53. Brig Florence.
1853. Rescue of slave on board by Mr. Bearse: Bearse, Reminiscences of Fugitive Slave Days in Boston, 34.
54. Lewis case.
1853. Escape of Lewis from trial: Liberator, Oct. 28, 1853.
55. Glover case.
1854. Joshua Glover rescued by a mob at Milwaukee: Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power, 444; Liberator, April 7, 24, 1854.
56. Bath.
1854. Escape to Canada from ship from Florida: Liberator, Oct. 6, 1854.
57. Burns case. [§ [55.]]
1854. Rendition in Boston: Liberator, May, June, 1854, Aug. 22, 1861; Kidnapping of Burns, Scrapbook collected by Theo. Parker; Personal Statement of Mr. Elbridge Sprague, N. Abington; Accounts in Boston Journal, May 27, 29, 1854; Daily Advertiser, May 26, 29, June 7, 8, July 17; Traveller, May 27, 29, June 2, 3, 6, 10, July 15, 18, Oct. 3, Nov. 29, Dec. 5, 7, 1854, April 3, 4, 10, 11, 1855; Evening Gazette, May 27, 1854; Worcester Spy, May 31; Argument of Mr. R. H. Dana; May, Fugitive Slave Law and its Victims, 256; Clarke, Antislavery Days, 87; Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power, II. 435, Stevens, History of Anthony Burns; Greeley, American Conflict I. 218, New York Tribune, May 26, 1854; Liberator, June 2, 9, 16, 1854; Von Holst VI. 62, Garrisons' Garrison, II. 201, III. 409; C. F. Adams, Dana, I. 262-330.
58. Garner. [§ [56]]
1856. Rendition of a family in Ohio: Liberator, Feb. 8, 22, 29, 1856; May, Fugitive Slave Law and its Victims, 37; Lunsford Lane, 119; Greeley, American Conflict, I. 219, Lalor's Cyclopædia, I. 207; Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power, II. 446, 447.
59. Williamson case.
1856, Jan. Prosecution for aiding fugitives: Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power, II. 448; May, Fugitive Slave Law and its Victims, 9, 34; Annual Report of American Antislavery Society, N. Y., May 7, 1856, p. 24; Narrative of the Facts in the Case of Passmore Williamson, Penn. Antislavery Society.
60. Johnson case.
1856, July 16. Rescue of slave on ship from Mobile: Liberator, July 18, 1856.
61. Gatchell case.
1857, Jan. Rendition of Philip Young: Chambers, Slavery and Color; Fugitive Slave Law, Appendix, 197.
62. Oberlin-Wellington case. [§ [59]]
1858. Rescue at Wellington: Liberator, Jan. 28, April 29, May 6, June 3, June 10, 1859; Shepherd, Oberlin-Wellington Rescue; Lunsford Lane, 179, Anglo-African Magazine (Oberlin-Wellington Rescue), 209; May, Fugitive Slave Law and its Victims, 108.
63. John Brown's Raid. [§ [62.]]
1858. Raid in Missouri: Sanborn, Life and Letters of John Brown, 420; Von Holst, John Brown, 104.
64. Nalle case.
1859, April 28. Rescue of Charles Nalle by a mob: Bradford, Harriet, the Moses of her People, Appendix, 143; Liberator, May 4, 1860.
65. Anderson case. [§ [23.]]
1860. Extradition case between U. S. and Canada: Liberator, Dec. 3, 1860; Pamphlets on Anderson Case, Boston Public Library; Life of Gerrit Smith, 15; Liberator, Jan. 22, 1861.
66. Wisdom case. [§ [91.]]
1861. Rendition by army officers: Liberator, July 19, 1861.
67. Major Sherwood's servant. [§ [91.]]
1861. Rendition ordered in army: Liberator, July 19, 1861.
68. Norfolk case.
1863. Kidnapping by N. Y. Volunteers: Liberator, March 27, 1863.
69. Archer Alexander.
1863. Fugitive during the war: Archer Alexander.
APPENDIX E. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FUGITIVE SLAVE CASES AND FUGITIVE SLAVE LEGISLATION.
1. [Sources of information.]
2. [Libraries.]
3. [Secondary works.]
4. [Biographies.]
5. [Original sources.]
6. [Slave autobiographies.]
7. [Records of trials.]
8. [Speeches.]
9. [Reminiscences.]
10. [Reports of societies.]
11. [Periodicals and newspapers.]
12. [Materials bearing on legislation.]
13. [Alphabetical list of works.]
1. Sources of information.
There are many sources from which material for a study of fugitive slaves may be gathered. Almost any work upon the slavery question touches sooner or later upon this topic, and the difficulties arise rather from the amount of the literature which must be examined than from lack of information. No formal bibliography of the subject, or of any phase of it, has been found; it has therefore been necessary to go through a large body of material, and to sift out references which bear upon the subject.
2. Libraries.
The labor has been much facilitated by the completeness and convenient arrangement of the literature bearing upon slavery in the libraries of Cambridge and Boston. The Harvard College Library possesses two unique collections of slavery pamphlets, one the bequest of Charles Sumner, the other the gift of Colonel T. W. Higginson; and the Card Catalogue of the Library is a comprehensive guide to a large alcove of other books. The great collections of the Boston Public Library have also been made accessible by the full Card Catalogue of that Library. The Boston Athenæum has also furnished valuable material; and in the Massachusetts State Library is an excellent set of State Statutes, which has been freely used. I have not been able to consult the antislavery collection of the Cornell Library at Ithaca.
3. Secondary works.
The material upon fugitive slaves, as upon any topic, may be divided into two classes, secondary and original. The general and local histories which come under the first class have been of good service as guides to further investigation. The Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America, by Henry Wilson, takes up the whole question of slavery in a thorough manner, and devotes special attention to the debates in Congress. Though long and ill-arranged, it is comprehensive and trustworthy. Unfortunately, the work is not provided with foot-notes. Williams's History of the Negro Race, and Greeley's American Conflict, are other surveys of the whole subject. For a discussion of political forces and constitutional questions, Von Holst is the best authority, while Hurd, besides enumerating the statutes from colonial times down, considers the subject with great clearness from a judicial point of view, describes many cases, and in foot-notes gives references to others.
Studies of colonial slavery are found in Lodge's English Colonies in America and Doyle's English in America. Several special essays have been printed on slavery in Massachusetts; Deane's and Moore's Notes on Slavery, and Washburn's Extinction of Slavery in Massachusetts. Little attention is in any of these works given to fugitive slaves.
To another class belong books descriptive of the institution of slavery. Mrs. Frances Kemble wrote about life on a Southern plantation before the war, and the Cotton Kingdom and other volumes by Frederick Law Olmsted give many interesting details, and furnished me with much material for the chapter on Fugitives and their Friends.
4. Biographies.
Biographies of antislavery men are likely to contain information on fugitive slave cases. The Life of Isaac T. Hopper is full of accounts of his ways of aiding flight, and for the same reason the Life of Gerrit Smith is exceedingly interesting. Birney's Life of James G. Birney deals little with fugitives. The biographies of Mrs. Lydia Maria Child, Arthur and Lewis Tappan, John Brown, Garrison, Phillips, and the Grimké sisters, may also be mentioned. Others, like those of Jonathan Walker, L. W. Paine, Daniel Drayton, captain of the schooner Pearl, W. L. Chaplin, Work, Burr, and Thompson, and the recently published Life of Rev. Calvin Colman, relate simply the stories of trials and imprisonments for aiding fugitives, and are often more in the nature of original than secondary sources.
5. Original sources.
Very early in the preparation of this work it became evident that no writer had systematically examined and compared the legislation of the Colonies and States, or searched the records of Congress, or looked for contemporary accounts of any considerable number of escapes. I was therefore obliged to search for such original material as was within my reach. Doubtless some important books and pamphlets have escaped me, and an examination of other collections would enlarge the bibliography; but the effort has been made to exhaust the literature of the subject, except in newspapers.
6. Slave autobiographies.
Out of the great variety of original sources containing descriptions of slave life and escapes, the autobiographies of the slaves themselves are the most interesting, and often the saddest. The Rev. James Freeman Clarke says, in his Antislavery Days: "Even now, when it is all over, the flesh creeps and the blood curdles in the veins at the accounts of the dreadful cruelties practised on slaves in many parts of the South. I would advise no one to read such histories to-day unless his nerves are very well strung." Frederick Douglass has given us two books, one written before slavery was abolished, and a fuller account afterward, when it was no longer imprudent to reveal the whole story of his escape. Many of these lives were published by antislavery people, who wished by such means to rouse the North. Such are the stories of Box Brown, Peter Still, Archy Moore, Solomon Northrup, Lunsford Lane, and others, most of which have been quoted above.
7. Records of trials.
Much descriptive detail can often be found in the published reports of trials. A volume is devoted to the Oberlin-Wellington case, and several volumes have been published on the Burns trial. For the Prigg and Hanway cases, and others of importance, the records of the Supreme Court and lower courts have been consulted. Most of the important cases were tried in State courts or before commissioners, and the only reports are fugitive pamphlets, of which many have been consulted and cited.
8. Speeches.
In the study of public sentiment and for the weighing of argument the speeches of Phillips, Sumner, Seward, Giddings, Webster, Mann, Rantoul, Loring, and others, are of the greatest value. They often throw light upon obscure cases, and the fugitive slave stories brought in as illustrations have sometimes led to the discovery of interesting and forgotten cases.
9. Reminiscences.
A valuable aid in reconstructing in the mind the conditions of the slavery struggle are the reminiscences of participants. Rev. James Freeman Clarke's Antislavery Days and Mr. Parker Pillsbury's book have been helpful in these chapters. A pamphlet by Mr. Austin Bearse describes the Fugitive Slave Laws in Boston, and relates the work of the Vigilance Committee in protecting escaped negroes. The books of Still, Smedley, and Coffin, on the workings of the Underground Railroad, are composed chiefly of reminiscences, and have furnished many essential facts.
10. Reports of societies.
The reports of the various antislavery societies, especially of those of Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, have also been examined with profit as to the work among the refugees in Canada, etc. For the colonial period the publications of the Massachusetts and New York Historical Societies are exceedingly important, and have been freely drawn upon.
11. Periodicals and newspapers.
Not much has been gathered from periodicals. Poole's Index was used and occasionally something of importance was discovered. Thus The Freedman's Story in the Atlantic Monthly has furnished one of the most striking of the stories about resistance to escapes. Such articles are few, and occur long after the slavery period, when such disclosures were no longer unpopular. The Magazine of American History contains Several articles. Among newspapers, the Liberator is without doubt the most complete record of the extreme antislavery sentiment toward the fugitive slave laws and their workings. Each case as it occurs is fully commented upon, and in addition there is each week a column or two of atrocities, and among them stories of fugitives are often given. The Harvard College Library contains a complete file, which I have examined; and references to the Liberator are therefore frequent throughout the work. The colonial newspapers are of little value, except for the conclusions which may be drawn from the advertisements for runaways. Newspapers of that time were so limited in scope, that an affair so unimportant to them as a fugitive slave case would scarcely appear.
12. Materials bearing on legislation.
The materials for the study of colonial legislation must be gathered from many sources. The best collection of them in Boston may be found at the State Library. In some colonies there are carefully edited series of volumes chronologically arranged, but in others the records have been but irregularly printed. The laws of New Netherlands and of early New York are easily accessible in well printed volumes of a recent date. For the Southern States, the Hening edition of the Virginia Statutes at Large is clear, and covers a long period. There is also the Cooper collection for South Carolina, Bacon's series for Maryland, Iredell's edition of South Carolina Statutes, and Leaming and Spicer for New Jersey. There are of course many others, but these comprise the most important.
From the beginning of the Constitutional period, the proceedings of Congress may be followed as minutely as desired. An outline of the proceedings is given in the Journals of the Senate and House, while for a fuller account and reports of speeches the Annals of Congress and Congressional Debates to 1837, and the Congressional Globes from 1833 to 1863, furnish ample material. Information in regard to the number and personnel of the House is most readily gathered from Poore's Congressional Directory.
13. Alphabetical list of works.
This list includes all the books and articles which have been of service in preparing the monograph, except a few of the general histories.
Adams, Charles Francis, Jr. Richard Henry Dana: a Biography. 2 vols. Boston, 1890.
Allen, H. W. Trial of U. S. Deputy Marshal for Kidnapping, etc. Syracuse, 1852.
Antislavery Almanacs, miscellaneous collection of, in the Library of Harvard College.
Antislavery Pamphlets, miscellaneous collection of, unsuitable for binding, in the Library of Harvard College.
Antislavery Societies, Annual Reports of.
Amherstburg Quarterly Mission Journal, Amherstburg, Canada West.
Ball, J. P. Mammoth Pictorial Tour of the United States, compiled for a Panorama. Cincinnati, 1855.
Bayard, James. A Brief Exposition of the Constitution of the United States. Philadelphia, 1845.
Bearse, Anthony. Remembrances of Fugitive Slave Law Days in Boston. Boston, 1880. pp. 41.
Birney, J. G. Examination of the Decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Case of Strader, Gorman, and Armstrong vs. Christopher Graham, 1850. Cincinnati, 1851. pp. 47.
Bledsoe, Albert T. An Essay on Liberty and Slavery. Philadelphia, 1887. pp. 383.
Bowditch, H. I. To the Public. [Defence of his conduct in the case of Latimer against the charges of J. B. Gray.] Boston, 1842. pp. 11.
Bowditch, W. I. The Rendition of Anthony Burns. Boston, 1854. pp. 40.
——. The United States Constitution a Pro-slavery Instrument. New York, 1855. pp. 12.
Bowen, C. W. Arthur and Lewis Tappan, a Paper read at the Fiftieth Anniversary of the New York City Antislavery Society, Oct. 2, 1883. New York, 1883. (?) pp. 116.
Bowen, F. Fugitive Slaves. In North American Review, LXXI. 252. (July, 1850.)
Boston Slave Riot and Trial of Anthony Burns. Boston, 1854.
Brown, W. W. Narrative of a Fugitive Slave. Boston, 1848. pp. 144.
Bump, O. F. Notes of Constitutional Decisions, being the Digest of the Provincial Interpretations of the Constitution of the United States, etc. New York, 1878.
Canada Mission, 7th Annual Report of. Rochester, N. Y.
Case of William R. Chaplin, etc. Boston, 1851. pp. 54.
Chambers, William. American Slavery and Color. London, 1857.
Chase, S. P. Reclamation of Fugitive Slaves from Service, an Argument for the Defendant, submitted to the Supreme Court of the United States at December Term, 1840, in Case of W. Jones vs. John Van Zandt. Cincinnati, 1847. pp. 108.
Child, Lydia Maria. The Duty of Disobedience to the Fugitive Slave Act (an Appeal to the Legislators of Mass.). Boston, 1860. pp. 36.
——. Isaac T. Hopper (a True Life). Boston, 1853. pp. 120.
——. Letters of Lydia Maria Child. Boston, 1883.
Clarke, James Freeman. Antislavery Days. New York, 1884.
Clarke, Lewis and Milton, Narrative of the Sufferings of, among the Slaveholders of Kentucky. Boston, 1848. pp. 144.
Cobb, T. R. Historical Sketch of Slavery. Philadelphia, 1836.
Coffin, L. (President of Underground Railroad). Reminiscences of a Lifetime spent in Behalf of the Slave. Cincinnati, 1876.
Constitutional Provision, The, respecting Fugitives from Justice, and the Act of Congress, Sept. 18, 1850. Boston, 1852.
Cooley, Thomas M. The General Principles of Constitutional Law in the United States of America. Boston, 1880. pp. 376.
Daggs (Ruel) vs. Elihu Frazier et als. Fugitive Slave Case, Southern Division of Iowa. Burlington, 1850. pp. 40.
Deane, Charles, and Moore. Slavery in Massachusetts. Connecticut, 1877.
Desty, Robert. Constitution of the United States, with Notes by Robert Desty, etc. San Francisco, 1887.
Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of his Life. Written by himself. Boston, 1845.
——. Life and Times of Frederick Douglass. Hartford, 1881-82.
Drayton, Daniel. Personal Memoirs of, for four years and four months (a prisoner for charity's sake in Washington Jail), including Narrative of Voyage and Capture of Schooner Pearl. New York, 1855.
Drew, Benjamin. North Side View of Slavery, or Narrative of a Refugee in Canada, with an Account of the History of the Colored Population in Upper Canada. Boston, 1856.
Eliot, W. G. The Story of Archer Alexander from Slavery to Freedom. Boston, 1885.
Elliott, Chas. W. The New England History, from the Discovery of the Continent by the Northmen, A. D. 986, to the Period when the Colonies declared their Independence, A. D. 1776. 2 vols. New York, 1857.
Friend, By A. The Experiences of Thomas Jones, who was for forty-three years a Slave. Boston, 1850.
Frothingham, O. B. Life of Gerrit Smith. A Biography. New York, 1878. pp. 381.
Fugitive Slave Bill enacted by U. S. Congress, and approved by President Fillmore, Sept. 8, 1850. Boston, 1854. pp. 7.
Fugitive Slaves. In Democratic Review, XXVIII. 57 (April, 1851).
Furness, W. H. The Moving Power. A Discourse delivered in the First Congregational Unitarian Church in Philadelphia, Feb. 9, 1851, after the occurrence of a Fugitive Slave Case. Philadelphia, 1851.
Garrison, Wendell Phillips, and Garrison, Francis Jackson. William Lloyd Garrison, 1805-1879: the Story of his Life, told by his Children [Wendell Phillips Garrison and Francis Jackson Garrison]. 4 vols., 8vo. New York, 1885.
Giddings, J. R. The Exiles of Florida, or Crimes committed by our Government against Maroons who fled from South Carolina, etc. Columbus, O., 1858.
Goodell, William. Views of American Constitutional Law in its Bearings upon American Slavery. 2d ed. Utica, N. Y., 1845.
Goodloe, D. R. The Southern Platform, or Manual of Southern Sentiments on the Subject of Slavery. Boston, 1858.
Gray, A. F. (?) Letter to W. H. Seward touching the Surrender of certain Fugitives from Justice. New York, 1841.
Great Britain. British Documents, Parliament of Great Britain, Correspondence respecting Case of Fugitive Slave Anderson. London, 1861.
Greeley, Horace. The American Conflict; a History of the Great Rebellion, 1860-65; its moral and political Phases, with the Drift and Progress of America respecting Human Slavery from 1776. 2 vols., 8vo. Hartford, 1864.
Green, William (formerly a slave), Narrative of Events in the Life of. Written by himself. Springfield, 1853. pp. 23.
Hawkins, W. G. Lunsford Lane, or Another Helper from North Carolina. Boston, 1863.
Helper, H. R. The Impending Crisis in the South, and How to Meet it. New York, 1860. pp. 420.
Henson, Josiah. Life of J. Henson, formerly a Slave, now an Inhabitant of Canada, as narrated by himself.
Hildreth, R. The Slave, or Memoirs of Archy Moore. Boston, 1840.
Hopper, I. T. Thomas Cooper. New York, 1837.
Hossack, John. Speech of John Hossack, convicted of Violation of the Fugitive Slave Law, before Judge Drummond of the United States District Court, Chicago, Ill. New York, 1860. pp. 12.
Howe, S. G. Refugees from the South in Canada West. Report to Freedman's Inquiry Committee. Boston, 1864.
Hurd, J. C. The Law of Freedom and Bondage. 2 vols. New York, 1858, 1862.
——. Topics of Jurisprudence connected with the Condition of Freedom and Bondage. New York, 1856. pp. ix, 113.
Hurd, R. C. Treatise on the Right of Personal Liberty, and on the Writ of Habeas Corpus, and Practice connected with it, with a View of the Law of Extradition of Fugitives. Albany, 1858.
Joliffe, John. In the Matter of George Gordon's Petition for Pardon. John Joliffe's Argument for Petitioner. Cincinnati, 1862.
Kane, Judge. District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. United States of America, ex relatione Wheeler, vs. Williamson. Opinion of Judge Kane, Oct. 12, 1855. Philadelphia, 1855. pp. 20.
Kemble, Frances Anne. Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1836-39. New York, 1863.
Kent, J. Commentaries on American Law. 4 vols. Boston, 1884.
Kidnapping. African Observer, May, 1837.
Kingsbury, Harmon. The Fugitive Slave Bill, its History and Unconstitutionality: with an Account of the Seizure and Enslavement of James Hamlet and his subsequent Restoration to Liberty (with Appendix). New York, 1850.
Larned, E. C. Argument on the Trial of Joseph Stout, indicted for rescuing a Fugitive Slave from a United States Deputy Marshal at Ottawa, Ill., Oct. 20, 1859, delivered March 12 and 13, 186-. Chicago, 186-. pp. 43.
——. The new Fugitive Slave Law. Speech of E. C. Larned, Chicago, Oct. 25, 1850. Chicago, 1850.
Latimer Case. From the Law Reporter, March, 1843. Boston, 1843. pp. 10.
Letter to His Excellency, William H. Seward, Governor of the State of New York, touching the Surrender of certain Fugitives from Justice. New York, 1841. pp. 101.
Lord, J. C. The Higher Law in its Application to the Fugitive Slave Bill. Buffalo, 1851.
Madison, James. The Constitution a Pro-slavery Compact. New York, 1844.
Mann, Horace. Fugitive Slave Law. Boston, 1851.
Massachusetts Senate. Various Documents. Senate, 1851, No. 89 (examination of Sims Case).
May, S. J. American Antislavery Society. The Fugitive Slave Law and its Victims. New York, 1856, 1861.
——. Catalogue of Antislavery Publications in America, 1750-1830.
Moore, G. H. Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts. New York, 1866.
Narrative of Facts in the Case of Passmore Williamson. Philadelphia, 1855.
Narrative of Solomon Northrup, a Citizen of New York, kidnapped in Washington in 1844, and rescued in 1853 from a Cotton Plantation near Red River, Louisiana. Cincinnati, H. W. Derby.
Needles, Edward. Historical Memoir of the Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery. Philadelphia, 1848.
New York Court of Appeals, Report of the Lemmon Slave Case. New York, 1861. pp. 446.
New York Legal Observer, Supplement to, containing Report of the Case In the Matter of George Kirk, a Fugitive Slave, heard before J. W. Edmunds, Circuit Judge; also the Argument of John Jay, Counsel for the Slave. New York, 1844. pp. 20.
Oberlin-Wellington Rescue. New Englander, XVII. 686.
Olmsted, F. L. The Cotton Kingdom. 2 vols. New York, 1861.
Paine, Byron, and Smith, A. D. Unconstitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Act. Argument of A. D. Smith. Milwaukee, 1854. pp. 35.
Paine, L. W. Six Years in a Georgia Prison. Narrative of L. W. Paine, who suffered Imprisonment for aiding Slaves to escape from that State after he had fled from Slavery. Boston, 1852.
Parker, Joel. Personal Liberty Laws (State of Massachusetts) and Slavery in the Territories (Case of Dred Scott). Boston, 1861. pp. 97.
Parker, Theodore. Anthony Burns. [Collection made and arranged in the form of a scrap-book by Theodore Parker, whose Autograph and Manuscript it contains.] Boston Public Library.
Peabody, Andrew Preston. [Address before the New England Historic-Genealogical Society, May 6, 1891.]
Peabody, E. Narratives of Fugitive Slaves. Christian Examiner, XLVII. 61.
Phillips, Wendell. Argument of Wendell Phillips, Esq., against Repeal of the Personal Liberty Laws before the Committee of the Legislature, Tuesday, January 29, 1861. Boston, 1861.
——. No Slave Hunting in the Old Bay State, before Committee on Federal Relations, H. R., Thursday, Feb. 17, 1859. Boston, 1859.
——. Speech in the House of Representatives of Massachusetts before the Committee on Federal Relations [against the recapture of fugitive slaves]. Boston, 1859.
Pickard, Mrs. K. E. R. The Kidnapped and the Ransomed. Personal Reflections of Peter Still and his Wife Vina after Forty Years of Slavery. Syracuse, New York, 1856.
Pierce, E. L. Remarks of E. L. Pierce before the Committee of the Legislature of Massachusetts on the General Statutes relating to Personal Liberty, at their Hearing of Feb. 1, 1861. Boston, 1861.
Pomeroy, J. N. An Introduction to the Constitutional Laws of the United States. Boston, 1868.
Poole, W. F. Sketch of Antislavery Opinion before Year 1800. An Essay read before the Cincinnati Literary Club, Nov. 16, 1872. Cincinnati, 1873.
Randolph, Peter, an emancipated slave. Sketches of Slave Life. Boston, 1855. pp. 82.
Rantoul, Robert. Speech at Lynn, April 3, 1852, on the Fugitive Slave Law. Speech in Congress on June 11, 1852, on the Constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Law.
Rendition of Fugitive Slaves. Acts of 1793 and 1850, and Decisions of the Supreme Court sustaining them. The Dred Scott Case. 1860. pp. 15.
Refugees' Home Society, Report of Committee. Winsor, 1852. pp. 8.
Report of the Trial of Castner Hanway for Treason, etc. Philadelphia, 1852. pp. 275.
Report of the Case of Edward Prigg against the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Superior Court. Philadelphia, 1842.
Roper, Moses, Narrative of the Adventures and Escape of, from American Slavery. Philadelphia, 1838. pp. 89.
Sergeant, Thomas. On Constitutional Law. Philadelphia, 1830.
Seward, W. H. John Van Zandt, etc., Argument for Defendant by W. H. Seward. Albany, 1847. pp. 40.
Sherman, H. Slavery in the United States; from the Establishment of the Confederation to the present Time. Hartford, 1860. pp. 60.
Shipherd, J. R. History of Oberlin-Wellington Rescue. Boston, 1859.
Smedley, R. C., M. D. History of the Underground Railroad in Chester and neighboring Counties of Pennsylvania. Lancaster, Pa., 1883. pp. 395.
Smith, Gerrit. Argument on the Fugitive Slave Law, June, 1852, on the Trial of H. W. Allen for Kidnapping. Syracuse. pp. 32. No date.
South Bend Fugitive Slave Case, The. (John Ames vs. L. B. Newton.) New York. pp. 24.
Spooner, L. A Defence for Fugitive Slaves against the Acts of Congress of Feb. 12, 1793, and Sept. 18, 1850. Boston, 1850. Pam.
Stearns, Charles. Narrative of Henry Box Brown, who escaped from Slavery enclosed in a Box three feet long and two wide. Boston, 1849.
Stearns, Charles. The "Fugitive Slave Law of the United States."
Stevens, C. E. Anthony Burns (a Fugitive Slave). A History. Boston, 1856.
Still, W. The Underground Railroad. Philadelphia, 1872.
Stroud, G. M. Sketch of Laws relative to Slavery in the several States of the United States of America. Philadelphia, 1827. pp. 128.
Sumner, Charles. Fugitive Slaves. Brownson, XI. 487 (October, 1854).
Tappan, Arthur. The Life of. New York, 1870.
Thomas, B. F. A few Suggestions to a Friend upon Personal Liberty Laws and Secession (so called), in a Letter to a Friend. Boston, 1861.
Thompson, George. Prison Life and Reflections, Narrative of Trial, Imprisonment, etc. of Work, Burr, and Thompson for aiding Slaves to Liberty. Hartford, 1849.
——. The Negroes' Flight from American Slavery to British Freedom. 1849. pp. 16.
Watson, Henry. Narrative of Henry Watson, a Fugitive Slave. Written by himself. Boston, 1848. pp. 48.
Weld, S. D. American Slavery as it is: Testimony of Thousands of Witnesses. New York, 1839.
Wesley, Rev. J. The Rev. J. W. Loguen as a Slave and as a Freeman. Syracuse, New York, 1859.
Weston, G. M. Progress of Slavery in the United States. Washington, 1857.
White Slave, The: Or Memoirs of a Fugitive. Boston, 1852. pp. 408.
Whittier, John G. The Writings of John G. Whittier. Boston, 1888-89. 7 vols. 12mo.
Wigham, E. Antislavery Cause in America and its Martyrs. London, 1863.
Wilcox, A. The Powers of the Federal Government over Slavery. Baltimore, 1862. pp. 23.
Willey, Rev. Austin. History of the Antislavery Cause in State and Nation. Portland, 1886. pp. xii, 503.
Wilson, Henry. History of the Antislavery Measures in the 37th and 38th United States Congresses. Boston, 1865.
——. History of the Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America. 3 vols. Boston, 1875-1877.
Williams, George W. History of the Negro Race in America. 2 vols. New York, 1883.
Wisconsin Supreme Court. Unconstitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Act. Decision in Case of Booth and Bycraft. Milwaukee, 1855.
INDEX.
Abolition,
in the D. C., [§ 98,] [C 62,] [C 65;]
of the slave trade in the D. C., [B 25.]
See also [Antislavery,] [Emancipation.]
Abolitionists,
known to slaves, [§ 63.]
efforts on the Underground Railroad, [§ 76.]
See also [Antislavery.]
Acorn, ship, [§ 54.]
Act,
first fugitive slave, [B 9;]
second fugitive slave, [B 31;]
Grimes, [C 51;]
Blair, [C 58;]
repealing fugitive slave act, [C 83.]
See also [Bill.]
Adams, ——,
against fugitive slave bill, [§ 20.]
Adams, J. Q.,
in Treaty of Ghent Convention, [§ 22;]
presented petitions, [§ 44.]
Advertisement,
of runaways, [§ 3;]
colonial, [§ 5;]
later, [§ 65,] [§ 96;]
of probable place of refuge of an habitual runaway, [§ 66.]
Albany,
escapes from, [§ 8,] [A 50.]
Aldrich,
amendment, [C 58.]
Alexander, Archer, [D 69.]
Alien and Sedition Acts,
absorb attention, [§ 19.]
Allen, Henry W.,
tried for kidnapping, [§ 58.]
Amendments to the Constitution, [§ 104.]
Amsterdam,
banishes runaway colonists, [A 15.]
Anderson case, [§ 23,] [D 65.]
Antislavery men,
biographies of, [E 4.]
Antislavery reminiscences, [E 9.]
Antislavery sentiment,
rise of, [§ 33.]
Antislavery societies,
character of work, [§ 41;]
reports of, [E 10.]
Apprentices,
fugitive, [A 9,] [A 39.]
Arbitration,
in Creole case, [§ 24.]
Army officers,
arrests by, [§ 95.]
Arrest,
negro liable to, [§ 65;]
by army officers, [§ 95.]
Articles of Confederation,
fugitive slave clause in, [§ 8,] [§ 14,] [A 8.]
Articles of war,
resolution on, [C 47;]
bill for an additional, [§ 95.]
Artis, Jordan,
advertisement of, [§ 65.]
Ashley,
repeal bill, [§ 101,] [C 80.]
Athenæum,
Boston, [E 2.]
Attorneys,
to defend fugitives, [§ 78;]
forbidden to act, [§ 81.]
Attucks, Crispus,
escape of, [§ 5,] [D 6.]
Badger,
on fugitive slave bill, [§ 31.]
Bahamas,
treatment of fugitives in, [§ 22,] [§ 24.]
Bass,
aids S. Northrup, [§ 38.]
Batchelder, James,
death of, [§ 55.]
Bath,
escape from, [D 56]
Bell, Governor.
See [Ohio.]
Benton Resolution, [B 24.]
Bermudas,
treatment of fugitives in, [§ 24.]
Bill,
for a new fugitive slave law,
reported, [§ 17]-[§ 20,] [§ 21,] [§ 27;]
character of, 1802, [§ 19;]
principles of, 1818, [§ 19]-[§ 20;]
for amending, [§ 20;]
on Maryland resolutions, [§ 21;]
Douglas's, [C 17;]
Lovejoy's, [C 35,] [C 66;]
Wilson's, [C 42,] [C 48,] [C 54,] [C 56;]
Howe's, [C 49;]
Davis's [C 50,] [C 57;]
confiscation, [C 68,] [C 72,] [C 73,] [C 79;]
abolition, [C 62,] [C 65;]
Harris's, [C 59,] [C 67,] [C 71;]
Clark's, [C 72;]
Julian's, [C 45,] [C 76;]
emancipation, [C 73,] [C 75,] [C 78;]
repeal, [C 80;]
Stevens's, [C 80;]
Ashley's, [C 80;]
Sumner's, [C 80,] [C 83;]
Spalding's, [C 80;]
House substitute, [C 83.]
See also [Acts.]
Bingham, ——,
on Blair bill, [§ 95;]
resolutions, [§ 97,] [C 39;]
amendments, [C 58,] [C 67.]
Black Code, in the D. C.,
resolution on, [C 33;]
bill to repeal, [C 56.]
Blair, ——,
bill, [§ 95;]
Act, [C 58.]
Blake, ——,
introduces repeal bill, [§ 87.]
Boston massacre,
Attucks killed in, [§ 5.]
Boston, schooner,
case of, [§ 47,] [D 21.]
Boucher, Rev. John,
on Washington's education, [§ 1.]
Bound servants,
escape from Virginia, [§ 9.]
Bourne, ——,
appointed on committee, [§ 17.]
Bowditch, H. I.
See [Latimer Journal.]
Boyle, ——,
Brigadier General in Sherwood case, [§ 94.]
Bright, ——,
Explanatory Bill, [B 34.]
Brown,
on repeal bill, [§ 103.]
Brown, John,
in Missouri and Kansas, [§ 62;]
plan of, [§ 62;]
effect of raid, [§ 102;]
case, [D 63.]
Brown, Mary,
demands arrest of Hamlet, [§ 53.]
Browne, William,
story of escapes, [§ 9.]
Browne, William,
a runaway, [§ 66.]
Buchanan, James,
presidential message of, [§ 86,] [C 1.]
Burnett, Governor,
conference with Indians, demands slave, [§ 8.]
Burns, Anthony,
arrest and trial, [§ 55,] [D 57;]
use of court-house in his case, [§ 81.]
Butler, ——,
proposition on fugitive slave clause, [§ 15;]
on fugitive slave bill, [§ 31;]
reports fugitive slave bill, [B 30.]
Butler, General B. F.,
on "contrabands," [§ 88.]
Calhoun,
Resolution, [§ 24,] [B 20.]
California,
sanctions rendition, [§ 80.]
Calvert,
appointed on committee, made chairman, [§ 17.]
Cape May,
escapes to, [D 3.]
Carlisle,
fugitive slave case in, [§ 43.]
Cases, legal,
change in character of, [§ 33;]
classification of, [§ 33;]
principle of selection of, [§ 52.]
Certificate,
evidence for conviction, [§ 8.]
Chandler, Zachary,
introduces confiscation bill, [§ 90;]
confiscation act, [C 31.]
Chase, S. P.,
on fugitive slave law, [§ 32;]
on payments under law of 1850, [B 38;]
offers amendments, [B 30.]
Cherokees.
See [Treaty.]
Chickasaws.
See [Treaty.]
Chickasaw case, [§ 42,] [D 20.]
Christiana case, [§ 60,] [D 49;]
influence traced, [§ 60.]
Choctaws.
See [Treaty.]
Clarence, ——,
joint resolution, [C 23.]
Clark, ——,
reports confiscation bill, [§ 91;]
substitute, [§ 91;]
resolution, [B 34;]
amendments, [C 51;] [C 78;]
confiscation bill, [C 72.]
Clarke, J. F.,
quoted, [§ 51,] [§ 55,] [§ 67,] [§ 73.]
Clay, Henry,
see [Gallatin];
provision on fugitives, [§ 29;]
on Shadrach case, [§ 57,] [B 33;]
amendment, [B 30.]
Cochrane,
joint resolution, [C 2.]
Colfax, Schuyler,
resolution, [C 77.]
Collamer, ——,
amendments, [C 53,] [C 67.]
Colonial regulation,
began early, [§ 2;]
cases, [§ 1]-[§ 12;]
legislation, [Appendix A.]
Colonists,
runaway, [A 15.]
Colony,
of fugitives, [§ 66.]
Columbia,
case in, [D 15.]
Comet case, [§ 24.]
Commissioners,
of United Colonies, complain of fugitives, [§ 11;]
duty of, [§ 30.]
Committee,
for a new fugitive slave law, [§ 17;]
on the fugitive slave law, [§ 17]-[§ 21,] [§ 24;]
on Maryland resolution, [§ 21;]
to prevent outrages, [§ 45;]
conference, [ § 91;]
amendments by, [C 31,] [C 48,] [C 51;]
on judiciary, instructed, [§ 27;]
report a fugitive slave law, [§ 27.]
Compromise,
resolution affirming, [B 35;]
fugitive slave act, [C 25.]
Conferences,
between Indians and the Governor of New York, [§ 8.]
Confiscation,
of slaves of rebels, [§ 89;]
report on, [C 60;]
bill, [§ 90,] [§ 91;]
amendments, [§ 90;]
provisions extended, [§ 90,] [§ 91;]
presented, [§ 90,] [§ 91;]
act approved by President, [ § 91;]
Trumbull's, [C 30,] [C 37,] [C 52;]
Chandler's, [C 31;]
Davis's, [C 50;]
coupled with emancipation, [C 44,] [C 69,] [C 73;]
amendments to, [C 57,] [C 67,] [C 71;]
Harris's, [C 59,] [C 63,] [C 67,] [C 71;]
Clark's, [C 72;]
progress of, [C 79;]
Morrill's joint resolution, [C 40.]
Congress,
action of, from 1847 to 1850, [§ 27.]
Connecticut,
legislation in, [§ 4;]
in the New England confederation, [§ 8;]
offers reward, [§ 8;]
emancipation in, [§ 14;]
Personal Liberty Laws in, [§ 78,] [§ 79,] [§ 82;]
servants in, [A 9;]
against runaways, [A 67,] [A 78,] [A 79.]
Constitution,
fugitive slave clause in, [§ 16,] [B 7;]
defended slavery, [§ 16;]
amendments proposed, [C 22.]
Constitutional Convention,
fugitive question in, [§ 15.]
Contrabands,
origin of term, [§ 88.]
Convention,
in Treaty of Ghent, [§ 22.]
See also [Constitutional Convention.]
Conviction of a fugitive,
evidence necessary, [§ 18.]
Cooledge, N.,
in Latimer case, [ § 44.]
Court,
Commissioners, how chosen, [§ 30.]
See also [Conviction,] [Trials.]
Court-house
assaulted, [§ 58.]
Cowden, Colonel,
in Wisdom case, [§ 94.]
Cox, ——,
resolution, [C 5;]
on repeal bill, [§ 102.]
Crafts, William and Lucy,
escape of, [§ 69,] [D 41.]
Creek Indians,
escapes to, [§ 8;]
treaty with, [§ 22;]
restoration clause in treaty, [B 11.]
Creole, case of, [§ 24.]
Crittenden,
joint resolution, [C 13,] [C 24.]
Curtis, Commissioner, [§ 54.]
Curtis, Judge,
trial of, [§ 55.]
Dagget amendment, [§ 19,] [B 14.]
Dana, R. H.,
defends Burns, [§ 55;]
Daniel,
offered for sale, [§ 66.]
Davis,
amendment, [B 30;]
bill, [C 50;]
substitute bill, [C 57;]
amendments, [C 58.]
Davis, Charles G.,
in Shadrach case, [§ 57.]
Dayton amendment, [B 30.]
Debate,
on fugitive slave clause in the constitution, [§ 15;]
on fugitive slave bill, [§ 17]-[§ 19;]
on the slave trade, [ § 19;]
on the fugitive slave act, [§ 19,] [§ 20;]
on the admission of Missouri, [§ 21;]
on slavery in the D. C., [§ 28;]
on the fugitive slave law of 1850, [§ 31,] [§ 32.]
De Bere, John,
in Shadrach case, [§ 57.]
Delaware,
regulation of servants and slaves, [A 70.]
Delawares,
fugitive slave clause in treaty, [B 1.]
Diggs, S. T. P.,
in Anderson case, [§ 23.]
Dismal Swamp,
refuge for fugitive, [§ 66.]
District of Columbia,
slavery in, [§ 28;]
repeal of jail laws in, [§ 97,] [§ 98;]
Grimes's bill, [§ 97,] [§ 98;]
debate on abolition of slavery in, [§ 98;]
resolution on repeal of the Black Code in, [C 33;]
bill for emancipation in, [C 42];
act on criminal justice in, [C 51;]
bill, [C 54;]
bill to repeal Black Code in, [C 56;]
bill for the abolition of slavery in, [C 62,] [C 65.]
Drayton, ——, Captain,
aids fugitives, [§ 50.]
Drayton and Sayres,
case of, [§ 50,] [D 40.]
Douglass, Frederick,
method of escape, [§ 68,] [§ 75,] [D 23.]
Douglas, Stephen A.,
joint resolution, [C 14.]
Dutch Colonies,
along the coast, [§ 1;]
regulations on fugitives, [§ 2,] [§ 4;]
legislation in, [§ 6.]
See also [New Amsterdam,] [New Netherlands.]
East Jersey,
against fugitives, [§ 2,] [A 41;]
against runaways, [A 45.]
Eldridge, Captain, of brig Chickasaw, [§ 42.]
Eliot, ——,
introduces confiscation bill, [§ 91;]
bill, [C 69]
substitute bill, [C 78.]
Elton, Governor,
action in fugitive slave case, [§ 11.]
Emancipation,
in Great Britain, [§ 24;]
resolutions on, [§ 91;]
in the District of Columbia, [C 42;]
bill, [C 75;]
coupled with confiscation, [C 44,] [C 69,] [C 73;]
of fugitives from disloyal masters, bill for, [C 78.]
Emancipation proclamation,
effect of, as a war measure, [§ 92.]
Encomium, case of, [§ 24.]
England.
See [Great Britain.]
English, ——,
joint resolution, [C 8.]
English colonies, [§ 1.]
See [Colonies.]
Enterprise, case of, [§ 24.]
Escape,
by ferries, [§ 4;]
methods of investigation of, [§ 63;]
methods of, [§ 63;]
motives for, [§ 64;]
to the woods, [§ 66;]
to the North, [§ 67;]
by laundry work, [§ 67;]
by coach, [§ 69;]
by passports, [§ 75;]
general effect of, [§ 76;]
from English to French, [D 5.]
See also [Fugitives,] [Runaways.]
Extradition,
no system of, in the colonies, [§ 9.]
False testimony,
punished, [§ 82.]
Faneuil Hall,
mass meetings in, [§ 44,] [§ 55.]
Fee,
of commissioners, [§ 30.]
Felons,
runaway apprentices, [A 4.]
Felony,
when guilty of, [§ 82.]
Ferries,
escapes by, [§ 4.]
Fessenden, ——,
requests investigation of the District of Columbia jail, [§ 97,] [C 38.]
Fitch, ——,
resolutions affirming the Compromise, [B 35.]
Florence, ——,
joint resolutions, [C 15,] [C 18.]
Florida,
escapes to, [§ 8;]
Seminole trouble in, [§ 23.]
Fortress Monroe,
contrabands at, [§ 88.]
Free negroes,
penalty for harboring fugitives, [ § 4;]
condition of, [§ 25.]
Free States,
difficulty of transporting slaves across, [ § 36.]
French colonies,
interval of unpopulated country south, [§ 1;]
refuse to return fugitives, [§ 11.]
Friendship, ship, case of, [§ 5,] [D 10.]
Frontiers,
places of refuge, [§ 23.]
Fugitive apprentices,
act applies to, [§ 18.]
See also [servants.]
Fugitives,
evidence to convict, [§ 19;]
status on the high seas, [§ 24;]
penalty for harboring, [§ 30,] [A 80;]
pursuit interfered with, [§ 41;]
length of journeys, [§ 67;]
disguised as whites, [§ 69;]
how conducted on the underground railroad, [§ 72;]
in loyal slave states, [§ 93;]
typical cases of, during the war, [§ 94;]
arrests of, by civil officers, advertisement of, [§ 96;]
entertainment of, [A 6;]
against, [A 11,] [A 12;]
resolution for the discharge of, [C 32;]
bill to prevent return of, [C 35;]
resolution against the return of, [C 43,] [C 46;]
bill on the arrest of, by army and navy officers, [C 48;]
act to prohibit return by the army, [C 58;]
resolution on the return of, by the army and navy,
bill on the return of, by the army,
resolution demanding trial by jury for, [C 61,] [C 66,] [C 77;]
bill for the emancipation of fugitives from disloyal masters, [C 78.]
See also [Runaways,] [Escapes;]
see [Table of Contents.]
Fugitive Slaves,
appeal for, [§ 19;]
status of question from 1823 to 1847, [§ 20,] [§ 23;]
resolutions on, [§ 95;]
question discussed, [§ 95;]
arrest by army officers, [§ 95;]
resolutions on the return of,
resolution on army orders on, [C 28,] [C 36;]
resolution on, [C 74;]
sources of information on,
general histories of, [E 1,] [E 3;]
secondary sources of information on,
original sources of information on,
autobiographies of,
records of trials of,
periodicals and newspapers upon, [E 3,] [E 5,] [E 6,] [E 7,] [E 11;]
materials for study of legislation upon, [E 12.]
See also [Escapes,] [Fugitives,] [Runaways,] and [Table of Contents.]
Fugitive Slave Act, first (1793), [§ 16,] [§ 17;]
first called for, [§ 17;]
necessity of the act, [§ 17;]
passed the Senate, passed the House, [§ 17;]
signed by the President, [§ 17;]
text, [B 9;]
followed earlier examples, [§ 17,] [§ 18;]
status of opinion on, [§ 17;]
remained inoperative, [§ 16,] [§ 17;]
to enforce the, [B 29.]
Fugitive Slave Act, second (1850),
attempts to secure, [§ 20,] [§ 21;]
secured, [§ 29;]
introduced by Mason, [§ 29,] [B 30;]
Webster proposes, [B 30;]
substitute offered, [B 30;]
passed Congress, [§ 29;]
necessity of, urged, [§ 31;]
arguments for, [§ 31;]
arguments against, [§ 32;]
provisions of, [§ 30;]
text of, [B 31;]
unpopularity of, [§ 51;]
no moral foundation, [§ 51;]
declared unconstitutional, [§ 85;]
non-execution of, [§ 85;]
resolution to amend, [C 45.]
Fugitive Slave Acts repealed (1864),
repeal urged, [§ 85;]
status of, [§ 100;]
early propositions, [§ 101;]
discussion, [§ 101;]
repeal bill, [§ 101;]
passed, [§ 103;]
repeal bill discussed, [§ 103;]
bill to amend, [C 25;]
repeal bills, [C 49,] [C 76,] [C 80,] [C 82;]
repeal bill passes, [§ 103;]
text of, [§ 104,] [C 83.]
Fugitive Slave Bill of 1818,
passed the House, [§ 19,] [§ 20;]
title of, [§ 20;]
failure in the Senate, [§ 21.]
Fugitive Slave Cases.
See [Table of Contents.]
Fugitive Slave Clause,
in the New England Articles of Confederation, [§ 8;]
in the Constitution, [§ 15]-[§ 16;]
in the Treaty of Ghent, [§ 22,] [B 12.]
Fugitive Slave Controversy,
educating effect of, recapitulation of, [§ 105.]
Fugitive Slave Legislation,
opposed by Northern States, [§ 25;]
inadequacy of, proved, [§ 26;]
necessity of more stringent, [§ 26;]
proposition for new, [§ 27;]
must be carried out, [§ 49;]
new element in, [§ 79;]
in 1860, [§ 85;]
resistance to, declared felony, [§ 86;]
propositions to repeal or amend, [§ 87;]
after emancipation proclamation, [§ 92.]
Gallatin, Albert,
in Treaty of Ghent, [§ 22.]
Gannett, case of, [D 44.]
Gansey, Isaac, case of, [D 24.]
"Gap Gang,"
aid kidnappers, [§ 60.]
Gardiner, ——,
commissioner in Hamlet case, [§ 53.]
Garner, Margaret,
flight and seizure, [§ 56.]
Garner, Robert,
flight and seizure, [§ 56.]
Garner, Simeon,
flight and seizure, [§ 56;]
case [D 58.]
Garrett, Thomas,
trial and fine, reward offered for, [§ 74.]
Gatchell case, [D 61.]
Georgia,
difficulty in recovery of fugitives in, [§ 8;]
Governor of, demands fugitives from justice, [ § 47.]
Gibson case, [D 45.]
Giddings
resolution, [§ 28,] [B 23,] [B 25,] [B 27,] [B 28.]
Glasgow,
freedom case in, [§ 12,] [D 7.]
Glocester,
given jurisdiction over runaways, [A 24.]
Glover case, [D 55.]
Goin case, [D 29.]
Gorsuch, Edward,
claims a fugitive, [§ 60.]
Grahame, Thomas,
in freedom case, [§ 12.]
Grayson, ——,
on fugitive slave clause, [§ 15.]
Great Britain,
status of fugitives in, [§ 12;]
diplomatic relations, [§ 12;]
encouragement of fugitives, [§ 22,] [§ 23;]
pays indemnity, [§ 24.]
See also [England.]
Great Dismal Swamp,
refuge for runaways, [§ 66.]
Grey, James B.,
demands a fugitive, [§ 44.]
Grimes,
criminal justice bill, [§ 97;]
act, [C 51;]
amendments, [C 64,] [C 74.]
Hale, ——,
resolution, [§ 95,] [C 41;]
amendment, [C 82.]
Hall, ——,
resolution, [§ 28,] [B 26.]
Hamlet, James, case, [§ 53,] [D 43.]
Hannum, Captain,
in Ottoman case, [§ 45.]
Hanway, Castner,
in Christiana case, [§ 60.]
Harlan, ——,
amendment, [C 51.]
Harris, ——,
introduces confiscation bill, [§ 91;]
confiscation bill, [C 59,] [C 67,] [C 71;]
amendment, [C 64.]
Hartford,
fugitive harbored in, [§ 11;]
treaty of, ratified, [A 14;]
controversy with New Netherlands, [D 1.]
Harvard College,
Library of, [E 2.]
Henderson
amendment, [C 82.]
Hepburne, Judge,
in Kennedy case, [§ 43.]
Higginson, T. W.,
in Burns case, [§ 55.]
Hilliard, Mrs. G. S.,
harbors a fugitive, [§ 75.]
Hillyer, ——,
finality resolution, [B 37.]
Hindman, ——,
proposition, [§ 86;]
joint resolution, [C 10.]
Holmes, ——,
on the fugitive slave bill, [§ 20.]
Howard, ——,
amendment, [C 82.]
Howe, ——,
repeal bill, 83, [C 49.]
Hubbard, ——,
on repeal bill, [§ 102;]
resolution, [C 83.]
Illinois,
no full personal liberty law in, [§ 80.]
Immigration,
into Missouri, [§ 21.]
Impeachment,
ground for, [§ 81.]
Imprisonment of a runaway, [§ 65.]
Indented Servants.
See [Servants.]
Indiana,
personal liberty law in (1824), [§ 78,] [§ 80.]
Indians,
received fugitives in the wilderness, [§ 1;]
as slaves, [§ 1;]
as slave hunters, [§ 8;]
conferences with, [§ 8;]
escapes to, [§ 9.]
See [Chickasaws,] [Choctaws,] [Creeks,] [Delawares,] [Seminoles.]
Intercolonial cases,
early agreements as to fugitives, [§ 1,] [§ 2;]
agreement between the Dutch and English, [§ 8;]
difficulty of arranging regulations, [§ 8;]
first contained in Articles of Confederation, [§ 8;]
dependent upon intercolonial feeling, [§ 9;]
case of escape of slaves, [§ 11.]
Interferences and rescues, [§ 41.]
International cases,
earliest, [§ 11;]
relations unsettled, [§ 10;]
regulations under the Articles of Confederation, [§ 13.]
Interstate relations,
affected by Prigg decision, [§ 46.]
Iowa,
personal liberty laws in, [§ 80.]
Iredell,
on fugitive slave clause, [§ 15.]
Isaac, case of, [§ 47,] [D 24.]
Jackson, ——,
resolution, [B 36.]
Jager, Cornelis Herperts de,
escape of servants of, [§ 7.]
Jail,
in the District of Columbia,
resolution on, [§ 97;]
denied to fugitives, [§ 97,] [B 27,] [28.]
See [District of Columbia.]
Jails,
State,
not to be used, [§ 44;]
denied to fugitives, [§ 57;]
denial constitutional, [§ 83;]
use forbidden, [§ 82;]
See also [Personal Liberty Bill.]
Jefferson, Thomas,
proposition, [§ 14.]
Johnson,
joint resolution, [C 12,] [C 27;]
amendment, [C 83.]
Johnson Case, [D 60.]
Johnston,
on committee, [§ 17.]
Jones, George, case, [§ 37,] [D 19.]
Julian, George W.,
repeal bills, [§ 101,] [C 76,] [C 80;]
resolution, [C 45.]
Jury trial,
not admitted, [§ 8;]
disuse of, [§ 78.]
Kansas,
personal liberty laws in, [§ 80,] [ § 82.]
Kellogg, ——,
joint resolution, [C 19,] [C 20,] [C 21.]
Kentucky,
resolutions, [§ 23;]
petition of Legislature, [§ 27;]
demands extradition of abettors of fugitives, [§ 48;]
controversy with Ohio, [D 37.]
Kidnapping,
suggests new fugitive slave law, [§ 17;]
from 1793 to 1850, [§ 25;]
in border States, [§ 25;]
character of cases, [ § 36;]
enlists sympathy, [§ 71;]
regulations against, [§ 99.]
Kilgore,
resolution, [§ 87,] [C 11.]
King, ——,
on repeal bill, [§ 102.]
Kirk case, [D 33.]
Kline, Marshal,
demands assistance, [§ 60.]
L'Amistad case, [§ 24.]
Latimer, George,
case of, [§ 44,] [D 28;]
effect, [§ 81;]
daily journal, [§ 44.]
Leake, ——,
joint resolution, [C 9.]
Le Screux,
slave on, [§ 11.]
Lewis case, [D 54.]
Lewis, Elijah,
prosecution of, [§ 60,] [D 49.]
Liberator,
kidnapping case in, [§ 99.]
See Newspapers.
Liberty,
love of, by slaves, [§ 64.]
Liberty Party,
convention of, [§ 58.]
Libraries,
use of, [E 2.]
Lincoln, President,
preliminary proclamation, [§ 92;]
final emancipation proclamation, [§ 92.]
List,
counsel in Shadrach case, [§ 57.]
Loring, Ellis Gray,
in Shadrach case, [§ 57;]
Crafts taken to house of, [§ 69.]
Louisiana,
escape of slaves from, [§ 21.]
Lovejoy,
bills, [§ 95;] [C 35,] [C 66;]
resolutions, [C 29,] [C 44;]
amendment, [C 38.]
Madison,
on fugitive slave clause, [§ 15.]
Maine, Governor of,
refuses to surrender fugitives from justice, [§ 47;]
personal liberty law in, [§ 82.]
Malbronne, Ensign de,
loses servant, [§ 11.]
Mallory, ——,
on Blair bill, [§ 95;]
on repeal, [§ 102.]
Manhattan,
escape to, [§ 7,] [D 2.]
Mansfield, Lord.
See [Somersett case.]
Market women,
on Underground Railroad, [§ 75.]
Maryland,
regulations on fugitives, [§ 2,] [§ 3;]
offers reward, [§ 8;]
letter from, to New Netherlands, [§ 11;]
fugitives escape from, [§ 11;]
resolution, [§ 21;]
resolutions debated, [§ 21,] [B 18;]
offers reward for Thomas Garrett, [§ 74;]
regulations against runaways, [A 4,] [A 11,] [12,] [A 26,] [A 28,] [A 31,] [A 38,] [A 40.]
Mason, of Massachusetts,
on the fugitive slave bill, [§ 20.]
Mason, of Virginia,
fugitive slave bill, [§ 29,] [B 30;]
amendment, [§ 29;]
argument, [§ 31.]
Massachusetts Bay,
regulation against transportation of apprentices and servants, [A 63;]
on the capture of servants in, [A 2;]
regulation of free negroes, [A 53.]
Massachusetts Colony,
first law as to fugitives, [§ 4;]
in the New England Confederation, [§ 8;]
emancipation in, [§ 14;]
first fugitive slave case in, [§ 34.]
Massachusetts State,
Governor of, advised, [§ 81;]
personal liberty law, [§ 79,] [§ 80,] [§ 81;]
no recovery of fugitives in, [§ 85.]
May, S. J.,
in "Jerry" case, [§ 58.]
McClernand, ——, [C 9.]
McHenry, "Jerry," case, [§ 58,] [D 51.]
McLanahan, ——,
resolution, [B 32.]
Meade, ——,
proposition, [§ 27;]
resolution, [B 29.]
Meionaon,
mass meetings in, [§ 55.]
Merrill, Amos B.,
in Latimer case, [§ 44.]
Mexico,
as a place of refuge, [§ 23.]
Michigan,
personal liberty laws in, [§ 80,] [§ 82;]
Miller,
in kidnapping case, [§ 61,] [D 50.]
Miner, Jo,
advertisement of, [§ 96.]
Minnesota,
personal liberty law in, [§ 80.]
Missouri,
admission of, [§ 21;]
Anderson case in, [§ 23;]
Governor of, offers reward for John Brown, [§ 62.]
Missouri Compromise,
fugitive slave clause in, [§ 21,] [B 16;]
period of, [§ 21.]
Mob,
provisions against, [§ 30.]
Morgan, Margaret.
See [Prigg Case.]
Morrill, ——,
resolution, [C 40.]
Morris, cutter,
in Burns case, [§ 55.]
Morris, ——,
substitute reported, [§ 101;]
on repeal bill, [§ 102;]
resolution, [C 3;]
joint resolution, [C 16.]
Morris, John B.,
demands a fugitive slave, [§ 42.]
"Moses."
See [Harriet Tubman.]
Murray, ——,
motion, [§ 19.]
Nalle case, [D 64.]
Nassau,
fugitives in, [§ 24.]
Negroes,
ignorance of, [§ 67;]
regulation of, [A 65;]
against escape of, [A 78;]
petition of a soldier, [§ 19;]
free, how affected, [§ 20;]
regulation of, [A 53.]
See also [Fugitives.]
New Amsterdam,
escape of servants from, [§ 7;]
trial at, [§ 9.]
See also [New Netherlands.]
New England,
regulations as to fugitives, [§ 4.]
New England Confederation,
composition of, [§ 8;]
articles of, [A 8.]
New Hampshire,
legislation in, [§ 4,] [A 61;]
personal liberty laws in, [§ 80,] [§ 82;]
New Haven,
in the New England Confederation, [§ 8.]
New Jersey,
regulations on fugitives, [§ 3,] [A 32,] [A 39,] [A 42;]
sanctions rendition, [§ 80;]
slaves, [A 55;]
white servants, [A 56.]
New Netherlands,
legislation in, [§ 4;]
on fugitive slave cases, [§ 11;]
regulations against runaways, [A 1,] [A 3,] [A 5,] [A 10,] [A 14,] [A 19;]
Quakers, [A 29;]
controversy with Hartford, [D 1.]
See also [Dutch Colonies.]
New York,
regulation on fugitives, [§ 8,] [A 50,] [A 51,] [A 59;]
Governor of, in Solomon Northrup case, [§ 38;]
refusal to return abettors of fugitives, [§ 47;]
personal liberty laws, [§ 80,] [§ 82,] [§ 83;]
slaves, [A 49;]
prevention of insurrections, [A 68;]
kidnapping in, [§ 99.]
Niblack, ——,
resolution, [C 7.]
Nicholson,
on committee, [§ 19.]
Norfolk,
kidnapping cases in, [§ 99,] [D 68.]
Oberlin-Wellington,
rescue, [§ 59,] [D 62.]
Officers,
return of fugitives by army and navy, [C 53.]
Ohio,
fugitives protected in, [§ 21;]
refusal to return abettors of fugitives, [§ 48;]
personal liberty law, [§ 80,] [§ 82.]
Olmsted, F. L.,
quoted, [§ 65.]
"Omnibus Bill,"
fugitive slave provision in, [§ 29.]
Ordinance of 1787,
for the Northwest Territory, [§ 14,] [§ 15;]
confirmed, [§ 16.]
Parker, Theodore,
speaks on Burns' case, [§ 55;]
indicted for riot, [§ 55;]
protects William and Lucy Crafts, [§ 69.]
Parker, William,
in Christiana case, [§ 60.]
Pass,
necessity of, [§ 65.]
Patrols,
duty of, [§ 65.]
Patroons,
runaways from, [A 1.]
Peace Convention,
amendment, [C 22.]
Pearl,
carries fugitives, [§ 50.]
Penalties
for escape, [§ 30;]
for violating personal liberty laws, [§ 80.]
Pennsylvania,
emancipation in, [§ 14;]
Governor of, in "John" case, [§ 17;]
act of, reported, [§ 21,] [B 17;]
fugitives abetted in, [§ 21;]
personal liberty laws in, [§ 80,] [§ 82;]
regulation of servants, [A 48;]
regulation of negroes, [A 65;]
harboring of fugitives, [A 80;]
case in, [D 46.]
Pennsylvania Society for the Abolition of Slavery,
efforts in behalf of "John," [§ 17;]
petition of, [§ 20;]
efforts of, [§ 25.]
Pensacola,
Walker embarks from, [§ 50.]
Personal Liberty Laws,
passed, [§ 25;]
character of, [§ 77;]
before the Prigg decision, [§ 78;]
between the Prigg decision and the Second Fugitive Slave Law, [§ 79;]
occasioned by the law of 1850, [§ 80;]
change in character, [§ 80;]
table of, [§ 80;]
distribution among States, [§ 80;]
report on, [§ 81;]
effect of, [§ 83,] [§ 105;]
constitutionality of, [§ 83;,]
obstruction by, [§ 85;]
repeal urged, [§ 85;]
resolution against, [§ 86;]
Saulsbury substitute on, [C 81.]
Petition
of North Carolina negroes, [§ 19;]
of free negroes, [§ 19;]
of a free colored soldier, [§ 19;]
of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, [§ 20;]
from the Kentucky Legislature, [§ 27;]
to remove jailer and sheriff in Latimer case, [§ 44;]
for an amendment to the Constitution, [§ 44;]
for a new personal liberty law, [§ 81.]
Philadelphia,
constitutional convention sits in, [§ 15;]
attempted rescue in, [§ 43,] [D 22.]
Phillips, Wendell,
speeches on Latimer case, [§ 44;]
addresses mass meeting, [§ 55;]
speaks on Burns' case, [§ 55;]
indicted for riot, [§ 55.]
Pierce, Franklin, President,
sends executive message, [§ 57;]
issues proclamation, [§ 57.]
Pindall,
on revision of the fugitive slave act, [§ 20;]
made chairman of committee, [§ 20;]
amendatory bill, [B 10.]
Pine Grove Plantation,
probable refuge, [§ 66.]
Pinckney, Gen. C. C.,
on the fugitive slave clause, [§ 15.]
Plymouth,
in the New England Confederation, [§ 8.]
Pomeroy, ——,
on confiscation bill, [§ 91;]
Porter, ——,
amendment, [C 67.]
Potter, R. J.,
advertisement by, [§ 96.]
Powell, ——,
on District of Columbia jail, [§ 97,]
joint resolution, [C 28;]
amendment, [C 51.]
Pratt, ——,
amendment, [B 30.]
Priggs vs. Pennsylvania case, [§ 25,] [D 18;]
consequences of, [§ 79;]
extracts from, [B 22.]
Proclamation,
by West India Company, [§ 11;]
on Shadrach case, [§ 57;]
emancipation, [§ 91.]
Prosecutions,
carried on, [§ 49;]
after "Jerry" rescue, [§ 58;]
of Oberlin-Wellington rescuers, [§ 59;]
of Wendell Phillips, [§ 55.]
Protection papers,
use of, [§ 68.]
Pugh, George H.,
joint resolution, [C 26.]
Purrington, brig William, [D 39.]
Purvis, Robert,
connection with Underground Railroad, [§ 75.]
Quakers,
arrange station on the Underground Railroad, [§ 71;]
fugitives hidden by, [§ 72;]
refused admission to New Netherlands, [A 29.]
Quincy, Josiah,
account of first fugitive slave case in the North, [§ 34,] [D 12.]
Raids,
upon plantations, [§ 66.]
Rantoul, Robert, Jr.,
in Sims case, [§ 54.]
Read, ——,
on committee, [§ 17.]
Redemptioners,
described, [§ 1;]
cases of, [§ 1;]
case of running away with negroes, [§ 3.]
Refuge,
place of, [§ 66.]
Rendition,
a duty, [§ 8.]
See also [Fugitives.]
Rescue,
first case of, [§ 34.]
Resolution,
by Maryland Legislature, [§ 21;]
on relations with Canada, [§ 23;]
Kentucky, [§ 23;]
on fugitives on the high seas, [§ 24;]
Giddings, [§ 28;]
against the return of Latimer, [§ 44;]
to base representation on free persons, [§ 44;]
Georgia Legislature, [§ 47;]
on arrests by army officers, [§ 95;]
Fitch, [B 35;]
Jackson, [B 36;]
Hillyer, [B 37;]
Chase, [B 38;]
Cochrane's joint, [C 2;]
Morris, [C 3;]
Leake, [C 4;]
Cox, [C 5;]
Stevenson, [C 6;]
Niblack, [C 7;]
English joint, [C 8;]
McClernand joint, [C 9;]
Hindman, [C 10;]
Kilgore, [C 11;]
Johnson's joint, [C 12,] [27;]
Crittenden's joint, [C 13;]
Douglas's joint, [C 14;]
Florence, [C 15,] [C 18;]
Morris's joint, [C 16;]
Kellogg's joint, [C 19,] [C 20,] [C 21;]
Clarence's joint, [C 23;]
Crittenden's joint, [C 24;]
Pugh's joint, [C 26;]
Powell's joint, [C 28;]
Lovejoy's, [C 29;]
Wilson's, [C 32,] [C 33,] [C 47,] [C 55,] [C 61;]
Clark, [C 34;]
Sumner, [C 36;]
Fessenden, [C 38;]
Bingham, [C 39;]
Morrill's confiscation joint, [C 40;]
Hale, [C 41;]
Sumner, [C 43,] [C 74;]
Lovejoy, [C 44;]
Julian, [C 45;]
Shank, [C 46;]
Colfax, [C 77;]
Hubbard's repeal, [C 83.]
Revolution,
did not change condition of slave, [§ 14.]
Reward,
offered by Missouri, [ § 62;]
by United States, [§ 62;]
by colonies, [§ 8.]
Rhode Island legislation, [§ 4;]
emancipation, [§ 14;]
personal liberty law, [§ 79,] [§ 80,] [§ 82;]
regulation of ferries in, [A 57.]
Rice, ——,
amendment, [C 53.]
Rice, John,
kidnapped, [§ 59.]
Rich,
on the fugitive slave bill, [§ 20.]
Riker, Richard,
in Jones case, [§ 37.]
Riley, ——, United States commissioner, [§ 57.]
Rotch,
aids escape, [§ 5.]
Runaways,
regulations against, [§ 6,] [§ 8;]
easily regulated, [§ 8;]
the habitual, [§ 66;]
methods pursued, [§ 67;]
harboring upon a ship, [§ 67;]
regulations against, [A 1,] [A 3,] [A 4,] [A 7,] [A 17,] [A 24,] [A 25,] [A 27,] [A 31,] [A 33,] [A 40,] [A 52,] [A 61,] [A 67;]
entertainment of, [A 10,] [A 16,] [A 29,] [A 37,] [A 73;]
second offence, how punished, [A 13;]
hue and cry after, [A 18;]
from the Dutch, [A 21;]
apprehension of, [A 22;]
English, [A 23;]
in Glocester, [A 24;]
apprehension of, [A 35,] [A 38;]
capture rewarded, [A 37;]
prevention of, [A 42;]
to Canada, [A 50;]
trade with, inhibited, [A 47;]
against ferriage of, [A 57,] [A 74;]
minor, [A 61;]
pursuit of, [A 79.]
Russia, Emperor of,
arbitration by, [§ 22.]
Saulsbury,
amendments, [C 51,] [C 53,] [C 58,] [C 70,] [C 81,] [C 82,] [C 83.]
Savannah Georgian,
advertisement in, [§ 66.]
Secrecy,
observed by fugitives, [§ 75.]
Sedgwick, ——,
on committee, [§ 17.]
Seizure,
of North Carolina negroes, [§ 19.]
See also [Arrest,] [Kidnapping] Cases.
Seminoles,
steal slaves, [§ 22;]
trouble, [§ 23;]
United States claims on, [B 19.]
Sergeant, ——,
on the fugitive slave bill, [§ 20.]
Servants,
English, [A 25,] [A 28;]
an act concerning, [A 60;]
regulation of, [A 56,] [A 70,] [A 71;]
fugitive, [A 9,] [A 19,] [A 21,] [A 32,] [A 39,] [A 41,] [A 45,] [A 67,] [A 78;]
how to know a, [A 20.]
See also [Fugitives,] [Runaways.]
Sewall, Samuel E.,
counsels fugitives, [§ 44,] [§ 57.]
Seward, W. H.,
amendments, [§ 29,] [B 30.]
Shadrach,
case, [§ 57;]
personal liberty laws tested, [§ 81;]
Clay's resolution on, [B 33;]
case, [D 48.]
Shank, ——,
resolution, [C 46.]
Shanley vs. Haney case, [D 8.]
Shaw, Chief Justice,
in Latimer case, [§ 44.]
Shell, O. P.,
advertises a runaway, [§ 65.]
Sheriff,
power of, [§ 30.]
Sherman, John,
amendments, [§ 103], [C 82.]
Sherman, Roger,
on the fugitive slave clause, [§ 15;]
on committee, [§ 17.]
Sherwood, Major,
case of servant of, [§ 94,] [D 67.]
Ship,
refuge for runaways, [§ 67;]
slave on Brazilian, [D 36.]
Ship-masters, Dutch,
rewarded, [A 21.]
Sims, Thomas M.,
case, [§ 54;]
brigade, § [54;]
court-house used as jail, [§ 81;]
case, [D 47.]
Slaves,
conditions of life, [§ 65;]
Mother's Farewell, extract from, [§ 64;]
stealing of, [A 77;]
abolition of trade in, [§ 20;]
status of, in England, [§ 22;]
question of damages, [§ 30;]
must wear livery, [§ 65;]
new conditions surround, [§ 88;]
regulation of, [A 49,] [A 54,] [A 55,] [A 60,] [A 64,] [A 67,] [A 70,] [A 71,] [A 72;]
extradition of, [B 21;]
status on the high seas, [B 20,] [B 23;]
of the Dutch, escape to the English, [§ 8;]
escape to the forest, [§ 8;]
of rebels, resolutions on, [§ 88;]
bill to free, [C 52.]
Slaveholder,
demand for legislation, [§ 15;]
basis of, argued, [§ 16;]
complaints of, [§ 19.]
Slave-hunters,
how received, [§ 72;]
insurrections to prevent, [A 68.]
Slavery,
condition in the colonies, [§ 11;]
interests advanced, [§ 16;]
justification of, [§ 16;]
extinction of, [§ 33;]
attacked in Congress, [§ 89;]
abolition in the District of Columbia, [§ 98,] [C 62,] [C 65;]
studies of the institution of, [E 3;]
studies of colonial, [E 3;]
speeches upon, [E 8.]
Smith, ——,
on fugitive slave law, [§ 20.]
Smith, Gerrit,
in Anderson case, [§ 23;]
in "Jerry" rescue, [§ 58.]
Smithburg case, [D 32.]
Society for the Abolition of Slavery.
See [Pennsylvania.]
Somersett case, [ § 12,] [D 9.]
Soulé, ——,
on the fugitive slave bill, [§ 31.]
South Bend Case, [D 38.]
South Carolina,
regulations on fugitives, [§ 2,] [§ 3;]
difficulty in recovering fugitives, [§ 8;]
constitutional convention in, [§ 15;]
regulations against runaways, [A 43,] [A 47,] [A 58,] [A 62,] [A 64;]
regulation of slaves, [A 54,] [A 64,] [A 69,] [A 77.]
Southern States,
complain of Underground Railroad, [§ 76.]
Spalding, ——,
repeal bill, [§ 101,] [C 80.]
Spanish colonies,
interval of unpopulated country south, [§ 1.]
Sprague, E., [§ 55.]
State Jails.
See [Jails.]
State Officers,
power discussed, [§ 19,] [§ 20;]
forfeiture of office, [§ 81;]
forbidden to act, [§ 79,] [§ 81.]
St. Augustine,
escapes to, [§ 8.]
St. Luc, Sieur de la Corne,
negro servant of, [§ 11.]
Staunton, General,
in Sherwood case, [§ 94.]
Stevens, ——,
repeal bill, [§ 101,] [C 80;]
motion of, [B 30.]
Stevenson, ——,
resolution, [C 6.]
Stewart, ——.
See [Somersett Case.]
Story, Justice,
decision in Prigg case, [§ 25.]
Stuyvesant, Governor,
in fugitive slave case, [§ 11.]
Sumner, Charles,
in Drayton case, [§ 50;]
resolutions, [§ 95;]
repeal bills, [§ 101,] [§ 102,] [C 80;]
resolutions, [C 36,] [C 43,] [C 74;]
amendment, [C 57.]
Suttle, Charles F.,
in Burns case, [§ 55.]
Swain, John,
suit for slave, [§ 5.]
Swamps,
as a refuge, [§ 66.]
Swan, Captain,
in Wisdom case, [§ 94.]
Swedish colonies,
along the coast, [§ 1;]
regulations on fugitives, [§ 2.]
Syracuse, "Jerry" rescue in, [§ 58.]
Taylor, ——, on committee, [§ 17.]
Ten Eyck, ——,
amendment, [C 51;]
report of, [C 80.]
Thomas case, [D 30.]
Thompson, ——, case, [D 27.]
Treaty,
of Hartford, fugitive slave clause in, [A 14;]
of 1783, [B 2;]
with Indian tribes, [§ 13,] [§ 16,] [§ 17,] [§ 22,] [B 1,] [B 3,] [B 5,] [B 8,] [B 11,] [B 12,] [B 19;]
of Ghent, [§ 22,] [B 12;]
proposed with Great Britain, [§ 23.]
Tremont Temple,
mass meetings in, [§ 54.]
Trial, by jury,
not admitted, in first act, [§ 19;]
objected to, [§ 20;]
denied, [§ 30;]
proposed, [§ 87;]
resolution demanding, [C 77.]
Trumbull,
confiscation bill, [§ 91,] [C 30,] [C 37;]
bill, [C 52;]
amendments, [C 31,] [C 57,] [C 78.]
Tubman, Harriet,
account of, [§ 73.]
Tukey, Marshal,
in Sims case, [§ 54.]
Turc,
escape of, [§ 9.]
Underground Railroad,
beginnings of, [§ 25;]
how regarded by the South, [§ 31;]
methods south of the Ohio, [§ 56;]
use of, by John Brown, [§ 62;]
incident at, [§ 64;]
description of, [§ 70;]
rise and growth, [§ 71;]
stations on, described, [§ 72;]
methods pursued, [§ 72;]
extent of system, [§ 71;]
origin of name, [§ 71;]
in the South, [§ 72;]
in the North, [§ 72;]
colored agents on, [§ 72, ] [§ 73;]
prosecution of agents, [§ 74;]
formal organization, [§ 75;]
market women as helpers, [§ 75.]
Underwood, ——,
amendment, [B 30.]
United Colonies,
treaty with New Netherlands, [A 14.]
United States,
reward offered for John Brown, [§ 62;]
in Seminole trouble, [§ 22;]
in Anderson case, [§ 23.]
See also [Acts,] [Bills,] [Fugitives,] [Resolutions,] [Runaways.]
United States Hotel,
slave hunters at, [§ 69.]
Vallandigham, C. L.,
amendment, [C 25.]
Van Zandt,
aids fugitive, [§ 50,] [D 25.]
Vermont,
personal liberty laws in, [§ 79,] [§ 80,] [§ 82;]
Vigilance committee
organized, [§ 41;]
in "Jerry" rescue, [§ 58.]
Villeinage,
ceased in England, [§ 12.]
Virginia,
regulations on fugitives, [§ 3;]
rewards the recovery of a fugitive, [§ 8;]
slaves escape, [§ 8;]
constitutional convention in, [§ 15;]
Governor of, action in "John" case, [§ 17;]
demands arrest of abettors of a fugitive, [§ 47;]
regulation against the entertainment of fugitives, [A 6;]
regulations against runaways, [A 7,] [A 13,] [A 16,] [A 17,] [A 18,] [A 20,] [A 22,] [A 25,] [A 27,] [A 30,] [A 33,] [A 35,] [A 37,] [A 52;]
reward for the capture of runaways, [A 21,] [A 36;]
on English runaways, [A 22;]
in county of Glocester, [A 24;]
repeal law, [A 44;]
amends law, [A 48;]
amended, [A 66;]
against ferriage of runaways, [A 74.]
Walker, Jonathan,
aids fugitives, [§ 50,] [D 31.]
Walton, ——,
amendment, [C 67,] [C 74.]
Washington, President,
asks for the return of a fugitive, [§ 35,] [D 13.]
Washington case, [§ 39,] [D 42.]
Washington, jail,
resolutions on, [C 32,] [C 34,] [C 38,] [C 39,] [C 55.]
See also [Jail.]
Webster, Daniel,
in Creole case, [§ 24;]
introduces bill, [B 30.]
Wellington.
See [Oberlin-Wellington.]
West India Company,
regulation of, [§ 2;]
execution of regulation [§ 7;]
ordinance of, [A 1.]
Whipping,
motive for flight, [§ 64.]
Whipple, ——,
in kidnapping case, [§ 35.]
White, ——,
on committee, [§ 17.]
White slaves.
See [Redemptioners,] [Servants.]
Whitman, ——,
on the fugitive slave bill [§ 19,] [§ 20.]
Williams case, [D 17.]
Williamson case, [D 59.]
Wilkins, Frederick.
See [Shadrach.]
Wilson, ——,
on Butler's proposition, [§ 15.]
Wilson, Henry,
on confiscation, [§ 90;]
bills, [§ 98,] [C 42,] [C 48,] [C 54,] [C 56;]
resolutions, [ § 95,] [§ 97,] [C 32,] [C 33,] [C 47,] [C 55,] [C 61;]
amendment, [C 71.]
Winthrop, ——,
amendment, [B 30.]
Winthrop, Governor John,
in fugitive slave case, [§ 11.]
Wisconsin,
personal liberty laws in, [§ 80,] [§ 82;]
Supreme Court decision, [§ 85.]
Woodbridge resolutions, [§ 23,] [B 21].
Woods,
as a refuge, [§ 1,] [§ 66.]
Wright, ——,
presents Maryland Resolution, [§ 21.]
Writ,
of habeas corpus, in Somersett case, [§ 12;]
allowed, [§ 20;]
advisability of, [§ 19,] [§ 20;]
refused, [§ 23;]
issued, [§ 42;]
of personal replevin, sworn out, [§ 44.]
Yulee,
on the fugitive slave law, [§ 31.]
FOOTNOTES.
Footnotes Chapter I.
[1] Hurd, Law of Freedom and Bondage, I. 295.
[2] Nation, April 18, 1889.
[4] N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, XIII. 211.
[6] Hurd, Law of Freedom and Bondage, I. 295.
[7] The texts will be found post, Appendix [A.]
[11] Iredell, 90; Appendix A, No. [73.]
[12] Maryland Archives, II. 224.
[15] Appendix A, No. [57;] Appendix D, No. [6.]
[16] Boston Gazette, Jan. 1, 1770.
[17] Boston Gazette, Oct. 2, 1750; G. W. Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, I. 330.
[18] Liberator, March 16, 1860.
[19] W. C. Nell's Address at the Nineteenth Anniversary of Boston Massacre.
[20] Moore, Slavery in Massachusetts, 117.
[21] Appendix A, No. [3;] Appendix D, No. [10.]
[23] N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, XIII. 238; Letter from Jacob Aldrich to Director Stuyvesant of New Netherlands, New Amstel, 14 May, 1659; Documentary History of N. Y. Colony, II. 556; Appendix D, No. [2.]
[24] Appendix A, No. [8,] Gilman, History of the American People, 605.
[25] N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, I. 342; Doyle, English in America, I. 391.
[26] Maryland Archives, II. 523.
[28] Acts and Laws of Connecticut, 229.
[29] N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, V. 637; Appendix D, No. [4.]
[30] N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, V. 793.
[31] Appendix A, Nos. [50,] [59.]
[32] Giddings, Exiles of Florida, 281; Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America, I. 122.
[34] Letter from William Beekman to Director Stuyvesant, in N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, XIII. 346; Appendix D, No. [3.]
[35] N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, XIII. 346.
[36] Moore, Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts, 28; Doyle, English in America, I. 391; compare Appendix A, No. [14.]
[37] John Winthrop, History of New England from 1630 to 1649, p. 383; Appendix D, No. [1.]
[38] Archives of Maryland, Proceedings of Council, 1636-1667, pp. 134, 135.
[39] Archives of Maryland, Proceedings of Council, III. 472.
[40] Letter from M. de la Jonquière to M. de Rouillé, in N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, X. 209; Appendix D, No. [5.]
[41] Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, Third Series, IX. 2; Appendix D, No. [7.]
[42] J. Quincy, Reports of Cases, 96; Appendix D, No. [8.]
[43] Moore, Slavery in Massachusetts, 117; T. R. Cobb, Historical Sketch of Slavery, 2, Law of Negro Slavery, 164; Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, Third Series, IX. 2; Josiah Quincy, Reports of Cases, 96; Hurd, Law of Freedom and Bondage, II.
[45] Appendix B, Nos. [3,] [5.]
[48] Randall, Jefferson, I. 397-400; Winsor, VII. 528; Journals of Congress, IX. 153-156.
[49] Appendix B, No. [4;] Journals of Congress, X. 79; Bancroft, History of the U. S. (last rev.), VI. 132-134; Bancroft, Constitution, I. 178-180; Hildreth, III. 458.
[50] Appendix B, No. [6.] On the Northwest Ordinance in general, see Winsor, VII. 538; J. H. Merriam, Legislative History of the Ordinance of 1787 (Worcester, 1888); Lalor's Cyclopædia, III. 30-34.
[51] Elliot's Debates, V. 487.
[52] Ibid., V. 487.
[54] Elliot's Debates, III. 277.
[55] Ibid., III. 182.
[56] Ibid., III. 401.
[57] Ibid., III. 428.
[58] Ibid., III. 335.
Footnotes Chapter II.
[59] Statutes at Large, I. 50.
[61] Cong. Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., Appendix, 1585; Annals of Cong., 2 Cong. 1 Sess., H. of R., 147.
[62] State Papers, Miscellaneous, I. 39-43.
[63] House Journal, 2 Cong. 1 Sess., 444; Annals of Cong., 148.
[64] House Journal, 2 Cong. 1 Sess., 454; Annals of Cong., 179.
[65] Senate Journal, 170; Annals, 115.
[66] 2 Cong. 2 Sess., Senate Journal, 460; Annals of Cong., 616.
[67] Senate Journal, 16; Annals, 622.
[68] Senate Journal, 25, 26; Annals, 623.
[69] Senate Journal, 28; Annals, 625.
[70] Senate Journal, 35; Annals, 630.
[71] Senate Journal, 34, 35; Annals, 630.
[72] House Journal, 105; Annals, 861.
[74] Ante, § [8;] Appendix A, No. [8.]
[76] For general discussions of the act, see Von Holst, Constitutional History, I. 309-315; Hildreth, History of the U. S., IV. 406-440; Lalor's Cyclopædia, II. 315-316; Stephens, War between the States, I. 629-636, 674; Bancroft's History of the U. S. (last revision), VI. 309, 310; Goodell, Slavery and Antislavery, 227; Curtis, History of the Constitution, II. 450-467; Hurd, Law of Freedom and Bondage, II. 142; Story, Commentaries, III. 673-678; McMaster, History of the American People, I. 508, II. 356, 357; Elliott's Debates, V. 357, 487; Schouler, History of the U. S., I. 219, 220; Tucker, History of the U. S., I. 500.
[80] Annals of Congress, 1796-97, p. 2015, and 1801-2, p. 343.
[81] House Journal, 4 Cong. 2 Sess., 65; Annals of Cong., 1741, 1767.
[82] Murray, Cooper, and Kiltera. Annals of Cong., 1767.
[83] Sedgwick, Reed, and Henry. Senate Journal, 4 Cong. 2 Sess., 39; Annals of Cong., 1528.
[85] House Journal, 6 Cong. 2 Sess., 220; Annals of Cong., 1053.
[86] Nicholson, Goddard, Holland, J. Smith (Va.), Lowndes. House Journal, 7 Cong. 1 Sess., 34; Annals of Cong., 317.
[87] House Journal, 7 Cong. 1 Sess., 45; Annals of Cong., 335.
[88] Annals of Cong., 343.
[89] House Journal, 7 Cong. 1 Sess., 125; Annals of Cong., 422, 423; Appendix B, No. [10.]
[90] House Journal, 7 Cong. 1 Sess., 125, 128; Annals of Cong., 423, 425.
[92] House Journal, 15 Cong. 1 Sess., 50, 86, 182, 186, 189, 193, 198; Annals of Cong., 446, 447, 513, 819, 829, 831, 840, 1339, 1393.
[94] Annals of Cong., 829.
[95] Annals of Cong., 838.
[96] Annals of Cong., 15 Cong. 1 Sess., 829, 830.
[97] Annals of Cong., 838.
[98] Annals of Cong., 838.
[99] Annals of Cong., 838.
[100] Annals of Cong., 838.
[103] House Journal, 15 Cong. 1 Sess., 198; Annals of Cong., 840.
[106] Senate Journal, 15 Cong. 1 Sess., 128, 135, 174, 202, 227, 228, 233; House Journal, 328; Annals of Cong., 165, 210, 259, 262, 1339.
[107] Annals of Cong., 1716.
[108] Cf. Appendix B, No. [17.]
[109] House Journal, 15 Cong. 1 Sess., 188, 191; Annals of Cong., 546, 551.
[110] Annals of Cong., 16 Cong. 1 Sess., 469, 1587.
[112] Liberator, Jan. 24, 1840 (N. Y. Evening Post).
[113] House Journal, 16 Cong. 1 Sess., 427; Annals of Cong., 1863.
[115] Senate Journal, 16 Cong. 1 Sess., 319, 326; Annals of Cong., p. 618.
[117] House Journal, 17 Cong. 1 Sess., 143; Annals of Cong., 553, 558, 710.
[118] Annals of Cong, 17 Cong. 1 Sess., 1379, 1415, 1444.
[122] Ante, § [13;] Appendix B, No. [2.]
[124] Am. State Papers, Foreign, IV. 106-126, VI. 346-354.
[125] Annals of Cong., 16 Cong. 2 Sess., 94.
[126] S. G. Howe, Refugees from Slavery in Canada, 12-14; Niles's Register, XXIII. 26, LV. 289.
[127] Appendix B, No. [21;] cf. No. [24.]
[128] Niles's Register, XXIII. 26.
[129] Liberator, Dec. 31, 1860.
[130] Pamphlets on Anderson case, Boston Public Library; Appendix D, No. [65.]
[131] Life of Gerrit Smith, 115.
[132] Liberator, Jan. 22, 1861.
[133] Von Holst, II. 312; Calhoun, III. 9, 464, 486; Senate Docs., 25 Cong. 3 Sess., No. 216.
[134] Wilson, Slave Power, I. 439-442; Congressional Globe, XIV. 50.
[135] Goodell, Slavery and Antislavery, 252, 253; Von Holst, Calhoun, 204-209.
[136] House Docs., 27 Cong. 2 Sess., V., No. 242; Congressional Globe, XIV. 50.
[137] Senate Docs., 26 Cong. 1 Sess., III., No. 11.
[138] Congressional Globe, XIV. 80, 113-118; Calhoun, III. 462; Appendix B, No. [20.]
[139] Senate Docs., 27 Cong. 1 Sess., II., No. 51.
[140] Cobbett's Case, 47; Dana's Wheaton, note 62; cf. Appendix B, No. [23.]
[141] Lawrence's Wheaton, 207, n.
[142] Von Holst, I. 321, 322; Opinions of the Attorney Generals, III. 484; 15 Peters, 518.
[143] R. Smedley, Underground Railroad, 26.
[146] Appendix B, No. [22;] 16 Peters, 957; Report of Case of Edward Prigg, Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 202; Bledsoe, Liberty and Slavery, 355; J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 69.
[148] Post, §§ [34,] [41,] [42.]
[149] Senate Journal, 30 Cong., 1 Sess., 59; Congressional Globe, 51.
[150] Senate Journal, 30 Cong., 1 Sess., 313; Congressional Globe, 722.
[151] Senate Journal, 30 Cong., 1 Sess., 313; Congressional Globe, 722.
[153] Appendix B, Nos. [25,] [27,] [28.]
[155] Appendix B, No. [30.] In this number of the Appendix is a summary of the legislative history of the measure, from the introduction of Mason's bill, Jan. 4, 1850, to the signature of the act by President Fillmore, Sept. 18, 1850, with references to the records of Congress.
[156] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., 236.
[157] Senate Journal, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., 118.
[158] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., 248; Appendix B, No. [30.] The test vote in the House stood as follows:—
| States. | For. | Against. | Not voting. | Total. |
| New England States | 7 | 15 | 10 | 32 |
| Middle States | 9 | 33 | 21 | 63 |
| Interior and Pacific States | 16 | 27 | 8 | 51 |
| — | — | — | — | |
| Total, Free States | 32 | 75 | 39 | 146 |
| Border Slave States | 32 | 0 | 6 | 38 |
| Planter States | 45 | 0 | 9 | 54 |
| — | — | — | — | |
| Total, Slave States | 77 | 0 | 15 | 92 |
| — | — | — | — | |
| Total | 109 | 75 | 54 | 238 |
[159] Appendix B, No. [30.] For general discussions of the act, see Von Holst, III. 548-557, IV. 9-12, 20-29; Wilson, Slave Power, II. 302-329; Greeley, American Conflict, I. 210-221; Cooley's Story, § 1921; Lalor's Cyclopædia, II. 315-317; Bryant and Gay, U. S., IV. 397-401.
[160] For the text of the act, see Appendix B, No. [31.]
[161] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., Appendix, 1610.
[162] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., 1583.
[163] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 2 Sess., Appendix, 1051.
[164] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 2 Sess., Appendix, 1622.
[165] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., 79.
[166] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., 78.
[167] Von Holst, III. 493.
[168] Congressional Globe, 31 Cong. 1 Sess., Appendix, 1597.
Footnotes Chapter III.
[169] Mr. Quincy also states, that "about a fortnight elapsed, when I was called upon by Rufus Green Amory, a lawyer of eminence at the Boston bar in that day, who showed me a letter from a Southern slaveholder, directing him to prosecute Josiah Quincy for the penalty under the law of 1793, for obstructing the agent of the claimant in obtaining his slave under the process established by that law. Mr. Amory felt, no less than myself, the folly of such a pretence; and I never heard from him, or from any one, anything more upon the subject of prosecution. This fact, and the universal gratification which the fact appeared to give to the public, satisfied my mind, that, unless by accident, or stealth, or in some very thin settled part of the country, the law of 1793 would be forever inoperative, as the event has proved in Massachusetts."—Meeting at Faneuil Hall to protest against the Fugitive Slave Law, letter read from Josiah Quincy, Boston Atlas, Oct. 15, 1850; Goodell, Slavery and Antislavery, 232; Appendix D, No. [12.]
[180] Appendix D, No. [28;] see post, § [81.]
[189] Liberator, Aug. 15, 1845, "The Branded Hand."
[190] Von Holst, IV. 10, 11.
[191] J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 92.
[194] Liberator, April 17, 1851.
[195] Daily Morning Chronicle, April 26, 1851.
[196] Liberator, April 17, 1851.
[198] Boston Journal, May 29, 1854.
[199] Personal statement of Mr. Elbridge Sprague, made to the writer. Col. T. W. Higginson suggests a few minor corrections in Mr. Sprague's narrative. The first person to step in was an unknown negro: the beam used was found in Court Square; none were prepared beforehand; there was but one box of axes.
[200] Boston Daily Advertiser, 1854, Worcester Spy, May 31, 1854, Argument of Mr. R. H. Dana.
[201] Liberator, Aug. 22, 1854.
[202] Von Holst, V. 64.
[204] Commonwealth, June 26, 1854.
[208] 31 Cong. 2 Sess., Senate Journal, 187; Congressional Globe, 580.
[209] Von Holst, III. 25.
[214] Sanborn, Life and Letters of John Brown, 420; Douglass, Life and Times of John Brown, 279, 282.
[215] Von Holst, John Brown, 104.
Footnotes Chapter IV.
[216] Still, Underground Railroad, 410.
[217] Ibid., 444.
[218] F. L. Olmsted, Journey in the Back Country, 49.
"Gone, gone,—sold and gone
To the rice swamp dank and lone,—
Where the slave-whip ceaseless swings,
Where the noisome insect stings,
Where the fever demon strews
Poison with the falling dews,
Where the sickly sunbeams glare
Through the hot and misty air,—
Gone, gone,—sold and gone
To the rice swamp dank and lone
From Virginia's hills and waters,—
Woe is me, my stolen daughters!
"There no mother's eye is near them,
There no mother's ear can hear them;
Never, when the torturing lash
Seams their back with many a gash,
Shall a mother's kindness bless them,
Or a mother's arms caress them....
"Oh, when weary, sad, and slow
From the fields at night they go,
Faint with toil, and racked with pain,
To their cheerless homes again,—
There no brother's voice shall greet them
There no father's welcome meet them."
[220] Still, Underground Railroad, 443.
[221] Ibid., 448.
[222] Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, 293.
[223] Still, Underground Railroad, 27.
[224] F. L. Olmsted, The Cotton Kingdom, 157.
[225] F. L. Olmsted, Journey in the Back Country, 444.
[226] W. I. Bowditch, Slavery and the Constitution; Macon (Ga.) Telegram, Nov. 27, 1838.
[227] Ball, Mammoth Pictorial Tour of United States, 54; F. L. Olmsted, Journey in the Back Country, 155.
[228] W. I. Bowditch, Slavery and the Constitution; Macon (Ga.) Telegram, Nov. 27, 1838.
[229] Liberator, April 12, 1839.
[230] Wm. Parker, Freedman's Story, in Atlantic Monthly, February and March, 1866; Letter from Gerrit Smith, in Liberator, Dec. 28, 1838.
[231] J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 93.
[232] Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, 196.
[233] Appendix D, No. [41;] Antislavery Almanac, 74.
[234] J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 83.
[236] Smedley, The Underground Railroad, 26.
[237] Lalor's Cyclopædia, I. 5; Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, II. 58, 59.
[238] Clarke, Antislavery Days, 81.
[239] Smedley, The Underground Railroad, 35.
[240] Ibid., 64, 138.
[241] Ibid., 568-570.
[242] Ibid., 172.
[243] Ibid., 34.
[244] Ibid., 146.
[245] Smedley, Underground Railroad, 58.
[246] Harriet, the Moses of her People.
[247] Clarke, Antislavery Days, 81.
[248] Liberator, March 2, 1860.
[249] Pamphlet proposing a Defensive League of Freedom, 6.
[250] Smedley, Underground Railroad, 241.
[251] Ibid., 355.
[252] Douglass, My Bondage and Freedom, 323.
[253] J. F. Clarke, Antislavery Days, 83.
[254] Lalor's Cyclopædia, I. 5; Congressional Globe, 36 Cong. 1 Sess., Appendix, 250.
[255] Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, II. 58, 59.
Footnotes Chapter V.
[256] Revised Laws of Indiana, 1824, p. 221.
[257] Laws of Connecticut, 1838, p. 32.
[258] Acts and Resolves of Vermont, 1840, p. 13.
[259] Laws of New York, 1840, p. 174.
[261] Laws of Massachusetts, 1843, p. 33.
[262] Acts and Resolves of Vermont, 1843, p. 11.
[263] Laws of Pennsylvania, 1847, p. 206.
[264] Acts and Resolves of Rhode Island, 1848, p. 12.
[265] Laws of Vermont, 1850, p. 9.
[266] Public Acts of Connecticut, 1854, p. 80.
[267] Laws of Rhode Island, 1854, p. 22.
[268] Laws of Massachusetts, 1855, p. 924; 1858, p. 151.
[269] Laws of Michigan, 1855, p. 415.
[270] Laws of Maine, 1857, p. 38.
[271] Lalor, III. 162.
[272] Lalor, III. 162.
[273] Laws of Ohio, 1857, p. 170; 1857, p. 10.
[274] Lalor, III. 162.
[275] The following tabulation shows the provisions of the personal liberty laws as distributed among the States:—
Judges and justices forbidden to take cognizance.
Massachusetts, 1843; Vermont, 1843; Connecticut, 1838; Rhode Island, 1854; Maine, 1855; Pennsylvania, 1847.
Writ of habeas corpus.
Massachusetts, 1855; Michigan, 1855; Maine, 1857; Connecticut, 1838 and 1844.
Jury trial.
Indiana, 1824; New York, 1840; Vermont, 1840, 1850, and 1858; Connecticut, 1838; Michigan, 1855; Massachusetts, 1855.
Use of jails forbidden.
Massachusetts, 1843 and 1855; Vermont, 1843 and 1858; Pennsylvania, 1847; Rhode Island, 1848; Maine, 1855; Michigan, 1855; Ohio, 1857.
Attorneys employed to defend fugitives.
New York, 1840; Vermont, 1840; Massachusetts, 1855; Maine, 1857.
False testimony punished.
Connecticut, 1838 and 1844; Michigan, 1855.
Admission of national officers.
Connecticut, 1838 and 1844; Vermont, 1844; Maine, 1855; New Hampshire, 1857.
[277] Laws of Massachusetts, 1843, p. 33.
[279] Parker, Personal Liberty Laws, 27.
[282] Parker, Personal Liberty Laws, 27; Laws of Massachusetts, 1855, p. 924; Appendix D, No. [60], case of William Johnson.
[283] Laws of Massachusetts, 1858, p. 151.
[284] Acts and Resolves of Maine, 1855, p. 207.
[285] Ibid., 1857, p. 38.
[286] Acts and Resolves of New Hampshire, 1857, p. 1876.
[287] Acts and Resolves of Vermont, 1840, p. 13.
[288] Laws of Vermont, 1843, p. 11.
[289] Ibid., 1850, p. 9.
[290] Acts and Resolves of Rhode Island, 1848, p. 12.
[291] Laws of Rhode Island, 1854, p. 22.
[292] Laws of New York, 1840, p. 174.
[293] Laws of Pennsylvania, 1847, p. 206.
[294] Laws of Ohio, 1857, p. 170.
[295] Laws of Ohio, 1858, p. 10.
[296] Laws of Michigan, 1855, p. 415.
[297] Lalor, III. 162.
[298] Hurd, Law of Freedom and Bondage, II. 763; Von Holst, IV. 551; Parker, Personal Liberty Laws.
[299] Phillips, No Slave Hunting in the Old Bay State; Phillips, Argument against repeal of Personal Liberty Law; Pierce, Personal Liberty Law, 4; Johnson, Speech on Personal Liberty Law, New York, 1861.
[300] 36 Cong. 2 Sess., Congressional Globe, Appendix, 2.
[301] Lalor, III. 162.
Footnotes Chapter VI.
[302] Ableman v. Booth, 3 Wis., 1.
[303] Globe, 1860-61, p. 356, App. 197.
[304] Globe, 1860-61, (Baker) 228, (Burnham) 970.
[305] Senate Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., p. 18. Appendix C, No. [1.]
[306] House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., p. 60; Congr. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 77. Appendix C, Nos. 2-12. For a list of proposed constitutional amendments bearing on fugitive slaves, I am indebted to Mr. H. V. Ames, of the Harvard Graduate School, who has kindly furnished me transcripts from his material for a forthcoming monograph on proposed amendments to the Constitution.
[307] Cong. Globe, 3 Cong. 2 Sess., 114. Appendix C, Nos. [2]-[12.]
[308] House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 70; Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 79. Appendix C, No. 10.
[309] House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 67; Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 77. Appendix C, No. 3.
[310] House Journal, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 70; Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 78. Appendix C, No. 11.
[311] Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 1328.
[313] Liberator, Nov. 1, 1861; Edw. L. Pierce, in Atlantic Monthly, November, 1861.
[314] Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 1076.
[315] Cong. Globe, 36 Cong. 2 Sess., 1077.
[316] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 218. Appendix C, Nos. [30,] [31.]
[317] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 219.
[318] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 412.
[319] House Journal, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 197; Cong. Globe, 409, 410. Appendix C, No. [31.]
[320] Senate Journal, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 178; Cong. Globe, 434. Appendix C, No. [31.]
[321] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 454. Appendix C, No. [31.]
[322] Appendix C, Nos. [37,] [40,] [44.]
[324] Appendix C, No. [59.] Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and reported by them, April 16, 1862. Appendix C, No. [67.]
[325] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 944.
[326] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 946.
[329] Appendix C, No. [73.] Previous bills introduced by Mr. Eliot had been unfavorably reported on by the Judiciary Committee. Appendix C, No. [69.]
[335] Liberator, July 19, 1861; Appendix D, No. [68.]
[336] Williams, History of Negro Race in America, 245; Appendix D, No. [69.]
[337] Appendix C, Nos. [36,] [43,] [44,] [46]-[48.]
[341] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 110; Appendix C, No. [42.]
[342] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess, 130.
[343] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 130.
[347] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 955.
[348] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 956.
[349] Liberator, May 1, 1863 Extract from Frankfort Commonwealth.
[351] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 10.
[355] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 182; Appendix C, No. [51.]
[356] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 313.
[357] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 2 Sess., 264.
[359] Appendix C, Nos. [42,] [54,] [56.]
[360] Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America, iii. 273.
[361] Appendix C, Nos. [62,] [65.]
[364] Cong. Globe, 37 Cong. 1 Sess., 1356.
[366] Three bills were introduced in the House on the same day, December 14, 1863, by Messrs. Stevens, Julian, and Ashley. They were read twice and referred. Appendix C, No. 80. Before the final consideration of the subject, on February 8, 1864, two more bills were introduced in Congress, Mr. Sumner's in the Senate, and Mr. Spalding's in the House. The former went to the Committee on the Judiciary, the latter to the Select Committee on Slavery and Freedom. Appendix C, No. [80.]
[368] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2774, 2775.
[369] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2914.
[370] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2914.
[371] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2911.
[372] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2913.
[373] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2919.
[374] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2917.
[375] Cong. Globe. 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 2920.
[376] Senate Journal, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 196; Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 869; Appendix C, No. [80.]
[377] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1175.
[378] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1710.
[379] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1709.
[380] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1713.
[381] Senate Journal, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 348; Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1710, 1714.
[382] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 1752.
[383] Cong. Globe, 38 Cong. 1 Sess., 3191; Appendix C, No. [83.]
Transcriber's note: Original spelling varieties have been maintained; footnotes were renumbered. The index was changed to refer to section numbers instead of page numbers. Abbreviations and references changed for clarity: § [11]: o'selves—> we could not promise ourselves from you; w'ch—> which are shortly like to be nearer neighbors; O'tres—> vpon the receiving of these Outres; p'ties—> the demand of the parties interessted; p'sons—> compell such other persons.——§ [29], Footnotes 158, 159: "Appendix B, Nos. 68., 83, 84" not found; all linked to Appendix B, No. [30.] ——§ 84 not listed in the original.——§ [101]., Footnote 366: "Appendix C, Nos. 104, 106" not found; both linked to Appendix C, No. [80.]——§ [103], Footnote 384: "Appendix C, No. 116" not found; linked to Appendix C, No. [83.]——Appendix A, No. [9:] appr'ntices—> apprentices; w'th—> with; fr'o—> from; pr'euenting—> preuenting.——Appendix A, [31:] ag't—> against; Satisfacc'on—> Satisfaccion; reparac'on—> reparacion; Lord Prop'ry—> Lord Proprietary; publicac'on—> publicacion; Informac'on—> Informacion.——Appendix A, No. [66:] goalers—> Fees of the gaolers given.——Appendix C, No. [80:] "See No. 84" not found, linked to No. [83.] ——Appendix E, No. [9:] reminscences—> the reminiscences of participants.