its length from the border, and by hardly more than its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 4 lines.

This species has some resemblance to the genus Platystoma, and differs rather from the characters of Lamprogaster; it and the two following species, which are still more aberrant, will probably be considered as three new genera.

125. Lamprogaster celyphoïdes, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Atra, nitens, brevis, lata; capite, antennis pedibusque testaceis; abdomine nigro-cyaneo; alis limpidis, strigis transversis subcostalibus fuscescentibus.

Male and Female. Deep black, shining, short, broad. Head testaceous, face transverse; antennæ testaceous, third joint elongate-conical; arista bare; abdomen blackish blue, second segment very large, third and following not visible; legs testaceous; wings limpid, with four transverse pale brown subcostal streaks; discal transverse vein parted by less than half its length from the border, and by less than its length from the flexure of the præbrachial; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 2—2½ lines; of the wings 4½ lines.

126. Lamprogaster tetyroïdes, n. s. Mas. Atra, nitens, brevissima, latissima; capite transverso, subruguloso; thorace scitissime punctato; abdomine cyaneo; tarsis flavis; alis nigris albido punctatis apud marginem posticum obscure cinereis.

Male. Deep black, shining, very short and broad. Head transverse, slightly rugulose; third joint of the antennæ conical; arista thinly plumose; thorax very finely punctured; scutellum almost semicircular; abdomen blue, smooth; tarsi yellow; wings black, dark grey towards the hind border, with whitish points towards the costa; discal transverse vein parted by about its length from the border and by more than its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Gen. Platystoma, Latr.

127. Platystoma fusifacies, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Cinerea; capite postice et apud oculos albo; vertice pallide luteo (mas) aut rufo (fœm.); facie plana, fusiformi, subargentea; antennis piceis; thoracis vittis tribus pectoreque canis; abdomine conico punctis albis; alis limpidis, guttis transversis interioribus fasciisque exterioribus nigricantibus.

Male and Female. Cinereous. Head white hindward and about the eyes, black and shining towards the mouth; vertex pale luteous in the male, red in the female; face flat, fusiform, somewhat silvery; antennæ piceous, third joint long, slender, linear, arista plumose; thorax with three hoary stripes, the middle one much broader than the lateral pair; pectus hoary; abdomen conical, with numerous white points; wings limpid, with blackish dots towards the base, and with four exterior blackish bands, two of which are dilated towards the costa, and there contain some limpid dots; veins black, discal transverse vein straight, parted by about one-fourth of its length from the border, and by more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 3½-5 lines; of the wings 8-10 lines.

128. Platystoma multivitta, n. s. Mas. Cinerea; capite postice et apud oculos albo, vertice luteo, facie et antennis fulvis; thoracis vittis octo pectoreque canis; abdominis segmentis cano fasciatis; ventre ferrugineo; pedibus nigris; alis limpidis, fasciis quatuor strigisque interioribus nigricantibus.

Male. Cinereous. Head white behind and about the eyes, vertex luteous; face and antennæ tawny, third joint of the latter long, slender, linear; arista very slightly plumose; thorax with eight hoary stripes; pectus hoary; abdomen with a hoary band on the fore border of each segment; legs black; wings limpid, with four blackish bands, and with some blackish marks nearer the base; two blackish streaks between the first and second bands; veins black; discal transverse vein straight, parted by one-fourth of its length from the border, and by very much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres black. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Gen. Dacus, Fabr.

129. Dacus expandens, n. s. Fœm. Fulvus, latiusculus; antennarum articulo tertio piceo angusto lineari longissimo; abdomine vitta tenui nigricante; alis limpidis, costa vittaque postica fuscescentibus.

Female. Tawny, rather broad, very slightly covered with hoary tomentum, which forms stripes on the thorax and indistinct bands on the abdomen; third joint of the antennæ piceous, slender, linear, very long; arista bare; abdomen with a slender blackish stripe; wings limpid, brownish along the costa, and with a short oblique brownish stripe extending from the base to the interior border; veins black, discal transverse vein oblique, parted by full one-fourth of its length from the border, and by more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

130. Dacus pectoralis, n. s. Fœm. Cinereo-niger; capite fulvo, facie guttis duabus nigris; antennarum articulo tertio piceo angusto lineari longissimo; callis duabus humeralibus, fasciis duabus obliquis pectoralibus lateralibus, scutello tarsisque testaceis; thoracis vittis tribus abdominisque una canis; pedibus fulvis piceo cinctis; alis limpidis, costa vittaque postica fuscescentibus.

Female. Black, slightly covered with cinereous tomentum. Head tawny, with two small black dots on the face; third joint of the antennæ piceous, slender, linear, very long, arista bare; thorax with three indistinct hoary stripes; humeral calli, an oblique band on each side of the pectus, scutellum and tarsi, testaceous; abdomen with one hoary stripe; legs tawny, with diffuse piceous bands; wings limpid, brownish along the costa, and with a short oblique brownish stripe, extending from the base to the interior border; veins black; discal transverse vein parted by less than one-fourth of its length from the border, and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3¾ lines; of the wings 7½ lines.

131. Dacus latifascia, n. s. Fœm. Niger; capite postice et apud oculos albido; antennarum articulo tertio vix longo; thoracis fascia, metathorace pectorisque fasciis duabus obliquis canis; abdomine cyaneo; femoribus albidis apice nigris; alis albo-limpidis, costa atra, fasciis duabus latissimis nigris; halteribus testaceis.

Female. Black. Head whitish behind and about the eyes; third joint of the antennæ linear, round at the tip, hardly long, arista plumose; thorax with a band on the hind border of the scutum; metathorax and an oblique band on each side of the pectus hoary; abdomen blue; coxæ and femora whitish, the latter with black tips; wings limpid white, deep black along the costa, and with two very broad black bands; veins black; discal transverse vein very oblique, parted by about one-sixth of its length from the border, and by little more than half its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

132. Dacus mutilloïdes, n. s. Fœm. Rufescens; capite nigro, postice et apud oculos albo; antennarum articulo tertio angusto lineari longissimo; thoracis vittis tribus, pectoris fasciis duabus obliquis lateralibus abdominisque fasciis duabus (secunda interrupta) albis, abdominis dimidio postico nigro-æneo; pedibus piceis; alis sublimpidis, costæ apice venisque transversis nigro nebulosis; halteribus albidis.

Female. Reddish. Head black, white behind and about the eyes and on the grooves of the face; antennæ black, reddish at the base, third joint slender, linear, very long, arista bare, rather stout; thorax with three whitish stripes; pectus with a more distinct oblique white band on each side; metathorax whitish; abdomen æneous, pubescent, finely punctured, reddish and slightly contracted towards the base, with two white bands, the second widely interrupted; oviduct long, lanceolate; legs piceous; wings nearly limpid, clouded with black at the tip of the costa and on the præbrachial transverse vein, hardly clouded on the discal transverse vein; veins black; discal transverse vein straight, parted by about one-fourth of its length from the border, and by much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

133. Dacus longivitta, n. s. Mas. Æneo-viridis, subpubescens, subtilissime punctatus; capite nigro apud oculos albido, epistomate ferrugineo, antennarum articulo tertio longo lineari; thorace subvittato; pedibus nigris, femoribus ferrugineis; alis subcinereis, costa vittaque apud venam præbrachialem nigris; halteribus piceis.

Male. Æneous green, with slight hoary tomentum, very finely punctured. Head black, whitish about the eyes; epistoma ferruginous, prominent; antennæ black, ferruginous at the base, third joint long, linear, conical at the tip; arista bare; thorax with an indistinct broad hoary stripe; abdomen compressed, nearly linear; legs black; femora ferruginous; wings slightly greyish, black along the costa and with a black stripe which extends along the præbrachial vein to the discal transverse vein; veins black; discal transverse vein straight, oblique, parted by a little more than half its length from the border, and by very much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres piceous. Length of the body 4-6 lines; of the wings 5-7 lines.

134. Dacus lativentris, n. s. Fœm. Nigro-viridis, subtilissime punctatus; capite piceo apud oculos albido; antennis fulvis, articulo tertio sublanceolato; abdomine brevi, lato; pedibus nigris, femoribus anticis fulvis; alis subcinereis, costa vittaque apud venam præbrachialem nigris, vena discali transversa nigricante nebulosa; halteribus albidis.

Female. Blackish green, very minutely punctured. Head piceous, whitish about the eyes; epistoma ferruginous, slightly prominent; antennæ tawny, third joint rather long, somewhat lanceolate, arista bare; abdomen nearly round, broader than the thorax; legs black, fore femora tawny; wings very slightly greyish, black along the costa to the tip of the præbrachial vein, with a black stripe along the præbrachial vein to the discal transverse vein, and with a blackish tinge about the discal transverse vein and along the adjoining part of the hind border; veins black, discal transverse straight, vein parted by less than half its length from the border, and by very much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 4 lines.

135. Dacus obtrudens, n. s. Mas. Nigro-viridis, subtilissime punctatus; capite nigro apud oculos albido; antennis piceis basi rufescentibus, articulo tertio lineari longissimo; abdomine lineari maculis duabus lateralibus testaceis; pedibus nigris, femoribus apice tarsisque posticis basi fulvis; alis subcinereis, costa, apice maculaque apud venam transversam discalem nigricantibus; halteribus albis.

Male. Dark green, very minutely punctured. Head black, whitish about the eyes, ferruginous towards the epistoma; antennæ piceous, reddish towards the base; third joint linear, very long, arista bare; abdomen linear, compressed, with a testaceous spot on each side before the middle; legs black, femora tawny towards the tips, hind tarsi tawny at the base; wings slightly greyish, blackish along the costa and at the tips, and about the transverse veins; veins black, tawny at the base; discal transverse vein straight, oblique, parted by about half its length from the border, and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres white. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

136. Dacus pompiloides, n. s. Mas. Niger; capite albido, epistomate ferrugineo; antennis piceis basi rufis, articulo tertio longo lineari; abdomine nigro-cyaneo; pedibus piceis; alis subcinereis, striga costali basali, fascia tenui postice abbreviata et triente apicali strigam subcineream includente nigricantibus; halteribus albis.

Male. Black. Head with whitish tomentum, epistoma ferruginous, prominent; antennæ piceous, red at the base, third joint long, linear, arista bare; abdomen linear, blackish blue, longer than the thorax; legs piceous; wings slightly greyish, with a blackish costal streak extending from the base, with a slender blackish band which is abbreviated hindward, and with more than one-third of the apical part blackish and including a slightly greyish streak; veins black, discal transverse vein straight, oblique, parted by a little less than its length from the border and by about its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres white. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Gen. Brea, n. g.

Platystomæ affinis. Facies lata. Antennæ breves; articulus tertius longiconicus; arista nuda. Femora intermedia incrassata, denticulata.

Allied to Platystoma. Face broad; antennæ short, third joint elongate-conical; arista bare; middle femora incrassated, denticulated beneath.

137. Brea discalis, n. s. Mas. Nigra; capite testaceo apud oculos albido, fronte ochracea; antennis piceis basi rufescentibus; thorace vitta lata cana; abdomine fulvo, disco nigro cupreo; pedibus fulvis, femoribus anticis apice tibiisque anticis basi nigris; alis sublimpidis, fascia media lata postice abbreviata guttam limpidam subcostalem includente lineaque transversa exteriore nigricantibus; halteribus testaceis.

Male. Black. Head testaceous, whitish about the eyes, front ochraceous; antennæ piceous, reddish at the base; thorax with a broad hoary stripe; abdomen tawny, with a blackish cupreous disk; legs tawny, fore femora at the tips and fore tibiæ at the base black; wings nearly limpid, with a broad middle blackish band, which is abbreviated hindward and includes a limpid dot by the costa, and has beyond it a blackish transverse line; veins black, testaceous towards the base; discal transverse vein straight, upright, parted by half its length from the border, and by much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

138. Brea contraria, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigra; capite fulvo apud oculos albido, fronte ochracea; antennis rufescentibus; thorace vitta cana; abdomine purpureo apice cyaneo; pedibus nigris, femoribus anticis tarsisque testaceis; alis sublimpidis, fascia lata media postice abbreviata, guttis interioribus lineaque transversa exteriore nigricantibus.

Male and Female. Black. Head tawny, whitish about the eyes; antennæ reddish; thorax with a hoary stripe; sides and pectus also hoary; abdomen purple, blue towards the tip; legs black; tarsi and fore femora testaceous; wings nearly limpid, with a broad blackish middle band which is abbreviated hindward, with some interior blackish dots, and with an exterior transverse blackish line; veins black; discal transverse vein straight, parted by less than half its length from the border, and by less than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres black. Length of the body 3—3½ lines; of the wings 6-7 lines.

Gen. Adrama, n. g.

Mas. Corpus longiusculum. Caput thorace vix latius, setis duabus posticis erectis. Antennæ sat longæ; articulus tertius linearis, apice conicus; arista pubescens. Abdomen sublineare, thorace longius et angustius. Pedes mediocres; femora posteriora spinis minutis armata. Alæ sat longæ.

Male. Body rather long. Head transverse, hardly broader than the thorax, with two erect setæ on the hind part of the vertex; face vertical; epistoma slightly prominent. Antennæ nearly reaching the epistoma; third joint long, linear, conical at the tip; arista pubescent. Abdomen almost linear, longer and narrower than the thorax. Legs moderately long and slender; posterior femora with minute spines beneath. Wings rather long; discal transverse vein straight, upright, parted by hardly half its length from the border, and by rather more than its length from the præbrachial transverse.

139. Adrama selecta, n. s. Mas. Testacea; capite guttis tribus nigris; thorace disco antico vittisque duabus posterioribus nigris; tibiis tarsisque anticis piceis, tibiis posticis subpiceis; alis subfuscescentibus, fascia lata limpida nigricante marginata postice abbreviata.

Male. Testaceous. Head with a black dot above the antennæ and one on each side of the epistoma; thorax with the fore part of the disk black, and with two hindward black stripes; fore tibiæ and fore tarsi piceous; hind tibiæ somewhat piceous; wings slightly brownish, with two blackish bands, the first on the præbrachial transverse vein, abbreviated hindward, the second on the discal transverse vein, abbreviated in front, intermediate space limpid, veins testaceous, black towards the tips; halteres pale testaceous. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Gen. Ortalis, Fallen.

140. Ortalis prompta, n. s. Fœm. Nigro-viridis; capite piceo apud oculos albido; antennis rufescentibus; thorace vitta abdomineque fasciis cinereis; pedibus nigris; alis limpidis, vittis tribus nigris, prima postice abbreviata, secunda tertiaque latis; halteribus albidis.

Female. Blackish green. Head piceous, whitish about the eyes; epistoma somewhat prominent; antennæ reddish, third joint somewhat lanceolate, piceous towards the tip; arista bare; thorax with a cinereous stripe; sides and pectus also cinereous; abdomen with two cinereous bands; legs black; wings limpid white, slightly cinereous towards the base, with three black bands, the first abbreviated hindward, the second and third very broad; veins black, discal transverse vein curved inward, parted by much less than its length from the border and by a little less than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

141. Ortalis complens, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigro-viridis; capite antennisque testaceis, articulo tertio brevi, arista plumosa; abdomine atro; pedibus testaceis, femoribus nigris; alis albo limpidis, strigis duabus apiceque nigro-cinereis, fasciis tribus satis nigricantibus; halteribus albis. Mas. Vertice luteo postice nigro, femoribus apice testaceis, alarum fasciis subconnexis. Fœm. Vertice nigro, tibiis nigris, posticis basi testaceis.

Male and Female. Blackish green. Head testaceous; antennæ testaceous, third joint short, conical; arista plumose; abdomen deep black; legs testaceous; femora black; wings limpid white, with three broad blackish stripes, the second emitting a branch from its outer side to the costa, a streak connected with the outer side of the third band, and the tips blackish cinereous; discal transverse vein straight, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres white. Male. Vertex luteous, black hindward; femora with testaceous tips; bands of the wings partly connected. Female. Vertex black; tibiæ black, the hind pair testaceous towards the base. Length of the body 1½—2 lines; of the wings 3-4 lines.

Gen. Trypeta, Meigen.

142. Trypeta multistriga, n. s. Fœm. Testacea; thorace pectoreque nigro-strigatis; abdomine maculis quatuor lateralibus anterioribus fascia lata apiceque nigris; femoribus posterioribus nigro vittatis; alis nigricantibus basi marginali maculis guttisque albis.

Female. Testaceous. Third joint of the antennæ short, conical; arista plumose; thorax with black bristles on each side, with eight black streaks, four in front, of which the middle pair are very short, four hindward, the middle pair short, the outer pair connected in front of the scutellum, two lateral black streaks; pectus with a black interrupted streak on each side; disk also black; abdomen with two transverse black spots on each side towards the base, and with a broad black band; oviduct black, flat, lanceolate, obtuse at the tip; posterior femora striped with black; wings blackish, limpid for a space from the base along the costa and along the hind border, and with twelve white marks of various size, four discal, eight marginal; discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by one-fourth of its length from the border, and by about its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

143. Trypeta dorsigutta, n. s. Mas. Atra; capite piceo vitta testacea, subtus albo; antennis testaceis; thorace cinereo punctis lateralibus albis, pectore albido; abdominis segmentis testaceo marginatis; tibiis albido fasciatis, tarsis albidis; alis albo-limpidis, strigis basalibus fasciisque duabus latis nigricantibus, prima antice furcata; halteribus albis.

Male. Deep black. Head piceous, with cinereous tomentum, white behind and beneath, a testaceous stripe on the vertex; antennæ testaceous, black at the base, third joint conical, white at the base, arista plumose; thorax with cinereous tomentum, white points along each side; pectus whitish; hind borders of the abdominal segments testaceous with cinereous tomentum; tibiæ with a dingy whitish band; tarsi dingy whitish; wings limpid white, with several blackish marks towards the base and with two broad blackish bands, the first forked in front; discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by less than its length from the border, and by more than twice its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres white. Length of the body 2½ lines; of the wings 4 lines.

144. Trypeta basalis, n. s. Mas. Nigra, nitens; capite antennisque fulvis, vertice maculis duabus piceis; abdomine basi pedibusque testaceis; alis limpidis, striga basali, fasciis tribus costaque apicali nigricantibus; halteribus testaceis.

Male. Black, slender, shining. Head tawny, with two elongated piceous spots on the vertex; antennæ tawny, third joint linear, rather long, arista bare; abdomen nearly fusiform, testaceous at the base; legs testaceous; wings limpid, with a blackish oblique streak extending from the base, with three blackish bands, and with a blackish costal streak extending round the tip, first and third bands slender, second broad, abbreviated like the first hindward; discal transverse vein straight, parted by about one-fourth of its length from the border, and by less than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 1½ line; of the wings 3 lines.

145. Trypeta impleta, n. s. Fœm. Cinerea; capite albido; antennarum articulo tertio albido apice nigro; thorace vitta fusca, scutello albido, abdomine nigro; pedibus albidis nigro fasciatis; alis albis, maculis plurimis nigricantibus ex parte confluentibus; halteribus albidis.

Female. Cinereous. Head whitish; third joint of the antennæ short, conical, whitish, blackish at the tip, arista plumose; thorax with a brown stripe; scutellum whitish; abdomen black; legs whitish, with black bands; wings white, with many blackish spots, some of them confluent; discal transverse vein straight, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by a little less than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 1½ line; of the wings 3 lines.

146. Trypeta subocellifera, n. s. Mas. Cana; antennis albidis; thorace guttis fuscis, scutelli margine albido; abdomine fusco apicem versus cano maculis fuscis; pedibus albidis fusco fasciatis; alis limpidis, maculis nigricantibus pallido signatis ex parte confluentibus.

Male. Hoary. Antennæ whitish, third joint short, conical, arista plumose; thorax with some slight brown dots; scutellum brown, hind borders of the scutellum white; abdomen brown, hind borders of the segments and apical part cinereous, the latter with brown dots; legs whitish, with brown bands; wings limpid, with several blackish dots containing pale marks, some of them confluent and forming a middle band; discal transverse vein straight, enclosed in a pale streak, parted by much less than its length from the border and by much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 1½ line; of the wings 3 lines.

Subfam. Achiides, Walk.

Gen. Achias, Fabr.

147. Achias longividens, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Viridi-cinerea; capite testaceo fasciis duabus vittisque tribus anticis nigris; antennis nigris; thorace vittis quatuor purpureo-nigris, pectore ferrugineo; abdomine viridi-fulvo; pedibus piceis; alis limpidis, costa lurido-nigricante, vena transversa discali fusco nebulosa; halteribus testaceis apice nigris. Mas. Oculis longissime petiolatis, scutello viridi, femoribus basi fulvis. Fœm. Oculis subpetiolatis, scutello nigro-purpureo.

Male and Female. Greenish cinereous. Head with two black bands on the vertex and with four black stripes in front; antennæ black, third joint linear, very long, arista plumose; thorax with four purplish black stripes, middle pair abbreviated hindward and having behind them a spot of the same hue, lateral pair interrupted; pectus ferruginous; abdomen tawny, with bright green reflections, testaceous beneath; legs piceous; wings limpid, blackish, and with a lurid tinge along the costa, whence a short oblique blackish streak proceeds by the præbrachial transverse vein; discal transverse vein clouded with brown, hardly curved, parted by less than one-third of its length from the border, and by much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse, which is very oblique; halteres testaceous, with black tips. Male. Head with the fore black band interrupted; eyes with very long petioles, the latter about three-fourths of the length of the body; scutellum green; femora tawny towards the base. Female. Eyes with short petioles, extending a little beyond the sides of the thorax; scutellum blackish purple. Length of the body 5-6 lines; of the wings 12-13 lines.

148. Achias latividens, n. s. Fœm. Viridi-cinerea; capite testaceo, vittis tribus anticis nigris, oculis subpetiolatis; antennis nigris; thorace vittisquatuor purpureo-nigris, scutello cyaneo basi viridi, pectore fulvo; abdomine viridi-fulvo; pedibus nigris, femoribus basi luteis, tibiis luteo fasciatis; alis subcinereis, vitta costali nigricante interrupta lurida strigata, vena transversa discali fusco nebulosa; halteribus testaceis apice nigris.

Female. Greenish cinereous. Head testaceous, with three black stripes on the face; eyes very slightly petiolated; antennæ black; thorax with four purplish black stripes; scutellum blue, green at the base; pectus tawny; abdomen tawny, with bright green reflections; legs black; femora luteous towards the base; tibiæ with indistinct luteous bands; wings slightly greenish, with a blackish interrupted costal stripe containing luteous streaks; discal transverse vein clouded with brown; veins in structure like those of the preceding species; halteres testaceous, with black tips. Length of the body 6 lines; of the 13 lines.

This species at first sight seems like a variety of the preceding one, but the petioles of the eyes are shorter and thicker, the costal stripes of the wings are interrupted, and the shade on the discal transverse vein is more diffuse.

149. Achias amplividens, n. s. Fœm. Fulva, subtus testacea; oculis extantibus non petiolatis; thorace submetallico, vittis quinque cinereis; abdomine purpureo basi testaceo, tibiis tarsisque nigris; alis subcinereis, costa nigro-fusca, venis transversis nigro-fusco nebulosis.

Female. Tawny, testaceous beneath. Head testaceous; eyes very prominent, but hardly petiolated; antennæ tawny; thorax slightly metallic, with five cinereous stripes, which are abbreviated hindward, the inner pair slender; abdomen purple, testaceous at the base; legs black; coxæ and femora testaceous, the latter with black tips; wings slightly greyish, costal stripe brown, blackish towards the tip; præbrachial transverse vein clouded with blackish, discal transverse vein clouded with a much paler hue than that of the præbrachial transverse vein, in structure like those of the two preceding species; halteres testaceous, with black tips. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 9 lines.

Subfam.——?

Gen. Polyara, n. g.

Mas. Corpus longiusculum. Caput transversum; facies lata, plana, non obliqua. Palpi lati. Antennæ parvæ; articulus tertius longiconicus; arista plumosa. Thorax oblongo-subquadratus. Abdomen sublineare, thorace multo longinus et angustius. Pedes breves, tenues. Alæ latiusculæ; venæ optime determinatæ; venæ duæ transversæ inter venas radialem et cubitalem; vena præbrachialis apicem versus valde flexa.

Male. Body rather long. Head transverse, a little broader than the thorax; face broad, flat, vertical. Palpi broad. Antennæ small; third joint elongate-conical, not extending more than half the length to the epistoma; arista plumose. Thorax oblong-subquadrate. Abdomen nearly linear, much longer and more slender than the thorax. Legs short, rather slender; fore femora somewhat setose beneath. Wings rather broad, flat in repose; veins very strongly marked; a transverse vein between the cubital and mediastinal veins; two transverse veins between the radial and cubital veins; cubital vein slightly angular between the præbrachial transverse vein and the tip of the wing; præbrachial vein much curved towards its tip.

The structure of the wing veins in this genus is very peculiar, and it does not agree well with any of the established subfamilies of Muscidæ.

150. Polyara insolita, n. s. Mas. Testacea; faciei sulcis albidis; abdomine lutescente fulvo; alis subcinereis, nigricante-fusco submarginatis et subfasciatis.

Male. Testaceous, paler beneath. Facial grooves for the antennæ whitish; thorax with some almost obsolete stripes, the middle pair approximate, slender, somewhat more distinct than the others; abdomen somewhat lutescent-tawny; wings slightly greyish, irregularly blackish-brown along the costa, brown at the tips, and with a brown band which is indistinct in front but much darker on the discal transverse vein; præbrachial vein largely bordered with brown; veins black, testaceous towards the base, discal transverse vein straight, parted by about one-sixth of its length from the border, and by rather less than half its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ very small. Length of the body 5½ lines; of the wings 10 lines.

Subfam. Sepsides, Walk.

Gen. Angitula, n. g.

Fœm. Corpus convexum, glaberrimum, nitidissimum. Caput subrotundum; epistoma valde prominens. Antennæ epistoma non attingentes; articulus tertius longiusculus, linearis, apice conicus; arista subpubescens. Thorax anticus valde productus et attenuatus; scutellum bispinosum; metathorax magnus, declivis. Abdomen longi-subfusiforme; segmentum primum gibbosum. Pedes longi, graciles; coxæ anticæ longissimæ. Alæ longæ, angustæ; alulæ obsoletæ.

Female. Body convex, very smooth and shining. Head nearly round; front subquadrate; face short; epistoma very prominent. Mouth short. Antennæ not reaching the epistoma; third joint linear, rather long, conical at the tip; arista somewhat pubescent. Thorax much produced and attenuated in front; scutellum armed with two spines; metathorax slanting, well developed. Abdomen elongate-subfusiform, longer and much more slender than the thorax; first segment gibbous above. Legs long, slender, without bristles; fore coxæ very long. Wings long, narrow; discal transverse vein straight, upright, parted by less than half its length from the border, and by nearly twice its length from the præbrachial transverse.

151. Angitula longicollis, n. s. Fœm. Nigro-ænea; capite subtus albido, frontis disco rufescente, fascia albida; antennis piceis basi rufis; pedibus nigris, femoribus basi coxisque anticis albidis; alis limpidis, costa nigra.

Female. Æneous black. Head whitish beneath, front with a reddish disk, face whitish. Antennæ piceous, first and second joints red; legs black, bare; femora towards the base and fore coxæ whitish; wings limpid, with a black costal line extending to the tip of the præbrachial vein; veins and halteres black. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Gen. Sepsis, Fallen.

152. Sepsis basifera, n. s. Mas et Fœm. Nigra; thorace nigro-æneo; tarsis, femoribus basi pedibusque anticis testaceis; alis limpidis, costa basi nigra. Mas. Metatarsis intermediis dilatatis, alis apice vix nigricantibus. Fœm. Alis apice nigris.

Male and Female. Black, shining. Thorax æneous black; pectus cinereous; tarsi, femora at the base, and fore legs, pale testaceous; wings limpid; costa at the base and veins black. Male. Basal joint of the intermediate tarsi dilated; wings hardly blackish at the tips. Female. Wings black at the tips. Length of the body 2—2½ lines; of the wings 3—3½ lines.

Gen. Calobata, Fabr.

153. Calobata albitarsis, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 71. 544. 22. Inhabits also Java and Australia.

154. Calobata indica, Desv. Ess. Myod. 737. 4. (Nerius). Inhabits also Hindostan.

155. Calobata Abana, Walk. Cat. Dipt. pt. 4. 1054.

156. Calobata sepsoides, n. s. Fœm. Nigra; antennis ferrugineis, articulo tertio conico brevi, arista nuda; pedibus testaceis nigricante subnotatis, femoribus anticis nigris basi testaceis, tibiis anticis nigris, tarsis anticis niveis, posticis albidis; alis subcinereis, fasciis duabus indistinctis fuscescentibus.

Female. Black, shining. Antennæ ferruginous, third joint short, conical, arista bare; pectus slightly covered with cinereous tomentum; legs testaceous, with a few very indistinct blackish marks; fore femora black, testaceous towards the base; fore tibiæ black; fore tarsi snow-white, black at the base; hind tarsi whitish; wings greyish, with two almost obsolete brownish bands; discal transverse vein parted by less than its length from the border and by about four times its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 7 lines.

Gen. Cardiacephala, Macq.

157. Cardiacephala debilis, n. s. Fœm. Testacea, gracilis; thorace linea transversa interrupta nigra; pedibus anticis parvis, posterioribus longis, tarsis albis brevissimis, tibiis anterioribus piceis; alis limpidis apice cinereis, fascia lata pallide lutea.

Female. Testaceous, slender. Vertex somewhat luteous; third joint of the antennæ conical, very short, arista bare; thorax attenuated in front, with a transverse interrupted black line hindward; abdomen longer than the thorax, lanceolate hindward; fore legs short, posterior legs long; tarsi white, very short; anterior tibiæ piceous; middle femora rather thicker than the hind pair; wings limpid, grey towards the tips, with a pale luteous middle band; veins testaceous, cubital and præbrachial converging towards the tips of the wings, discal transverse vein straight, parted by less than its length from the border and by about thrice its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Subfam. Psilides, Walk.

Gen. Lissa, Meigen.

158. Lissa cylindrica, n. s. Mas. Cyanea, gracilis, cylindrica; antennis piceis basi albidis, arista plumosa; abdomine piceo basi apiceque cyaneis; pedibus albidis, femoribus posterioribus nigris apice albidis, femoribus posticis subtus spinosis, tibiis posticis nigris; alis subcinereis apice subfuscis; halteribus albidis apice nigris.

Male. Blue, slender, cylindrical. Head broader than the thorax; antennæ whitish, third joint piceous, arista plumose; abdomen piceous, slightly increasing in breadth to the tip, blue at the base and at the tip, hind borders of the first and second segments whitish; legs whitish, posterior femora black, whitish at the base and towards the tips, hind femora spinose beneath, hind tibiæ black; wings slightly greyish, brownish towards the tips; veins black, præbrachial and perbrachial very near together for more than half their length, discal transverse vein straight, parted by more than its length, and by about four times its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish, with black tips. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 5 lines.

Gen. Nerius, Fabr.

159. Nerius duplicatus, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 11. 553. 8. Inhabits also Java.

Subfam. Oscinides, Haliday.

Gen. Oscinis, Fabr.

160. Oscinis lineiplena, n. s. Mas. Fusca; capite subtus testaceo apud oculos albo, vitta frontali alba; thorace pectoreque lineis sex albidis; abdomine sordide testaceo, pedibus albidis, tibiis tarsisque apice femoribusque anticis nigris; alis subcinereis, halteribus albidis.

Male. Brown. Head testaceous in front and beneath, white about the eyes, with a white stripe on the front; thorax and pectus with six whitish stripes on each, thorax with an indistinct middle testaceous stripe; abdomen dull testaceous; legs whitish; tibiæ and tarsi at the tips and fore femora black; wings greyish; veins black, discal transverse vein oblique, parted by more than its length from the border, and by full twice its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres whitish. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 3 lines.

161. Oscinis noctilux, n. s. Mas. Atra; capite pallide flavo subtus albo; antennis luteis, arista nuda; scutello, maculis duabus pectoralibus abdominisque apice albis; tibiis tarsisque intermediis testaceis; alis nigricantibus postice cinereis, halteribus niveis.

Male. Black. Head pale yellow, black hindward, white beneath; antennæ pale luteous, third joint very short, arista bare; scutellum white; pectus with a white spot on each side; abdomen white at the tip; middle legs with testaceous tibiæ and tarsi; hind wings blackish, cinereous hindward; halteres snow-white. Length of the body ¾ line; of the wings 1½ line.

Subfam. Geomyzides, Fallen.

Gen. Drosophila, Fallen.

162. Drosophila? finigutta, n. s. Mas. Fulva; capite antice testaceo, antennis testaceis, articulo tertio conico; abdomine maculis quatuor apicalibus nigris, tarsis nigris; alis cinereis venis nigris.

Male. Tawny. Head testaceous in front; antennæ testaceous, third joint conical; abdomen with two black spots on each side at the tip; legs testaceous; tarsi black; wings grey; veins black, discal transverse vein straight, parted by full half its length from the border and by full twice its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 1½ line; of the wings 3 lines.

163. Drosophila? melanospila. Fœm. Testacea; antennarum articulo tertio conico, arista plumosa; thoracis disco abdominisque guttis duabus apicalibus atris; tarsis piceis; alis subcinereis.

Female. Testaceous. Vertex luteous; third joint of the antennæ conical; arista plumose; disk of the thorax and a dot on each side of the tip of the abdomen deep black; tarsi piceous; wings slightly greyish; veins black, discal transverse vein straight, parted by about half its length from the border and by twice its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body 1 line; of the wings 2 lines.

164. Drosophila? imparata. Fœm. Pallide testacea; pedibus pallidioribus; alis subcinereis, venis pallidis.

Female. Pale testaceous, with a few bristles. Legs paler than the body; wings slightly greyish; veins pale, discal transverse vein straight, parted by about twice its length from the border and by more than twice its length from the præbrachial transverse. Length of the body ¾ line; of the wings 1½ line.

Subfam. Hydromyzides, Haliday.

Gen. Ephydra, Fallen.

165. Ephydra? taciturna, n. s. Fœm. Atra, nitens, antennis nigris, arista plumosa, abdomine nigro-cupreo, pedibus nigro-piceis, alis nigricantibus, venis nigris.

Female. Deep black, shining. Antennæ black, third joint linear, rather long, arista plumose; legs blackish-piceous; wings blackish; veins black, discal transverse vein straight, parted by a little more than its length from the border. Length of the body 1½ line; of the wings 2½ lines.

Fam. PHORIDÆ, Haliday.

Gen. Pallura, n. g.

Mas. Corpus latiusculum, pubescens. Os retractum. Oculi pubescentes. Antennæ brevissimæ; arista longissima. Scutellum magnum, conicum. Abdomen subellipticum, thorace non longius. Pedes latiusculi, pubescentes, non setosi. Alæ amplæ, venis æqualibus.

Male. Body rather broad, pubescent. Proboscis small, withdrawn; eyes pubescent; antennæ very short, arista very long; scutellum large, conical, very prominent, extending beyond the base of the abdomen; abdomen nearly elliptical, not longer than the thorax; legs rather broad, pubescent, without bristles; wings rather long and broad; veins of equal size, costal vein ending at rather before half the length of the wing, radial ending at somewhat in front of the tip of the wing, cubital ending at hardly in front of the tip, præbrachial ending at a little behind the tip, pobrachial ending on the hind border at half the length of the wing, discal transverse vein straight, parted by more than twice its length from the border and from the præbrachial transverse.

166. Pallura invaria. Mas. Lutea, immaculata, alis cinereis basi luteis, apice nigricantibus, venis nigris robustis.

Male. Luteous, of one colour. Wings grey, luteous at the base, blackish towards the tips; veins black, robust. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Fam. HIPPOBOSCIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Ornithomyia, Leach.

167. Ornithomyia parva?, Macq. Hist. Nat. Dipt. 11. 2. 279. 3.

Key Island.

Fam. ASILIDÆ, Leach.

Subfam. Laphrites, Walk.

Gen. Laphria, Fabr.

1. Laphria paradisiaca, n. s. Mas. Cuprea, aureo pilosa, capite pectoreque argenteis albo pilosis, mystace subaurato setis nonnullis nigris, abdomine apice purpureo subtus albido piloso, pedibus cyaneo-purpureis albido pilosis, femoribus cyaneo-viridibus, alis nigricantibus basi cinereis, halteribus albidis nigro notatis.

Male. Cupreous, with gilded hairs. Head and pectus silvery, with white hairs; mystax slightly gilded, with a few long black bristles; antennæ and mouth black; abdomen purple at the tip, underside clothed with long whitish hairs, silvery white at the base, the following segments bordered with silvery white; legs blue and purple, thickly clothed with long whitish hairs, femora bluish-green, fore tibiæ with pale gilded down beneath, hind tibiæ with a black bristly apical tuft beneath; wings blackish, grey towards the base; halteres whitish, marked with black. Length of the body 11 lines; of the wings 20 lines.

2. Laphria placens, n. s. Mas. Cyanea, capite aurato, mystace setis paucis longis nigris; antennis nigris, articulo tertio fusiformi; pectore albido, abdomine angusto, femoribus intus tibiisque purpureis; alis nigricantibus basi cinereis, halteribus piceis.

Male. Blue. Head gilded in front, whitish behind; mystax with a few long black bristles; proboscis and antennæ black, third joint of the latter fusiform; pectus whitish; abdomen cylindrical, much narrower than the thorax, and about twice its length; femora on the inner side and tibiæ purple, tarsi black; wings blackish, cinereous towards the base; halteres piceous. Length of the body 4½ lines; of the wings 8 lines.

Subfam. Asilites, Walk.

Gen. Asilus, Linn.

3. Asilus superveniens, n. s. Mas. Cinereous, capite subaurato, mystace aurato setis paucis nigris, thorace vittis tribus latissimis nigris, abdomine fulvescenti-cinereo, pedibus rufescentibus, femoribus nigro vittatis, tarsis nigris, alis cinereis apice nigricantibus, halteribus testaceis.

Male. Cinereous. Head slightly gilded, pale cinereous, and clothed with pale hairs behind; mystax composed of gilded bristles, above which there are a few shorter black bristles; antennæ black, third joint elongate-fusiform, arista much longer than the third joint; thorax with three very broad hardly divided black stripes; abdomen with a slight fawn-coloured tinge, tip black, sexualia very small; legs reddish, femora striped above with black, tarsi black, reddish at the base; wings cinereous, blackish towards the tips; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 8 lines; of the wings 14 lines.

Gen. Ommatius, Illiger.

4. Ommatius noctifer, Walk. See page 88.

Fam. EMPIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Hybos, Fabr.

5. Hybos deficiens, n. s. Mas. Niger, thorace fulvo globoso macula dorsali nigra, abdomine basi fulvo, pedibus anterioribus testaceis, femoribus posticis subtus spinosis, alis cinereis apice obscurioribus, stigmate venisque nigris, halteribus testaceis, apice piceis.

Male. Black. Thorax and pectus tawny, the former globose, with a black dorsal spot; abdomen tawny at the base; anterior legs testaceous, hind femora spinose beneath; wings grey, darker at the tips; stigma and veins black; halteres testaceous, with piceous tips. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 4 lines.

Fam. SYRPHIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Eristalis, Latr.

6. Eristalis resolutus, Walk. See p. 95.

Gen. Baccha, Fabr.

7. Baccha purpuricola, n. s. Fœm. Purpureo-fulva; capite chalybeo; antennis rufis; pedibus fulvis; tibiis posticis apice tarsisque posticis basi piceis; alis nigricantibus, apud costam obscurioribus, spatio apicali subcostali cinereo; halteribus testaceis.

Female. Tawny, tinged with purple. Head chalybeous; antennæ red; legs tawny, hind tibiæ piceous towards the tips, hind tarsi piceous towards the base; wings blackish, darker along the costa, cinereous towards the tips with the exception of the costa; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 5½ lines; of the wings 9 lines.

Fam. MUSCIDÆ, Latr.

Subfam. Sarcophagides, Walk.

Gen. Sarcophaga, Meigen.

8. Sarcophaga basalis, n. s. Mas. Nigra, subaureo tomentosa; capite aurato; thorace vittis tribus nigris; abdomine albido tessellato; alis cinereis; venis lurido marginatis; alulis testaceis.

Male. Black, with slightly gilded tomentum. Head gilded; frontalia deep black, hardly widening in front; thorax with three black stripes, an indistinct blackish line on each side of the middle stripe; abdomen tessellated with white; wings grey; veins bordered with a lurid hue, especially towards the costa; præbrachial vein forming a slightly acute angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip; discal transverse vein slightly curved inward near its hind end, parted by a little more than half its length from the border and from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ testaceous. Length of the body 5½ lines; of the wings 9 lines.

Subfam. Muscides, Walk.

Gen. Idia, Meigen.

9. Idia xanthogaster, Wied. Auss. Zweifl. 11. 349. 2. Inhabits also Hindostan and Java.

10. Idia testacea, Macq. Hist. Nat. Dipt. 77. 246. 3. Inhabits also Mauritius.

Gen. Musca, Linn.

11. Musca obtrusa, Walk. See p. 105.

Subfam. Anthomyides, Walk.

Gen. Aricia, Macq.

12. Aricia vicaria, n. s. Fœm. Fulva, subtus testacea; capite nigro, apud oculos albo; antennis testaceis; alis cinereis, apud costam luridis.

Female. Tawny, testaceous beneath. Head black, white about the eyes; antennæ testaceous; abdomen clothed with short black bristles; legs testaceous, tarsi piceous; wings grey, with a lurid tinge towards the costa; veins black, discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by about its length from the border, and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ slightly testaceous; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3½ lines; of the wings 6 lines.

13. Aricia squalens, n. s. Fœm. Nigra, cinereo tomentosa; facie argentea; antennis testaceis; thorace vittis nigris vittisque duabus lateralibus latis testaceis; abdomine obscure testaceo; pedibus piceis; femoribus nigris; tibiis anticis testaceis; alis cinereis; apud costam subluridis; venis halteribusque testaceis.

Female. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Face silvery white; antennæ pale testaceous, third joint long, linear, extending to the epistoma; thorax with black stripes, and on each side with a broad testaceous stripe; abdomen dull testaceous; legs piceous; femora black, fore tibiæ testaceous; wings grey, with a lurid tinge towards the costa; veins testaceous, discal transverse vein very slightly curved inward, parted by much less than its length from the border, and by a little more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ whitish; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 3 lines; of the wings 6 lines.

Subfam. Ortalides, Haliday.

Gen. Lamprogaster, Macq.

14. Lamprogaster ventralis, n. s. Fœm. Testaceo-cinerea; capite apud oculos albo, vertice luteo, facie pallide fulva; thorace lineis septem indistinctis nigricantibus; abdomine fusco maculis dorsalibus canis, subtus cavo lateribus ferrugineis; pedibus nigris, tibiis ferrugineo fasciatis; alis limpidis basi subtestaceis, fasciis incompletis guttisque fuscis apud costam nigricantibus.

Female. Cinereous, with a testaceous tinge. Head white about the eyes, vertex luteous; face pale tawny, with white grooves for the antennæ; antennæ tawny, small; arista slightly plumose at the base; thorax with seven indistinct blackish lines; abdomen brown, with dorsal hoary nearly triangular spots, under side marsupial-like or with a pouch, ferruginous on each side; legs black, each tibia with a ferruginous band; wings limpid, slightly testaceous at the base, with brown dots and bands, the latter abbreviated hindward, blackish towards the costa; veins black, testaceous towards the base; discal transverse vein straight, parted by about one-third of its length from the border and by much more than its length from the præbrachial transverse; alulæ cinereous; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 5 lines; of the wings 10 lines.

Gen. Trypeta, Meigen.

15. Trypeta roripennis, n. s. Fœm. Fusca; capite nigro, facie alba; antennis nigris rufo-fasciatis; thorace vittis quatuor canis; abdominis segmentis testaceo marginatis; pedibus nigris, tarsis halteribusque testaceis; alis nigris, punctis plurimis albis.

Female. Brown. Head black; face white; antennæ black, third joint red, linear, rather long, black towards the tip; arista plumose; thorax with four hoary stripes; abdominal segments with testaceous hind borders; legs black, tarsi testaceous; wings black, with very numerous white points, a few of which are rather larger than the others; discal transverse vein straight, parted by less than its length from the border, and by more than twice its length from the præbrachial transverse; halteres testaceous. Length of the body 2 lines; of the wings 4 lines.

---

Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace at the Islands of Aru and Key. By Frederick Smith, Esq., Assistant in the Zoological Department, British Museum. Communicated by W. W. Saunders, Esq., F.R.S., V.P.L.S.

[Read December 3rd, 1858.]

This Collection of Hymenoptera is the most important contribution which has been made to the Aculeata through the exertions of Mr. Wallace; in point of geographical distribution, it adds much to our knowledge. In the Aru, Key, and neighbouring islands, we meet with the extreme range of the Australian insect-fauna; and as might be expected, it is found amongst the Vespidious Group, and in one or two instances in the Formicidæ. The latter, being frequently conveyed from one island to another, can perhaps scarcely be considered indicative of natural geographical distribution. Of the forty-six species of the Formicidous Group, only six were previously known to science. Of the genus Podomyrma here established, one species only, from Adelaide, was previously known; it is one of the most distinct and remarkable genera in the family. The Pompilidæ are species of great beauty, some closely resembling those of Australia in the banding and maculation of their wings; amongst the Vespidæ will be found some of the most elegant and beautiful forms in the whole of that protean family of Hymenoptera.

Fam. ANDRENIDÆ.

Gen. Prosopis.

1. Prosopis malachisis. P. nigro-cæruleo-viridis, nitida et delicatulè punctata; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 4½ lines. Deep blue-green, with tints of purple in certain lights, particularly on the head, the clypeus with a central longitudinal ridge, its anterior margin slightly emarginate; the flagellum rufo-piceous beneath, the ocelli white. Thorax: the wings hyaline and brilliantly iridescent; the legs dark rufo-piceous with a bright purple tinge. Abdomen delicately punctured, the head and thorax more strongly so; the latter with a semicircular enclosed space at its base, which is smooth and shining.

Hab. Key Island.

Gen. Nomia.

1. Nomia cincta. N. nigra, capite thoraceque punctatis, pedibus ferrugineis; segmentis abdominis apice fulvo-testaceo late fasciatis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black: the two basal joints of the flagellum, the apical margin of the clypeus, the labrum, mandibles, and legs ferruginous; the wings fulvo-hyaline, the nervures ferruginous, the tegulæ more or less rufo-testaceous; the sides of the metathorax with tufts of pale fulvous pubescence and the floccus on the posterior femora of the same colour, the tibiæ and tarsi with short ferruginous pubescence. Abdomen shining, the apical margins of the segments broadly fulvo-testaceous, very bright, having a golden lustre.

Hab. Key Island.

2. Nomia longicornis. N. nigra, lucida et delicatulè punctata, facie pube brevi griseâ tectâ, femorum posticorum flocco pallido, tibiis externè fusco-pubescentibus; maris antennis, capite thoraceque longioribus.

Male. Length 4 lines. Brassy, with tints of green on the clypeus, metathorax, and thorax beneath; the head and thorax very closely and finely punctured; the clypeus produced and highly polished; the mandibles rufo-testaceous, the antennæ as long as the head and thorax. Thorax: the wings hyaline and splendidly iridescent, the tegulæ and the tarsi rufo-testaceous. Abdomen closely punctured, the apical margins of the segments smooth and shining; the head and thorax above with a pale fulvous pubescence, that on the sides of the metathorax and legs pale and glittering; the abdomen has a pale scattered glittering pubescence.

Hab. Aru.

3. Nomia dentata. N. nigra et punctata, facie metathoracisque lateribus cinereo-pubescentibus, postscutello medio unidentato. Mas. antennis filiformibus longitudine thoracis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black; head and thorax rather finely punctured; the face covered with short cinereous pubescence; the clypeus naked and much produced, the anterior margin and the tips of the mandibles ferruginous; the cheek with long whitish pubescence. Thorax: the sides of the metathorax, the floccus on the posterior femora and the postscutellum with whitish pubescence, the latter produced in the middle into a blunt tooth; the legs fusco-ferruginous, with the anterior tibiæ and apical joints of the tarsi brighter; wings hyaline and iridescent. Abdomen shining and punctured, the apical margins of the two basal segments broadly depressed, and more finely and closely punctured than the rest; the apical margins of the second, third, and fourth segments pale testaceous; the apical margins of the two basal segments narrowly fringed with white pubescence, usually more or less interrupted in the middle.

Male. Resembles the female very closely, but has the face much more pubescent; the antennæ filiform and longer than the head and thorax; the scutellum armed at its posterior lateral angles with an acute tooth; the metathorax truncate and slightly concave, its base with short longitudinal grooves, the lateral margins fringed with long pubescence.

Hab. Aru.

Subfam. Dasygastræ.

Gen. Megachile, Latr.

1. Megachile lateritia. M. nigra, abdomine pube ferrugineâ vestito, alis fuscis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Black; head and thorax very closely and finely punctured; the mandibles with a single blunt tooth at their apex; the anterior margin of the clypeus transverse. Thorax: the wings brown, the posterior pair palest, their base subhyaline. Abdomen clothed with bright brick-red pubescence above and beneath; the basal segment with bright yellow pubescence above.

Hab. Aru.

2. Megachile scabrosa. M. nigra, metathorace anticè rudè scabrato, abdomine subtùs nigro-pubescente.

Female. Length 5½ lines. Black; the clypeus, mesothorax anteriorly, and the posterior tibiæ outside coarsely rugose, the roughness on the thorax consisting of transverse little elevated points; the face with a thin griseous pubescence; the anterior margin of the clypeus fringed with fulvous hairs; the cheeks have a long pale fulvous pubescence. Thorax: the wings hyaline, the nervures black. Abdomen smooth and shining, with black pubescence beneath; beneath, the apical margins of the segments with a fringe of very short white pubescence.

Hab. Aru.

3. Megachile insularis. M. nigra, nitida, delicatulè punctata, facie pube pallidè fulvâ vestitâ, abdomine subtùs pube lætè ferrugineâ vestito, alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 5½ lines. Black; the head and thorax finely and closely punctured, the abdomen delicately so; the face clothed with pale fulvous pubescence, the mandibles with two blunt teeth at their apex; the clypeus shining and strongly punctured. Thorax: the wings subhyaline with a slight cloud at their apex; the basal joint of the posterior tarsi with a dense dark ferruginous pubescence within. Abdomen: the four basal segments with transverse impressed lines in the middle; beneath, clothed with bright ferruginous pubescence; the abdomen has an obscure æneous tinge above.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Crocisa, Jurine.

1. Crocisa nitidula, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 386. 2.

Hab. Aru; Key Island; Australia; Amboyna.

Gen. Allodape, St.-Farg.

1. Allodape nitida. A. nitida nigra, clypeo flavo, alis hyalinis, abdomine ad apicem punctato.

Female. Length 3 lines. Black and shining; the clypeus yellow, produced in front; the sides of the face depressed; the ocelli prominent and reddish. Thorax very smooth and shining; the wings colourless and iridescent, their extreme base yellowish, the nervures and stigma brown, the tegulæ pale testaceous-yellow; the posterior tibiæ with a scopa of glittering white hairs, the tarsi ferruginous and with glittering hairs. Abdomen, from the third segment to the apex, gradually more and more strongly and closely punctured.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Xylocopa, Latr.

1. Xylocopa æstuans, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 961. 53 ♀; St.-Farg. Hym. ii. p. 193. 36 ♂ ♀.

Hab. Aru; India; Singapore; Celebes.

Gen. Saropoda, Latr.

1. Saropoda bombiformis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins. p. 2. p. 318. 6.

Hab. Aru; Australia (Richmond River).

Gen. Anthophora, Latr.

1. Anthophora zonata, Linn. Syst. Nat.

Hab. Aru Island; Celebes; Ceylon; India; Borneo; Hong-Kong; Shanghai; Philippine Islands.

2. Anthophora elegans. A. nigra, pube capitis thoracisque nigrâ, abdomine fasciis quatuor lætè cæruleis ornato; tibiis posticis ferrugineo-pubescentibus.

Female. Length 6 lines. Black; the labrum, a narrow line down the middle and another on each side of the clypeus, a minute spot above it, and the scape in front testaceous yellow, the base of the mandibles of a paler colour; the flagellum fulvous beneath. Thorax: the pubescence black; wings subhyaline, the nervures dark rufo-fuscous, tegulæ obscurely testaceous. Abdomen with four fasciæ of brilliant blue, which is changeable, with pearly tints in different lights; the posterior tibiæ densely clothed outside with fulvo-ferruginous pubescence; the pubescence inside is black.

Hab. Key Island.

Gen. Trigona, Jurine.

1. Trigona læviceps, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 51. 8.

Hab. Aru; Singapore; India.

Fam. FORMICIDÆ.

Gen. Formica.

1. Formica virescens, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. p. 355. 23 ♂ ♀ ☿.—Lasius virescens, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 417. 8.

2. Formica gracilipes, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 55. 13 ☿.

3. Formica fragilis. F. pallidè testacea, elongata et gracilis, capite posticè angustato; thorace medio compresso, pedibus elongatis; squamâ incrassatâ triangulatâ.

Worker. Length 3½ lines. Pale rufo-testaceous, smooth and slightly shining; antennæ elongate, longer than the body, the flagellum slender and filiform, the scape nearly as long as the head and thorax; head oblong, narrowed behind the eyes into a kind of neck, the sides parallel before the eyes, which are black and round, the clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly, the mandibles finely serrated on their inner margin and terminating in a bent acute tooth. Thorax elongate, narrowest in the middle, the prothorax forming a neck anteriorly; legs elongate and very slender. Abdomen ovate, the node of the petiole incrassate, and viewed sideways is triangular or wedge-shaped.

Hab. Aru.

This is one of those remarkable forms which recede so greatly from the normal type of Formica as apparently to indicate a generic distinction; but in those exotic species of which we have obtained all the forms, we find many which approach closely to the present insect, which is probably only the small worker of some already described species. No one would venture, without the authority of the personal observation of some competent naturalist, to unite all the forms of any exotic species of Formica.

4. Formica flavitarsus. F. nigra, elongata et gracilis; thorace posticè compresso, pedibus elongatis, tarsis flavis.

Worker. Length 4 lines. Black and subopake; head elongate, narrowed behind, the clypeus truncate anteriorly, the mandibles pale ferruginous; antennæ elongate and slender, the flagellum filiform and pale rufo-testaceous; the thorax and legs elongate, the latter slender with their tarsi pale rufo-testaceous. Abdomen ovate, the scale of the petiole incrassate and slightly notched above.

Hab. Aru.

5. Formica coxalis. F. nigra, nitida; flagello, coxis et abdomine subtùs pallidè testaceis.

Worker major. Length 5 lines. Black and very delicately roughened with a fine transverse waved striation only perceptible under a good magnifying power. Head large, much wider than the thorax, oblong-ovate with a deep emargination behind; the clypeus slightly produced and truncate anteriorly, the angles of the truncation rounded, and with a central shining carina; the flagellum, except the tarsal joint, pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax elongate, compressed behind, the coxæ pale rufo-testaceous. Abdomen ovate, the scale of the petiole incrassate, somewhat wedge-shaped when viewed sideways, the abdomen sparingly sprinkled with long pale hairs.

6. Formica cordata. F. pallidè rufa; abdomine fusco, capite cordato.

Worker. Length 2 lines. Pale rufo-testaceous; the head heart-shaped; the eyes black, the flagellum fusco-ferruginous with the basal joints pale; the mandibles ferruginous. Thorax narrow, deeply strangulated at the base of the metathorax. Abdomen more or less fuscous, the node of the petiole narrow and pointed above; the entire insect is smooth and shining.

Hab. Aru.

The worker minor is rather smaller and has the abdomen darker, in all the specimens received, but in other respects agrees with the above.

7. Formica oculata. F. pallidè ferruginea; capite oblongo, oculis magnis, thorace compresso.

Worker. Length 2½ lines. Pale ferruginous, with the vertex and apex of the abdomen black; the head oblong, the sides nearly parallel, with the anterior margin truncate; the mandibles with fine acute teeth on their inner margin; the antennæ inserted wide apart about the middle of the head; the eyes very large and ovate, placed backwards on the sides of the head, reaching to the posterior margin of the vertex, forming as it were its posterior lateral angles. The thorax narrow and compressed behind; abdomen ovate, entirely smooth and shining.

Hab. Aru.

8. Formica mutilata. F. nigra; capite oblongo, truncato anticè et sanguineo, antennis tarsisque rufo-testaceis.

Worker. Length 2¾ lines. Black and shining; the head truncate anteriorly, the antennæ inserted wide apart, about the middle, the face blood-red before their insertion and deeply striated longitudinally, behind the antennæ the head is black, smooth, and shining; the eyes ovate and placed backwards on the sides of the head. Thorax rounded in front and strangulated between the meso- and metathorax, the latter obliquely truncate; legs rather short and stout, the femora compressed, the anterior pair broadly dilated, the base and apex of the femora, the tibiæ, and tarsi rufo-testaceous, the tibiæ with a darker stain behind. Abdomen oblong-ovate, the apical margins of the segments narrowly pale testaceous; the scale of the petiole compressed, with its superior margin rounded.

Hab. Aru.

This is a very singular insect in many respects, and closely resembles in form the Formica truncata of Spinola.

9. Formica quadriceps. F. nigra, nitida; capite anticè obliquè truncato, thorace posticè compresso.

Worker. Length 3½ lines. Shining black; head oblong-quadrate, slightly narrowed anteriorly, with the sides nearly straight, the posterior angles rounded, and very slightly emarginate behind; the head obliquely truncate from the base of the clypeus; the truncation as well as the mandibles obscurely ferruginous; the apex of the flagellum and the apical joints of the tarsi pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax rounded anteriorly, compressed behind, with the metathorax abruptly truncate. The scale of the petiole narrow, incrassate, its anterior margin slightly curved, its posterior margin straight; the abdomen ovate.

Worker minor. About 3 lines long, very like the larger worker, the head being truncate in front; but it is, in proportion to the thorax, narrower; the latter is compressed and abruptly truncate; in other respects it agrees with the worker major.

Hab. Aru.

10. Formica lævissima. F. nigra nitida lævissima, sparsè pilosa; squamâ oblongâ subdepressâ.

Worker. Length 4 lines. Jet-black, very smooth and shining; head wider than the thorax, slightly emarginate behind, the sides slightly rounded; the anterior margin of the clypeus rounded, the mandibles striated and obscurely ferruginous; the scape with a few glittering silvery-white hairs. Thorax not quite so wide as the head anteriorly, narrowed behind, with the disk somewhat flattened, slightly convex, a deep strangulation between the meso- and metathorax, the latter obliquely rounded; the legs and abdomen sprinkled with glittering white hairs. The node of the petiole incrassate, very slightly elevated; viewed sideways, broadly wedge-shaped; the abdomen ovate.

Hab. Aru.

11. Formica nitida. F. capite abdomineque nigris, antennis thoraceque pedibusque rufo-testaceis lævissimis et lucidis.

Worker. Length 4 lines. Head and abdomen shining black; the flagellum, thorax, legs, and scale of the petiole rufo-testaceous; the legs palest; the scape fuscous, with its base pale; the head large, wider than the abdomen, and emarginate behind; the clypeus and mandibles obscurely ferruginous. Thorax compressed, not strangulated in the middle. The scale of the petiole narrow, with its margin rounded above; abdomen ovate, and sprinkled with a few erect pale hairs.

Hab. Aru.

12. Formica scrutator. F. nigerrima, mandibulis tarsorumque articulo apicali pallidè ferrugineis, thorace medio profundè coarctato.

Worker. Length 1½—2 lines. Shining black; the mandibles pale, ferruginous, with their inner margins finely denticulate; the eyes placed rather forwards on the sides of the head, the latter emarginate behind. Thorax deeply strangulated in the middle; the metathorax elevated and obliquely truncate behind. Abdomen ovate; the scale of the petiole sub-incrassate, with its margin rounded above; the insect very thinly covered with a fine cinereous pile.

Hab. Aru.

13. Formica angulata. F. nigra nitida; flagello capite anticè pedibusque obscurè ferrugineis, metathorace angulato.

Worker. Length 3 lines. Shining black; head of moderate size; the clypeus and mandibles obscure ferruginous; the flagellum fusco-ferruginous, with the tip pale testaceous. Thorax rounded anteriorly and compressed behind; the scutellum prominent, forming a small tubercle; the metathorax obliquely truncate, the margin of the truncation elevated, so that when viewed sideways the metathorax forms an obtuse angular shape. Abdomen ovate, the node of the peduncle elevated, incrassate, rounded anteriorly, and flat behind.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Polyrhachis, Smith.

1. Formica sericata, Guér. Voy. Coq. Zool. ii. 203; Atlas Ins. pl. 8. f. 2, 2 a, b, c, d, ☿. (Polyrhachis sericata, Smith, Append. Cat. Form. p. 200.)

Hab. Aru; New Hebrides.

2. Formica sexspinosa, Latr. Hist. Nat. Fourm. p. 126, pl. iv. f. 21 ☿. (Polyrhachis sexspinosa, Smith, Cat. Form. p. 56. 3.)

Hab. Aru; India; Philippine Islands.

3. Polyrhachis marginatus. P. niger; antennis, palpis pedibusque ferrugineis; thoracis marginibus recurvis, metathorace petiolique squamulâ bidentatis.

Worker. Length 2½ lines. Black; the antennæ and legs ferruginous; the head and thorax rugose; the prothorax transverse, its anterior margin slightly curved, with the lateral angles produced forwards and very acute; the thorax narrowed to the metathorax, which is armed with two divergent acute spines. Abdomen velvety black and globose; the scale of the petiole produced laterally into long, bent, acute spines, which curve backwards to the shape of the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

4. Polyrhachis hostilis. P. niger, longitudinaliter striatus, thoracis marginibus expansis, metathorace squamulâque petioli spinis duabus crassis acutis curvatis.

Worker. Length 3 lines. Black; the head and thorax longitudinally striated, the abdomen very finely and evenly so; the prothorax transverse, wider than the head, the anterior and lateral margins recurved, the latter acute at their anterior angles, and rounded at the posterior ones; the lateral margins of the mesothorax recurved, a deep notch between the meso- and metathorax; the latter with a long, stout, curved, acute spine on each side. The scale of the petiole produced above on each side, into a long, curved, stout, acute spine, which curves backwards round the sides of the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

5. Polyrhachis longipes. P. niger; flagelli dimidio apicali tibiisque anticis pallidè ferrugineis, prothorace petiolique squamulâ bidentatis.

Worker. Length 3 lines. Black; the head and thorax finely rugose; the antennæ elongate, longer than the insect; the apical half of the flagellum pale ferruginous. Thorax rounded above, the sides not margined; two spines on the thorax anteriorly, two on the metathorax, and two on the scale of the petiole; the legs elongate, with the anterior tibiæ ferruginous. Abdomen globose, sometimes rufo-fuscous, or the base obscurely rufous.

Hab. Aru.

6. Polyrhachis serratus. P. niger; capite thoraceque rugosis, abdomine densè punctato, squamâ petioli transversâ, margine superno serratâ.

Worker. Length 2 lines. Black, with the antennæ and legs ferruginous. Thorax oblong-quadrate or very slightly narrowed towards the metathorax, slightly convex above, not margined at the sides, the divisions not perceptible; the head and thorax rugose and pubescent. Abdomen globose, shining, and closely punctured; the scale of the petiole transverse above, produced into an acute spine on each side, the upper margin finely serrated, the lateral margins narrowed to their base, and having two or three small sharp spines.

Hab. Aru.

7. Polyrhachis scutulatus. P. niger, fortiter politus et lucidus, metathorace petiolique squamulâ dente longo curvato acuto in latere utroque, pedibus nigro-ferrugineis.

Worker. Length 2¾ lines. Black and very smooth and shining; the legs dark ferruginous. Thorax: the disk expanded, slightly convex above, with the margins acute and curving upwards; the anterior margin transverse, rather wider than the head, with the lateral angles slightly curved forwards, and very acute; the lateral margins of the prothorax curved backwards and inwards; the margins of the mesothorax are rounded; the pro- and mesothorax highly polished above, forming an escutcheon-shaped disk; the metathorax opake, and sprinkled with a few short glittering hairs, armed posteriorly with two long very acute spines, divergent and directed backwards. Abdomen globose; the scale of the petiole with two long curved acute spines, directed backwards to the curve of the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

8. Polyrhachis mucronatus. P. lævis, nitidus, niger; thorace spinis duabus crassis compressis acutis posticè armato.

Worker. Length 2½ lines. Black, smooth, and shining, very delicately and indistinctly aciculate; the antennæ beneath and the tibiæ and femora obscurely ferruginous, the anterior and intermediate tibiæ brightest; the apex of the mandibles ferruginous. Thorax transverse in front, or very slightly curved, with the lateral angles acute; the thorax is rounded above, and not margined at the sides; the metathorax armed with two long, stout, acute compressed spines; the spines divergent, as well as two on the scale of the petiole, which are long and very acute. Abdomen globose.

Hab. Aru.

9. Polyrhachis geometricus. P. niger; antennarum apice, tibiis tarsorumque apice ferrugineis, thorace circulariter striato.

Worker. Length 2 lines. Black; the apical joints of the flagellum, the anterior legs, the anterior and intermediate tibiæ, and the apical joints of the tarsi pale ferruginous; the extreme base of the anterior tarsi black. Thorax rounded above, not margined, gradually narrowed posteriorly; the prothorax of the same width as the head, its lateral angles toothed; the disk with a circular striation. Abdomen globose and pubescent; the scale of the petiole compressed, its superior margin rounded, and with four minute teeth.

Hab. Aru.

10. Polyrhachis irritabilis. P. niger, pube pallidè aureâ vestitus; thorace quadridentato, petioli squamulâ bidentatâ.

Female. Length 6½ lines. Black, and densely clothed with short pale golden pubescence; all parts of the insect sprinkled with erect cinereous hairs; the mandibles shining black, the palpi pale testaceous; the head elongate, the eyes placed high on the sides of the head, ferruginous and very prominent. Thorax elongate-ovate; the prothorax with a short, stout, acute tooth on each side, slightly curved and directed forwards; the metathorax with a similar tooth on each side directed backwards; the wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous; the legs fusco-ferruginous, the femora and coxæ brightest. Abdomen ovate; the scale incrassate, armed above with two stout acute teeth.

Hab. Aru.

This is probably the female of P. sexspinosus.

11. Polyrhachis lævissimus. P. niger, lævis nitidusque; metathorace bispinoso, petioli squamulâ quadrispinosâ, pedibus ferrugineis.

Worker. Length 2¾ lines. Black, very smooth and shining; the legs ferruginous, with the coxæ, articulations, and the tarsi black. The thorax not flattened above, or margined at the sides; the division between the pro- and mesothorax distinct, that between the meso- and metathorax not discernible, the latter with two erect acute spines; the scale of the petiole with four short acute spines. Abdomen globose.

Hab. Aru.

This species is very like P. mucronatus; on close examination, however, it is seen to be very distinct: it may be at once distinguished by its larger head, which is wider than the thorax, rounded behind the eyes, and widely emarginate behind.

12. Polyrhachis bellicosus. P. capite abdomineque nigris, thorace femoribusque rufis, thorace quadrispinoso, petioli squamulâ bihamatâ.

Worker. Length 3½ lines. Black, with the scale of the petiole, thorax, coxæ, and femora blood-red. Thorax: the lateral margins raised above, with two slightly curved divergent spines in front, and two stout, acute, long curved spines in the middle, directed backwards; the scale of the petiole forming a long erect pedestal, which terminates above in two much bent acute hooks, directed backwards, and being as high as the basal segment of the abdomen; the spines and hooks black at the apex. Abdomen ovate.

Hab. Aru.

13. Polyrhachis Hector. P. niger et vestitus pube pallidè aureâ; prothorace petiolique squamulâ bispinosis, pedibus ferrugineis.

Worker. Length 3 lines. Black; the apex of the scape and the legs ferruginous; the extreme base of the tibiæ and the tarsi black; a stout acute spine on each side of the prothorax, directed forwards; the thorax flattened above, its lateral margins raised; the divisions of the segments very distinctly impressed; the pale golden pubescence on the abdomen thinner than on the head and thorax. The scale of the petiole angled at the sides towards its summit, the angles dentate, the upper margin straight, and at each lateral angle an acute spine, directed backwards, and curved to the shape of the abdomen; the spines parallel.

Hab. Aru.

14. Polyrhachis rufofemoratus. P. niger, lævis, nitidus; femoribus abdominisque squamulâ ferrugineis.

Worker. Length 3½ lines. Black; head oblong; the eyes placed high at the sides near the vertex, the front very prominent, with two elevated carinæ in the middle, at the outside of which the antennæ are inserted. Thorax: the divisions strongly marked, flattened above with the sides elevated; the prothorax with an acute spine on each side anteriorly; the coxæ and femora ferruginous, with the apex of the latter more or less fuscous. Abdomen: the base and the scale ferruginous, the latter angled at the sides and emarginate above.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Ponera, Latr.

1. Ponera rugosa, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. 66. 5.

Hab. Aru. Borneo.

2. Ponera sculpturata. P. nitida nigra; capite, thorace abdominisque segmentis primo et secundo profundè striatis, nodo spinis duabus acutis armato; pedibus abdomineque apice ferrugineis.

Worker. Length 5 lines. Black and shiny, the legs obscurely ferruginous as well as the mandibles; the head strongly and evenly striated longitudinally. The prothorax with a circular striation above; behind, the thorax is compressed, the sides being obliquely striated, the striæ uniting and crossing the central ridge of the thorax. The node of the petiole and basal segment of the abdomen with a curved striation, the second segment longitudinally striated and depressed at its base, which is smooth and shining; the basal half of the third segment is longitudinally striated.

Hab. Aru.

This species is at first sight very like the P. geometrica from Singapore; but the striation of the abdomen alone will serve to distinguish it.

3. Ponera parallela. P. nigra, opaca; antennis, mandibulis, pedibus abdominisque apice ferrugineis.

Worker. Length 3¼ lines. Opake black; the antennæ thick and scarcely as long as the thorax, their apex and the mandibles bright ferruginous; the legs somewhat obscure ferruginous, with the articulations much brighter; the head a little wider than the thorax and subovate; the thorax, node of the petiole, and the abdomen of nearly equal width, the abdomen being slightly the widest; the node of the petiole nearly quadrate; the apical margin of the first segment and base of the second slightly depressed.

Hab. Aru.

4. Ponera quadridentata. P. atro-fusca; antennis, facie anticè, antennis, mandibulis, tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis; alis subhyalinis.

Female. Length 3½ lines. Nigro-fuscous; the antennæ with a carina between their base, the face anteriorly, the mandibles, the legs, and the abdomen at its apex and beneath, ferruginous; the femora and coxæ above, fuscous; the head subquadrate with the angles rounded; the eyes small and placed forwards on the sides of the head towards the base of the mandibles, the latter with four strong teeth on their inner margin. Thorax oblong-ovate with the metathorax truncate; the wings fusco-hyaline, the stigma large and black. Abdomen: the second segment slightly narrowed at its base, the node of the petiole incrassate and compressed, its upper margin rounded. The insect entirely covered with a short downy cinereous pile, the abdomen having also a number of scattered erect glittering hairs.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Ectatomma, Smith.

1. Ectatomma rugosa. E. fusco-brunnea; capite, thorace, nodoque rugosis; abdomine delicatulè aciculato.

Worker. Length 4 lines. Obscure fusco-ferruginous, the antennæ and legs bright ferruginous; the head, thorax, and node of the petiole coarsely rugose; the eyes very prominent and glassy; the mandibles longitudinally but very delicately striated, their inner margin edentate; the thorax slightly narrowed behind. Abdomen very delicately aciculate.

Male. Length 3½ lines. Of the same colour, and sculptured like the worker; the head rounded behind the eyes and narrowed before them; the eyes very large, prominent and ovate; the ocelli very bright and prominent; antennæ elongate and slender, the scape short, not longer than the second joint of the flagellum. Thorax: the scutellum prominent, forming a rounded tubercle, the metathorax elongate and oblique. Abdomen aciculate as in the worker, but much more deeply strangulated between the first and second segments; the petiole rugose and clavate.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Odontomachus, Latr.

1. Odontomachus simillimus, Smith, Cat. Form. p. 80. 11 ♀.

Hab. Aru. Ceylon.

2. Odontomachus tyrannicus. O. capite thoraceque nigris, antennis abdomineque ferrugineis, margine interno mandibulorum serratulo.

Worker. Length 7 lines. Head oblong, narrowed behind, posteriorly deeply emarginate; the mandibles rufo-piceous, brightest at their apex, which is armed with two long teeth which are bent abruptly inwards, their tips black; the anterior portion of the head striated obliquely from the centre; the head, behind the anterior sulcation, very smooth and shining and having a deep longitudinal central depression. Thorax transversely striated, the articulations of the legs and the tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen smooth, shining, and ferruginous; the node of the petiole incrassate, cylindric, and tapering upwards into a very acute spine.

Hab. Aru.

3. Odontomachus malignus. O. ferrugineus; capite suprà obliquè striato; margine interno mandibulorum confertim serrato; metathorace transversim striato; squamâ unispinosâ; abdomine lævissimo.

Worker. Length 7 lines. Ferruginous; the flagellum and legs palest; head much narrowed behind, the posterior margin deeply emarginate; mandibles smooth and shining, their inner margin strongly serrated, their apex abruptly bent or elbowed, and armed with two stout teeth; the face anteriorly evenly striated obliquely; the head behind the anterior sulcation very delicately striated obliquely. The prothorax smooth and shining, the meso- and metathorax transversely striated. Abdomen very smooth and shining; the node of the petiole incrassate and tapering upwards into an acute spine.

Hab. Aru.

This species most closely resembles O. maxillaris from Brazil; but its smooth polished prothorax alone would distinguish it; its head is much broader anteriorly, and less elongate.

Gen. Pseudomyrma, Guér.

1. Pseudomyrma læviceps. P. nigra, lævis et nitida; antennis, mandibulis, tibiis anterioribus, tarsisque rufo-fulvis.

Worker. Length 2¼ lines. Black and shining; head very smooth and slightly emarginate behind, the eyes large and ovate; the mandibles and antennæ rufo-fulvous. Thorax with the sides flattened, the disk slightly convex; a deep strangulation between the meso- and metathorax, the latter rounded above and oblique behind; the trochanters, articulations of the legs, and the tarsi rufo-fulvous. Abdomen thinly covered with a fine cinereous pile; the first node of the petiole somewhat oblong-ovate, the second subglobose, the petiole of the first node short.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Podomyrma, Smith.

Head oblong in the female, rather wider than the thorax; in the worker subovate and much wider; eyes small, ovate and placed about the middle at the sides of the head; antennæ geniculated, the scape about two thirds of the length of the flagellum which is clavate, the club three-jointed; the mandibles stout and dentate; the labial palpi 3-jointed; the maxillary palpi 4-jointed. Thorax, oblong-ovate in the female, in the worker transverse in front and narrowed behind with the metathorax bidentate; the anterior wings with one elongate marginal cell and two submarginal cells, the second extending to the apex of the wing; the legs stout, the femora incrassate; abdomen ovate, the peduncle with two nodes.

The insects included in this genus are undoubtedly most nearly allied to those belonging to the genus Myrmecina; but, excepting that they agree in having the same number of joints in the palpi, they have little resemblance to each other. With the exception of the genus Myrmecia, these are the largest insects in the subfamily Myrmicidæ; and all the species are distinguished by their remarkably thickened femora and margined thorax: we are unacquainted with the males.

1. Podomyrma femorata. P. ferruginea; capite oblongo, obliquè striato, thorace abdomineque lævibus nitidis; alis subhyalinis fusco-nebulosis; femoribus valdè incrassatis, basi tenuissimis, femoribus posticis infrà compressis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Rufo-testaceous; the mandibles and anterior margin of the face black, the inner margin of the mandibles rufo-piceous and armed with six short stout teeth, the apical tooth largest. The head oblong, slightly narrowed posteriorly and emarginate behind, longitudinally striated, the striæ diverging from the centre at the anterior ocellus; at half the distance between the posterior ocelli and the margin of the vertex the striæ are transverse. Thorax smooth and shining, with scattered fulvous hairs; the wings fusco-hyaline, with a dark fuscous stain occupying the marginal cell and traversing the course of all the nervures; the legs with the femora much incrassated, the posterior pair compressed beneath into a flattened process or keel. Abdomen ovate, smooth, shining, and with a scattered fulvous pubescence; the first node of the petiole rounded in front, narrowed and truncate behind, with a large compressed tooth beneath; the second node subglobose.

Worker major. Length 4 lines. Ferruginous, entirely smooth and shining; the thorax, legs, and abdomen more or less obscure, the femora being usually rufo-piceous; the mandibles striated with their margins black. Thorax nearly flat above, very slightly convex with the sides margined, the anterior margin slightly rounded, the lateral angles produced into small acute spines; a deep strangulation at the base of the metathorax, a little before which the lateral margins are produced into an angular tooth, the metathorax with two short acute spines; the femora thickly incrassate. Abdomen ovate.

Hab. Aru.

2. Podomyrma striata. P. ferruginea; capite thoraceque longitudinaliter striatis, femoribus valdè incrassatis, basi tenuissimis.

Worker. Length 3 lines. Rufo-ferruginous with the abdomen obscure, becoming blackish at the apex, the head coarsely striated, with a central portion from the insertion of the antennæ to the hinder margin of the vertex delicately so; the mandibles striated, with the teeth on their inner margin black. Thorax rugose-striate, the anterior lateral angles dentate, the metathorax without spines; the femora thickly incrassate and greatly attenuated at their base. Abdomen ovate, smooth and shining; the nodes of the petiole rugose.

Hab. Aru.

This species resembles P. femorata, but is easily distinguished by its striated head and thorax; the latter is similarly flattened above and margined at the sides; the femora are also thickened precisely as in that species.

3. Podomyrma lævifrons. P. obscurè ferruginea; capite abdomineque lævissimis lucidisque; thorace longitudinaliter striato; femoribus medio valdè incrassatis, basi tenuissimis.

Worker. Length 2½ lines. Head and abdomen smooth, shining black, in some examples fusco-ferruginous; the antennæ, legs, and thorax ferruginous, the latter longitudinally striated; the thorax margined at the sides, the disk slightly convex, the anterior margin slightly rounded, with the lateral angles armed with short acute spines, the thorax deeply strangulated posteriorly, the metathorax not spined; the femora thickly swollen in the middle and very slender at their base and apex. Abdomen ovate, the first node of the petiole oblong, the second globose.

Hab. Aru.

There is considerable variation in intensity of colouring in examples of this species, the thorax and legs being sometimes pale ferruginous; in the specimen described they are dark; every shade of gradation occurs in different individuals.

4. Podomyrma basalis. P. fusco-ferruginea; abdominis basi pallidè testacea; femoribus medio incrassatis, basi tenuibus.

Worker. Length 3 lines. Obscurely ferruginous, the scape of the antennæ, the base of the femora and the tibiæ pale ferruginous; the base of the abdomen pale testaceous; the head and thorax with deep coarse longitudinal furrows; the flagellum blackish-brown towards its apex, with the extreme tip pale. Thorax: the anterior margin slightly rounded with the lateral angles very acute; the femora very thickly incrassate in the middle; the apex of the tibiæ ferruginous. Abdomen smooth and shining; the basal half pale testaceous, the apical half and the following segments black; the nodes of the petiole rugose; the first node elongate, with a short acute tooth at the base above, and a blunt one beneath.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Myrmica, Latr.

1. Myrmica parallela. M. rufo-fulva; antennis pedibusque pallidè testaceis; abdomine fusco-ferrugineo; capite thoraceque longitudinaliter striatis.

Worker. Length 1 line. Head and thorax ferruginous and longitudinally and evenly striated; antennæ and legs pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax margined at the sides, the disk slightly convex, the anterior margin transverse, the lateral angles acute; the metathorax with two short spines; abdomen dark fusco-ferruginous, the nodes of the petiole subrugose; club of the antennæ 3-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

2. Myrmica scabrosa. M. nigra; capite thoraceque scabrosis, metathorace bispinoso, abdomine ovato lævi.

Worker. Length 1 line. Black; the head, thorax, and nodes of the petiole roughened; the mandibles, flagellum and tarsi rufo-testaceous; the lateral angles of the prothorax acute, the sides narrowed slightly to the base of the metathorax, the spines on the latter acute; nodes of the petiole globose. Abdomen ovate, smooth and shining; club of the antennæ 3-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

3. Myrmica thoracica. M. capite abdomineque nigris; antennis, mandibulis thorace pedibusque flavis.

Worker. Length ¾ line. Head and abdomen jet-black; the antennæ, thorax, and legs of a clear honey-yellow; the mandibles of a more obscure yellow; the anterior margin of the thorax transverse, the lateral angles acute, narrowed from thence to the base of the mesothorax, the disk anteriorly slightly convex; the metathorax armed with two acute spines. Abdomen nearly round, and very smooth and shining; the first node of the petiole vertical anteriorly, and gradually rounded behind, the second node transverse, its anterior margin straight, the angles rounded, the sides narrowed towards the abdomen; the club of the antennæ 3-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

The singular form of the thorax of this species, as well as the construction of the nodes of the petiole, appear to indicate an uncharacterized division of the genus Myrmica.

4. Myrmica suspiciosa. M. rufo-testacea, lævis, tota nitidissima nuda; mandibulis, antennis, pedum articulationibus tarsisque palles-centibus; metathoracis spinis minutissimis.

Worker. Length 1 line. Rufo-testaceous and very smooth and shining; the antennæ as long as the insect; the flagellum, mandibles, tarsi, and articulations of the legs pale testaceous. The thorax narrowed anteriorly into a short neck, behind which it is dilated, the sides being rounded, the meso- and metathorax narrower and of nearly equal width, the spines of the metathorax minute and slender. The first node of the petiole somewhat wedge-shaped, the second globose, the abdomen very smooth and shining; club of the antennæ 3-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

I can detect no specific difference between this and Myrmica lævigata, taken by myself in the neighbourhood of London; but it is not uncommonly met with in hothouses, near to which I captured my specimen. I believe M. lævigata is identical with Œcophthora pusilla, the House-Ant of Madeira.

5. Myrmica mellea. M. capite thoraceque flavis; abdomine pallidè fusco.

Worker. Length 1¾ line. Head, antennæ, thorax, and legs honey-yellow and very smooth and shining; thorax strangulated at the base of the metathorax, which is not spined; the first node of the abdomen is oblique anteriorly, and vertical behind, the second node subglobose. Abdomen: the base honey-yellow, the apical margin of the first segment, and the following segments entirely, pale fuscous; the club of the antennæ 2-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

6. Myrmica carinata. M. obscurè fusco-ferruginea; thorace rufo-fulvo; capite thoraceque carinis irregularibus; metathorace spinis duabus longis armato.

Worker. Length 1¼ lines. Head and abdomen black, with more or less of an obscure ferruginous tinge, particularly at the vertex and base of the abdomen; the thorax and nodes of the petiole ferruginous; the legs rufo-piceous, with the tarsi and articulations ferruginous, the antennæ and mandibles ferruginous; the head and thorax with irregular distant longitudinal carinæ; the sides of the thorax rugose; the spines on the metathorax long and acute; the abdomen very smooth and shining; the club of the antennæ 3-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Crematogaster, Lund.

1. Crematogaster obscura, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. 76. 4 ☿.

Hab. Aru; Borneo.

2. Crematogaster elegans. C. pallidè rufo-testaceus; abdomine nigerrimo nitido; thorace bispinoso.

Worker. Length ¾ line. Entirely pale rufo-testaceous, excepting the eyes and abdomen which are jet black; the nodes of the petiole pale, smooth, and shining. Head about the same width as the abdomen. The lateral angles of the anterior margin of the prothorax acute, the metathorax armed with two long acute spines. Abdomen heart-shaped, its apex acute.

Hab. Aru.

3. Crematogaster insularis. C. niger, lævis et nitidus; antennis tarsisque pallidè testaceis; thorace spinis duabus acutis armato.

Worker. Length 1¼ line. Black, smooth and shining; the vertex, thorax and nodes of the peduncle with an obscure ferruginous tinge; the antennæ, tarsi, and articulations of the legs pale rufo-testaceous; the spines which arm the metathorax stout, elongate, and acute, with their apex pale testaceous. Abdomen heart-shaped and very acute at the apex.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Solenopsis, Westw.

1. Solenopsis cephalotes. S. pallidè ferruginea; capite maximè in medio sulcato, abdomine apice fusco.

Worker major. Length 2½ lines. Pale ferruginous, with the anterior part of the face darker, the mandibles incrassate and very dark fusco-ferruginous; head very large and divided by a deep longitudinal channel, emarginate behind, nearly quadrate; the eyes small and placed forwards on the sides of the head. The metathorax truncate, not spined. Abdomen ovate, truncate at the base, its apex fuscous; the first node of the petiole compressed, its margin rounded above, the second node incrassate and subglobose; club of the antennæ 2-jointed.

Worker minor. Length 1½ line. Of the same colour as the worker major, but with the head of the ordinary size and slightly narrowed behind, the mandibles of the same colour as the head; the legs and antennæ longer, as well as the petiole of the abdomen; the body is very smooth and shining, the club of the antennæ 2-jointed.

Hab. Aru.

Subfam. Cryptoceridæ, Smith.

Gen. Meranoplus, Smith.

1. Meranoplus spinosus. M. castaneo-rufus; abdomine nigro, thorace sexspinoso; abdomine ovato.

Worker. Length 1½ line. Head and thorax rugose; the antennæ and tarsi rufo-testaceous; the eyes rather prominent, the groove above them at the sides of the head extending backwards to the vertex. Thorax: the anterior margin curved forwards, the lateral angles produced into a bifurcate process on each side, behind the processes, slightly narrowed to the base of a long curved tooth; the posterior margin emarginate with a long sharp spine at each angle of the emargination; the node of the petiole globose. Abdomen black, smooth and shining.

Hab. Aru.

Fam. MUTILLIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Mutilla, Linn.

1. Mutilla Sibylla, Smith, Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. 86. 11 ♀.

Hab. Aru; Borneo; Celebes.

2. Mutilla manifesta. M. capite abdomineque nigris, thorace sanguineo-rubro, maris alis nigro-fuscis.

Female. Length 4¾ lines. Head black and rugose. The thorax blood-red and coarsely rugose, its anterior margin widest and straight, the sides gradually narrowed to the apex in a slight curve; the lateral margins have two teeth not wide apart. Abdomen black, rugose, and slightly shining, with black pubescence above; on the under surface it is glittering silvery-white; the legs and sides of the thorax have a similar pubescence.

Male. The same size as the female, and the same colour; the eyes notched. The thorax oblong-quadrate, the posterior lateral angles acute; the tegulæ large and red; the wings dark brown, with their extreme base hyaline. Abdomen shining black, the first and second segments strongly punctured, the rest much more finely and not very closely so.

Hab. Aru.

3. Mutilla carinata. M. capite thoraceque metallico-purpureis viridi tinctis, pedibus ferrugineis, abdomine nigro, basi pallido fasciatâ, segmento secundo ad apicem fasciâ bilobatâ ornato.

Female. Length 4¼ lines. The head and thorax of a metallic purple tint with shades of green and copper; the scape of the antennæ, the mandibles, palpi, and legs ferruginous; the head and thorax closely and strongly punctured. The abdomen velvety black; the base truncate, the truncation smooth and shining; its margin carinate; the upper surface of the basal segment yellowish-white, a broad bilobed fascia of the same colour at the apical margin of the second segment; the apex ferruginous. Male. The head and thorax metallic green, strongly and closely punctured; abdomen black and shining, much more finely punctured than the thorax; wings light brown, with their base and extreme apex hyaline; the legs ferruginous.

Hab. Aru.

4. Mutilla nigra. M. nigra et punctata, abdomine lævi et nitido, delicatulè punctato, alis fuscis, basi hyalinis.

Male. Length 6½ lines. Black; head and thorax closely and strongly punctured; the eyes slightly notched; the face with silvery-white pubescence, the mandibles shining, the palpi black. Thorax: the metathorax densely clothed with yellowish-white pubescence; the legs with glittering white hairs, the calcaria white; wings brown with their base hyaline. Abdomen smooth and shining, delicately and sparingly punctured, with a few silvery hairs at the sides.

Hab. Aru.

5. Mutilla exilis. M. nigra et punctata; abdomine lævigato, nitido; alis subhyalinis; facie et metathorace pube argentatâ vestitis.

Male. Length 6½ lines. Black; head and thorax strongly punctured; the eyes emarginate, the face with glittering silvery-white pubescence, the cheek thinly sprinkled with silvery hairs; the palpi testaceous. Thorax: the metathorax densely clothed with silvery pubescence, beneath, at the sides, and also the legs with scattered silvery hairs, the calcaria white; the tegulæ shining; the wings subhyaline with the nervures dark fuscous. Abdomen shining black, smooth, and very delicately and sparingly punctured, the apical margins of the segments very thinly fringed with glittering silvery hairs.

Hab. Aru.

Tribe FOSSORES, Latr.

Fam. SCOLIADÆ, Leach.

Gen. Myzine.

1. Myzine tenuicornis. M. nigra, alis hyalinis, abdomine nitido flavoque variegato.

Male. Length 7 lines. Black; the head and thorax very closely punctured, thinly clothed with griseous pubescence, that on the face, thorax beneath, and on the coxæ most dense and glittering; antennæ more slender than is usual in this genus, and tapering to their apex, the joints slightly subarcuate; the mandibles bidentate at their apex and with a yellow spot at their base. Thorax: the posterior margin of the prothorax, a spot beneath the wings, the tegulæ, and the postscutellum yellow; the anterior and intermediate tibiæ ferruginous and more or less dusky above, the posterior pair ferruginous beneath. Abdomen shining, the margins of the segments deeply depressed; a small ovate spot on each side of the first segment, the second and three following segments with a narrow stripe on each side in the middle, yellow; the yellow markings obscure; the apical segment coarsely rugose; beneath, the segments are closely and strongly punctured.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Scolia, Fabr.

Division I. The anterior wings with two submarginal cells and two recurrent nervures.

1. Scolia grossa, Burm. Abh. Nat. Ges. Halle, i. p. 23. (Tiphia grossa, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 232. 4.)

Hab. Aru; Java.

The specimens of this species received from Aru are only 9 lines in length; I have examined others from Celebes, Borneo, India, and Java, showing every difference between 9 lines and 18 lines.

Division II. Anterior wings with two submarginal cells and one recurrent nervure.

2. Scolia nitida. S. nitida, aterrima; alis æneo et violaceo splendidè micantibus.

Female. Length 11 lines. Shining jet-black, the abdomen with prismatic tints. The flagellum fusco-ferruginous beneath, the mandibles ferruginous at their apex; the wings dark brown with a splendid lustre of coppery and golden tints mixed with shades of violet. The head with a few punctures behind the ocelli; the thorax with scattered punctures; the metathorax finely but not closely punctured; the disk of the mesothorax impunctate; the abdomen with fine scattered punctures; the apical segment opake, rugose, and with its apical margin pale testaceous; the abdomen beneath with strong distant punctures.

Hab. Aru.

3. Scolia fulgidipennis. S. nitida, nigra; abdomine prismatico, alis fuscis viride et violaceo micantibus.

Female. Length 12-13 lines. Jet-black, shining; head very smooth, the hinder margin of the vertex finely punctured, the face with a few fine scattered punctures; the flagellum obscurely rufo-fuscous. Thorax finely punctured, the disk of the mesothorax impunctate; wings dark brown with a splendid green iridescence, with violet tints towards their base; the legs thickly spinose and pubescent; the calcaria simple. Abdomen with scattered fine punctures; the apical segment densely clothed with black pubescence; beneath, with strong scattered punctures.

Male. Rather smaller than the female, much more closely punctured, and not so shining and smooth; the face with a transverse arched carina above the insertion of the antennæ, which enters the emargination of the eyes; the clypeus strongly punctured; in other respects resembling the female.

Hab. Aru.

This species belongs to Guérin's division Liacos, of which S. dimidiata is the type; the third discoidal cell is petiolated, the petiole entering the second submarginal about the middle.

4. Scolia insularis. S. nitida nigra; abdomine prismatico, alis obscurè fuscis cupreo submicantibus.

Male. Length 7-9 lines. Shining black; head punctured, the vertex most finely and distinctly so. Thorax punctured, the disk of the mesothorax impunctate, the punctures wide apart on the scutellum and metathorax; the wings dark brown with a coppery iridescence, which has a remarkable dimness as if breathed upon. The basal segment of the abdomen strongly and closely punctured; the following segments more finely and distantly punctured, particularly the second and third segments.

Hab. Key Island.

5. Scolia quadriceps. S. nitida nigra; fœminæ capite magno subquadrato, alis fuscis cupreo iridescentibus.

Female. Length 6-8 lines. Black and shining; head subquadrate, smooth and shining, as wide as the thorax, with a few punctures at the sides of the face and between the antennæ. Thorax finely punctured, with the disk of the mesothorax impunctate; wings dark brown with a rich coppery iridescence. Abdomen with a fine prismatic lustre, closely and strongly punctured towards the apex and at the extreme base, the second segment and the middle of the third with only a few very fine scattered punctures.

Hab. Aru.

This species also belongs to the division Liacos; the petiolated cell is small and oblong-quadrate; the male exactly resembles the female, except that its head is smaller and narrower than the thorax; the abdomen is rather more strongly punctured.

Gen. Pompilus, Fabr.

1. Pompilus dubius. P. niger, pilis mutabili-sericeis tectus; alis subhyalinis, apice nebuloso.

Female. Length 4¼ lines. Black and covered with a thin changeable silvery pile, which is most dense on the sides of the metathorax and base of the segments of the abdomen. The vertex emarginate behind, the eyes very large, their inner orbits emarginate, reaching high on the sides of the head nearly to the margin of the vertex; the clypeus emarginate in front, the labrum produced. Thorax: the prothorax subelongate, narrowed anteriorly; the wings subhyaline, their apex clouded; the intermediate and posterior tibiæ with a double row of spines; all the tarsi simple; the calcaria stout and elongate. Abdomen shining, with the margins of the segments slightly depressed.

Hab. Aru.

Subgen. Agenia, Schiödte.

1. Agenia blanda, Guér. Voy. Coq. Zool. pt. 2. ii. p. 260.

Hab. Celebes; India; Singapore; Malacca; Borneo; Key Island.

2. Agenia Callisto. A. nigra, pilis sericeis vestita; facie thoraceque subtùs pube argentato-albâ densè: vestitis; alis fasciis duabus angustis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Black; the face, clypeus, and cheeks with a dense silvery-white pile; the tips of the mandibles obscurely ferruginous, the palpi black. Thorax with a brilliant silvery-white pile on the sides, beneath, and on the coxæ; the metathorax transversely rugose; the wings hyaline; the anterior pair with a narrow fuscous fascia at the apex of the externo-medial cell, and a second rather broader at the base of the marginal cell, which does not quite cross the wing; the apex of the wing fuscous. Abdomen petiolated, smooth and shining, with a beautiful glossy pile, which is most dense at the sides; the apical segment longitudinally subcarinated in the middle above.

Hab. Aru.

3. Agenia jucunda. A. nitida nigra; facie metathorace abdomineque pube sericeâ vestitis; antennis, pedibus, abdominisque marginibus apicalibus ferrugineis; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 5½ lines. Black; head, pro- and mesothorax, as well as the scutellum, glassy-smooth and shining; the face covered with silvery-white pile; the antennæ, tips of the mandibles, and the legs ferruginous; the palpi elongate and pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax: the wings hyaline and iridescent, the nervures very slender and pale rufo-testaceous, the stigma fuscous; the metathorax rounded behind, transversely rugose, and covered with silvery-white pile. Abdomen petiolated; the apical margins of the second and following segments ferruginous, the apical segment entirely so; the ferruginous band on each segment produced in the middle into an angular shape; on the abdomen beneath they are similarly produced; the basal segment entirely ferruginous, with a black spot on each side.

Hab. Aru.

4. Agenia Althea. A. nigra; facie pube argentato-albâ vestitâ, thorace abdomineque sericeo pubescentibus; alis hyalinis, venis nigris.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black; the face silvery; the anterior margin of the clypeus rounded and narrowly smooth and shining; tips of the mandibles ferruginous; the mandibles elongate and pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax: the metathorax finely transversely rugose, the sides with bright silvery-white pubescence; the coxæ, the thorax beneath and on the sides, with fine silky sericeous pile; the anterior tibiæ and tarsi, and all the femora at their apex beneath, ferruginous; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures black; the outer margin of the tegulæ testaceous. Abdomen shining, and with a fine silvery sericeous pile; the apical margins of the segments narrowly rufo-piceous; the terminal segment with an elongate, smooth, shining space, which extends to the apex, which is testaceous.

Hab. Aru.

5. Agenia Alcyone. A. nigra, pilis sericeis cinereis vestita; antennis pedibusque ferrugineis, alis hyalinis; abdomine petiolato; marginibus apicalibus segmentorum flavis.

Male. Length 7 lines. Black; the antennæ, tips of the mandibles, and the legs ferruginous; the scape in front, a narrow line on the inner orbit of the eyes, and the anterior portion of the clypeus yellow; the antennæ fuscous above towards their base. Thorax: the femora beneath towards their base, the trochanters and coxæ, except their apex, black; the apical joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi fuscous; wings hyaline, the nervures fusco-ferruginous, the tegulæ reddish-yellow. Abdomen petiolated; the apical margins of the segments with reddish-yellow fasciæ; beneath, the margins of the segments are rufo-piceous, not fasciated.

Hab. Aru.

6. Agenia Amalthea. A. nigra, pilis tenuibus cinereis sericeis vestita; antennis anticè pedibusque anticis et intermediis anticè ferrugineis; abdomine petiolato; alis hyalinis bifasciatis.

Female. Length 6 lines. Black; the face densely covered with silvery pile; the antennæ in front, the anterior margin of the clypeus and the tips of the mandibles ferruginous; palpi elongate and pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax: the posterior margin of the prothorax narrowly, the tegulæ, the anterior and intermediate femora in front, the posterior pair towards their apex beneath, the anterior tibiæ and tarsi, the intermediate and posterior tibiæ more or less beneath, and their tarsi, ferruginous; the tarsi sometimes dusky above; the wings hyaline, a narrow fuscous fascia at the apex of the externo-medial cell, and a broad one crossing at, and being the width of, the second and third submarginal cells; tips of the wings milky-white; the metathorax rounded posteriorly, transversely finely rugose and densely covered with short silvery-white pubescence at the sides and apex. Abdomen petiolated, smooth and shining, with the apex and the margins of the segments narrowly rufo-piceous.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Priocnemis, Schiödte.

1. Priocnemis pulcherrimus. P. lætè ruber; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice latè fusco, abdominis lateribus nigris.

Female. Length 7½ lines. Bright red; the anterior margin of the clypeus with a minute tooth in the centre; the tips of the mandibles fuscous. The metathorax slightly striated transversely, and with a central as well as a lateral longitudinal groove; the wings flavo-hyaline, their apex with a fuscous cloud, which commences at the base of the first discoidal cell, the extreme tips pale; the tibiæ and tarsi with short slender spines; the extreme apex of the joints of the posterior tarsi black. Abdomen: the short petiole of the basal segment, and the sides of the second, third, and fourth segments black, leaving a red line down the middle of each; beneath, the second, third, and base of the fourth segments black.

Hab. Aru.

2. Priocnemis fervidus. P. capite, antennis, thorace pedibusque ferrugineis; abdomine nigro; alis fuscis basi subhyalinis.

Female. Length 9 lines. Ferruginous, with the abdomen black; the anterior margin of the clypeus rounded. The metathorax transversely rugose; the pectus, and coxæ at their base within, black; wings brown, with a violet iridescence, their base rufo-hyaline; the intermediate and posterior tibiæ with a double row of spines, all the tarsi spinose. Abdomen shining black, with the extreme apex slightly ferruginous.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Macromeris, St.-Farg.

1. Macromeris iridipennis. M. cæruleo-nigra; abdomine iridescente, alis cæruleo-violaceoque splendidè micantibus; pedibus mutieis, simplicibus.

Female. Length 12 lines. Blue-black; abdomen with a changeable iridescent pile; head and thorax with a black velvety pubescence; the metathorax very finely rugose and opake; the legs simple; the posterior tibiæ villose within; the wings very dark brown, with a splendid violet and blue iridescence.

Male. Very closely resembling the female, but rather smaller; the anterior and intermediate femora more incrassate, and all the femora with a simple row of teeth or serrations on their inferior margins.

Hab. Aru.

Although this species of Macromeris is very similar in colour to the M. violacea of St.-Fargeau, the femora are not so thick as in that species, not in fact much more so than in the female; and the row of teeth beneath is a strong specific character.

Gen. Salius, Fabr.

1. Salius malignus. S. niger, pube cinereâ sericeâ vestitus; alis fuscis, albo fasciatis.

Female. Length 9 lines. Black, and covered with a fine thin ashy pile; the scape in front, and the anterior margin of the clypeus narrowly, obscure yellow; the mandibles ferruginous at their apex, which has a single notch; the palpi pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax: the prothorax with a slightly interrupted narrow fascia a little before its posterior margin, and the scutellum, yellow; the anterior femora broadly dilated, and, as well as the anterior tibiæ, ferruginous within; the intermediate tibiæ ferruginous at their apex in front, and the posterior pair with a yellowish-white spot at their base outside; the calcaria pale testaceous, the claws ferruginous, the anterior tarsi entirely so, but more or less obscure; the posterior tibiæ slightly spinose; the anterior wings brown, with a white fascia crossing at the first discoidal cell, and a second at the apex of the third submarginal, the extreme base and the anterior margin of the externo-medial cell hyaline. Abdomen: the apical margins of the segments with a little bright silvery pile.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Mygnimia, Smith.

1. Mygnimia aspasia. M. cæruleo-nigra; capite thoraceque pube holosericeâ vestitis; alis fulvo-hyalinis; abdomine pilis iridescentibus vestito.

Female. Length 14 lines. Black, with shades of blue in certain lights; the abdomen with bright tints of blue and violet, caused by fine iridescent changeable pile; the legs have a similar pile, very bright on the femora within; the head and thorax with a short black velvety pubescence; the wings flavo-hyaline; the nervures pale ferruginous; the extreme base of the wings blackish, their apical margins with a narrow fuscous border. The legs spinose; the posterior tibiæ with a double row of strong serrations.

Gen. Sphex, Fabr.

1. Sphex argentata, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i. 25. 1.

Hab. Aru; Celebes; Sumatra; India; Greece; Africa; East Florida.

2. Sphex sericea, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 211. 19.

Hab. Aru; Malacca; Borneo; Java; Philippine Islands.

3. Sphex aurifrons. S. niger; facie pube aureâ vestitâ, alis flavo-hyalinis apice fuscis, abdomine pilis sericeo-aureis vestito.

Female. Black; the face densely clothed with golden pubescence, the head having a number of scattered long golden-yellow hairs. Thorax thinly covered with long yellow pubescence, which is most dense at the sides of the metathorax; the tibiæ, tarsi, and posterior femora ferruginous; the claw-joint of the tarsi black; the tibiæ and tarsi with black spines; the wings fulvo-hyaline, their apex with a narrow fuscous border, the nervures ferruginous. Abdomen covered with a fine, thin, golden-reflecting pile; the apical margins of the segments rufo-testaceous, the testaceous margin produced in the middle into a triangular shape, most conspicuously so on the segments beneath.

Hab. Aru.

4. Sphex nitidiventris. S. niger; abdomine nigro-cæruleo, lævigato, nitido; alis fuscis.

Female. Length 12 lines. Black; the face with silvery pubescence, and thinly covered with long black hairs; the clypeus with a central longitudinal carina at the base, which terminates at the middle, from whence to the anterior margin is a broad, smooth, shining space. Thorax shining and finely punctured; the metathorax opake and covered with long, loose, black pubescence; the legs shining, the posterior tibiæ with shining grey pile within; wings brown, darkest at their base. Abdomen blue, and very smooth and shining, oblong-ovate; the apical segment vertical.

Hab. Aru.

5. Sphex sepicola. S. niger; facie pube aureâ vestitâ; alis subhyalinis apice fuscis; abdomine nitido.

Female. Length 9 lines. Black; the face densely clothed with golden pubescence, the cheeks with iridescent pile, with a long, loose, scattered pale yellow pubescence on the head and thorax; the mandibles smooth, shining black. The disk of the thorax with an obscure chalybeous tint, shining and finely punctured; the metathorax opake and finely rugose; the wings subhyaline, their apical margins fuscous, the nervures fusco-ferruginous. Abdomen with a slender subelongate petiole, and with a thin, silky, grey pile; the apical margins of the segments narrowly and obscurely rufo-piceous.

Male. Rather smaller than the female, more slender and more pubescent, the pubescence on the face paler.

Hab. Aru.

6. Sphex gratiosa. S. capite thoraceque nigris, abdomine cæruleo, alis fusco-hyalinis.

Male. Length 10 lines. Head and thorax black; the face densely clothed with pale golden pubescence; the labrum and mandibles highly polished, very smooth and shining; a thin pale pubescence is scattered over the head, pro- and mesothorax, the latter obscurely chalybeous above, shining, and finely and closely punctured, with an abbreviated, deeply impressed line in the middle anteriorly; the posterior margin of the prothorax covered with shining silvery pubescence; the metathorax opake, and clothed with black pubescence; wings fusco-hyaline, the anterior pair darkest towards their base, the nervures dark fusco-ferruginous, nearly black. Abdomen smooth, shining dark blue; beneath, the margins of the segments have a bright, glittering, pale-golden pile.

Gen. PELOPŒUS, Latr.

1. Pelopœus laboriosus. P. niger; scapo anticè, pedibus petioloque rufescenti-flavis, alis hyalinis fulvo tinctis.

Female. Length 12 lines. Black, with black pubescence on the head and thorax; the face with a fine cinereous pile; the scape yellow in front; the mandibles smooth and shining. Thorax: the legs pale ferruginous, the posterior femora darkest; the coxæ, the anterior and intermediate trochanters, and base of the femora black; wings fulvo-hyaline, the nervures ferruginous; the metathorax obliquely striated. Abdomen slightly shining at the base, with the petiole reddish-yellow.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Larrada, Smith.

1. Larrada modesta. L. nigra; abdomine pilis argentatis fasciato; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 6½ lines. Black; the face covered with silvery down; the mandibles smooth, shining, black, and fringed beneath with fulvous hairs, the cheeks silvery. Thorax slightly shining, closely and delicately punctured; the metathorax opake and transversely striated; wings subhyaline, with a fuscous border at their apex, the nervures black. Abdomen slightly shining; the apical margins of the first, second, and third segments with fascia of silvery pile, which is very brilliant in certain lights.

Male closely resembles the female, but has an additional fascia on the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Larra, Fabr.

1. Larra simillima. L. nigra, pulchre prismatica, maculis fasciisque variis flavis ornata.

Female. Length 6½ lines. Black; the abdomen with tints of blue violet; the thorax slightly prismatic; the labrum, clypeus, an angular scape above, an abbreviated line on the inner orbits of the eyes, the scape in front, and the antennæ beneath, yellow; the cheeks with a silvery reflexion. The thorax beneath, and the metathorax, with a shining white silvery pile; the anterior and intermediate femora and tibiæ beneath yellow; the tarsi pale ferruginous, and more or less fuscous above; wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous; a spot on the lateral posterior angles of the metathorax, two ovate spots on the scutellum, and a line on the postscutellum yellow. Abdomen: the basal segment with a broadly interrupted fascia a little before its apical margin; the second and fourth segments with a narrow yellow fascia at their apical margins, which is widened laterally; beneath, the second and third segments with a yellow spot on each side.

The Male differs from the female in having a large quadrate black spot on the clypeus, and a spot at the base of the labrum; there is also a narrow yellow line on the posterior margin of the prothorax; and the third segment of the abdomen has a yellow fascia: it is also rather smaller.

Hab. Aru.

This insect very closely resembles Larra prismatica, from Borneo, Malacca, and Celebes, of which it may be a variety.

Gen. Bembex, Fabr.

1. Bembex melancholieca, Smith, Cat. Hym. pt. iv. p. 328; Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 105.

Hab. Aru; Sumatra; Borneo.

Many of the specimens from Aru are less highly coloured than those of Sumatra or Borneo: the yellow markings on the abdomen are frequently much obliterated in the females; others are as highly coloured as any examples I have seen.

Gen. Pison, Spin.

1. Pison nitidus. P. nitidus, niger, distinctè punctatus; alis subhyalinis, venis fuscis; segmentis abdominalibus apice depressis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black and shining; the head and thorax strongly punctured; the face beneath, the antennæ, the clypeus, cheeks, and the sides of the segments of the abdomen covered with a silvery down; the palpi pale testaceous; the mandibles obscurely ferruginous at their apex. The metathorax transversely striated behind, with a central longitudinal impressed line above, which is transversely striated, and terminates in a deep fovea just beyond the verge of the posterior inclined truncation; the wings subhyaline; the nervures dark fuscous; the first recurrent nervure received at the apex of the first submarginal cell, and the second at the base of the third submarginal. Abdomen shining, and more delicately punctured than the thorax; the margins of the segments deeply depressed.

Hab. Aru, Key Island.

Gen. Gorytes, Latr.

1. Gorytes constrictus. G. niger; clypei lateribus flavis; collari, tuberculis postscutelloque flavis; segmentorum abdominis marginibus apicalibus flavis constrictis, pedibusque flavo variegatis.

Female. Length 6 lines. Black; the head and thorax very closely punctured and opake, the head slightly shining on the vertex; the antennæ beneath and the apical half of the mandibles ferruginous, the latter black at their tips; the clypeus yellow at the sides, and coarsely rugose in front. Thorax: the metathorax coarsely longitudinally rugose, with cinereous pubescence at the sides; the antennæ and intermediate tibiæ, the tarsi, and articulations of the legs reddish-yellow; wings subhyaline, with a fuscous cloud in the marginal cell, which passes beyond to the apex of the wings; the nervures fusco-ferruginous; the tegulæ ferruginous. Abdomen shining, covered with a thin, fine, cinereous pile, and with the margins of the segments constricted; the apical margins of the segments with narrow yellow fasciæ, that on the fourth abbreviated on each side, on the fifth it is obsolete; beneath, the second segment is opake, finely punctured, and pilose; the following segments smooth, shining, and with five scattered punctures.

The Male strongly resembles the female, but is smaller and less variegated with yellow; the face covered with silvery down; the scape and base of the flagellum ferruginous beneath; the clypeus yellow, except its extreme base. The thorax black, with the legs rufo-piceous; the tibiæ and tarsi pale ferruginous, variegated with yellow; the sides of the thorax beneath the wings longitudinally striated in both sexes, most conspicuously so in the male. The abdomen with three narrow interrupted fasciæ.

Hab. Aru.

2. Gorytes vagus. G. niger; clypeo maculis duabus flavis notato; postscutello et segmentis primo et secundo fasciâ apicali flavis, fasciâ in segmento primo subinterrupto.

Female. Length 6 lines. Black; the head finely punctured and shining; the anterior margin of the clypeus emarginate in the middle, and more deeply so on each side; on each side of the clypeus, at its base, is an oblique yellow spot, and anteriorly it is roughly punctured; the mandibles roughened at their base, their apical half smooth, shining, and ferruginous, with their apex black. Thorax subopake, very closely punctured, and slightly shining; the metathorax coarsely longitudinally rugose-striate; the postscutellum yellow; wings subhyaline and iridescent, the nervures fusco-ferruginous; a dark fuscous cloud occupies the marginal cell. Abdomen smooth and shining, with a slightly interrupted fascia a little before the apical margin of the basal segment; the second segment has a fascia at its apical margin; both are yellowish white; the first is gradually widened towards the sides of the segment, the second abruptly widened, with the angle of the widened portion pointed inwards; beneath the abdomen is glossy, with the basal segment closely punctured and subopake; the margins of abdominal segments slightly constricted.

Hab. Key Island.

Gen. Trypoxylon, Latr.

1. Trypoxylon eximium. T. nigrum; clypeo argentato-pubescente; abdominis segmentis secundo tertio quartoque basi rubris; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 8½ lines. Black, smooth, and shining; the head and thorax very delicately punctured; the face and clypeus below the insertion of the antennæ densely covered with silvery-white pubescence; the anterior margin of the clypeus rounded and much produced, with a slight curving upwards at its margin; the mandibles yellow, with their apex ferruginous; the palpi pale testaceous; the inner orbits of the eyes very deeply notched. Thorax: the metathorax, the sides, and beneath with a thin silvery-white pubescence, most dense on the former; the metathorax not distinctly enclosed at its base, but with two shallow impressed lines, which mark the form of the usual enclosed space; a central longitudinal channel extends from its base to the apex, slightly subinterrupted in the middle; the wings hyaline and iridescent, the nervures dark fuscous; the anterior and intermediate tibiæ in front, their tarsi, the apical joints of the posterior pair, and the base of the tibiæ very pale ferruginous; the claw-joint of the intermediate and posterior tarsi fuscous above; the calcaria pale testaceous. Abdomen, the second, third, and base of the fourth segment more or less ferruginous; the apex of the basal petiolated joint ferruginous beneath.

Hab. Aru and Key Island.

Gen. Crabro, Fabr.

1. Crabro solitarius. C. niger; abdomine petiolato; scapo flagellique articulo ultimo, collari, tuberculis, postscutelli maculis duabus flavis; pedibus petioloque basi ferrugineis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black and opake; the head large, quadrate, and wider than the thorax; the ocelli in a curve on the vertex; the clypeus covered with silvery pubescence, carinated in the middle, and slightly produced; the scape and basal joint of the flagellum pale yellow. Thorax: an interrupted line on the collar, the tubercles, a spot beneath the wings, and two minute ones on the postscutellum yellow; the disk of the thorax longitudinally delicately rugose; the metathorax oliquely striated, with an enclosed space at its base, and having a central longitudinal channel, the side covered with thin silvery pubescence; the wings hyaline and iridescent, the nervures fuscous; the legs ferruginous, variegated with yellow. Abdomen: the basal petiolated segment ferruginous, with its apical half black above; the apical segment with an angular shape at its base, which is smooth and shining, with its lateral margins carinate, the extreme apex ferruginous; beneath smooth and shining, with the apical margins rufo-piceous.

Hab. Aru.

This species would, according to the views of some Hymenopterists, belong to the genus Rhopalum of Kirby.

Group SOLITARY WASPS.

Fam. EUMENIDÆ, Westw.

Gen. Eumenes, Latr.

1. Eumenes arcuata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 287. 11.

Hab. Key Island; coast of New Guinea (Triton Bay); Australia.

Gen. Pachymenes, Sauss.

1. Pachymenes viridis. P. lætè viridis; facie pube argentato-albâ tectâ; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Bright green; the head, thorax, and basal segment of the abdomen rugose, the rest of the abdomen finely and very closely punctured; the clypeus thinly covered with a fine silvery-white pubescence, its apex produced and truncate. Thorax: the metathorax rounded behind, a deep longitudinal impressed line in the middle, and with fine silvery down at the sides and behind; the wings subhyaline, with a fuscous stain along the anterior margin of the superior pair; the legs rufo-piceous; the coxæ, femora, and tibiæ more or less tinged with green.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Rhynchium, Spin.

1. Rhynchium mirabile, Sauss. Mon. Guêpes Sol. 106. 6, t. 14. f. 5 ♀.

Hab. Aru; Tasmania.

The Male of this fine species closely resembles the female; it is black, with a transverse spot above the insertion of the antennæ, an abbreviated narrow line behind the eyes, another on the lower margin of their emargination; the scape in front and the clypeus yellow, the latter notched at its apex; a minute yellow spot at the base of the mandibles; the antennæ, tibiæ, apex of the femora, and the tarsi ferruginous; the basal joint of the intermediate and posterior tarsi dusky; the intermediate femora deeply excavated or hollowed beneath; the prothorax yellow above; the metathorax truncate, transversely striated with several minute teeth on the lateral margins; the wings hyaline, tinted with yellow, their apical margins slightly clouded; the apical margins of all the segments of the abdomen bordered with yellow, that on the first segment narrowest. The only particulars in which the female apparently differs from Saussure's description, is that the second fascia on the abdomen is widest at the sides, and there are three little teeth on each side of the margins of the metathorax.

The Female is also in the Paris Museum.

2. Rhynchium superbum, Sauss. Mon. Guêpes Sol. p. 113. 18.

Hab. Aru: New Holland.

Our example of this species slightly differs in coloration from the description of Saussure. He says, "black, with the vertex, the front, the prothorax, and the border of all the segments of the abdomen, except the first, yellow; the wings yellow;" in the Aru specimen, the sinus of the eyes, a spot above the clypeus, a reversed crescent-shaped spot crossing the ocelli, two oblique spots behind them, and a broad elongate stripe behind the eyes yellow. These slight differences cannot characterize more than a variety; in every other particular they exactly correspond.

Gen. Odynerus, Latr.

1. Odynerus petiolatus. O. niger; clypeo apiculato; capite, thorace abdomineque flavo variis; abdomine petiolato; alis subhyalinis.

Female. Length 7½ lines. Black; head and thorax strongly punctured; two confluent spots between the antennæ, a line on the inner orbits of the eyes, terminating in their emargination, an oblong spot behind them, a spot at the base of the mandibles, the scape in front, and the clypeus yellow; the latter with a large black spot in the middle, and with its anterior margin prolonged into an acute point; the mandibles ferruginous, with their base and margins black; the flagellum fulvous beneath. Thorax: an interrupted line on the collar, a spot beneath the wings, the outer margin of the tegulæ, two spots on the scutellum, two longitudinal curved lines on the metathorax, extending from the base to the apex, yellow; the yellow lines on the metathorax curving inwards. The tibiæ, tarsi, and apex of the femora ferruginous; the intermediate and posterior tibiæ with a fuscous line outside, a spot on the coxæ outside, a stripe at the apex of the anterior femora beneath, another on the intermediate pair, and a line on the anterior tibiæ, behind, yellow; wings subhyaline, their margins fuscous. Abdomen petiolated; a fascia on the apical margins of all the segments, and the petiole, yellow; the third and following fasciæ narrowest; all the fasciæ continued beneath the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

2. Odynerus agilis. O. niger; capite thoraceque distinctè, abdomine delicatulè punctatis; pedibus ferrugineis; abdominis segmentis duobus basalibus flavo fasciatis; alis subhyalinis.

Male. Length 6 lines. Black; the scape in front, a line on the inner margin of the eyes, terminating in their emargination, an abbreviated line behind them, and the clypeus yellow; the latter deeply emarginate, forming two teeth. Thorax: a line in the middle of the anterior margin of the prothorax, two spots on the verge of the emargination of the metathorax, and a fascia on the apical margins of the first and second segments of the abdomen yellow; the legs ferruginous; the wings subhyaline, the anterior margin of the superior pair fuscous; the outer margin of the tegulæ yellowish.

Hab. Aru.

3. Odynerus multipictus. O. niger, flavo maculatus et punctatus; pedibus flavis, alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 4 lines. Black; the head and thorax strongly punctured, the abdomen finely and distantly so; the clypeus, a spot above it, the inner and outer orbits of the eyes, and the scape in front yellow; the clypeus deeply emarginate in front; the mandibles ferruginous, with a yellow spot at their base. Thorax: the prothorax in front, the tegulæ and two spots beneath the wings, the scutellum, and sides of the metathorax yellow; the legs yellow, with ferruginous stains; the femora with a black or dark stain above; wings hyaline, with a fuscous stain along the anterior border of the superior pair. Abdomen: a yellow fascia on the apical margins of the two basal segments; the three following segments with very narrow yellow borders, and the apical segment entirely reddish-yellow.

Hab. Aru.

4. Odynerus modestus. O. niger; abdominis segmentis duobus basalibus flavo fasciatis; tibiis tarsisque femigineis; alis hyalinis; abdominis segmento primo basi transversim bicarinato.

Female. Length 4 lines. Black; head and thorax coarsely punctured; the vertex swollen; the scape of the antennæ, a spot between them, and the clypeus yellow; the latter with a transverse black spot in the middle, deeply notched in front, and having a carina on each side, in a line with the angle or tooth of the emargination; the flagellum ferruginous towards the apex beneath; wings hyaline, with a fuscous cloud in the marginal cell; the tibiæ and tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen: the base truncate, with an oblique space above the truncation, the margin of both defined by an elevated ridge or carina; a narrow fascia on the apical margin of the basal segment, and a broader one on the second; the latter continued beneath the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

This species is undoubtedly allied to O. Sichellii of Saussure; but, beside differing in the colour of its legs, and of the bands of the abdomen, it wants the strong tubercle at the base of the second segment of the latter.

Gen. Alastor, St.-Farg.

1. Alastor unifasciatus. A. niger; maculâ inter antennas, abdominisque margine apicali et segmento secundo flavis; alis fuscis.

Female. Length 6½ lines. Black; the head and thorax strongly punctured; the face, sides of the clypeus, cheeks, and base of the mandibles with a fine silky silvery-white pubescence; the clypeus convex, its anterior margin emarginate; from each angle of the emargination a shining carina runs more than halfway up the clypeus; a minute spot between the antennæ, and two on the anterior margin of the prothorax, yellow; the wings fuscous, palest at their posterior margins. Abdomen finely and closely punctured; the third segment strongly so; a broad yellow fascia on the apical margin of the second segment.

Hab. Aru.

2. Alastor apicatus. A. niger; abdominis segmentis primo et secundo aurantiaco-rubris; alis fuscis.

Male. Length 5½ lines. Black; the head and thorax strongly punctured; a spot between the antennæ, the scape in front, and the clypeus yellow; the latter with a large black spot at its base, anteriorly deeply emarginate; wings fuscous; the tegulæ with a rufo-testaceous spot at their outer margins; the tarsi and articulations of the legs ferruginous. Abdomen bright orange-red, with the third and following segments black; the base rugose, the second segment finely punctured, the rest much more strongly so.

Hab. Aru.

Group SOCIAL WASPS.

Fam. VESPIDÆ, Steph.

1. Ischnogaster iridipennis. I. rufescenti-fuscus flavo varius; vertice et metathorace nigris, alis subhyalinis et pulcherrimè iridescentibus.

Male. Length 7¼ lines. Head yellow, above the insertion of the antennæ black; antennæ black, with the scape, basal joint of the antennæ, and the mandibles ferruginous; the flagellum obscurely ferruginous beneath; the clypeus produced at the apex into an acute tooth. Thorax pale ferruginous; the metathorax black, with a ferruginous spot on each side in front; the scutellum with a reddish-brown spot in the middle, the postscutellum yellow and subinterrupted in the middle; the sides of the thorax yellow anteriorly, the yellow portion with two black spots; the legs slightly variegated with yellow; wings subhyaline and brilliantly iridescent, the marginal cell with a fuscous cloud. Abdomen brown; the petiole pale testaceous at its apex and ferruginous beneath, longer than the head and thorax; the second segment has a yellow macula on each side, and, beneath, a smaller spot on each side in a line with the side spots; the first segment has its basal portion yellow beneath, and a blackish spot in the centre rather behind the middle.

Hab. Aru.

This species in many particulars agrees with the I. nitidipennis of Saussure, but differs in too many, I think, to be considered the same species; the second recurrent nervure is straight at the upper extremity, then curved towards the margin of the wing, and again straight at its lower extremity; the third submarginal cell is much wider than the fourth.

Gen. Icaria, Sauss.

1. Icaria maculiventris, Sauss. Mon. Guêpes Soc. p. 23. 1.—Rhopalidia maculiventris, Guér. Voy. Coq. Zool. ii. pt. 2. Ins. p. 267, pl. 9. fig. 8.

Hab. Aru; New Guinea.

2. Icaria nigra. I. nigra; clypeo anticè angulato; metathorace concavo et transversim striato; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 6 lines. Black, punctured and opake; the clypeus terminating in a sharp-pointed angle; the base and apex of the mandibles rufo-piceous; the scape ferruginous in front; the face with a thin, fine, griseous pubescence. Thorax slightly margined in front; an obscure testaceous spot on each side of the postscutellum, the metathorax concave and transversely striated; wings hyaline. Abdomen with a short petiole to the basal segment, which is very short and campanulate; at its posterior margin are two minute, obscure, pale spots; beneath, the margins of the apical segments are rufo-piceous.

Hab. Aru.

3. Icaria fasciata. I. nigra; clypei margine antico, maculis duabus postscutelli flavis; segmentis abdominis ad apicem flavo angustè fasciatis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black; the clypeus angular in front, its anterior margin and a spot on the mandibles yellow; the antennæ rufo-testaceous beneath. Thorax: the anterior margin of the prothorax slightly rebordered; the anterior coxæ with a spot in front and two spots on the postscutellum yellow; the anterior and intermediate tibiæ beneath, the tarsi beneath and the claw-joint entirely, ferruginous; wings hyaline with a fuscous stain along the anterior margin of the superior pair; the metathorax oblique and slightly concave, with an acute stout tooth on each side. Abdomen: the basal segment campanulate, the petiole short; a narrow yellow fascia on the apical margin of all the segments.

Hab. Aru.

4. Icaria brunnea. I. rufescenti-fusca; coxis femoribusque obscuris; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 3½ lines. Reddish-brown; head and thorax punctured, the abdomen finely rugose; the clypeus and mandibles pale ferruginous, the former with a darker spot in the middle, the anterior margin angular. The anterior margin of the prothorax slightly rebordered; the wings hyaline and iridescent, with a fuscous stain along the anterior margin of the superior pair; the metathorax abruptly truncate. Abdomen: the basal margin of the third and following segments black.

Hab. Aru.

5. Icaria gracilis. I. nigra flavo variegata; abdominis segmento basali elongato, gracili et petiolato; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 7 lines. Black; the scape in front, the sides and apical margin of the clypeus, and a spot at the base of the mandibles yellow; the cheeks reddish-yellow; the antennæ ferruginous; the head covered with short griseous pubescence. Thorax with obscure ferruginous tints and a short griseous pubescence, most dense on the sides and beneath; the anterior margin of the prothorax, the tegulæ, scutellum and postscutellum, a broad stripe on each side of the metathorax, the coxæ, and the anterior and intermediate femora, at their apex beneath, yellow; the scutellum with a ferruginous stain in the middle, the postscutellum with a black stain, the coxæ ferruginous above, the tibiæ and tarsi ferruginous beneath; wings hyaline, with a fuscous stain along the anterior margin of the superior pair. Abdomen: a yellow fascia on the apical margin of the first and second segments; that on the following segments rufo-testaceous.

Hab. Aru.

6. Icaria unicolor. I. rufescenti-fusca, tenuiter cinereo-pubescens.

Female. Length 5 lines. Reddish-brown, covered with a thin cinereous pubescence; the clypeus acutely angular anteriorly; the metathorax oblique and delicately striated transversely; wings fusco-hyaline; the petiole of the abdomen long, the segment campanulated and narrow.

Hab. Key Island.

Gen. Polistes, Latr.

1. Polistes tepidus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 271. 7.

Hab. Aru; Key Island; Solomon Islands; New Guinea; Australia.

2. Polistes diabolicus, Sauss. Mon. Guêpes Soc. 68. 26, t. 6. f. 7.

Hab. Aru; Java; Timor.

3. Polistes stigma, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 261. 41.

Hab. Aru; Celebes; Ceram; India.

Var. The specimens from Aru differ from the typical ones in wanting the two longitudinal yellow lines on the metathorax, which is entirely black. Saussure has a variety with the metathorax black between the lines; of two examples from Celebes, one has the yellow lines entire, the other has them abbreviated at half their length.

4. Polistes nigrifrons. P. capite thoraceque nigris, flavo et ferrugineo variegatis; abdomine ferrugineo, segmentis basi nigris, marginibus apicalibus flavis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Head and thorax black; the anterior margin of the clypeus angular and narrowly rufo-testaceous; the mandibles, palpi, and antennæ ferruginous; the scape, and flagellum above, except the basal joint, fuscous; the outer orbits of the eyes with a narrow yellow line. The anterior margin of the prothorax slightly rebordered, the posterior margin ferruginous; the outer margin of the tegulæ reddish-yellow; wings subhyaline with a fusco-ferruginous stain along the anterior margins of the superior pair; the metathorax finely striated transversely, and with two yellow stripes running upwards halfway from the base, the posterior margin of the pectus, tips of the coxæ, the femora at their base and apex, the tibiæ and tarsi beneath, ferruginous; tips of the femora, and tibiæ above, yellowish. Abdomen ferruginous, with the base of the second and following segments black; the first and three following segments with a yellow fascia on their apical margins; beneath, the two basal segments entirely ferruginous.

Hab. Aru.

This species is closely allied to the P. fastidiosus of Saussure, and, notwithstanding the difference in colouring, may possibly, I think, be an extreme variety of that species.

5. Polistes elegans. P. ferrugineus; capite thoraceque flavo variis; segmentis abdominis flavo marginatis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Ferruginous; the clypeus, mandibles, cheeks, and the face, as high as the middle of the emargination of the eyes, yellow. Thorax: the margins of the prothorax, two longitudinal stripes on the mesothorax, the scutellum, postscutellum, and sides of the metathorax broadly, yellow; the legs beneath, the coxæ and the sides of the thorax spotted with yellow; the intermediate and posterior coxæ spotted with ferruginous or fusco-ferruginous; the metathorax finely striated transversely; the wings hyaline with the nervures ferruginous. Abdomen: the first and three following segments with yellow marginal fasciæ, that on the fourth usually more or less obliterated.

Hab. Aru; Key Island.

Fam. EVANIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Fœnus, Fabr.

1. Fœnus gracilis. F. niger, facie lateribusque thoracis argenteo pilosis; pedibus anticis et intermediis pallidè rufo-testaceis, tibiis posticis basi tarsisque albis; abdomine subtùs rufo-testaceo.

Female. Length 6 lines. Black; subopake; the face, sides of the thorax and beneath with silvery pubescence; the mandibles, palpi, and scape in front rufo-testaceous. Thorax: the anterior and intermediate legs rufo-testaceous, the femora having a darker stain above; the posterior legs black, with the base of the tibiæ and the tarsi white. Abdomen rufo-testaceous beneath; the ovipositor white at its apex.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Stenophasmus.

Head globose; antennæ longer than the body, and very slender and setaceous; the prothorax forming a slender neck; the anterior wings with one marginal and three submarginal cells; the femora slightly incrassate, not denticulate; the tarsi 5-jointed. Abdomen petiolated, the petiole as long as the abdomen; the ovipositor as long as the petiole and abdomen united.

This genus is founded on the examination of a single individual, which in general appearance exactly resembles the smaller species of the genus Megischus; on examination, however, it will be found that it differs from that genus in the neuration of the anterior wings; its femora are not denticulate, in which character it differs from both Megischus and Stephanus; with the latter genus it agrees in having 5-jointed tarsi.

1. Stenophasmus ruficeps. S. niger; capite et antennarum basi rufis; ovipositore tarsisque pallidè testaceis; petiolo abdominis cylindrico; alis subhyalinis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black, slightly shining; head globose, red and sprinkled with white hairs, and delicately striated transversely. Thorax sprinkled with white pubescence above, the sides more thickly clothed with the same; above, the thorax is transversely rugose, on the metathorax becoming more regularly striate; the metathorax has a central longitudinal carina and also one on each side; the legs sprinkled with erect white hairs; the tarsi pale rufo-testaceous with the claw-joint black; wings subhyaline, with a broad light-fuscous stain along the centre of the anterior pair; a hyaline streak crosses them at the base of the stigma. Abdomen: the petiole as long as the thorax, narrowest at the base of the abdomen; it is rugose at the base; the ovipositor pale testaceous.

Hab. Aru.

Fam. ICHNEUMONIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Ichneumon.

1. Ichneumon insularis. I. niger; capite thoraceque albo variegatis; abdominis segmentorum primo, secundo tertioque albo maculatis.

Length 7½ lines. Black; the orbits of the eyes, the face before the antennæ, the mandibles and palpi yellowish-white; the flagellum with the joints from the 14th to 25th white. Thorax: a line on each side before the tegulæ, a spot beneath the wings, two at the sides of the pectus, the anterior coxæ in front, and a narrow line on each side of the scutellum yellowish-white; the anterior and intermediate legs and a spot beneath the posterior tibiæ rufo-testaceous; the wings hyaline, the nervures black. Abdomen: a minute spot at the lateral apical margins of the three basal segments, and a large central one on the two apical segments, white.

Hab. Key Island.

Gen. Cryptus, Fabr.

1. Cryptus scutellatus. C. ferrugineus; tibiis posticis tarsisque albo annulatis; scutello tuberculato.

Female. Length 5 lines. Ferruginous; the face testaceous-yellow, an elongate black spot on the vertex enclosing the ocelli and extending to the insertion of the antennæ; the latter black, with the scape ferruginous in front. Thorax: the scutellum elevated, forming a compressed tubercle, its side view wedge-shaped; the wings hyaline the nervures black, the base of the wings yellowish; the apical joints of the intermediate tarsi, the tips of the posterior femora, the extreme base of the tibiæ, their apical half, and the tarsi black; the intermediate portion of the tibiæ yellow; the apical segment of the abdomen black.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Mesostenus, Grav.

1. Mesostenus pictus. M. niger; capite thoraceque flavo striatis et punctatis; pedibus flavis nigro et ferrugineo lavatis; segmentis abdominalibus flavo marginatis; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 8 lines. Black; a large ovate spot on the cheeks touching the mandibles, the labrum, palpi, inner orbits of the eyes, and from the 7th to the 10th joints of the antennæ yellowish-white. Thorax: an ovate spot in the middle of the disk of the mesothorax, the tegulæ, a spot beneath them, two larger spots beneath the wings, the scutellum, a spot on the postscutellum uniting with another at the base of the metathorax, a trilobed spot at its apex, and a subovate one on each side yellowish-white; the coxæ white with black stains on the intermediate and posterior pairs; the femora white beneath, the anterior and intermediate pairs with a black line above, the posterior pair ferruginous above; the tibiæ and tarsi whitish beneath, stained more or less fusco-ferruginous above; wings hyaline. Abdomen: all the segments with yellowish-white fasciæ on their apical margins, the fasciæ continued beneath; the ovipositor about the length of the abdomen, the valves broadest at their apex.

Hab. Aru.

2. Mesostenus agilis. M. niger; antennis medio albis; thorace pedibusque albo variegatis; abdominis marginibus fasciis albis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black; the joints of the antennæ, from the 6th to 13th, white, the vertex also white. Thorax: a spot in the middle of the disk of the mesothorax, the scutellum, a spot on the postscutellum, two beneath the wings, the apex of the metathorax, and a spot on each side white; the legs white, the anterior pair slightly fuscous above; the intermediate femora and tibiæ beneath, and the tarsi above, black; the posterior femora above and beneath the tibiæ, except their extreme base and the base and apex of the tarsi, black; wings hyaline, the nervures black. Abdomen: the apical margins of the segments, excepting the fourth and fifth, with white fasciæ, the second and third fasciæ attenuated in the middle.

Hab. Aru.

3. Mesostenus albopictus. M. niger, albo varius; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 7 lines. Black; the clypeus, mandibles, palpi, the joints of the antennæ from the sixth to the thirteenth, and a broad stripe at the inner orbits of the eyes white. Thorax: an ovate spot on each side of the prothorax above, a similar spot in the middle of the mesothorax, the tegulæ, scutellum and postscutellum, a T-shaped spot reversed on the metathorax, a large quadrate one on its sides, three irregular-shaped maculæ beneath the wings, and the anterior and intermediate legs white, the legs with a black line above; the posterior legs have a large spot on the coxæ behind, the trochanters, the tibiæ, and tarsi white, the tibiæ black at their apex, and the femora palish at their base outside; the wings hyaline and iridescent, with the nervures black. The abdomen beneath, and the apical margins of the segments above, white.

Male. Rather smaller than the female, but only differs otherwise in the colour of the legs, the anterior and intermediate pairs being entirely yellowish-white, excepting the intermediate tibiæ and tarsi, which are slightly fuscous above; the posterior femora are ferruginous, the tibiæ and tarsi white, with the base and apex of the two former black as well as the apical joint of the tarsi.

Hab. Key Island.

Gen. Pimpla, Fabr.

1. Pimpla ochracea. P. ochracea; antennis ferrugineis; facie luteâ; alis hyalinis, apice fuscis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Entirely ochraceous, with the face and scape in front yellow; the body beneath is pale ochraceous; the antennæ ferruginous, above dusky; the eyes emarginate within; the tarsi have the tips of the claws black; the wings flavo-hyaline, with the apex of the anterior pair fuscous, the nervures black, becoming yellow at the base of the wings. The head, thorax, legs and base of the abdomen smooth and shining; the abdomen, except at the base, finely punctured; a transverse impressed row of punctures a little before the apical margin of each segment, and the space between impunctate.

Hab. Aru.

2. Pimpla braconoides. P. rufo-flava; antennis tarsisque et abdominis dimidio posteriori nigris; alis fuscis, dimidio basali flavis.

Female. Length 6 lines. Ferruginous; the posterior tarsi and the fourth and following segments of the abdomen black; the head is reddish yellow, the eyes brown; the scape and two or three of the basal joints of the flagellum ferruginous, the rest fuscous; the basal half of the wings flavo-hyaline, the apical half fuscous; the stigma yellow, with a subhyaline macula beneath, and two other similar irregular-shaped spots. The abdomen with two longitudinal carinæ on the basal segment, and a transverse curved impressed line on the other segments.

Hab. Key Island.

This species might at first sight be mistaken for a species of the genus Bracon. The male only differs from the female in having the abdomen black, with only the basal segment yellow; the wings are only very slightly yellow at their base; it is also rather smaller.

3. Pimpla penetrans. P. flavo-ferruginea; flagello fusco; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fuscis.

Female. Length 4¼ lines. Reddish yellow, smooth, and shining; the face testaceous, with slight fuscous stains; the scape and two or three of the basal joints of the flagellum yellow in front; the wings hyaline, with a yellowish tinge; the nervures black, except the costal nervure, which is ferruginous towards the base, the apex of the wings slightly clouded; the posterior tibiæ fuscous above. Abdomen: the segments with slightly impressed oblique depressions, the ovipositor shorter than the abdomen, and black.

The Male only differs in having the abdomen rather more slender.

Hab. Aru.

4. Pimpla ferruginea. P. flavo-ferruginea; antennis supra fuscis; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 5½ lines. Ferruginous, with the head and thorax beneath yellow-testaceous; the coxæ also are of the same colour; the flagellum slightly fuscous above; the wings flavo-hyaline, the nervures black; the two basal segments of the abdomen shining, the third and the following segments subopake; the ovipositor as long as the abdomen.

Hab. Key Island.

5. Pimpla plagiata. P. flavo-rufa; antennis strigisque tribus mesothoracis nigris; alis hyalinis, apice cellulæ marginalis fusco unimaculato.

Female. Length 5½ lines. Yellow, the legs with ferruginous stains; the antennæ black, with the scape yellow in front; the head with a large ovate black spot behind the ocelli. Thorax finely punctured on the disk of metathorax, which has three longitudinal broad black stripes, a narrow black line on the posterior margin of both the scutellum and postscutellum; wings hyaline, the nervures black, with a dark fuscous spot at the apex of the marginal cell. Abdomen reddish-yellow, with the apical margins of the segments yellow; the ovipositor black, and shorter than the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Rhyssa, Grav.

1. Rhyssa maculipennis. R. rufescenti-flava; antennis et vertice nigris; alis hyalinis, plaga nigro-fusca.

Male. Length 9 lines. Ferruginous; the head of a yellow testaceous, with the vertex and antennæ black; the scape ferruginous in front; the mandibles black. Thorax: the mesothorax and scutellum transversely rugose, the former with two deeply impressed lines in front, which converge inwards, and meet in the middle of the disk; wings hyaline, with a yellow tinge on the anterior pair, the nervures black; a black stripe crosses the middle of the marginal cell, and terminates at the inferior margin of the discoidal cell; the legs ferruginous, with the posterior tarsi black. Abdomen smooth, shining, ferruginous.

Hab. Aru.

2. Rhyssa vestigator. R. ferruginea; antennis, mesothorace, metathoracisque basi nigris; abdomine lineari, nitido et lævi; alis hyalinis, apice subfuscato.

Male. Length 9 lines. Head testaceous-yellow, with the vertex ferruginous; the antennæ fusco-ferruginous. Thorax black, with the prothorax, a large oblique spot beneath the wings, the scutellum, and metathorax yellow, the base of the latter black; the mesothorax and scutellum rugose; the metathorax smooth and shining; the legs ferruginous, with the anterior coxæ in front and the posterior pair behind yellow; the posterior coxæ black beneath; wings hyaline, faintly clouded at their apical margins. Abdomen elongate, linear, glossy, smooth, and shining, ferruginous, with the base and lateral margins blackish.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Bracon, Fabr.

1. Bracon basalis. B. capite, thorace, pedibus anticis et intermediis, femoribus posticis ferrugineis; tibiis tarsisque et abdomine nigris, segmento basali flavo; alis fusco-hyalinis.

Female. Length 4¼ lines. The head, scape in front, thorax, anterior and intermediate legs, the posterior coxæ, trochanters, and femora, and the first segment of the abdomen, and a semicircular spot in the middle of the base of the second, yellow-ferruginous; the antennæ, the posterior tibiæ and tarsi, fuscous; abdomen shining black; the thorax smooth and shining; the wings fusco-hyaline. The basal segment of the abdomen with a longitudinal impressed line on each side, the second segment with an oblique depression, the third with an impressed line, curved forwards and extending to the lateral margins; the base of the segment has a row of short, deeply impressed striæ; the ovipositor shorter than the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

2. Bracon albo-marginatus. B. capite, thorace pedibusque ferrugineis; abdomine nigris annulis albo-marginatis; alis fusco-hyalinis.

Female. Length 4½ lines. Head, thorax, and legs ferruginous, smooth, and shining; antennæ and abdomen black, the latter smooth and shining, the posterior margins of the third and following segments with a narrow bluish-white fascia; the posterior tarsi slightly fuscous; the wings fusco-hyaline; the ovipositor a little longer than the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

3. Bracon nigripennis. B. thorace, pedibus anticis et intermediis, femoribusque posticis ferrugineis; tibiis tarsisque posticis et abdomine nigris; alis nigro-fuscis; capite luteo-testaceo.

Female. Length 9 lines. Head testaceous, the antennæ black. Thorax, anterior and intermediate legs, the posterior coxæ, trochanters and femora, the tegulæ, extreme base of the wings, and the base of the stigma ferruginous; the thorax smooth and shining; the wings brown-black, with a small hyaline spot in the first submarginal cell. Abdomen longitudinally aciculate, a central carina at the base of the first segment, the second segment with an oblique impressed line running from the lateral angles of its basal margin, and meeting in the centre of its posterior margin; the margins of all the segments constricted; the ovipositor shorter than the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

4. Bracon exoletus. B. niger; capite, thorace, pedibus anterioribus et intermediis ferrugineis; alis subhyalinis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Head, scape of the antennæ, thorax, anterior and intermediate legs, ferruginous; flagellum and tips of the mandibles black. Thorax smooth and shining; wings fusco-hyaline, the nervures dark brown; the posterior legs fusco-ferruginous. Abdomen rugose and subopake; the basal segment black in the middle, with the base and lateral margins ferruginous, the sides deeply channeled; the second segment with an arrow-headed shining space in the middle of its base; the ovipositor shorter than the abdomen.

Hab. Aru.

5. Bracon abdominalis. B. rufo-flavus; antennis fuscis; alis subhyalinis; abdomine ovato.

Female. Length 3 lines. Reddish yellow; head and thorax smooth and shining; the head narrower than the thorax; wings fusco-hyaline; abdomen ovate, broader than the thorax, the first and second segments rugose, with deep sculptured impressions; the second segment has an ovate shining space in the middle at its basal margin; the third segment is deeply depressed and sculptured at the base, leaving a transverse arched space at its apex, the width of the entire segment; the following segments have their margins very deeply depressed.

Hab. Aru.

6. Bracon nitidus. B. niger; capite, thorace pedibusque et abdominis segmento primo ferrugineis, totis nitidissimis.

Female. Length 4 lines. Ferruginous, with the flagellum, second and following segments shining black; the thorax smooth and shining, with the scutellum prominent; the wings subhyaline, their apical margins clouded, their extreme base yellowish, the nervures dark brown, the stigma black. Abdomen: the second and third segments with deeply impressed oblique lines on each side, and the basal margins of the following segments depressed.

Hab. Aru.

7. Bracon pallifrons. B. niger; thorace pedibusque anticis et intermediis ferrugineis; alis fuscis.

Female. Length 6 lines. Head obscure, testaceous yellow; the eyes brown; the antennæ black. Thorax and the anterior and intermediate legs ferruginous; an ovate black spot on the metathorax; and the posterior legs black, with the articulations obscurely ferruginous; wings dark fuscous, with the nervures and stigma black, the base of the latter yellowish, and a hyaline streak beneath it, which crosses the first submarginal cell. Abdomen black and shining; the first segment with some coarse striae at the apex; the second with a central forked carina and an oblique one on each side running inwards to the apex of the segment; between the carinæ are a number of deep grooves; the lateral margins of the three basal segments carinated; the third segment has a row of short deep striæ at its base; the ovipositor longer than the body.

Hab. Aru.

8. Bracon intrudens. B. niger; thorace, pedibus anticis intermediisque et abdominis segmento basali ferrugineis; alis hyalinis.

Female. Length 5 lines. Black; the thorax, anterior and intermediate legs, the articulations of the posterior pair, and the base of the abdomen ferruginous, entirely smooth and shining; the wings subhyaline, the nervures fusco-ferruginous, an irregular fuscous stain at the base of the first submarginal cell, extending beyond it. Abdomen: the basal segment margined at the sides; the second segment with an oblique deeply impressed line running inwards, not quite meeting or extending to the apical margin.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Agathis, Latr.

1. Agathis fumipennis. A. ferruginea; capite, abdominis apice tarsisque posticis nigris; alis obscurè fuscis.

Female. Length 4 lines. Reddish-yellow; the head, apical joint of the intermediate tarsi, the apex of the posterior tibiæ, and the third and following segments of the abdomen black; the thorax and legs with a thin, short, pale fulvous pubescence; the head and abdomen smooth and shining; the head produced before the eyes into a kind of beak, rufo-piceous anteriorly. Thorax narrowed before the wings, which are dark fuscous, with a hyaline irregular mark below the stigma, crossing the submarginal cell; the anterior margin of the anterior wings pubescent; the metathorax broad, margined laterally, with a central forked carina, and a crooked one on each side; the posterior legs incrassate. Abdomen with the sides of the upper surface carinated.

Hab. Aru.

Fam. CHRYSIDIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Stilbum, Spin.

1. Stilbum splendidum, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 170. 1.

Hab. Aru; Senegal; Java; Bengal.

2. Stilbum amethystinum, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 176. 32.

Hab. Aru; Australia.

Fabricius includes this insect in the genus Chrysis; the typical specimen, however, proves that it belongs to the more modern genus Stilbum: it is very distinct from S. splendidum, being much more strongly and coarsely punctured; and the teeth which arm the apical segment are differently disposed on the margin.

Fam. TENTHREDINIDÆ, Leach.

Gen. Oryssus, Fabr.

1. Oryssus maculipennis. O. niger, punctatus; pedibus ferrugineis; alis fuscis fasciâ hyalinâ ante cellulam marginalem sitâ.

Female. Length 5½ lines. Black; the head rugose, the front coarsely so, with a row of transverse tubercles running from the vertex along the inner orbits of the eyes, and crossing the front at half their length; the cheeks with a cinereous down, and a line of silvery-white pubescence or down, along the outer orbits of the eyes. Thorax coarsely punctured; the mesothorax with a central longitudinal smooth elevation; wings fuscous, with a broad transverse hyaline fascia before the base of the marginal cell, the tips of the wings hyaline; the legs ferruginous, with the coxæ and trochanters black; the posterior tibiæ with a double row of serrations outside. Abdomen shining and closely punctured; the base and apex coarsely so.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Xyphidria, Latr.

1. Xyphidria rufipes. X. nigra; mandibulis, antennarum scapo, pedibusque ferrugineis; alis hyalinis et iridescentibus.

Female. Length 4 lines. Black and shining; the vertex highly polished; the front from the posterior ocelli forwards closely punctured and opake; the mandibles, scape, and basal joint of the flagellum ferruginous. The thorax anteriorly punctured and opake, posteriorly shining, and with a few punctures at the base of the scutellum; wings hyaline and iridescent, the nervures black, the extreme base of the wings and the tegulæ pale testaceous; the legs pale ferruginous, with the claws of the tarsi darker. Abdomen: the base of the segments depressed and very delicately and closely punctured, subopake; the apical half highly polished and shining; beneath obscurely rufo-piceous.

Hab. Aru.

Gen. Tremex, Jurine.

1. Tremex insignis. T. nigro-purpureus; abdominis fasciis basalibus albis; alis nigris cupreo nitentibus.

Female. Length 11 lines. Obscure steel-blue, with shades of green, purple and violet; the head and thorax punctured; the prothorax with an oblique smooth shining space on each side; the wings very dark brown, with a brilliant coppery effulgence. The base of the abdomen opake, velvety, purple-black; the first segment with a transverse cream-coloured fascia in the middle, the second very slightly whitish at its base; the rest of the abdomen is highly polished, and has a scattered, short, black pubescence.

Hab. Aru.

---

Note on Two Insect-products from Persia. By Daniel Hanbury, Esq., F.L.S.

[Read December 16th, 1858.]

In the month of June last, my friend Professor Guibourt, of Paris, laid before the Académie des Sciences[G] some account of a remarkable substance called Tréhala, the cocoon of a Curculionidous insect found in Persia, where, as well as in other parts of the East, it enjoys some celebrity as the basis of a mucilaginous drink administered to the sick.

Specimens of this substance, as well as of another insect-product of Persia, together with the insects themselves, were presented a few years ago to the British Museum by W. K. Loftus, Esq., who obtained them while engaged by the British Government on the question of the Turco-Persian boundaries.

The precise determination of the species of these insects being a matter of doubt, they have at my request been lately examined by M. Jekel, of Paris, an entomologist with whom the family of Curculionidæ has long been an especial study. One of these insects M. Jekel has identified with a species of wide distribution; the other proving undescribed, he has drawn up a description of it, which, accompanied by a figure, I have the honour to lay before the Linnean Society. To this, I venture to add a few observations upon the productions to which I have alluded.

The first of these is Tréhala or Tricala, under which name it formed part of the Collection of Materia Medica sent by M. Della Sudda, of Constantinople, to the Paris Exhibition of 1855, and since deposited in the Ecole de Pharmacie in Paris.

Tréhala (fig. 2) consists of cocoons of an ovoid or globular form, about ¾ of an inch in length; their inner surface is composed of a smooth, hard, dusky layer, external to which is a thick, rough, tuberculated coating of a greyish-white colour and earthy appearance. Some of the cocoons have attached to them the remains of the tomentose stalk of the plant upon which they were formed; others have portions of a tomentose spiny leaf built into them; and, more rarely, one finds portions of the flowering heads of the plant, a species of Echinops, similarly enclosed. Many of the cocoons are open at one end and empty; others have a longitudinal aperture, originally closed by the stalk of the plant, and still contain the insect; a few are entirely closed. Specimens of this insect, extracted from the cocoons sent to Paris, were examined in 1856 by my friend Mr. W. Wilson Saunders, who pronounced them to be Larinus maculatus of Faldermann,—a determination also arrived at by M. Jekel from specimens presented by Mr. Loftus to the British Museum. Respecting these latter, one of which is represented in fig. 1, M. Jekel makes the following remarks:—

"Larinus maculatus, Faldermann, Faun. Transcauc. ii. p. 228, 449, tab. 6. f. 10, et iii. p. 198.—Schönh. Gen. et Sp. Curcul. iii. p. 112 et vii. 2. p. 7.—Hochhuth, Bull. Moscou, 1847, No. 2. p. 538 (var. γ).

"Var. γ. Larin. Onopordinis, Sch. loc. cit. iii. p. 111 (excl. synon.).

"Of this species, Mr. Loftus captured several specimens, all of small size: from some of them the pollinosity had been rubbed off, as is represented in the figure by Mr. Ford (vide fig. 1), which shows only a part of the inferior layer of tomentum and the greyish ground of the dorsal and lateral maculæ; the latter, being the most densely coloured in fresh specimens, are always the most persistent. These belong to Schönherr's var. γ, which that author formerly regarded as the Larinus Onopordinis, Fabr. Others of Mr. Loftus's specimens, which are very fresh, belong to var. β; none to the typical variety, which is often larger in size.

"This species has a very extended habitat: I have received it from European Turkey (Frivaldski), Beyrouth, Caucasus, Persia (Dupont), &c. &c.; and it is recorded by Schönherr as also found in Barbary and Portugal.

"This is the insect which proceeds from the rough chalky-looking nidus figured by Mr. Ford. (Vide fig. 2.)"

The entomological question being so far disposed of, I may be permitted a few remarks upon the properties which have obtained for Tréhala a place among drugs and dietetic substances.

The first author who gives any account of the substance is Father Ange, who, in his 'Pharmacopœa Persica[H],' describes it in the following terms:—"Est autem istud medicamentum veluti tragea ex nucleo pistacii integro confecta; nam revera saccharum istud exterius corrugatum et agglomeratum adhæret cuidam nucleo, in quo non fructus, sed vermiculus quidam nigricans Persice C-hezoukek bombycis instar reconditur et moritur."

Father Ange also states that the substance is called in Persian Schakar tigal

, literally Sugar of nests; but his Arabic names, Schakar el ma-ascher

and Saccar el aschaar, apply to an entirely different substance, namely to a saccharine matter exuded, after the punctures of an insect, from the stems of Calotropis procera, R. Br.[I], of which plant he gives a quaint but tolerably characteristic description.

Mr. Loftus, who obtained the specimens which he presented to the British Museum, at Kirrind in Persia, in September, 1851, gives as the Persian name of the cocoons Shek roukeh—a term, probably, the same as the "C-hezoukek" (a misprint?) of Father Ange, but the signification of which I have not been able to discover.

Another notice of the same substance, with a figure, is briefly given in Dr. Honigberger's 'Thirty-five Years in the East' (Lond. 1852, vol. ii. pp. 305-6), where we read that Manna teeghul or Shukure teeghal, which are certain insect-nests of a hard texture, rough on the outside, smooth within, about half an inch in length, and of a whitish colour, are imported into Lahore from Hindostan.

M. Bourlier published in 1857 an interesting note on the same substance[J], which has been followed by M. Guibourt's communication to the Académie des Sciences, and still later by a memoir on the chemical history of Tréhala, by M. Marcellin Berthelot, also presented to the Academy[K].

From the investigations of M. Guibourt, it appears that the cocoons are composed of a large proportion of starch (identical with that found in the stem of the Echinops, upon which the insect forms its nest), of gum, a peculiar saccharine matter, a bitter principle, besides earthy and alkaline salts.

The saccharine principle, which has been especially examined by M. Berthelot, and named by him Tréhalose, is a body analogous to cane-sugar, but possessing distinctive properties, which separate it from that and all other varieties of sugar.

M. Bourlier states that Tréhala, which is abundant in the shops of the Jew drug-dealers of Constantinople, is frequently used by the Arab and Turkish physicians in the form of a decoction, which is regarded by them as of peculiar efficacy in diseases of the respiratory organs.

The second insect-product to which I would draw attention, is a saccharine substance resembling dark honey. Mr. Loftus, who obtained it near Kirrind, 13th July, 1851, and whose specimen is in the British Museum, states that it is exuded from a species of thistle when pierced by a Rhynchophorous insect; but he fails to inform us for what purposes it is used by the inhabitants.

Mr. Loftus having also presented the Museum with excellent specimens both of the plant and insect, I am able to state that the former is Echinops persicus, Fisch., and the latter a new species of Larinus, to which M. Jekel has applied the name Larinus mellificus, and of which he has drawn up the following description:—

"Larinus mellificus, Jekel (fig. 3). Breviter ovatus, convexus, niger, nitidus; infra subtiliter, lateribus thoracis margineque elytrorum intus medio versus angulariter ampliata, apicem occupante griseo-cinerascenti tomentosis; rostro leviter punctato, basi utrinque bicanaliculato cum elevatione media lata subcariniformi; thorace subconico antice tubulato, supra confertim sat rude punctato, lateribus subrugoso; elytris striato-punctatis, interstitiis latis, planis, transversim subtilissime rugulosis, cum abdomine tenuissime alutaceis, punctis majoribus remotioribus impressis; pectore, lateribus, pedibusque rugoso-punctatis, femoribus infra fortiter oblique costato-rugosis; tibiis intus, anticis fortius crenulatis. Long. (rostr. excl.) 16-18, lat. elytr. 8-9 mill.

"Patria—Persia, prope Kirrind, ubi Echinopsidis speciem frequentat, cujus plantæ caules ab hoc insecto puncti materiam quamdam saccharinam sudant." W. K. Loftus, Mus. Brit.

Fig. 1. Larinus maculatus, Falderm.

Fig. 2. The cocoons of Larinus maculatus, called in Turkish Tréhala.

Fig. 3. Larinus mellificus, Jekel.

Very similar to L. Onopordinis, but proportionably more elongate and less convex; rostrum and thorax longer; pilosity of the body underneath much thinner and shorter; thighs thicker, more clavate, the anterior evidently costate-rugose underneath; without whitish marks on the elytra, and without that layer of light-brown earth-like pollinose transudation which is often wanting in rubbed specimens of Larinus Onopordinis. The freshest specimens have the griseous margin of the elytra, which parts from the base under the shoulder, obliquely and angularly ampliate interiorly towards the middle, where it reaches the second stria. This griseous pilosity fills all the tips of the elytra, leaving bare only the sutures, an angular notch behind the middle (which forms with that apical part of the suture a kind of hook on each elytron), and two round spots, one submarginal fronting the tip of the notch, the other larger, discoidal, behind the foot of the notch, much above the tip.