MUREX.
The definition of this genus ran as follows:—
Testa subovata, spinosa. Apertura coarctata, ovata, desinens in canalem tubuloso-conniventem.
This was evidently designed for the Murices proper. The other species of the 'Museum' were distributed in the groups of Cassis, Turricula, Bulla, and Strombus. The last was defined as follows; "Testa obverse conica, nodosa, labium exterius angulum transversalem superne formans; interius nullum. Columella incurva. Cauda integra."
M. haustellum. M. caudatus, subinermis, nodosus.
"Suturis" was originally "costis". The printed emendations are "gibbis, adglutinatis", "costati et nodosi", "subtus rima longitudinali clausa", "margine", and the final remark.
M. tribulus. M. caudatus spinis subulatis trifariis.
"Olear. Mus. t. 39. f. 1" was cited in the transcript, to which Linnæus had added "Bonan. 269" and "List. t. 902. f. 22", all which synonyms are present in the 'Systema.' The printed additions are "suturis 3 longitudinalibus, adglutinatis, incrassatis", "secundum suturas: superficies transversim striis elevatis distinctis", "recta".
M. cornutus. M. caudatus, spinis subulatis serie gemina.
The s. in the reference to Rumphius was a misprint for the written 5: "Pet. Gaz. t. 68. f. 12" (as in the 'Systema') was present in the copy. The expressions "striata", "conicæ", "obliquo situ", and the final remark, are the printed additions.
M. trunculus. M. subcaudatus, spinis simplici serie.
The description of the tail and account of the variety were not originally present: "suturis" was, at first, "plicis", and "adglutinatis" was "antrorsum adnatis".
M. ramosus. M. dædaleus triangularis, spira longitudine ventris.
Had the original manuscript been printed, the multitude of species confused under this appellation would have been somewhat lessened. For the cited figures of M. inflatus (Rumph. t. 26. f. A. and Gault. t. 38. f. A), with that of another short-spired Murex (Arg. t. 19. f. C), were separated from the rest, and quoted for a M. unguis-odor, the brief definition of which was "M. dædalens triangularis, spira ventre breviore."
The published details, and the drawings of the longer-spired and more slender-bodied Murices (Rumph. t. 26. f. l; d'Arg. t. 19. f. E, H.), appeared as M. lichenoides.
I consider, then, that in that event the M. adustus (Arg. t. 19. f. H.), which would tolerably suit the definition, would have been considered the typical form, and M. axicornis (Rumph. t. 26. f. l, and d'Arg. t. 19. f. E.), the variety γ.
M. scorpio. M. dædaleus quadrangularis, spira subcapitata.
The ill-judged final remark was not in the copy.
M. saxatilis. M. dædaleus quinquangularis, spira contigua.
The idea of this being a mere variety was not expressed in the original.
M. rana. M. angulatus subdepressus, costis lateralibus.
The R. of d'Argenville was properly referred to the variety B. The "alba", "sulcis transversis", and "Dorsum anfractum simplici cingulo aculeato" were not in the copy.
M. lampas. M. angulatus tuberculis nodosis, cauda flexuosa, labio interiore lævi.
The earlier reading of "una alterave ruga" was "uno alterove denticulo."
M. femorale. M. angulato-triqueter: angulis antrorsum acuminatis.
The intended name was M. triqueter. Grew's engravings (f. 7, 8) of the species were correctly cited, and the erroneous reference to Rumphius was not inserted. The printed additions were unimportant—"exarata", "repando", "sub" before "edentula", and "levissime".
M. lotorium. M. angulatus, tuberculis conicis, cauda flexuosa, labio interno rugoso.
"Subter" was a misprint for the written "inter": the "ut in proximis" was a printed addition.
M. rubecula. M. angulatus, sulcis moniliformibus, costis lateralibus, dorsalique.
"Gualt. t. 49. f. 1" was rightly cited as illustrative: "ex" preceded "lineis".
M. reticularis. Cas. inæqualis gibba reticulata, cauda elongata.
The erroneous reference to Rumphius was not present in the manuscript. As corroborative of my expressed belief in the identity of the species described in the 'Museum' with the Triton ! mulus, it may be observed, that our author has wholly separated this and the allied anus from the true Tritons and Ranellæ, and that the original heading corresponds accurately with the peculiar characteristics.
M. anus. Cas. inæqualis, gibba nodosa, labris rugosis.
"Pet. Gaz. t. 74. f. 9" and "Pet. Amb. t. 6. f. 4" were the unprinted synonyms. The "rugis reticulato-intertextis", "irregularis", and "patens" were emendations.
M. ricinus. M. ecaudatus, ore utrinque dentato.
"Æqualibus, ad labium majoribus" was not in the copy.
M. capitellum. M. ecaudatus ovatus, columella rugosa, labio edentulo, superficie inermi rugosa.
"Alba" followed "edentula", and "Umbilicus ad basin" terminated the description in the original: the word "striis" was a subsequent introduction.
M. turbinellus. M. ecaudatus, turbinatus, columella dentata, spinis explicatis.
The printed additions are "anteriores", "nodulosa", "alba", "Cauda vix ulla", and "Variat colore albo spira longiore".
M. Ceramicus. M. ecaudatus, utrinque acuminatus, columella dentata, spinis conicis.
"Rumph. t. 49. f. L." was an unpublished synonym.
M. nodus. M. ecaudatus ovatus, labio denticulato.
As "Gualt. t. 28. f. R." was quoted, and "aut nigris, conicis, obtusiusculis" (a character which probably belonged to some distinct species erroneously supposed to be a variety) was not inserted in the manuscript, I feel convinced that the Purpura hystrix of authors was the species designed in the 'Museum Ulricæ.'
M. hystrix. M. ecaudatus edentulus, fauce lævi.
M. mancinella. M. ecaudatus, edentulus fauce striata.
This original heading, and the absence of the erroneous synonym from the MS., confirm the received opinion of the identity of the Museum species (not that of the 'Systema') with Purpura mancinella.
M. hippocastanum. M. ecaudatus edentulus, fauce edentula integra, spinis serie triplici.
Gualtieri's erroneously cited figure was not indicated in the manuscript. No specific name had been originally attached to the description.
M. melongena. M. ecaudatus edentulus fauce patula lævi, spinis serie duplici.
"Bonan. 3. f. 186" had been added to the synonymy by our author. The details were less copious than in the published edition, "apice solo acuminatus" being the meagre substitute for the entire description from "Spira" to the end.
M. ficus. Bul. caudata, striis reticulatis, spira obtusa.
"Pet. Amb. t. 6. f. 9" was an omitted synonym. The shell described in the 'Museum' was assuredly not the ficus of most writers.
M. rapa. Bul. caudata, striis longitudinalibus, spira acuta.
M. fusus. Turric. caudata lævis, labio dentato.
"Bonan. f. 121" and the name had been added to the MS. by Linnæus.
M. Babylonius. Turric. caudata, transversim angulo sulcata, labio marginali versus basim sinu exciso.
M. colus. Turric. caudata striata, labio exteriore crenato.
The printed emendations were "longa" and "s. angulati." The name was added by Linnæus. The following unnamed Turricula succeeded the species in the manuscript copy:—
T. caudata striata, longitudinaliter sulcata.
Testa parva, striis plurimis secundum anfractus. Anfractus scabri, sulcis longitudinalibus 15. Color anfractuum superne griseus inferne pallidus. Apertura ovata. Rostrum baseos rectum, testæ dimidio brevius. Labium tantum exterius integrum. An filia præcedentis?
M. morio. Strom. spira subnodosa, labio exteriore intus rugoso.
The synonymy, as might be expected (for Seba was unknown to Linnæus when the descriptions were written), was not in the original.
M. cochlidium. Strom. spira pyramidata, anfractibus planis.
The reference to Seba, the name, and the "Cauda subulata, longitudine testæ" were not present.
M. canaliculatus. Strom. spira subconvexa, anfractibus distantibus.
The "Anfractus distincti canaliculo per omnes spiras," the name, and the reference to Seba, were the printed additions. "Habitat in Canada. Kalm." was appended.
M. Aruanus. Strom. incurvus spinosus ventricosus, angulo obsoleto.
The objectionable name (for assuredly the Buccinum Aruanum of Rumphius suits not "spinosus") was not present in the original, but had subsequently been added by our author, who seems to have erased the original "Habitat in Canada. Kalm." I doubt not that Pyrula carica was intended.
M. perversus. Strom. inversus.
The wretched engraving of Gualtieri was not cited.
M. Tritonis. Cas. pyramidalis lævis, columella dentata.
"Bonan. 3. f. 188" stood in the place of Seba. The printed additions were "plerisque", "et suturis variis alternis crassis", and the specific epithet. "Genus difficile eruitur" was written after the description, and the following note erased:—"Ad genus retuli ob labium interius adnatum in quibusdam latius, ob suturas verrucosas, ob caudam canaliculatam parum elevatam, ob labium postice dentatum, quæ omnia affinitatem arguunt."
The Triton nodiferus was probably designed by the following description, which succeeded that of M. Tritonis:—
Cas. (corrected by Linnæus to Murex) Neptuni. C. pyramidalis nodosa, columella dentata.
Testa maxime facie statura et colore præcedentis. Anfractuum angulus summus nodis prominentibus, unde et spira nodosa evadit, quod non in præcedente. Apertura præcedentis. Labium interius magis dilatatum, maximeque planum. Columella non dentata. Habitat Constantinopoli. Edw. Carleson.
M. trapezium. Strom. spira nodosa, labio denticulato, columella rugosa.
M. aluco. Turric. recurvirostra, spinosa, serie simplici.
Gualtieri was not cited, and the reference was to "N. Strombus tuberosus" (Cerithium aluco), not O. (C. nodulosum) of Rumphius. The inner lip was described as "non adnatum, sed prominens": "s. fuscis", and "Variat cauda recta, &c.", were not in the original.
Besides the published species, the following had been written, but omitted in printing:—
Turricula alba. T. alba recurvirostra, anfractibus margine crenulatis.
Bon. 3. t. 84. Rumph. t. 30. f. K. Pet. Gaz. t. 56. f. 4. d'Arg. Conch. t. 14. f. P. Gualt. Test. t. 57. f. D.
Testa lævis. Anfractus circiter 15, margine subcrenati. Color albus, sæpius saturatior ad marginem anfractuum. Apertura ovata, rostro canaliculato, recurvo. Labium interius adnatum, dente unico obsoleto.
This was evidently identical, from its synonymy, with the M. vertagus of the 'Systema.'
Turricula senticosa. T. reflexo-emarginata, costis reticulatis.
d'Arg. Conch. t. 12. f. O.
Testa gibba, costis sæpius 12 perpendiculari-obliquis, intertextis striis lamellosis transversis ad anastomosases muricatis, unde admodum scabra evadit. Anfractus ventricosi, sæpius x. Color griseus. Apertura ovata, interne striata, emarginata, parum reflexa.
Evidently this was identical with the M. senticosus of the 'Systema.'
M. oleagineus. M. angulis sulcis inæqualibus, labio interiore rugoso, costis alternis.
Gualt. Test. t. 49. f. G. d'Arg. Conch. t. 13. f. M.
Habitus et structura rubeculæ, at octies major, nec vivide pictus, sed colore testaceo fasciis fuscis longitudinalibus. Apertura intus saturate crocea, rugis albis.
Apparently this was the Triton pileare of authors,—not the Mediterranean shell (T. corrugatus) termed M. pileare in the 'Systema.'
M. pileus Helveticus. M. angulis rotundatis, tuberculis conicis, apertura utrinque canaliculata.
d'Arg. Conch, t. 12. f. D. Rumph. t. 28. f. D.
Testa ovata, admodum inæqualis, adspersa nodis conicis tuberculatis inæqualibus. Costæ latere antico membranaceæ, primæ 2 oppositæ, reliquæ alternæ. Color flavus. Apertura hians, antice et postice canaliculatæ, faux intus striata. Labium exterius dentatum, intus dilatato-membranaceum.
This suits very fairly the Triton lampas of authors; far better, indeed, than does the M. Lampas of the 'Museum Ulricæ.'
M. subulatus. M. ecaudatus, pyramidalis.
Testa subulata instar turris, anfractuum undecim, reticulata striis elevatis decussantibus punctis contiguationem eminentibus. Costæ oppositæ et alternæ. Color albus, maculis flavescentibus. Apertura ovata, Labium exterius crassum, intus dentatum. Interius dentato-glabrum.
Both Triton! maculosus and Ranella candisata approach the ideal portrait, yet neither of them precisely agrees.
Under the name of Trochus turritus our author appears to have first described his Murex radula.
Trochus exumbilicatus, pyramidatus, anfractibus duplici serie muricatis.
Gualt, t. 58. f. F.
Testa elongata, flavescens s. testacea. Anfractus 16, connexi sutura crenulata, dorso duplici serie instructi punctis eminentibus pallidis. Apertura subtetragona, subtus in canalis rudimentum desineus.
The Murex Neritoideus of the 'Systema' was thus described.
Lyra Neritoides. L. testa nodosa subrotunda.
Gualt.
Testa crassa, ponderosa, alba cum rubedine tincta, figura Neritæ, magnitudine juglandis, cincta anfractibus 5 e nodis obtusis crassiusculis. Labium interius depressum, longitudine pictum macula ferruginea.