Vocabulary

INTRODUCTION TO VOCABULARY[6]

In presenting the following words, phrases and sentences to the public, we beg to add a few explanations. The words have been obtained from the Indians themselves. To collect words from an Indian requires patience at any time, and in dealing with the Seminoles particularly so. The Florida Indian is suspicious of the white man, and until a confidence was established and a friendship formed, it was impossible to obtain any accuracy from him. To secure the words in this work methods were devised, in order to have the Seminole fully understand the collector, as well as to enable the collector to grasp with a certainty the Indian’s meaning. As will be seen by a close study of the vocabulary, the noun does more than simply denote the thing to which it belongs; it also assigns to it some quality or characteristic. As for instance the word elephant. The Indian had never seen an elephant, but on being shown one in a circus parade, after a careful thinking, he named it, “e-po-lo-wa-kee”—“heap long nose.” Great latitude is thus permitted in an Indian vocabulary. On account of non-intercourse with a civilized race the Seminole language is very pure. Economy in speech is followed, the highest aim of the Indian being to express in a single word both action and object. Every cluster-word is a description or a definition. The study of an unwritten language finds its phonology difficult. In this collection, the words are spelled phonetically; the accent and division into syllables are indicated to assist the student to make the correct pronunciation. Not only were these words given in good faith by the Indians with the present use in view, but each succeeding year, as we visited the Glades for a hunt, the various members of the tribe showed decided interest in our note book, assisting in revising the words by going over and over again the Seminole meaning and accent. The Seminole has a keen sense of humor. As we gathered words and phrases many amusing incidents occurred, always at our expense and to the greatest merriment of the Indians.

To Tallahassee we are indebted for much of this vocabulary, as well as for many interesting incidents and fragments of the history; yet it was not until the fourth year of acquaintance that the old chief, beside the dying embers of our camp fire at the midnight hour, opened his heart and told the story of his people, their myths, religion, legends—their heartaches. The night was chilly, the old chief lost in his own earnestness drew his tunic closer about him, yet the writer could not say “it is late—you are cold.” It was a golden opportunity; a word, the rustle of a branch and the current would have changed. Until daybreak, in his broken English Tallahassee told his story. Never before, nor ever since has such an occasion presented itself.

VOCABULARY[7]

PERSONS
SEMINOLE	ENGLISH
Es-ta-chat-tee	Indian.
Es-ta-had-kee	White man.
Es-ta-lus-tee	Negro.
Ho-non-waw	Man.
Hoke-tee	Woman.
Ach-o-be-li-tee	Old man.
Hoke-tee-li-tee	Old woman.
Ho-non-wa-mi-nit-ti-tee	Young man.
Hoke-tee-ti-mi-nit-ti-tee	Young woman.
Che-pon-no-shi-tee	Boy.
Hoke-ti-chee	Girl.
Est-to-chee	Infant.
Ho-non-o-chee	Male infant.
Hoke-to-chee	Female infant.
Poke-taw	Twins.
E-hi-wa-o-chit-ee	Married man.
E-hi-was-ko	Bachelor.
E-hi-wa-se-ko	Widower.
E-hi-lift-mus-chee	Widow.
E-he-see-ko	Old maid.
E-he-see-ko-hoke-ti-lee	The old people.
Es-tee-min-nit-tee	A great talker.
O-pa-na-ki-tee	A silent person.
Host-cope-e-taw	Thief.
Host-cope-e-gost-chee	Not a thief.
PARTS OF THE BODY
E-caw	Head.
E-caw-e-see	Hair.
E-caw-hos-pee	Crown of head.
To-so-faw	Face.
Ka-ho-waw	Forehead.
E-tox-lo-waw	Eye.
Tose-lis-kee	Eye lash.
To-do-no-lup-pa-is-see	Eye brow.
Tode-le-wa-hos-pee	Upper eyelid.
Tode-le-list-la-hos-pee	Lower eyelid.
Hots-cote-es-caw	Ear lobe.
E-hots-ko	Ear.
Hots-caw-pof-ef-caw	Perforation in ear.
Hots-caw-ko-kee	Opening of ear.
E-ho-po	Nose.
E-po-fo-nee	Ridge of nose.
E-po-haw-kee	Nostril.
E-yan-i-waw	Cheek.
No-ti-ka-is-see	Beard.
E-choke-o-waw	Mouth.
Choke-hos pon-a-paw	Upper lip.
Choke-hos-pee	Lower lip.
E-no-tee-ho-maw	Front teeth.
E-no-tee-lock-ko	Back teeth.
To-los-waw	Tongue.
E-to-ka-lo-swaw	Saliva.
Sin-no-ka-nil-caw	Throat.
No-ti-caw	Chin.
No-ka-pee	Neck.
No-quif-pa-tock-ock-naw	Adam’s apple.
E-naw-chee	Body.
E-faw-chaw	Shoulder.
Fo-lo-taw-pix-taw	Shoulder blade.
E-claw	Back.
E-claw-fo-nee	Back bone.
E-hoke-pee	Breast of man.
E-pee-see	Breast of woman.
Im-po-loke-cho	Hip.
E-ho-cho-waw	Navel.
E-shock-paw	Arm.
In-clop-pe-claw	Right arm.
Aw-clos-clin-aw	Left arm.
Ho-lo-wa-to-tee-ta-gaw	Arm pits.
Sock-pof-o-nee	Right arm above elbow.
Aw-kos-ko-nof-o-nee	Left arm above elbow.
E-ko-chee	Elbow.
In-tee-ti-pix-tee-e-toke-kee-tay-gaw	Wrist.
In-tee-ti-pix-tee	Hand.
In-ko-faw	Palm of hand.
In-tee-ta-pix-tee-e-naw-pa	Back of hand.
In-ka-we-sa-kaw	Fingers.
Som-kit-kee	Thumb.
Som-kil-smil-kaw	First finger.
In-ka-nock-klo-pa-ho-e-claw	Second finger.
In-ka-ho-klif-claw-such-lo	Third finger.
In-ka-its-ho-chee-wa-chee	Small finger.
In-hits-kee-in-kose-es-waw	Finger nail.
In-ka-we-sock-ka-e-to-pee	Knuckle.
In-ka-yock-pee	Space between knuckles.
E-tol-kay	Rump.
Chee-hof-ee	Leg above knee.
E-tolk-wa-po-la-ko	Knee.
Tose-to-po-la-ko	Knee pan.
Chee-host-go-waw	Leg below knee.
E-lim-pock-ko	Calf of leg.
E-lay-toke-to-swaw	Ankle.
E-lit-ta-pix-tee-e-fo-cho-to-kee-not-ee	Instep.
Es-tel-e-po	Foot.
Es-tel-e-ho-faw	Sole of foot.
E-lich-es-caw	Heel.
Es-tel-e-e-sa-caw	Toe.
Es-tel-e-eeds-kee	Large toe.
Es-tel-e-nock-clay-ho-e-claw	Second toe.
E-la-ni-ka-so-swaw	Toe nail.
Chaw-taw	Blood.
Chaw-tee-fo-kaw	Vein or artery.
Istee-e-kol-pee	Brain (man).
E-kol-pee	Brain.
E-ho-sil-waw	Bladder.
E-fee-caw	Heart.
E-pof-caw	Around the heart.
E-to-chee	Kidney.
In-hee-shook-e-taw	Lung.
E-lo-pee	Liver.
Im-pa-shaw	Stomach.
In-ta-law	Rib.
In-ka-shock-a-tee	Pulse.
Es-tel-e-hop-o	Foot print.
Shon-aw-haft-bee	Skin.
Shon-aw-fon-ee	Bone.
Fix-chee-e-la-pots-kee	Intestines.
Cho-pock-e-taw	Scalp.
DRESS AND ORNAMENTS
Cot-to-po-kaw	Cap.
E-kof-kaw	Breech cloth.
She-won-nock-e-taw	Breech cloth belt.
Aw-fa-tee-kaw	Leggings.
Stil-i-pi-kaw	Moccasins.
Som-po-chee	Basket.
Ech-e-taw	Blanket.
Lo-cus-haft-ee-pa-ta-kaw	Bear skin (robe).
E-cho-haft-ee-pa-ta-kaw	Deer skin (robe).
Cho-see	Buck skin or snake skin.
Cho-fee-haft-bee	Rabbit skin.
O-sho-aw-haft-bee	Beaver skin.
O-shon-aw-haft-bee	Otter skin.
Co-lo-waw	Paint.
Co-lo-waw-la-nee	Paint (yellow).
Co-lo-wa-lus-tee	Paint (black).
Co-lo-wa-chaw-tee	Paint (red).
Shoke-shot-ta-pix-chee	Pouch.
Stink-ko-shot-ti-tee-caw	A ring.
Cop-a-to-ca-och-aco	Bare head.
Es-tel-e-pi-e-ca-och-a-co	Bare foot.
E-ca-e-pee	Naked.
She-won-nock-e-ta-sa-lof-kaw	Knife belt.
Co-na-waw	Beads.
Hi-ef-cof-ka-taw	Shirt.
Stil-a-pa-won-hee	Shoes.
Note-tes-chee	Handkerchief.
Es-ti-ha-kee	Picture.
Osh-aw-kil-caw-e-fa-caw	Watch chain.
Osh-aw-kil-caw	Watch.
She-ma-caw	Fan.
Shit-ta-kee-caw	Walking cane.
DWELLINGS, IMPLEMENTS, UTENSILS, ETC.
Cho-co-ta-ti-yee	Village.
Cho-co-hum-co-see	Wigwam.
E-how-kee	Door way.
We-chow-hi-lit	Spark.
No-clit	Burn.
Tode-caw	Fire.
Tock-hot-chee	Fire wood (burning)
Lip-la-it	Blaze.
Toke-la-waw	Living coals.
Tock-ees-so	Ashes.
Eh-cho-chee	Smoke.
Aw-lock-a-taw-chaw-ho-tee	My home.
Aw-ho-gee	Door way.
Pa-ta-caw	Bed.
Shot-hote-caw	Door.
Cho-ko	House.
Ko-lo-kee	Lamp.
Osh-aw-kil-caw-lock-o	Clock.
To-paw	Floor.
Cho-ko-no-paw	Ceiling.
Cho-ko-shaw-hose-paw-caw	Wall.
Ot-so-caw	Stairway.
We-wa-ese-pay-lot-caw	Spring.
We-wa	Water.
E-pee-lo-faw	Hommock (woods).
E-con-aw-aw-ho-pa-caw	Map.
See-la-hot-tit-taw	Railing.
Tode-ca-e-ho-tee	Stove.
We-wa-ho-tee	Water tank.
Ho-e-so-clope-pa-lock-a-naw	Wash bowl.
In-ka-e-to-shi-eets-caw	Towel.
To-how-how-waw	Trunk.
So-cose-caw	Soap.
Sin-ti-ne-ta-pi-ee-to-caw	Whisk broom.
Ees-cos-caw	Comb.
E-fa-ko-lock-o	Rope (cable).
Shot-hit-go-chee	Glass tumbler.
Tose-to-lese-taw	Wagon.
Tose-to-lese-ta-pof-na-chee	Buggy.
Aw-ta-lit-taw	Clothes hooks.
E-shaw-ho-tee	Gun cover.
Chot-a-dox-cha-in-che	Arrow.
Bith-low	Canoe.
Sar-sho-e-fa-caw	Fish line.
Whe-ah	Fish net.
Hi-eets-caw	Accordion.
Tock-kee-so	Ashes.
Buch-es-waw	Ax.
Polk-ko	Pottery.
Le-ho-chaw	Pot of pottery.
Chat-o-lon-ee	Brass.
Che-to-ko-lope-lon-ee	Gold.
Sha-teek-e-naw-yaw	Silver.
Shot-to	Iron.
Hi-lo-chee	Cup.
We-wa-sis-ca-taw	Dipper.
Sto-caw	Bucket.
E-slof-ka-pee	Knife handle.
E-slof-ka-e-ock-shaw	Knife point.
E-slof-ka-e-in-fos-kee	Knife edge.
Sa-lof-ka	Knife.
Chum-chaw-cha-lock-ko	Bell.
Chum-chaw-ko	Small bell.
Shif-fon-waw	Awl.
To-shay-sil-caw	Whang (for sewing moccasins).
We-hop-caw	Pillow.
To-hi-o-waw	Valise.
To-ho-to-waw	Powder.
Ho-tee	Powder can.
Shaw-toke-e-naw-waw	Money.
To-ko-naw-shaw-tee	One cent.
Na-kop-po-chee	Ten cents.
Con-shot-go-ho-ko-lin	Fifty cents.
Chalk	Twenty-five cents.
To-ko-naw-wa-hum-kin	One dollar.
To-ko-naw-wa-cha-kee-bin	Five dollars.
E-sho-gaw	File.
Ees-how-ees-caw	Key.
Ees-pas-caw	Broom.
Chot-to-go-chee	Mallet.
Op-pee	Broomstick.
Tock-o-take-go-chee	Common stick.
Im-mi-lay-sha-taw	Court plaster.
Tose-ka-lof-caw	Plane.
E-to	Wood.
Tock-kin-o-shaw	Brick.
Ok-e-fots-chay	Sea shell.
To-hop-kee	Fence.
Ho-lo-paw	Walk (pavement).
Chat-o-ko-cho	Cartridge.
Hi-eets-e-fa-caw	Guitar string.
O-like-a-taw	Chair.
To-paw	Floor.
Es-ti-ha-kee	Picture.
Tol-lo-faw	Town.
Ist-fon-o-kee-taw	Rocking chair.
E-skil-caw	Compass.
Shock-shaw-e-taw	Dip net.
Ti-sos-so-chee	Pin.
Ees-la-pode-caw	Needle.
Ees-ti-no-tee-some-fo-tee-taw	Tooth pick.
Shoke-chaw	Sack.
It-to-tee-ish-fo-gaw	Ice saw.
It-to-tee-butch-es-waw	Ice hatchet.
It-to-tee-in-so-go	Ice house.
It-to-tee-saw-gaw	Ice machine.
It-to-tee-ock-les-waw	Ice moulds.
It-to-tee-she-lot-caw	Ice tongs.
It-to-tee-we-waw	Ice water.
To-fo-ga-leg-a-mee	Saw dust.
To-fo-la-hi-lee	Cord wood.
To-to-lese-pof-a-naw-o-cho-go	Railroad car.
Phon-e-o-hop-ee	Fishing pole.
Sho-a-los-ga-taw	Hammock (to swing).
Ko-lo-kee-e-ho-tee	Lantern.
Tol-lot-to-chee	Brush.
O-pa-tock-o	Saddle.
E-ho-e-lit-taw	Stirrup.
She-lop-ko-chif-ko-taw	Spur.
Ach-aw-kil-caw-lock-o	Clock.
E-sho-e-caw	Hoe.
Hot-cus-waw	Iron kettle.
Ta-pate-go-chee	Pistol.
Ich-chaw	Gun.
E-chaw	Rifle.
To-lo-to-lon-e	Cap (percussion).
To-hote-to-waw	Powder.
Wee-aw	Seine.
Sa-lof-ka-chop-ka	Sword.
Sa-lof-ka-chee	Knife (small).
Sa-lof-ka-fots-kee	Knife (sharp).
Sa-lof-ka-tof-nee	Knife (dull).
FOOD
To-lee-ko	Oatmeal.
O-chee-tot-o-la-go-chee	Corn bread.
Tot-o-lo-som-po-chee	Cake.
Pish-waw	Meat.
O-po-swaw	Soup.
Tock-a-la-kee	Bread (flour).
Och-chee-lo-wat-kee	Corn (green).
Wa-ka-pish-aw	Milk.
Chum-pee	Honey.
Yel-la-haw	Lemonade.
Fo-chum-pee	Bees and honey.
Ist-sa-tock-ko	Cauliflower.
O-ko-to	Radish.
Oke-chon-tel-o-ko-nee	Salt.
Il-la-haw	Orange.
Itch-on-e-haw	Tallow.
Ho-waw	Pepper sauce.
E-cho-pish-waw	Deer meat.
Chil-i-hos-waw	Pineapple.
Wa-ka-pish-aw-tock-o-la-kee	Cheese.
Tol-o-so-caw	Cocoanut.
Chos-chee-lock-o	Pumpkin (whiteman’s).
Chos-chee	Pumpkin (Indian).
E-po-see-waw	Gravy.
Fit-chee	Sausage.
We-len-tel-lo	Banana.
Hil-o-cho-waw	Chewing gum.
Wa-ka-pish-a-ne-haw	Butter.
Wa-ka-pish-e-e-tok-chee	Sour milk.
Wa-ka-fit-chee	Sausage (beef).
Suck-a-fit-chee	Sausage (pork).
Ho-tes-kot-tee-hot-kee	Flour.
Whit-lo-ko	Oysters.
Aw-haw	Potato (sweet).
Tol-o-la-go-chee	Biscuit.
Aw-hot-to-pox-to-chee	Potato (Irish).
Cot-lo-chee	Sardines.
Aw-pis-ta-lake-a-to-me	Potted ham.
Tock-a-la-kee-chom-paw	Ginger cake (large).
Ho-maw	Pickles.
Pe-kon-o-soch-o-chee	Cherries.
Tock-a-fon-waw	Filbert.
Shot-o-lock-o	Apple.
Chil-loos-wa	Grapes.
Tock-a-la-kee-chum-po-chee	Cake (small).
COLORS
Lus-tee	Black.
Ho-lot-tee	Blue.
Ho-ko-lon-i-tee	Brown.
Sho-po-ka-hot-ka-chee	Grey.
Pi-e-lon-o-maw	Green.
Chat-tee	Red.
Hot-ka-tee	White.
NUMERALS
Hum-kin	One.
Ho-ko-lin	Two.
Too-chin	Three.
Os-tin	Four.
Chaw-kee-bin	Five.
A-pa-kin	Six.
Ko-lo-pa-kin	Seven.
Chin-na-pa-kin	Eight.
Os-ta-pa-kin	Nine.
Pa-lin	Ten.
Pa-lin-hum-kin-hum-kin	Eleven.
Pa-lin-hum-kin-ho-ko-lin	Twelve.
Pa-lin-hum-kin-too-chin	Thirteen.
Pa-lin-hum-kin-os-tin	Fourteen.
Pa-lin-ho-ko-lin	Twenty.
Pa-lin-ho-ko-lin-hum-kin	Twenty-one.
Pa-lin-ho-ko-lin-too-chin	Twenty-three.
Pa-lin-too-chin	Thirty.
Pa-lin-os-tin	Forty.
Pa-lin-chaw-kee-bin	Fifty.
Pa-lin-a-pa-kin	Sixty.
Pa-lin-ko-la-pa-kin	Seventy.
Pa-lin-chin-na-pa-kin	Eighty.
Pa-lin-os-ta-pa-kin	Ninety.
Chope-kee-hum-kin	One hundred.
Chope-kee-ho-ko-lin	Two hundred.
Chope-kee-too-chin-ee	Three hundred.
DIVISIONS OF TIME
Ti-ose-go-chee	First moon (August).
Ti-ose-go-lock-o	Second moon (September).
E-ho-lee	Third moon (October).
Si-lof-slop-ko	Fourth moon (November).
Si-lof-so-kee	Fifth moon (December).
Ho-ti-lee-has-ee	Sixth moon (January).
Ti-sot-to-chee	Seventh moon (February).
Ti-sot-to-lock-o	Eighth moon (March).
Kee-hos-ee	Ninth moon (April).
Got-so-hos-ee	Tenth moon (May).
Hi-yote-chee	Eleventh moon (June).
Hi-yote-lock-o	Twelfth moon (July).
Mis-kee-hum-kin	One year.
Ha-lits-chey	Moon.
Nit-taw	Day.
Nist-lee	Night.
U-mus-ka-taw	Dark.
Pox-son-gay	Yesterday.
Pox-son-gay-lim-pix-son-gay	Day before yesterday.
A-pox-see-lim-pox-say-nist-lee	Day after to-morrow night.
Mo-shon-nit-taw	Today.
A-pox-see	To-morrow.
A-pox-see-lim-pox-say	Day after to-morrow.
Mis-kee-hum-kee	Next year.
Mo-shon-mis-kee	This year.
Mis-kee-ho-ko-lin	Two years.
Mis-kee-too-chin-aw	Three years.
Nit-ti-chow-go-hum-kin	One week.
Nit-ti-chow-go-ho-ko-lin	Two weeks.
Nit-ti-chow-go-too-chin-aw	Three weeks.
Nit-ta-hum-kin	One day.
Nit-ta-ho-ko-lin	Two days.
Nit-ta-too-chin-aw	Three days.
Nit-ta-os-tin	Four days.
Mo-shon-nist-lee	To-night.
A-pox-see-nist-lee	To-morrow night.
Mo-cho-hos-see	This moon.
Hos-see-hum-kee	Next moon.
Osh-aw-kil-hum-kin	One o’clock.
Osh-aw-kil-ho-ko-lin	Two o’clock.
ANIMALS, PARTS OF BODY, ETC.
Lo-ko-see	Bear (black).
Ko-wat-go-chee	Cat (wild).
E-faw	Dog.
E-cho	Deer.
Chil-la	Fox.
E-cho-wa-a-taw	Goat (mountain).
Su-caw-pin-si-law	Hog (wild).
E-chos-waw	Manatee or sea cow.
Tock-o	Mole.
O-shen-aw	Otter.
Su-caw-hot-caw	Opossum.
Ches-she	Rat.
Cho-fee	Rabbit.
Cho-fee-chaw-hot-ee	Rabbit (grey).
Wood-ko	Raccoon.
Klo-hi-lee	Squirrel.
Klo-hot-go-chee	Squirrel (grey).
Klo-hi-lee-chaw-tee	Squirrel (red).
Yee-haw	Wolf.
Kon-kla-po-chee	Chameleon.
E-cho-yi-pee	Antlers.
Wa-ka-e-fo-nee	Bone (cow).
Fit-chee-law-pots-kee	Entrails.
Nee-haw	Fat.
Wa-ka-haft-bee	Hide (cow).
Yi-pee	Horn.
Fit-chee-lock-o	Stomach.
E-hot-chee	Tail.
E-no-tee	Teeth.
E-po-lo-wa-kee	Elephant.
Chil-lock-o	Horse.
Chil-lock-o-chee	Colt.
Chil-lock-o-pi-e-caw	Mule.
Wal-ka-ho-non-waw	Ox.
Wal-ka-chee	Calf.
Suck-aw	Hog.
Po-sha-chee	Cat.
Yep-e-fa-e-caw	Sheep.
E-fa-chee	Puppy.
Cho-wa-taw	Goat.
Wal-ka	Cow.
BIRDS
O-so-waw	Bird.
O-chot-aw	Black bird.
Shock-kil-law	Black bird (red wing).
Wa-to-law	Whooping crane.
O-shaw-o-waw	Crow.
Hi-lo-lo	Curlew.
Hi-lo-lo-chaw-tee	Curlew (pink).
Posh-e-ho-we	Dove.
Fo-cho	Duck.
Hat-tit-e-fon-caw	Eagle.
Sho-caw	Hawk.
Sho-ko-chee	Sparrow hawk.
Hos-cho-kee-waw	Fish hawk.
Wak-ko-lot-ko	Heron (great blue).
Wak-ko-lot-ko-o-hi-lot-tee	Heron (little blue).
Fost-chi-taw	Red bird.
Hi-lo-lo	Ibis (white).
Tos-chee	Jay (blue).
Pen-na-waw	Turkey.
We-hot-ko-fo-sho-wo-chee	Snipe.
Eash-pock-a-waw	Robin.
Fost-chi-taw	Red bird.
Sho-lee	Vulture.
Sho-lee-pee-los-pes-ko	Vulture (black).
Chip-ee-lop-law	Whippoorwill.
Fo-a-kee	Quail.
Pen-nit-kee	Turkey hen.
Pen-na-waw-en-to-wee	Turkey beard.
Pen-cha-ho-gaw	Turkey cry.
Pen-ni-chaw	Turkey gobbler.
Fo-shon-nits-kaw	Rookery.
Shee	Feathers.
Lo-cha-e-stow-cha-kee	Egg.
O-cho-ko	King fisher.
Ho-shock-e-a-caw	Limpkin.
O-shi-hi-yi	Mocking bird.
E-fo-law	Owl (screech).
Pot-see-lon-ee	Paroquet.
To-to-lo-chee	Chicken.
O-shot-caw	Heron (great white).
O-shot-co-chee	Heron (little white).
O-pal	Owl (eared).
E-chee-pa-hot-tee	Mother Cary’s chicken (Petrel).
FISH AND REPTILES
Sar-sho	Fish.
Sar-sho-o-kee-lon-waw	Cat fish.
Whit-lo-ko	Oyster.
Shar-lo	Trout.
To-how-how-waw	Trunk.
Sar-sho-chee	Minnow.
Shup-sho-chee	Pickerel.
Al-la-pa-taw	Alligator.
Aw-pa-to-naw	Frog.
Chit-ta-mic-co	Chief of snakes.
Chit-ko-la-la-go-chee	Rattle snake.
Ko-tee	Toad.
Chit-ta-lus-tee	Black snake.
Aw-shock-o-law	Snail.
Ho-lock-waw	Turtle (soft shell).
Lo-chaw	Turtle (land).
Chit-ta-lock-a-chee	Snake (spotted).
O-co-la-chit-ta	Snake (green).
Skin-cho-caw	Frog (tree).
Gotch-es-waw	Turtle.
INSECTS
Tock-o-cha-cha-tee	Ant (red).
Tock-o-cha-lus-tee	Ant (black).
Fo-a	Bee.
Chil-lock-o-fo-a	Bee (drone).
Cuff-ko	Flea.
Cho-naw	Fly.
Scop-o-swaw	Gnat.
A-caw-ko-taw	Grasshopper.
Chil-lock-o-do-no	Horse fly.
Taw-fo	Katy-did.
O-he-aw	Mosquito.
Och-klo-klon	Spider.
U-e-cot-taw	Worm.
Och-o-klon-we-ahr	Spider web.
To-ka-tes-kee-at-tee-lo-e-waw	Silk worm.
Soke-so	Beetle (black).
PLANTS
Lock-e-tum-ba-e-cee	Oak leaf.
Ech-to-fa-la-ha-lee	Chip.
E-to	Wood (to burn).
Cho-lee-saw	Pine leaf.
Im-pock-pock-ee	Flower.
Pi-hee	Grass.
Gatch-ho-ho-e-claw	Blackberry.
Aw-won-aw	Willow tree.
Chit-ta-hum-pe-ta	Snake plant.
Til-e-ko	Oats.
Shot-i-pee	Persimmon tree.
Shot-taw	Persimmon.
Shot-o-nin-kla	Persimmon seed.
Gotch-o	Poison vine.
Aw-shen-lock-o	Air plant.
Aw-shen-waw	Moss.
Shil-o-fo-haw	Water lily.
We-sho	Sassafras.
Tol-o-lock-o	Palmetto (cabbage tree).
Tol-o-chee	Palmetto (young cabbage-tree).
Tol-o-neck-la	Palmetto seed.
She-hop-paw	Saw palmetto.
Aw-shit-ta-taw	Gall berries.
Aw-tock-claw	Weed.
Chaw-fo-ka-naw	Huckleberries.
Hi-lis-hot-kee	Ginseng.
He-swan-i-hit-caw	Quinine.
Gout-lock-o	Cactus.
Com-to-lock-o	Peanut.
Ti-fum-bee	Onion.
Hee-chee	Tobacco.
O-chee-o-pee	Hickory tree.
Kee	Mulberry tree.
Hatch-in-e-haw	Cypress tree.
E-la-hock-o	Shaddock (grapefruit).
THE FIRMAMENT—PHYSICAL PHENOMENA, ETC.
Go-chee-som-po-lock-o	Large star.
Go-chee-som-pol-e-poch-go-chee	Small star.
Cho-go-lof-caw	Seven stars.
Ho-nit-claw	North star.
Wa-hit-law	South star.
Ho-so-shaw	East star.
Aw-hil-lot-caw	West star.
Ha-shay	Sun.
Hit-to-tee	Frost.
It-to-tee	Ice.
We-wa	Water.
Os-e-caw	Rain.
Ti-nit-kee	Thunder.
Ot-to-e-hot-tit	Lightning.
Go-ti-lee	Wind.
Ha-notch-e-fo-law	Whirlwind.
E-ho-tee	Ground.
O-ti-lee-lock-o	Storm.
Ha-shay-shay-pock-taw-lo-gaw	Eclipse of the sun.
Ho-nit-chaw	North.
Ha-so-saw	East.
Wa-ha-law	South.
Op-a-lock-aw	West.
Ha-lits-cha-shay-pock-ta-lo-gaw	Eclipse of the moon.
Hi-yi-tee-e-chaw	Morning star.
E-pof-kee	Evening.
Hi-e-ta-ma-es-chee	Heat.
Chit-cho	Dew.
Ho-lo-chee	A cloud.
KINSHIP
Sop-po-chee	My son.
Chat-hos-tee	My daughter.
Solk-go-chee	My father.
Sots-kee	My mother.
E-chock-o-tee	Brother.
E-cho-see	Brother (younger).
E-la-ha	Brother (older).
Cho-wen-waw	Sister.
Cha-hi-e-waw	My wife.
Squaw	Wife.
Picc-a-nin-ny	Child.
VERBS, PHRASES, SENTENCES
Ah-ho-chee	To plant.
Tote-ca-taw	To whistle.
E-lo-chaw	To date.
Lop-ko	Make haste.
Ah-mos-chay	To give.
Chim-moc-co-dos-chay	Not to give.
Hum-bi-da-lon-es-chay	To feed.
Yi-es-chay	To sell.
Neich-hi-es-chee	Not to buy.
Hock-ka-eet-kit	To cry.
Op-peel-it	To laugh.
E-hi-e-kit	To sing.
Fi-i-it-lot-es-chee	To hunt.
Oh-in-i-it	To smell.
Clot-la-klip-chay	To break.
Sop-pa-lon-es-chay	To sleep.
He-ches-chee	To see.
Im-po-hos-chee	To hear.
Ah-es-chay	Go.
Hi-e-pus	To go.
Chi-yot-chit	To like.
Aw-lock-chay	To come.
Cha-ho-sit	Forgot.
O-ko-sit	Wash.
He-chus-chee	Saw.
Fit-kon-nit	Wait.
Hal-wuk	It is bad.
Hink-las	It is good.
Hi-o-e-pus-chay	Two go.
Hi-op-pee-pox-es-chay	Three or more go.
I-wox-chee	Many come.
Aw-mul-cay	All come.
No-chip-os-chay	Go sleep (you).
Clot-la-klip-chay	Broken (to break).
Sup-pa-lon-es-chay	I take.
Chi-ho-ches-chee	I am lost.
Che-ho-shar	You are lost.
E-wa-kee-pa-lon-es-chay	Lie down, but not to sleep.
Hum-kin-mi-si-e-pit	Take one.
Ye-hi-e-pa-taw	To sing.
So-toke-kee-na-aw-aw-mun-chee	Give me money.
Hi-e-pus-chay	I go.
Ot-som-ka-taw	To go up steps.
Hi-top-ka-taw	To go down steps.
Hock-it	To whistle.
Cho-ho-sit	Forgot.
Chi-yot-chee	I want.
E-see-op-cop-e-taw	To ride.
Chee-yi-chee	Do you want?
Mot-to	Thank you.
Es-tel-e-pi-e-ka-u-cha-ko-ot-e-he	To put moccasins on.
Kit-lix-chay	Don’t know.
Kit-li-es-chay	I know.
Aw-kay-lot-kit	Go in.
Lop-ko-sin-ot-tos-chay	Come quick.
Chee-to-gaw	To pole a boat.
Scof-gaw	To row a boat.
Hum-pux-chay-hum-pee-taw	You eat plenty.
No-chee-pa-lon-es-chay	I am going to sleep.
Sa-lof-ka-chop-kaw	My knife is large (sword).
Sa-lof-ka-chee	My knife is small.
A-pok-es-chay	All sit down.
No-chip-os-chay	Go sleep (you).
Che-mo-on-ot-es-chay	Are you sleepy?
I-hoo-es-chay	Let us go.
Ho	Yes.
Li-kus-chay	Sit down.
Hi-top-cay-ta-li-kus-chay	Sit down on steps.
No-chit-pay-lon-es-chay	Lie down and sleep.
Its-kee-e-i-chee-tok-naw	Mother wants to keep him.
In-ka-o-ko-sit	Wash hands.
Mi-e-taw	Tall (tree).
Che-mi-hee	Grow (you or me).
Che-mi-hee-ta-mi-hee-cha-mi-he-taw	Grow very tall.
Aw-ne-chee-mi-he-taw	I grow.
I-ti-it-tot-chi-mi-he-taw-mi-he-taw-te-hee	I will grow tall.
Ha-tee-e-tew-chee-hick-chay-hit-es-chay	Glad to see you.
E-cho-lid-kit-he-chus-chee	I saw deer run.
E-cho-ti-een-lid-kit-he-chus-chee	I saw deer run fast.
E-cho-lid-kit-smi-hi-ko-in-in-he-chus-chee	I saw deer run slow.
E-cho-yak-op-po-sit	Deer walk.
E-cho-yak-op-po-sit-hi-chus-chee	I saw the deer walk.
E-cho-mo-chon-it-ta-we-wa-ah-kay-lot-kit-o-mi-e-it-i-in-he-chus-chee	To-day I saw a deer go in the water and swim.
Il-lich-is-caw	Did you kill it?
Lop-fi-eets-chay	Let us hunt.
Im-po-hitch-caw	Do you hear?
He-chos-kos-chay	I can’t find it.
To-pa-li-kus-chay	Sit on floor (you).
Pish-wa-chi-us-chee	I want some meat.
Aw-som-es-chee-aw-pish-waw	Pass me the meat.
Lox-a-dox-chay	You lie.
Is-chay-to-ma-es-chee	Wind blew hard.
He-a-maw	Come here.
Suck-chay	All gone.
Aw-pok-es-chay	All sit down.
Ha-sha-col-lock-tit	Sun gone down.
Ha-sha-i-sit	Sun come up.
To-ko-naw-yo-ko-dos-chay	Money, no sell ’em.
On-e-way	Me too.
Un-gaw	All right.
Nock-a-tee	What is it?
Stom-a-taw	Which way?
Aw-lip-ka-shaw	Good-by.
Aw-tee-tus-chee	By-and-by.
Ho-lo-wa-gus	No good.
Hi-lip-pit-ka-shaw	How are you?
Som-mus-ka-lar-nee-shaw	Good luck.
Ya-maw	This way.
Hock-es-chee	Bird cry.
Chi-yot-chit	Like them.
Chee	Young or small.
O-fun-net-taw	Long time.
En-cha-mun-chay	Well or good.
Ho-nit-chay	Wild.
Ni-hit-tus-chay	Fat.
Wi-o-kee-tus-chay	Poor.
Es-to-chee-hock-a-effee	Baby cry.
E-yof-kee-hum-pee-taw	Supper (before dark).
E-mots-kee-hum-pee-taw	Supper (after dark).
Kan-yuk-sa-es-ta-chat-tee	Florida red men.
Yo-ho-ee-hee	War whoop.
Aw-pox-see-lim-pox-say-nist-lee	Day after to-morrow night.
Stu-es-taw	A great deal, or too much.
Ya-ti-ka-chic-co	Great Speaker (Commissioner).
Munks-chay	No.
Hi-lit-la-ma-es-chay	Too hot (fire water).
Im-e-lo-la-tee-ti-yee	Water rough.
Ko-no-wa-hum-kin-mo-so-nit-ta-wi-yy-ches-chee	I want a string of beads to-day.
Shot-cay-taw	Green Corn Dance.
In-like-e-taw	Heaven.
E-shock-e-tom-e-see	The Supreme Ruler or the white man’s God.
E-shock-e-tom-e-see-e-po-chee	God’s son, Christ.
His-a-kit-a-mis-i	Great Spirit.
Po-ya-fits-a	Indian’s heaven.
Il-lit	Death.
Som-mus-ka-lar-nee-sha-maw-lin	Good wishes to white man.
THE INDIAN NAMES OF SOME PRESENT SEMINOLES
Tallahassee	Mic-co.
So-fan-gee	Mi-la-kee.
Fi-lan-e-hee	Tal-la-has-so-wee.
Las-ches-chee	Fo-ston-sto-noc-ee-la.
Ko-i-hat-cho	Cal-lo-fo-nee.
Yee-ho-lo-chee	Tol-lo-see.
O-mul-la-gee	Shon-o-la-kee.
She-y-o-hee	On-nit-chee.
Sla-shing-to-goth-la-gee	I-o-chus-chee.
Che-e-ho-la	Suck-kin-ho-chee.
Sten-o-la-kee	Os-ce-o-la.
Cho-fee-hat-cho	Mat-lo.
Os-shen-e-ho-la	Nan-ces-o-wee.
Ho-puth-tee-na-gee	Tal-lem-ee.
Tin-fai-yai-ki	Kat-ca-la-ni.
Stem-e-o-la-ga	Chots-kee.
Ko-nip-hatch-o	Tus-tee-nug-gee.
She-lock-ee	Suc-kin-ho-chee.
Ta-ses-chee	Me-take-ee.
Fo-so-wa-tos-to-nock-ee	Cat-sa-ma-tel-e-kee.
I-o-chus-chee	Fol-lem-mee.
Hi-e-tee	Na-haw.
Hi-ta-kee	Ho-ti-yee.
Shon-tee	Ful-le-he-le-chee.
Na-gof-tee	I-o-la-chee.
Chick-e-o-hee	Sten-e-wah-hee.
Cli-so-to-kee-ti-ga	Chip-co.

RHYTHMICAL NAMES OF SOME FLORIDA
LAKES, RIVERS AND TOWNS

Imprints of the Vanishing Race are indelibly stamped upon the Geography of Florida

To-hope-ke-li-ga	Noc-a-tee
Ko-mo-ka	As-ta-tu-la
Wa-hoo	A-lach-u-a
Chat-ta-hoo-chee	We-ki-va
Chip-po-la	Ca-loo-sa-hat-chee
Man-a-tee	Ock-lo-wa-ha
Mi-am-ee	Ock-lock-o-nee
Ok-a-lo-a-coo-chee	Choc-ta-what-chee
Ta-lu-ga	Hatch-in-a-ha
Ap-pa-lach-i-cola	Is-to-po-ga
Pen-sa-co-la	Pan-a-soff-kee
Al-li-ga-tor	Chu-lu-o-ta
O-lus-tee	Im-mo-ka-lee
Wac-cas-sas-see	Mus-co-gee
Ap-pa-lach-ee	Wa-cis-sa
O-kee-cho-bee	O-kee-fe-no-kee
We-wa-hatch-ka	Su-wan-nee
Oc-ta-hatch-ee	Nar-coos-see
Pic-o-la-ta	Kan-yuk-sa
Is-ta-chat-ta	Stein-hatch-ee
In-dian-o-la	Chu-muck-la
Tus-ca-wil-la	Wee-took-ka
Al-la-pa-ha	Wa-ku-la
Wa-bas-so	La-coo-chee
Is-to-po-ga-yo-ree	O-ka-hump-kin
Pin-co-la	Wa-kee-na
Tho-not-os-sas-sa	My-ak-ka
Hic-po-chee	O-ka-lo-a-coo-chee
Cho-ko-los-kee	O-ca-la
Mic-co-su-kee	Ho-mo-sas-sa
Pa-lat-ka	Os-ce-o-la
With-la-coo-chee	Tal-la-hass-ee
O-co-ee	Tus-ca-loo-sa
A-pop-ka	Mic-an-o-pee
Kiss-imm-eé

THE END

EDITOR’S NOTE.

In this enlarged and illustrated edition of “The Seminoles of Florida,” the demand for which seems to come insistently from every hand, the author wishes to acknowledge the courtesy and great kindness of Mr. C. B. Reynolds and Mr. E. W. Histed for their assistance in its illustrations.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Catlin and others give “the black drink” as the signification of Osceola, or Asseola, from the man’s capacity for that drink. Asseola was doubtless the original and true name. But “Asse” or “hasse,” in the present Seminole tongue, means “the sun.” This, with the affix “ola,” or “he-ho-lar,” would mean “the rising sun” rather than “the black drink.”

[2] As a glimpse into Indian character, it is worth recalling that Tecumseh, the Shawnee Chief, rose to the distinction of a Brigadier General in the British Army under King George III, in the War of 1812.

[3] Since the above writing, the Department of the Interior has investigated the status of the swamp land and the Government has guaranteed against purchase 23,000 acres of land to be held in trust for the Indians. Only a small part of it is arable, but when all else is wrested from these Indians, they may retire in safety to this land.

[4] Since the above writing, word has been received from the Indian camp as follows: “Hungry Land, Fla., Tallahassee, big sleep, one Moon.”

[5] For history of Coa-coo-chee (Wild-Cat) see [page 33].

[6] Vocabulary prepared by J. M. Willson Jr.

[7] In this vocabulary the words are arranged according to their subject or character, no attention being paid to alphabetical succession.

Transcriber’s Notes

The table of contents and chapter/section headings have been left as they appeared in the original source without correction. Any inconsistencies are as the author and publisher intended.

Inconsistencies in spelling and hyphenation such as “Billy Bowlegs”/“Billie Bowlegs” and “hommock”/“hammock” have been maintained.

Minor punctuation errors have been silently corrected and, except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained.

[Foreword]: “the decendants, ten years ago” changed to “the descendants, ten years ago”.
[List of Illustrations]: “Hi-a-tee, Captain Tom Tiger” changed to “Hi-e-tee, Captain Tom Tiger”.
[Page 8]: “the war with Great Britian” changed to “the war with Great Britain”.
[Page 9]: “the Indians on the Appalachicola” changed to “the Indians on the Apalachicola”.
[Page 15]: “OF DADES’ FORCES” changed to “OF DADE’S FORCES”.
[Page 16]: “The affair of Dades’ Massacre” changed to “The affair of Dade’s Massacre”.
[Page 21]: (Illustration) “MICANOPEE—HE WAS THE KING” changed to “MICANOPY—HE WAS THE KING”.
[Page 26]: “a single Seminole chieftan” changed to “a single Seminole chieftain”.
[Page 31]: “on hands and kness” changed to “on hands and knees”.
[Page 35]: “an interesting acount” changed to “an interesting account”.
[Page 40]: “After Govermental hunting” changed to “After Governmental hunting”.
[Page 40]: “went with sore unwillingless” changed to “went with sore unwillingness”.
[Page 46]: “pampared slave of the old aristocracy” changed to “pampered slave of the old aristocracy”.
[Page 57]: “some grevious wrong” changed to “some grievous wrong”.
[Page 60]: “the adventursome warriors” changed to “the adventuresome warriors”.
[Page 70]: “the blessings of Chrisitanity” changed to “the blessings of Christianity”.
[Page 70]: “the Seminole as he rufuses” changed to “the Seminole as he refuses”.
[Page 76]: “improvement is scarcely noticable” changed to “improvement is scarcely noticeable”.
[Page 79]: “peace and safty” changed to “peace and safety”.
[Page 85]: “According to date” changed to “According to data”.
[Page 88]: “from shawls or collossal handkerchiefs” changed to “from shawls or colossal handkerchiefs”.
[Page 92]: “a teriffic coast storm” changed to “a terrific coast storm”.
[Page 101]: “out baggage was unloaded” changed to “our baggage was unloaded”.
[Page 116]: “to the birde’s house” changed to “to the bride’s house”.
[Page 116]: “camp songs and the lullabys” changed to “camp songs and the lullabies”.
[Page 124]: “There tribal organization” changed to “Their tribal organization”.
[Page 131]: “sugar cane, sweet potates” changed to “sugar cane, sweet potatoes”.
[Page 136]: “covenient” changed to “convenient”.
[Page 139]: “ride landed us at Bassenger” changed to “ride landed us at Basinger”.
[Page 164]: “Man appeared to the Indain” changed to “Man appeared to the Indian”.
[Page 167]: “forsaken, pitable appearance” changed to “forsaken, pitiable appearance”.
[Page 198]: “greater than her land possesions” changed to “greater than her land possessions”.
[Page 240]: “a history so litle” changed to “a history so little”.
[Page 244]: “forth, and as Floridans” changed to “forth, and as Floridians”.
[Page 261]: (Vocabulary) “Accordeon” changed to “Accordion”.
[Page 270]: (Vocabulary) “Limkin” changed to “Limpkin”.
[Page 270]: (Vocabulary) “schreech” changed to “screech”.