APPENDIX II: NOTES ON UPPER EEL RIVER INDIANS
By
A. L. Kroeber
YUKI "TRIBES"
The following data were got from Eben Tillotson at Hulls Valley, north of Round Valley, on July 12, 1938.
A. Eben said he was a Wi·t'u·knó'm Yuki. This was a "tribe" speaking a uniform dialect, having uniform customs, but embracing several "tribelets." Their general territory was along main (or middle) Eel R. where this runs from E to W, on both sides of it, and S of Round V. They also owned Oklá·c̆ and Púnki·nipi·ṭ ("wormwood hole"), Poonkiny. The subdivisions or tribelets were:
[10.6] 1. Us̆i·c̆lAlhótno'm ("crayfish-creek-large-people") on Salt Cr., S of Middle Eel.
2. Olkátno'm, at Henley or Hop ranch in S part of Round V., where the road enters the flat of the valley. They owned S to the Middle Eel and down it to Dos Rios confluence.
3. Alniuk'í·no'm, at W edge of Round V.
4. Ontítno'm, E of Henley ranch in Round V.; also Eden V. to S.
B. The following were not grouped together by the informant, but agree in having a southerly range:
[10.6] 5. LAlkú·tno'm, around Outlet Cr.
6. Tí·tAmno'm, eastward, across (S of Middle) Eel R., toward Sanhedrin Mt., W of the ridge which runs W of Gravelly V. Mountain people, without villages of size. Dixie Duncan was half of this group.
7. Ki·c̆ilú·kam is Gravelly V. The Huchnom roamed in that.
C. East of Hull's V., extending nearly to Hammerhorn Mt., but this was Nomlaki.
[10.6] 8. ŠipimA´lno'm, on a creek running from W into (S-flowing) Eel R.
9. I·'mptí·tAmno'm, at an opening in the range—i·'mp is a gap. They were across the Eel, on its E side.
10. Pi·lílno'm, beyond (farther E or SE?), at Kumpí·t, "salt hole," where salt was got, also at Snow Mt. These were Yuki, but "talked something like" Nomlaki Wintun (who adjoined them, across the main Coast Range watershed). Their language was about as different from Yuki as was Huchnom. They were "half Stony Creek" (along which lived Salt Pomo, then Hill Patwin, then Nomlaki).
11. U·k'í·c̆no'm (added later by informant), in Williams V., "E" of Hull's V.
12. A Yuki group at Twin Rock Cr.—Eben had forgotten their name.
D. The real Yuki, centering in Round V., and coming N into the foothills only about as far as Ebley's Flat. To the N were the Onainó'm, Pitch Indians, Athabascans, who owned Hull V. ("here") and adjoined the ŠipimAlno'm (no. 8).
[10.6] 13. Hákno'm, in Round V., around Agency, in the N side of the valley.
14. Ukomnó'm, in middle of the valley. They did not own up into the mountains.
15. At TotimAl, W of Covelo, were a people whose name Eben had forgotten.
16. At NW end of Round V., another group whose name he could not recall.
It will be seen that the informant's knowledge was fullest for the part of Yuki territory S of Round V.
He thought that all the groups mentioned made the Taikomol and Hulk'ilAl initiations and performances.
Orthography Used
| A | a mid-raised a, nasalized |
| ṭ | retroflex or palatal t |
| Š | sh |
| c̆ | ch |
| k' etc. | glottalized |
| · | long |
| ƚ | surd l, Athabascan only |
| η | ng Athabascan |
Map 18. Yuki "Tribes" according to Eben Tillotson.