SUMMER.

Hail, gentle Summer! every mead

With thy fair robe of beauty spread

To thee that beauty owes;

The smiling flowers with joy declare,

And loudly tell to Reason's ear,

Whence all that beauty flows.

Fawkes.

Plate 17. Pæonia Tenuifolia.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

PÆONIA tenuifolia.

Fine-leaved Pæony.

Class and Order.—Polyandria Trigynia.

Syn. Pæonia tenuifolia. Curt. Bot. Mag., pl. 926.

Root tuberous—stem erect, branching, growing to the height of one foot, or more—leaves numerous, biternate, linear—calyx five segments—flowers terminal—corolla deep scarlet—eight petals, orbicular, undulate—stamens many—anthers bright yellow—styles three—germen superior.

Though this beautiful plant has been so long known in our gardens, being introduced in the year 1756, it seldom grows luxuriantly, which perhaps may be accounted for by the liability of the roots to decay in cold wet soils. It is a native of Siberia, flowers in May, and makes a brilliant appearance when grown in large patches. The Pæonias grow best in a rich loamy soil, and may be increased by parting the roots, or by seed; by the latter means several most beautiful varieties have been raised of the Pæonia moutan, of which a full account may be seen in the "Hor. Soc. Trans.," vol. 6. This is a remarkably handsome genus. Some of the most ornamental are

P. odorata.	P. rosea.
— sibirica.	— moutan.
— albiflora.	— papavaracea.
— Sabinii.	— corallina.
— peregrina.	— humilis.

Pl. 17.

Plate 18. Phlox Divaricata.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

PHLOX divaricata.

Early-flowering Lychnidea.

Class and Order.—Pentandria Monogynia.

Syn. Phlox divaricata. Curt. Bot. Mag., pl. 163. Pursh's Flo. N. A.,
vol. i., p. 150.

Root fibrous—stem branching—leaves opposite, sessile, oblong oval, acute, undulate—flowers corymbose—peduncles short—calyx five segments, linear, acute—corolla monopetalous—five segments, emarginate, narrower at the base—pale blue—stamens five—style one—stigma divided into three parts.

The genus Phlox is perhaps one of the most beautiful cultivated in our gardens, and affords a delightful variety, its different species flowering all through the Summer and Autumn. The plant here figured is the earliest; and though it cannot boast of brilliancy, it is remarkable for the beautiful delicacy of its colour, and modest appearance. It grows low, seldom exceeding eight or ten inches in height, and is, on this account, very suitable for rock work. It flowers in May, likes a strong loamy soil, and is increased by parting the roots, or by cuttings. This species is a native of the mountains of Virginia, North America, and was brought into this country by the late Mr. Fraser. There are various others equally desirable for a flower garden. Amongst the most beautiful are

P. pyramidalis.	P. subulata.
— ovata.	— reflexa.
— carnea.	— amæma.
— nivalis.	— stolonifera.
— setacea.

Pl. 18.

Plate 19. Anemone Palmata.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

ANEMONE palmata.

Cyclamen-leaved Anemone.

Class and Order.—Polyandria Polygynia.

Syn. Anemone palmata. Bot. Reg. pl. 200. Persoon. Syn. Plan.,
vol. ii., p. 97.

Root tuberous—leaves radical, cordate, suborbiculate, dentate—stem radical, clothed with a ferruginous hair—flower issuing from an involucrum, sessile, trifid—corolla yellow—petals about twelve, oblong, obtuse—stamens numerous—styles many—germen superior.

This is a most striking and ornamental species, and though it is said to have been introduced so far back as the year 1597, is still rare in our gardens. It is difficult to cultivate, perhaps requiring a little stronger soil than Anemonies generally do. When its roots have attained a great size, it should be removed or divided, as it is then liable to decay; few, however, are fortunate enough to cultivate it to such a state of luxuriance. It is perfectly hardy, though mostly treated as a frame plant. The under side of the lower radical leaves is tinged with a bright violet colour. The genus Anemone is a numerous one, and can boast of many ornamental species.

A. appennina.	A. sylvestris.
— hortensis.	— baldensis.
— patens.	— thalictroides.
— narcissiflora.	— pavonina.
— pratensis.	— pulsatilla.

Pl. 19.

Plate 20. Pulmonaria Paniculata.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

PULMONARIA paniculata.

Panicled Lungwort.

Class and Order.—Pentandria Monogynia.

Syn. Pulmonaria paniculata. Curt. Bot. Mag., pl. 2680.

Root tuberous—stem branched, one to two feet high—leaves ovate, oblong, acuminate, strongly nerved—panicles leafy—flowers drooping—calyx five segments—corolla funnel-shaped, contracted near the base—when arrived at maturity, of a brilliant blue—stamens five—style equal with the stamens—stigma obtuse—plant hispid.

This beautiful plant, according to the "Bot. Mag.," 2680, is a native of Hudson's Bay, and was "Originally introduced to the Kew Gardens by the late Dr. Solander, in 1778." It is still rare, and difficult to cultivate, though in congenial situations it will sow its seed, and increase abundantly; but the general method of propagating it is by parting the roots. The plant from which the annexed drawing was made grows luxuriantly in a cold, stiff soil, and has endured our severest winters without protection. It flowers in June; and though each blossom falls off almost as soon as it becomes perfect, there is a succession for a considerable time. The most beautiful species of this genus are—

P. virginica.
— davurica.

Pl. 20.

Plate 21. Campanula Pulla.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

CAMPANULA pulla.

Russet Bell Flower.

Class and Order.—Pentandria Monogynia.

Syn. Campanula pulla. Loddige's Bot. Cab., p. 554.

Root fibrous—plant from two to three inches high—stem slender, radical, leafy, one-flowered—leaves very small, ovate, crenate, sessile, opposite—flowers terminal, drooping—calyx five segments—corolla purple, monopetalous, campanulate—margin five cleft—stamens five—style longer than the stamens—stigma divided into three parts—germen inferior.

This lovely little plant is a native of the mountains of Austria and Styria, and is particularly ornamental for rock work, to which it is well adapted by its low growth and general habit. It was introduced into this country about the year 1779, but is still very seldom met with. It is hardy, though like many Alpine plants is liable to be lost in the Winter unless protected, and it is therefore the safest plan either to keep it in a frame, or to cover it with dry leaves and a hand glass during Winter. It flowers in June, likes a light rich soil, and is increased by parting the roots. The genus Campanula is a very numerous one, consisting of upwards of sixty species: some of the most ornamental are—

C. peregrina.	C. barbata.
— carpatica.	— punctata.
— patula.	— Scheuchzeri.
— persicifolia.	— pyramidalis.
— capitata.	— azurea.

Pl. 21.

Plate 22. Œnothera Triloba.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

ŒNOTHERA triloba.

Dandelion-leaved Evening Primrose.

Class and Order.—Octandria Monogynia.

Syn. Œnothera triloba. Curt. Bot. Mag., pl. 2566.

Root biennial? spindle-shaped—leaves radical, lyrate, dentate, smooth, middle rib strong—flower radical, rising from amongst the bright green leaves—calyx tubular—four segments, lanceolate, acute—corolla pale delicate yellow—petals four, slightly trilobed, undulate—stamens eight—filaments shorter than the petals—anthers oblong, bright yellow—style a little longer than the stamens—stigma four-cleft—capsule radical, sessile, containing four cells.

The specific name of this very interesting plant was given by Professor Nuttal, in consequence of what he considered the three-lobed form of its petals; this is however so very slight as to be scarcely observable, and therefore perhaps ought not to be considered a specific distinction. It was discovered by the Professor in the Arkansas country, in 1819, and seeds were afterwards brought by that indefatigable traveller and naturalist, Mr. D. Douglas, from North America, in 1824. This plant, which has a succession of flowers throughout the Summer, is extremely liable to decay, if not kept dry in the Winter; but it may be raised from seed, or by parting the roots in Autumn, and keeping them in a frame, in pots of light dry soil, giving them very little or no water until the roots begin to shoot in the Spring. This is the best method of increasing the Œ. cespitosa, a most lovely plant, but extremely difficult to propagate. There are numerous species and varieties of this very interesting genus: some of the most beautiful are—

Œ. frutiosa.	Œ. glauca.
— speciosa.	— grandiflora.
— acaulis.	— amæna.
— rosea.	— tenella.
— pallida.	— viminea.

Pl. 22.

Plate 23. Clarkia Pulchella.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

CLARKIA pulchella.

Pretty Clarkia.

Class and Order.—Tetrandria Monogynia.

Syn. Clarkia pulchella. Pursh. Fl. N. A., vol. i. p. 260. Bot.
Reg., pl. 1100.

Plant annual—stem erect, branching—leaves linear, lanceolate, sessile, smooth—peduncles short—flowers growing from the axils of the leaves, solitary—calyx one segment, lanceolate, keeled—corolla beautiful purple pink—petals four, trilobed, obtuse, horned at the base—stamens four—anthers involute—style longer than the stamens—stigma divided into four parts—capsule oblong, grooved.

This very beautiful and singular annual was named by Pursh, in honour of Captain Clark, the companion of Captain Lewis, whose interesting travels across the continent of North America are so well known. It was found by Mr. Douglas, in the countries around the Columbia river, and brought by him into this country, to the Horticultural Society. The plant is hardy; but to facilitate its bloom, the seeds should be sown in a hotbed early in the Spring, and when the plants have acquired sufficient strength they may be removed to the borders, where they will continue to flower until destroyed by frost. This is the only species known of this genus.

Pl. 23.

Plate 24. Potentilla Nipalensis.
Drawn from Nature by M.R. Engraved by R. Havell Jun^r.

POTENTILLA Nipalensis.

Nipal Potentilla.

Class and Order.—Icosandria Polygynia.

Syn. Potentilla Nipalensis. Hooker's Exotic Flora, vol. ii., pl. 88.

Root fibrous—stem erect, branching—radical leaves, quinate—leaflets obovate, lanceolate, serrate—stipules large, broad, lanceolate—flowers terminal, on long peduncles—calyx double—five outer segments small, five inner somewhat larger—corolla five petals, emarginate, beautiful rose colour, darker at the base—stamens numerous—styles many—whole plant, hairy.

For this beautiful species of Potentilla we are indebted to the celebrated Dr. Wallich, of the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, who discovered it in Nipal, and sent seeds of it to this country. It is now becoming generally known, and is a great acquisition to our gardens, both for the beauty of its flower and continuing so long in blossom. A light loam suits it best; and when it likes the situation it will sow itself, and is therefore easily propagated. The genus Potentilla is not a showy one, but there are several pretty species:—

P. atrosanguinea.	P. lupinaster.
— clusiana.	— nivea.
— hirta.	— pedata.

Pl. 24.