Implements of Tooth.
Only one object made of tooth was found, viz., 1-8736, fig. 36, in stratum V. It is a bear’s tooth perforated at the root, serving the purpose of ornament or amulet, and corresponds exactly to the typical illustration of the one from New Jersey;[[152]] here Abbott emphasizes the fact that such ornaments were the most common among the earlier and present-day Indians.
Figs. 34 and 35. × 1/2. Fragments of bones. Fig. 36. × 1/2. A bear-tooth ornament.
C. Implements Made of Shells.
The objects of this material mentioned among the grave finds are supplemented by two implements, one of which came from the IInd, the other from the VIIIth stratum of the mound. Both are made of the haliotis shell, the material preferred for ornamental purposes by the Indians throughout the country. Recovered in different strata, they differ completely with respect to their form. Yet, owing to the scarcity of the finds we are not permitted to advance the opinion that the form of one was limited in its stratum to the complete exclusion of the other.
1-8632, fig. 37, from stratum II, is about as long as broad, but rounded off at the lower part, while the upper rim is cut off straight. The three-sixteenths inch wide perforations in one row on the upper rim served for the purpose of suspending.
1-9106, fig. 38, from stratum VIII, represents the broken edge of a larger ornamental plate which was originally triangular or of a quadrilateral shape. The edge is now trapezoidal. Two of the four sides still show the well-worked rims, ornamented with indentations, of the original ornamental plate. The two other sides are rough surfaces of fracture.[[153]]
Fig. 37. × 1/2. Fig. 38. × 4/5. Haliotis shell ornaments.
Issued June 15, 1907.
[151] l. c., II, p. 556.
[152] Cf. F. W. Putnam, l. c., pl. XI, fig. 18.
[153] Ch. A. Abbott, l. c., p. 406. fig. 388.
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 2
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2.
Emeryville Shellmound seen from the Bay. The cut made in the side of the mound had been filled when the photograph was taken, but the site of the excavation is seen in the light area on the western slope.
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 3
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3.
Topographic map of the Emeryville Shellmound. Contour intervals 5 feet. Scale: 1 inch = 60 feet.
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 4
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4.
Fig. 1. Cross section of the western foot of Emeryville Shellmound, showing the extent of the excavations. Scale: 1 inch = 19.4 feet.
1. Alluvial clay. 2. Thin gravel layer. 3. Basement clay, the stratum upon which the mound and the gravel layer rest.
Fig. 2. Cross section through the principal excavated portion of the western foot of the Emeryville Shellmound, illustrating the stratification of the deposits. Scale: 1 inch = 6.46 feet.
I-X, Recognized strata of the mound.
A, B, C. Sections of the excavation designated in text.
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 5
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5.
The open cut on the western side of the Emeryville Shellmound.
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 6
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6.
Figs. 1-21. Flaked cherts principally from the lower layers of the mound. Some of these, as represented by figs. 4, 5, 6, 11, 19, and 20, are possibly finished implements. The others are perhaps in part rejects, but all were probably used to some extent. × 6/10.
Following are the accession numbers of the specimens, as catalogued in the museum of the Department of Anthropology.
| Fig. 1 (1-9007) | Fig. 11 (1-8966) |
| Fig. 2 (1-9095) | Fig. 12 (1-9012) |
| Fig. 3 (1-8551) | Fig. 13 (1-9040) |
| Fig. 4 (1-9031) | Fig. 14 (1-8857) |
| Fig. 5 (1-9005) | Fig. 16 (1-?) |
| Fig. 6 (1-8961) | Fig. 17 (1-9093) |
| Fig. 7 (1-9043) | Fig. 18 (1-9012) |
| Fig. 8 (1-9023) | Fig. 19 (1-8815) |
| Fig. 9 (1-9053) | Fig. 20 (1-8929) |
| Fig. 10 (1-9085) | Fig. 21 (1-8756) |
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 7
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7.
Rough bone implements and ornaments largely from the lower layers of the mound. × 2/3.
| Fig. 1 (1-8983) | Fig. 10 (1-9072) |
| Fig. 2 (1-8871) | Fig. 11 (1-8875) |
| Fig. 3 (1-9067) | Fig. 12 (1-8989) |
| Fig. 4 (1-9068) | Fig. 13 (1-8988) |
| Fig. 5 (1-8980) | Fig. 14 (1-8987) |
| Fig. 6 (1-8919) | Fig. 15 (1-8920) |
| Fig. 7 (1-8918) | Fig. 16 (1-8986) |
| Fig. 8 (1-8979) | Fig. 17 (1-8984) |
| Fig. 9 (1-8996) | Fig. 18 (1-8975) |
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 8
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8.
Implements of bone and antler from the Emeryville mound. Figures about one-half natural size.
| Fig. 1 (1-8730) | Fig. 5 (1-8780) |
| Figs. 2a and 2b (1-8892) | Fig. 6 (1-8778) |
| Figs. 3a and 3b (1-8821) | Fig. 7 (1-8889) |
| Fig. 4 (1-?) |
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 9
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9.
Bone implements from the Emeryville mound. × 6/10.
| Fig. 1 (1-8522) | Fig. 10 (1-8735) |
| Fig. 2 (1-8686) | Fig. 11 (1-8869) |
| Fig. 3 (1-8897) | Fig. 12 (1-8868) |
| Fig. 4 (1-8972) | Fig. 13 (1-8916) |
| Fig. 5 (1-8692) | Fig. 14 (1-8917) |
| Fig. 6 (1-8985) | Fig. 15 (1-8870) |
| Fig. 7 (1-8831) | Fig. 16 (1-8694) |
| Fig. 8 (1-8895) | Fig. 17 (1-8898) |
| Fig. 9 (1-8901) |
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 10
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10.
Stone implements principally from the upper layers of the mound. Figures about three-fifths natural size.
| Fig. 1 (1-8613) | Fig. 9 (1-8925) |
| Fig. 2 (1-8611) | Fig. 10 (1-8610) |
| Fig. 3 (1-8615) | Fig. 11 (1-8633) |
| Fig. 4 (1-8718) | Fig. 12 (1-8536) |
| Fig. 5 (1-8614) | Fig. 13 (1-8676) |
| Fig. 6 (1-8618) | Fig. 14 (1-8883) |
| Fig. 7 (1-8719) | Fig. 15 (1-8926) |
| Fig. 8 (1-8616) | Fig. 16 (1-8634) |
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 11
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11.
Ornaments principally from the upper and middle layers of the mound. Natural size.
| Fig. 1 (1-8777) | Fig. 9 (1-8791) |
| Fig. 2 (1-8784) | Fig. 10 (1-?) |
| Fig. 3 (1-8879) | Fig. 11 (1-?) |
| Fig. 4 (1-8775) | Fig. 12 (1-8843) |
| Figs. 5a and 5b (1-?) | Fig. 13 (1-8702) |
| Figs. 6a and 6b (1-8788) | Fig. 14 (7-8743) |
| Fig. 7 (1-?) | Figs. 15, 16, and 17 (1-8776) |
| Fig. 8 (1-8783) | Fig. 18 (1-8766) |
UNIV. CAL. PUB. AM. ARCH. &. ETH. VOL. 7, PL. 12
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 12.
Various artifacts principally from the upper layers of the mound. Figures 1 to 4, × 3/4; figures 5 to 13, × 2/3.
| Figs. 1a and 1b (1-8624) | Fig. 8 (1-8630) |
| Figs. 2a and 2b (1-8622) | Fig. 9 (1-8711) |
| Figs. 3a and 3b (1-8623) | Fig. 10 (1-8608) |
| Figs. 4a and 4b (1-8626) | Fig. 11 (1-8620) |
| Fig. 5 (1-8850) | Figs. 12a and 12b (1-8671) |
| Fig. 6 (1-8631) | Fig. 13 (1-8628) |
| Fig. 7 (1-8535) |
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