PERSONAL.

The fireman, so called, in steam service of any description, should and does on the average receive double the compensation of a man who has only his labor to bargain for.

In addition, he exercises his skillful vocation in sheltered places and is almost the last of the employees of a plant to be “laid off” and is certainly the first to be called on again after stoppage.

Still further, the fireman has an almost equal opportunity, with the best shop trained machinist, for advancement to the position of engineer in charge of the most extensive steam plants.

Now! this increased pay over ordinary labor and other numerous advantages accruing from the position, demand a generous return, and in ending this work, the author suggests these “points” for observance to the aspiring student, whether engineer, fireman, or machinist, namely—that sobriety should be held one of the first elements of strict observance; an unresting tidiness of person and premises; dignity of conduct, as being owed to the rising profession of steam engineering; and lastly, an unswerving fidelity of trust, which may include honesty, truthfulness and courage.

INDEX
FOR
MAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS.

Accidents and Emergencies, [313].
Factory rules to prevent, [293].
Government rules to prevent, [290].
Acid, definition, [137].
Advantages of triple draught tubular boiler, [84].
Air used in burning 1 lb. of coal, [14].
ditto, how supplied to the coal, [14].
Description, [16].
As a material substance, [16].
Density at different depths, [16].
Weight of a column of air, [17].
As a fluid, [17].
As an impenetrable body, [17].
Five “points” for the engineer, [17].
Composition of, [17].
Specific heat of, [215].
Air valve, use of, [255].
Alcohol, specific heat of, [214].
Alkalies, definition, [137].
Alum, boiling point of, [37].
Ammoniac (Sal), boiling point of, [37].
Analysis of anthracite coal, [13].
Of bituminous coal, [13].
Of wood, [13].
Of heat, [13].
Of scale deposited in marine boilers, [146].
Of feed waters, [139-140].
Angle and T iron, dimensions and shape, [104].
Angle brick, [237].
Angle-valve, description, [273].
Anthracite coal, analysis of, [13].
Ignited with difficulty, [16].
Antimony, melting point, [42].
Answers of applicants for a marine license, [127].
Arch-brick, [237].
Area of safety valve, rule for finding, [192].
Ash pit, the, [238].
How kept during firing, [27].
Assistant engineers, classification of, [310].
Back pressure valves, description, [273].
Baffle plate, description, [169], [180].
Ball valve, description, [273].
Bark, effect on steam boilers, [151].
Barrel, rule for finding contents of, [203].
Bars, grate, description, [173].
Before lighting the fire, directions, [25].
Belts, how to safely run on pullies, [291].
Bending lead pipe, [304].
Bib cock, description, [273].
Bituminous coal, analysis of, [13].
How burned, [16].
Blast pipe for marine boiler, [63].
Bleeding, treatment of, [317].
Blowers for shavings, [20].
Blow off, description, [81].
Surface, description, [161].
Boilers, description, [48].
Upright steam, [50].
Crude form, [52].
Plain cylinder, description, [52].
Cornish, description, [54].
Lancashire, description, [55].
Galloway, description of, [58].
Marine, description of, [60].
Marine, table of dimensions, [62].
Locomotive portable, [80].
Construction of, [89].
Caulking, [94].
Dangers from syphoning, [288].
Dangers from gas, [288].
Foaming in, [42].
Fulcring, [94].
Horse power of, [234].
Proper steam connection for, [276].
Boiler braces, “points” relating to, [104].
Boiler coverings, [273].
Boiler, Compound, composition of, [151-152].
Compound, for locomotives, [149].
Boiler castings, specification of, [86].
Boiler cleaners, mechanical description, [159], [160].
Boiler explosions, causes of, [286].
Boiler fittings and mountings, [87].
Fixtures, description, [164].
Boiler flue brushes, use of, [21].
Boiler fronts, description, [165].
Boiler injector, description, [206].
Boiling, process of, [37].
Boiling points of various substances, [37].
Boiler maker’s tools and machinery, [281].
Boilers newly set, how fired, [28].
No two alike, [25].
Boiler and pipe covering, mixtures for, [275-276].
Boiler plates, example of riveting, [114].
Marks on, [88].
Boiler repairs, [123].
Note, [125].
Boiler scale, analysis of, [148].
Boiler scum, how formed, [150].
Boiler setting, [236].
Boiler steel, description of quality, [90].
Boiler tubes, dimensions of lap welded tubes, [110].
Table of holding power, [111].
Experiments in strength of, [111].
Notes, [110], [112].
Illustration of size, [245].
Boiler testing, specification, [87].
Bolts, strain on, rule, [99].
Socket, description, [103].
Bolt, plumber’s copper pointed, [308].
Bones, broken, treatment of, [318].
Borer, tap, plumber’s, [306].
Box coil, description, [257].
Brace, difference between, and stay, [103].
Head to head, description, [103].
Crow foot, [103].
Braces, shop names for, [103].
Table for calculations, [107-109].
Table of diameters, [103].
Inspector’s rules, [102].
Specification for, [86].
“Points” relating to, [104].
Bracing of steam boilers, [96].
Bracket, valve, description, [272].
Brass, conducting power of, [213].
Brick, furnace, [237].
Brine valve, description, [277].
Broken bones, treatment of, [318].
Burns and scalds, treatment of, [313].
Burn mixture, [315].
Bushing, description, [274].
Butt joint, illustration, [115].
Calculations relating to steam heating, [262].
Relating to pumps, [22].
Relating to safety valves, [191].
Calipers, use of, [22].
Cape chisel, [307], [281].
Carbon, description of, [229].
Carbonate, definition, [136].
Of magnesia, definition, [138].
Of lime, at what temperature deposited, [148].
Carbonic acid, in water how detected, [153-154].
Specific heat of, [215].
Carbonic acid gas, description of, [230].
Carbonic oxide, description of, [231].
Specific heat of, [215].
Carbonization, method of, [15].
Care and management of the steam boiler, [24].
Care of steam fittings, [268].
Care of water tube boilers, [70].
Castings, for boiler, specification, [86].
Caulking, description, [94].
Caulking tools, plumber’s, [308].
Certificates of Inspection, issuing of, [131].
Chain riveting, example, [93].
Chapter of “Don’ts,” [44-47].
Charcoal, description, [15].
Specific heat of, [214].
Charcoal Iron, description, [88].
Check valve, description, [273].
Chemical terms relating to feed water, [136].
Chemistry, definition, [136].
Chemistry of the furnace, [226].
Chief engineers, classification of, [310].
Chimney draught, [296].
Chisel, cold, [307].
Cape, [307].
Round nose, [307].
Half round nose, [307].
Wood, [307].
Diamond nose, [307].
Gasket, [308].
Chloride, definition, [137].
Chlorides, how indicated in water, [157].
C. H. No. 1 F, [88].
C. H. No. 1 FB, [88].
Circle brick, [237].
Circulation, water, [294].
Cisterns, capacity of, [202].
Clamp, boiler, description and cut, [123].
Classification of marine engineers, [310].
Cleaners, mechanical boiler, description, [159-180].
Cleaning out boilers under firing, [20].
Coal tar, how best fired, [30].
Coal, [13].
What it consists of, [13].
Common proportions, [13].
Introduction of air in burning, [13].
Bituminous, how it burns, [16].
Anthracite, how it burns, [16].
Comparative evaporation, [18].
Specific heat of, [214].
Storing and handling of, [225].
Cocks, description, [270].
Valve, description, [272].
Gauge, description, [170].
Bib, description, [273].
Three way, description, [273].
Four way, description, [273].
Coil, box, description, [257].
Pipe, description, [257].
Coke, description, [15].
Comparative evaporation, [18].
Ratio between heating and grate surface, [28].
How best fired, [28].
Specific heat of, [214].
Cold chisel, [307].
Cold short, definition, [121].
Columns, glass water gauge, [177].
Combustible parts of coal, [16].
Combustion, operation on materials, [16].
Chamber, [238].
Chambers of marine boilers, [62].
Compasses, use of, [22].
Compass saw, [308].
Compound, boiler, composition, [151-2].
For locomotive boilers, [149].
C No. 1, iron, [88].
Condenser, surface description, [65].
Operation of, [66].
Conducting power of various substances, [213].
Conical head of rivets, description, [113].
Construction of boilers, description, [89].
And drawing rivet heads, [113].
Contraction of area, definition, [121].
Conveyors, screw, [20].
Copper, conducting power of, [213].
Radiating power of, [213].
Specific heat of, [214].
Cornish boiler, description of, [54].
Defects of, [54].
Corrosion of steam boilers, [126], [142], [144].
Coverings for pipes and boilers, [275].
Coupling, description, [274].
For pipe, [250].
Cracks in boilers, how to repair, [123].
Cross T, description, [274].
Crowfoot brace, [103].
Cup head of rivets, description, [118].
Cutaway front, description, [165-167].
Cuts and wounds, treatment of, [316].
Cylinder boiler, description, [52].
Defects of, [53].
Dampers and doors to the furnace, [39].
Damper regulators, description, [185].
Danger, points, in steam boiler, [125].
Dart, description and cut, [19].
Dead end of pipe, [284].
Dead plate, description, [180], [237].
Dead steam, description, [282].
Dedication, [5].
Defects, table of, [125].
Defects and necessary repairs to boilers, [123].
Definition of Terms, [121].
Designing boilers, relating to stayed surfaces, [99].
Device for using kerosene oil, [158].
Diamond nose chisel, [307].
Directions before lighting the fire, 25.
For firing with various fuels, [27].
Disc for boiler makers, [281].
“Don’ts,” a chapter of, [44-47].
Doors, furnace, description, [168-170].
Double seat valve, description, [273].
Also see [Fig. 158].
Drain, the steam, description, [81].
Drainage and piping, description and illustration, [299].
Drain cock, description, [181].
Draughts, at time of lighting the fire, [26].
Of chimney, [296].
Regulating the draught, [41].
Drawings of rivet heads, [118].
Drum, mud, description, [179].
Dry steam, description, [282].
Ductile, definition, [121].
Dudgeon expanders, description, [281].
Duties of the fireman, [27].
Duty of boiler, specification, [87].
Dust (coal), firing of, [40].
Economizer, fuel, description, [185].
Elasticity, definition, [121].
Elastic limit, definition, [121].
Elbow, description, [274].
Element, definition, [136].
Ell, description, [274].
Elongation of steel plate, [90].
Definition, [121].
Ether, specific heat of, [214].
Engineer’s questions, [133].
Examinations, “points, ”[133].
Tests for impurities in water, [153].
Evans, Oliver., [viii].
Examination of engineers, [133].
Exhaust steam heating, [267].
Expanders (dudgeon), [281].
Expansion (linear), of steam pipe, [270].
Explosions, boiler, [286].
Of steam pipe, [287].
Factory rules to prevent accident, [293].
Fatigued, definition, [121].
Feed water, analysis of, [139-140].
Engineer’s tests, [153].
A precipitator for sea water, [146].
Examples of analysis, [140-141].
Preliminary precipitation, [144].
Description, [196].
Heaters, “points” relating to, [201].
Heaters, table of savings, [200].
Purifier, description, [185].
Fire, thickness of, [40].
What to do in case of, [40].
Fire box iron, description, [88].
Fire brick arch in locomotive, [35].
Fire clay, conducting power of, [213].
Fire door, [237].
Fire irons, [21].
Firemen, advantages of trained, [24].
Fire pails, use of, [21].
Firing, trick of, [24].
Boilers newly set, [28].
With straw, description, [31].
Duties of the fireman, [27].
Ocean steamer, description, [32].
Improper method, [27].
Proper method, [26].
With oil, description, [32].
With coal tar, description, [30].
Of twenty horse power, description, [30].
Sixteen steam boilers, description, [29].
With shavings, [33].
With coke, directions, [28].
Of steam boilers, [24].
Under a boiler, gases and solids produced, [16].
With saw dust, [33].
A new plant, [37].
With coal dust and screenings, [40].
Firing with tan bark, [36].
Boilers, experiments in England, [40],
A locomotive, [35].
Files, use of, [21].
Fish trap, [205].
Fittings of marine boilers, [63].
For boiler, specification, [87].
Fixtures, boiler, description, [164].
Flame, luminous, [41].
Of anthracite coal, [16].
Flange iron, description, [88].
Flange of boiler head, proper radius, [103].
Flanges for pipe, [248].
Flanges, how to be turned, etc., [85].
Flat surfaces in boilers, how to stay, [98].
Flues and tubes, sweeping, [39].
Flush front, description, [165-166].
Foaming in boilers, [42].
Four way cock, description, [273].
Fronts, boiler, description, [165].
Frost-bite, treatment of, [317].
Fuel, loss of, by incrustation, [143].
Fuel economizer, description, [185].
Fuel-oil, [289].
Rules relating to, [290].
Fuels, liquid and gas, [15].
Table of comparative evaporative value, [18].
Fullering, description, [94].
Fulton, Robert, [viii].
Furnace, temperature of, [42].
Fire, kindling of, [241].
Chemistry of, [229].
Dampers and doors, [39].
Doors, description, [168-170].
The, [237].
Fusible plugs, description, [171], [172].
Galloway boiler, description of, [58].
Table of dimensions, [60].
Gas, difference between it and a liquid, [216].
As a fuel, [15].
From coal, comparative evaporation, [18].
Dangers from, in idle boilers, [288].
Amount burned in ventilating pipes, [265].
Gasket chisel, [308].
Gas pipe, illustrations of size, [243].
Gas pliers, description, [269].
Gate valve, description, [273].
Generators, steam, description, [48].
Glass, specific heat of, [214].
Radiating power of, [213].
Glass gauges, description, [177].
Glass water gauge columns, [177].
Globe valve, description, [272].
Gold, radiating power of, [213].
Conducting power of, [213].
Grate, the, [237].
Grate bars, description, [173].
How to preserve from excessive heat, [38].
Shaking grates, [174].
How kept during firing, [27].
Grooving of steam boilers, [126].
List of cases, [125].
Growth of the steam boiler, [52].
Gauge, steam, description, [181].
Gauge cocks, description, [176].
Gauges, glass, description, [177].
Gauges, pressure recording, description, [233].
Gusset stays, description, [100], [103].
Hammer, water, description, [283].
Pein, [306].
Hammer test of rivets, [95].
Hand-hole plates, description, [81].
Hanger for pipes, [308].
Hazards of fuel-oil, [289].
Of the boiler room, [285].
Heads of rivets, cup, conical, pan heads, [113].
Head to head brace, description, [103].
Heat, laws of, [212].
Unit of, [214].
Specific, [214].
How it becomes effective, [13].
Heaters, feed water, description, [196].
Heating, steam and hot water, [251].
By exhaust steam, [267].
Heat proof paints, [232].
Heat stroke, treatment of, [315].
High pressure steam, [283].
Hinged valves, description, [272].
Hoes, use of, [21].
Homogeneous, definition, [121].
Horizontal tubular boiler, description, [79].
Parts of, [81].
Table of sizes, [77].
Horse power, rule for estimating, [235].
As applied to boilers, [234].
Hose, rubber, use of, [21].
Hot short, definition, [122].
How to carry injured persons, [319].
How to prepare for inspection of steam boilers, [130].
Hydrogen, specific heat of, [215].
Description of, [230].
Hydraulic test, [131].
Ice, radiating power of, [213].
Specific heat of, [214].
Improper method of firing, cuts and description, [27].
Incrustation of steam boilers, [142-144].
Example of, [142].
And scale, list of cases, [125].
Table showing quantity collecting, [103].
Of boilers, “points” relation to, [149-152].
Individuality of each steam boiler, [25].
Injector, description, [206].
Injured persons, how to carry, [319], [320].
Inspection of steam boilers, [129].
How to make ready for, [129-130].
Inspector’s questions to applicant, [128].
Inspector’s rules relating to braces, [102].
Interceptor, steam, description, [183].
Introduction, [10].
Iron, T, description of, [103].
(Hammered), melting point, [42].
(Wrought), melting point, [42].
Fire box, description, [88].
Charcoal iron, description, [88].
(Wrought), conducting power of, [213].
Polished, radiating power of, [213].
Specific heat of, [214].
Melting point, [42].
Flange, description, [88].
Cast, conducting power of, [213].
Irons, fire, [21].
Issuing certificates of inspection, [131].
Jackscrews, description, [281].
Jam brick, [237].
Joints, putty, how to make, [303].
Joints of lead pipe, [300].
Joints of pipes, [248].
Kerosene oil in boilers, “points” of, [156-7].
Kindling a furnace fire, [241].
L, description, [274].
Lace cutters, use of, [21].
Ladders, use of, [21].
Ladle, [306].
Lamp black, radiating power of, [213].
Lancashire boiler, description, [55].
Defects of, [55].
Language of steam boilers, [39].
Lanterns, use of, [21].
Lap joint, illustration, [115].
Laws of heat, [212].
Lazy bar, description, [20].
Lead, [299].
Advantages in use of, [299].
Melting point, [42].
Conducting power of, [213].
Wrought, radiating power of, [213].
Specific heat of, [214].
Polished, radiating power of, [213].
Lead pipe, how to make putty joints, [304].
Table of sizes and weights, [305].
How to bend, [304].
Lead pipe joints, [300].
Lever, length, rule, [193].
Lifting valves, description, [273].
Lime, definition, [138].
Liquid, difference between it and a gas, [216].
Litmus paper, definition, [153].
Live steam, description, [282].
Locknut, description, [274].
Locomotive, firing of, [35].
Boiler Compound, [149].
Or charging shovel, description, [19].
Locomotive boilers, description, [72].
How to rivet, [115].
Locomotive portable boiler, description, [80].
Looking glass, [307].
Loop, (steam), description of, [278-280].
Low pressure steam, [283].
Lugs, specification of, [86].
Luminous flame, [41].
Magnesia, definition, [138].
At what temperature deposited, [148].
Carbonate of, definition, [138].
Malleable, definition, [121].
Manhole cover, description, [81].
Manhole plates, specification, [86].
Marine boilers, description of, [60].
How to rivet, [115].
Fittings for, [63].
Table of dimensions, [62].
Super heaters, [64].
Use of zinc in, [162].
Blast pipe for, [63].
Uptakes, [64].
Parts which first give way, [112].
Incrustation and scaling of, [146-147].
Marine engineers classification of, [310].
Rules relating to, [309].
Marks on boiler plates, [88].
Marble, conducting power of, [213].
Materials, [12], [13].
Mechanical scrapers, [187].
Mechanical stokers, [134-135].
Mercury, specific heat of, [214].
Radiating power of, [213].
Meters, water, description, [203].
Moisture, in wood, [14].
Mouth piece, furnace, [236].
Mud drum, description, [179].
Newly set boilers, how fired, [28].
Nickel steel boiler plates, description, [91].
Nipple, description, [274].
Nitric acid, boiling point of, [37].
Nitrogen, specific heat of, [215].
Description of, [230].
Non-conductors, [276].
Noiseless water-heater, [312].
Ocean steamer, how to fire, [32].
Oil, fuel, [289].
Kerosene, in boilers, “points” of, [156-157].
Specific heat of, [214].
Firing with, [32].
Ore barrow, use of, [20].
Organic matter in water, how indicated, [154].
Ornamental paints, [232].
Overhanging front, description, [165-167].
Overhead system of heating, [256].
Oxide, definition, [136].
Of iron how best treated, [148].
Oxygen, description of, [229].
Specific heat of, [215].
United with coal, [17].
Paints, heat proof, [232].
Palm stays, description, [100].
Pan head of rivets, description, [113].
Patch-screw, description and cut, [123].
Peat, description, [14].
Analysis of, [13].
Charcoal, description, [15].
Comparative evaporation, [18].
Pein hammer, [306].
Petroleum, as a fuel, [15].
Oil, comparative evaporation, [18].
In boilers, use of, [155].
Philadelphia Water Works example of gain in good firemen, [25].
Pipes, table of surfaces and capacities, [246].
Joints of, [248].
How to weld, [264].
Used for ice machinery, [263].
Table of “data” relative to, [247].
Pipes and piping, description, [244].
Pipe coil, description, [257].
Pipe couplings, [250].
Pipe cutter, description and cut, [269].
Pipe hanger, [308].
Pipe, gas, illustration of size, [243].
Pipe tongs, description, [269].
Pipe union, description, [274].
Piping, dead end, [284].
Piping and drainage, description and illustration, [209].
Pitting, of steam boilers, [126].
Planer, (power), for boiler makers, [281].
Plate, dead, description, [180].
Quality of steel, [90].
Plates, baffle, description, [180].
Burned and blistered, list, [125].
For boilers, table of thicknesses, [113].
Pliers, gas, description, [269].
Plug, description, [274].
Plugs, fusible, description, [171-172].
Plumb-bob, description, [306].
Plumber’s solder, how to make, [305].
Plumber’s tools, description, [306-309].
Solder, rule for making, [305].
Plumber’s wipe joint, [298].
Plumbing, description and cuts, [298].
What engineers should know, [298].
“Points” relating to firing, [37].
Relating to boiler braces, [104].
Of danger in steam boiler, [125].
Relating to grate bars, [175].
Relating to water gauge cocks, [176].
Relating to glass gauges, [177].
Relating to the steam gauge, [182].
Relating to safety valves, [194].
Relating to feed water heaters, [201].
Relating to water meters, [204].
Relating to injectors, [209].
Relating to pumps, [218-221].
Relating to boiler setting, [239-241].
Relating to steam heating, [254].
Relating to chimneys and draught, [297].
Poker, description and cuts, [19].
Portable boiler, locomotive, description, [80].
Car track, use of, [20].
Potter, Humphry, inventor of valve motion, [270].
Poultices, how to make, [319].
Power planer for boiler makers, [281].
Power punch for boiler makers, [281].
Precipitation of impurities in feed water, [144].
Preface, [7].
Preparation for firing steam boilers, [24].
Pressure gauges, list of defective cases, [123].
Regulator valve, [274].
Pressure of safety valve, rule, [192].
Principles relating to water, [223].
Proper method of firing, cut and description, [21].
Punch for boiler makers, [281].
Pump, description, [215].
Classification, [217].
Parts of, Illustration, [218].
Double acting, [218].
Direct pressure, [216].
Calculations relating to, [222].
Strainer, for, description, [223].
Points relating to, [218-221].
Putty joints, how to make, [303].
Questions of applicant for marine license, [127].
Asked by examining engineers, [309].
Of proprietor, relating to steam boiler, [127].
Radiant rays of heat, “point,” [38].
Radiating power of various substances, [213].
Radiation of heat, law relating to, [39].
Railroad barrow, use of, [20].
Ram, water, [284].
Ratio of grate to heating surface, [175].
Re-agent, definition, [136].
Reamer, plumber’s, [306].
Recording pressure gauges, description, [233].
Reducing coupling, description, [274].
Regulating the draught, [41].
Regulations relating to marine engineers, [309].
Regulators, damper, description, [185].
Relief valve, description, [272].
Repairing leaky tubes, [126].
Repairs to boilers, “points” on, [124-6].
Riveting, modes of, [93].
Specification for, [86].
Description, [91].
Double description, [91].
Chain, example, [93].
Zig-Zag, example, [93].
Treble, example, [93].
Unequal pitches, example, [93].
Example of riveting boiler plates, [114-116].
Hammers for boiler makers, [281].
List of defective cases, [125].
Rivet heads of cup, conical, pan heads, [113].
Rivet heating machines, [261].
Rivets, description, [93].
Steel, description, [95].
Table of diameters, [113].
Rivet set, [307].
Tests, [95].
Riveted stays, description, [106].
Rolls for boiler makers, [281].
Rotary valves, description, [273].
Round nose chisel, [307].
Rubber hose, use of, [21].
Rule for estimating horse power of boilers, [235].
For finding area of valve opening, [195].
To find pressure in lbs. of column of water, [222].
To find area of steam piston of pump, [222].
To find quantity of water elevated, [222].
For finding contents of a barrel, [203].
For reading water meters, [204].
For making boiler and pipe covering, [275-276].
For making solder, [305].
For finding strain on bolts, [99].
For safe internal pressure, [117].
For determining areas of steam boilers, [105].
For calculating contents of steam and water in the steam boiler, [105].
Rules, U. S., regarding safety valves, [189].
For safety valves, [193].
Inspectors, relating to bracing, [102].
Relating to fuel oil, [290].
Factory, to prevent accident, [293].
Government, to prevent accident, [290].
Before lighting the furnace fire, [25].
Running of steam boilers under fire, [24].
Safe internal pressure, rule and example, [117].
Tables, [118-120].
Safety factor of steam boilers, [96].
Safety valves, description, [187].
Rules, [191], [193].
Rule to find area of opening, [195].
Table showing rise of valve, [195].
List of defects, [125].
Points relating to, [194].
Salt, definition, [138].
Sand-bending of lead pipe, [304].
Saturated steam, [283].
Saw, compass.[308].
Plumber’s, [307].
Saw dust, firing with, [33], [242].
As a fuel, [16].
Sea water precipitator, [145].
Sectional steam boilers, description, [71].
Sentinel valve, description, [184].
Separator, steam, description, [183].
Set screws, dangers arising from, [292].
Setting of steam boilers, [236].
Of water tube boilers, [239].
Scalds, treatment of, [313].
Scale deposited in marine boilers, analysis, [146-147].
Boiler, analysis of, [148].
Scaling of steam boilers, “points,” [149-152].
Scope of the work, [12].
Scoop shovel, cut and description, [19].
Scrapers, mechanical, [187].
Screenings, firing of coal dust and, [40].
Screw conveyors, use of, [20].
Screw-jacks, use of, [21].
Screw stays, description, [101].
Scum of boilers, how formed.[150].
Scumming apparatus, description, [161].
Shaking grates, description, [174].
Shavings, firing with, [33].
Blowers, use of, [20].
Shearing strength, definition, [121].
Shears for boiler makers, [281].
Shell of boiler, description, [81].
Shovels, cut and description of, [19].
Side brackets for boilers, [240].
Silica, definition, [137].
Silver, radiating power of, [213].
Conducting power of, [213].
Melting point, [42].
Six inch flue, boiler, [78].
Slice bar, description and cuts, [19].
“Point” relating to its use, [30].
Smoke, insensibility from, treatment, [315].
Snips, plumber’s, [306].
Socket bolts, description, [103].
Soda, definition, [138].
Proportion of, in water, [154].
Acetate of, boiling point of, [37].
Sodium, definition, [138].
Solder, rule for making plumber’s, [305].
Sounds, or language of steam boilers, [39].
Source of power in the steam engine, [13].
Specifications for 125 H. P. steam boiler, [85].
Specific heat, description, [214].
Table, [214].
Spectacle piece, [124].
Spirit level, [307].
Stay bolts, hollow, description, [103].
Staying of flat surfaces, [98].
Stays and braces, list of defective cases, [125].
Stays, gusset, description, [100].
Of marine boilers, [75].
Of locomotive boilers, [75].
“Points” relating to boiler stays, [104].
Palm, description, [100].
Screwed, description, [101].
And brace, difference, [103].
Table for calculations, [107-109].
Steam, description, [282].
Specific heat of, [215].
Dry, [282].
Dead, [282].
Live, [282].
Saturated, [283].
Wet, [283].
High pressure, [283].
Low pressure, [283].
Superheated, [283].
Specific gravity of, [283].
Total heat of, [283].
Steam and hot water heating, [251].
Steam boiler, growth of the, [52].
Water tube, [67].
Sectional, description of, [71].
Triple draught, [81-82].
Six-inch flue, [78].
Two-flue, [78].
Steam boilers, locomotive, [72].
Idle, dangers of, [288].
Inspector’s rules relating to bracing of, [102].
Use of petroleum in, [155].
Effect of sugar on, [150].
Corrosion and incrustation, [142].
Scaling of, “points,” [149-152].
Effect of bark on, [151].
Bracing, [96].
Specification for 125 H. P., [85].
Steam drum or dome, description, [81].
Steam fitter’s vise, [269].
Steam fittings, care, [268].
Description, [274].
Steam gauge, description, [181].
Steam generators, [48].
Steam heating by exhaust, [267].
How much space 1 H. P. will heat, [262].
Steam loop, note relating to, [295].
Description, [278-280].
Steam pipe, linear expansion of, [276].
Steam pipe explosions, [287].
Steam pump, [215].
Steam separator, description, [183].
Steam space of boilers, rule and example, [105].
Steam whistle, description, [180].
Steel rivets, description, [95].
Steel, boiler, description, [90].
Melting point, [42].
Specific heat of, [214].
Steel plates, nickel steel, description, [91].
Quality and thickness in, [85].
Quality of, [90].
Stephenson, George, [viii].
Stock and dies, use of, [21].
Stoker, mechanical, [134].
Storing coal, [225].
Straightway valve, description, [273].
Strainer, for pump, description, [223].
Strain on bolts, rule and example, [99].
Straw, how best fired, [31].
Composition of, as fuel, [15].
Sugar, effect of, on steam boilers, [150].
Sulphates, how indicated, [154].
Definition, [137].
Sulphate of lime, at what temperature deposited, [148].
Sulphur, description of, [230].
Sulphuric acid, boiling point of, [37].
Sunstroke, treatment of, [315].
Superheated steam, [283].
Superheater of marine boiler, [64].
Surface blow off, description, [161].
Surface condenser, description, [65].
Swing valve, description, [273].
Syphon, dangers from, in boilers, [288].
T, description, [274].
T irons, description and use, [103].
Dimensions and shape, [104].
Table of evaporation, [18].
Melting points of metals, [42].
Temperature, judged by color, [42].
Of dimensions, Galloway boiler, [60].
Of marine boilers, [62].
Diameter of braces, [103].
For calculating the number of stays, [107-109].
Of dimensions of boiler tubes, [110].
Holding power of boiler tubes, [111].
Of diameter of rivets and thickness of plate, [113].
Of safe internal pressure, [118-120].
Of defects found in steam boilers, [125].
Showing loss at different thicknesses by corrosion, [143].
Showing sediment collecting in boilers, [163].
Showing rise of safety valve, [195].
Of savings from use of feed water, [200].
Capacity of cisterns, [202],
Of specific heat, [214].
Of conducting power of various substances, [213].
Of radiating power of various substances, [213].
Weight of cubic foot of water, [224].
Weight and capacity of gallons of water, [225].
Comparative quantity of water which can be evaporated, [231].
Surfaces and capacities of pipes, [246].
Of data relating to pipes, [247].
Bursting pressure of tubes, [264].
Of weights of round and plate iron, [309], [311].
Conducting power of various substances, [275].
Relative value of non-conductors, [276].
Weights of lead pipe, [305].
Tan, description, [15].
Tan bark, comparative evaporation, [18].
Firing with, [36].
Tanks, for fuel oil, how to construct, [290].
Tan-liquor, unsafe use of, in boilers, [185].
Tap-borer, plumber’s, [306].
Taps and dies, description, [269].
Tee, description, [274].
Temperature of a furnace, [42].
Tensile strength of steel plate, [90].
Of boilers, [121].
Test, the hydraulic, [131].
Testing-boiler, specification, [87].
Testing boilers under steam pressure, [287].
Test pieces, description and illustration, [105], [112].
Tests for impurities in water, [153].
Tests of steel rivets, [95].
Thimbles, specification for, [86].
Three way cock, description, [273].
Throttle valve, description, [273].
Tin, melting point, [42].
Conducting power of, [213].
Specific heat of, [214].
Radiating power of, [213].
Tissue paper, radiating power of, [213].
Tongs for boiler makers, [281].
Tool box, description, [22].
Tools, plumber’s, description, [306-309].
Handy for the fire-room, [21].
Used in steam fitting, [269].
Boiler maker’s, [281].
Plumber’s caulking, [308].
Torch, [307].
Total heat of steam, [283].
Tough, definition, [121].
Trained or untrained firemen, difference, [24].
Trap, fish, [205].
Treble riveting, example, [93].
Triple draught, tubular boiler, [82].
Trevithick, Richard, [frontispiece.]
Tube expanders, [281].
Tubes, how to weld, [264].
Table of bursting and collapsing pressures, [264].
Boiler, illustration of size, [245].
Experiments in holding power, [111].
Table of holding power, [111].
Boiler, table of dimensions, [110].
Leaky, how to repair, [126].
Tubes and flues, sweeping, [39].
Tube sheets, description, [81].
Turn-pin, description, [306].
Two flue steam boiler, [78].
Umbria, steamer, firing boilers, [32].
Unequal riveting, example, [93].
Union, description, [274].
Unit of chimney measurements, [297].
Upright steam boilers, description, [51].
Uptakes of marine boiler, [64].
Valve, gate, [273].
Globe, description, [272].
Brine, description, [273].
Pop, description, [184].
Angle, description, [273].
Check, description, [278].
Sentinel, description, [184].
Pressure regulator, [274].
Rotary, description, [273].
Straightway, description, [273].
Throttle, description, [273].
Ball, description, [273].
Chamber, description, [272].
Double beat and double seat, [273].
Swing description, [273].
Valve bracket, description, [272].
Valve cock, description, [272].
Valve coupling, description, [272].
Valves, description, [271].
Safety, description, [187].
Of what material made, [274].
Valves, hinged, description, [272].
Relief, description, [272].
Back pressure, description, [273].
Lifting, description, [274].
Valves and cocks, description, [272].
Valve-seat, description, [272].
Vaults for fuel oil, how to construct, [289].
Ventilation, [265].
Vise, steamfitter’s, [269].
Vises, use of, [21].
Water, how formed, [143].
Principles relating to, [223].
Principal temperatures of, [224].
Point of maximum density, [224].
The boiling point, [224].
The standard temperature, [224].
pecific heat of, [214].
Boiling point of pure, [37].
Radiating power of, [213].
Conducting power of, [213].
Freezing point, [224].
Water, (sea,) precipitator for, [145].
Boiling point of salt, [37].
Water bending of lead pipe, [304].
Water circulation, [294].
Water grate bars, description, [175].
Gauge cocks, description, [176].
Water hammer, [283].
Water meters, rule for reading, [205].
Description, [203].
Water ram, [284].
Water space of boilers, rule and example, [105].
Water table in locomotive, [35].
Water tube steam boiler, description, [67].
Water heater, noiseless, [312].
Water tube steam boiler, setting of, [239].
Watt, James, [68].
Weight of different standard gallons of water, [225].
Of a column of air, [17].
Weldable, definition, [121].
Welding boiler and other tubes, [264].
Wet steam, [283].
Wheelbarrow, use of, [20].
Whistle, steam, description, [180].
Whitewash, description, [232].
Wipe joint, how to make, [300].
Plumber’s, [298].
Wood, comparative evaporation, [18].
Specific heat of, [214].
As a combustible, [14].
“Hint as to drying,” [14].
Wood charcoal, comparative evaporation, [18].
Wood chisel, [307].
Wounds, treatment of, [310].
Writing paper, radiating power of, [213].
Zig-zag riveting, example, [93].
Zinc, conducting power of, [213].
Melting point, [42].
Effect on corrosion of boilers, [150].
Use in marine boilers, [162].
Specific heat of, [214].

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ENGINEERS’ EXAMINATIONS $2

THIS work is an important aid to engineers of all grades, and is undoubtedly the most helpful ever issued relating to a safe and sure preparation for examination. It presents in a condensed form the most approved practice in the care and management of Steam Boilers, Engines, Pumps, Electrical and Refrigerating Machines, also a few plain rules of arithmetic with examples of how to work the problems relating to the safety valve, strength of boilers and horse power of the Steam Engine and Steam Boiler.

It contains various rules, regulations and laws of large cities for the examination of boilers and the licensing of engineers. It contains the laws and regulations of the United States for the examination and grading of all marine engineers.

The book gives the underlying principles of steam engineering in plain language, with very many sample questions and answers likely to be asked by the examiner.

It also gives a short chapter on the “Key to Success” in obtaining knowledge necessary for advancement in engineering.

HAWKIN’S AIDS.

Engineers’ Examinations
—with—
Questions and Answers

This helpful volume contains 200 pages of valuable information not elsewhere obtainable; it is bound in rich red leather with full gold edges and titles; it measures 5 × 7¹⁄₂ inches and weighs twenty-two ounces.

PRICE, $2, Postpaid.

THEO. AUDEL & CO., 63 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

STEAM BOILER PRACTICE $2

THIS book of instruction on boiler-room practice will be of great help to firemen, engineers and all others who wish to learn about this important branch of Steam Engineering.

It treats on materials, coals, wood, coke, and oil and gas, fuels, etc., their composition, properties, combustive value, also on combustion and evaporation.

Giving the practical rules to be observed in firing with various fuels, management of steam boilers, prevention of foaming; tools and fire irons; covering stationary, marine and locomotive boilers.

It enumerates sixty important points of cautions to be observed in the proper management of boilers.

It contains a description of and full treatise on stationary, marine and locomotive boilers, and the historical development of boilers; specifications for boilers; riveting; bracing; rules for finding pressure or strain on bolts.

It gives inspectors rules relating to braces in steam boilers. Also rules and tables for calculating areas and steam and water space of boilers.

It treats on boiler tubes, construction and drawing of boiler sections; defects and necessary repairs; inspection of steam boilers; mechanical stokers’ corrosion and scale, boiler compounds, feed water heaters, injectors, pumps, boiler settings; pipes and piping; steam heating, chemistry of the furnace; boiler making; plumbing, and hundreds of other useful subjects.

It states several plain rules for the calculation of safety valve problems and those sanctioned by the U. S. inspectors.

MAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE BOILER ROOM
N. HAWKINS ME

AUDEL & CO.

The volume has 330 pages and 185 illustrations and diagrams. It is 6 × 8¹⁄₂ in. in size and weighs 28 ounces. The binding is uniform with that of the “Calculations” and “Catechism of the Steam Engine,” being bound in heavy green cloth, with ornamental titles and edges in gold.

PRICE, $2, Postpaid.

THEO. AUDEL & CO., 63 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

CALCULATIONS FOR ENGINEERS $2

THE Hand Book of Calculations is a work of instruction and reference relating to the steam engine, the steam boiler, etc., and has been said to contain every calculation, rule and table necessary to be known by the Engineer, Fireman and a steam user.

Giving a complete course in Mathematics for the Engineer and steam user; all calculations are in plain arithmetical figures, so that the average man need not be confused by the insertion of the terms, symbols and characters to be found in works of so-called “higher mathematics.”

Mechanical Powers; Natural or Mechanical Philosophy; Strength of Materials; Mensuration; Arithmetic; Description of Algebra and Geometry.

Tables of Weights, Measures, Strength of Rope and Chains, Pressures of Water, Diameter of Pipes, etc.; The Indicator, How to Compute; The Safety Valve, How to Figure; The Steam Boiler; The Steam Pump; Horse Powers, How to Figure for Engines and Boilers; Steam, What It Is, etc.

Index and Useful Definitions.

HAND BOOK
OF
CALCULATION
FOR
ENGINEERS

H. HAWKINS ME

AUDEL & CO.

This work contains 330 pages and 150 illustrations; it is durably and handsomely bound, uniform in style and size with the “Instructions for the Boiler Room” and the “Catechism of the Steam Engine;” it has gold edges and titles, and weighs over 28 ounces.

PRICE, $2, Postpaid.

THEO. AUDEL & CO., 63 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

STEAM ENGINE PRACTICE $2

“It has been well said that engineers are born, not made; those in demand to fill the positions created by the great installations of power-producing machinery now so common, are men who are familiar with the contents of good books, and as well, are the product of a hard bought practical experience.”

THIS work is gotten up to fill a long-felt need for a practical book. It gives directions for running the various types of steam engines that are to-day in the market.

A list of subjects, which are fully yet concisely discussed, are as follows:

Introduction; The Steam Engine; Historical Facts Relating to the Steam Engine: Engine Foundations; The Steam Piston; Connecting Rods; Eccentric; Governor; Materials; Workmanship; Care and Management; Lining up a Horizontal or Vertical Engine; Lining Shafting; Valve Setting; Condensers; Steam Separators; Air, Gas, and Compressing Engines: Compounding; Arithmetic of the Steam Engine; Theory of the Steam Engine; Construction.

There also is a description of numerous types of the engines now in operation, such as the Corliss, Westinghouse, and many others.

The book also treats generously upon the Marine, Locomotive and Gas Engines.

NEW CATECHISM
OF THE
STEAM ENGINE

N. HAWKINS ME

AUDEL & CO.

This is a rarely fine book, handsomely bound in green silk cloth, with full gold edges and titles; it contains 440 pages, 325 illustrations; in size it is 6 × 8¹⁄₄ inches, and weighs 2 pounds.

PRICE, $2, Postpaid.

THEO. AUDEL & CO., 63 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

STEAM ENGINE INDICATOR $1

THE work is designed for the use of erecting and operating engineers, superintendents, and students of steam engineering, relating, as it does, to the economical use of steam.

The following is a general outline of the subjects defined, illustrated and presented most helpfully in the book.

Preparing the Indicator for use; Reducing Motions; Piping up Indicator; Taking Indicator Cards; The Diagram; Figuring Steam consumption by the diagram; Revolution Counters; Examples of Diagrams; Description of Indicators; Measuring Diagram by Ordinates; Planimeters; Pantagraphs, Tables, etc.

He who studies this work thoughtfully will reap great benefit and will find that there is nothing difficult or mysterious about the use of the Steam Engine Indicator. This knowledge is necessary to every well-informed engineer and will undoubtedly be highly appreciated and a stepping-stone toward promotion and better things.

Practical Treatise
—on the—
Steam Engine Indicator

HAWKINS INDICATOR.

The work is fully illustrated, handsomely bound, and is in every way a high grade publication.

——PRICE, $1.00——

THEO. AUDEL & CO., 63 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

TELEPHONE ENGINEERING $1

THE “A B C of the Telephone” is a book valuable to all persons interested in this ever-increasing industry. No expense has been spared by the publishers, or pains by the author, in making this the most comprehensive handbook ever brought out relating to the telephone.

——TABLE OF CONTENTS——

29 CHAPTERS

The Telephone Apparatus and its Operation; A Brief Survey of the Theory of Sound, Necessary to an Understanding of the Telephone; A Brief Survey of the Principles of Electricity; Electrical Quantities; History of the Speaking Telephone; Later Modifications of the Magnet Telephone; The Carbon Microphone Transmitter; The Circuits of a Telephone Apparatus; The Switch Hook and its Function in Telephone Apparatus; The Switchboard and the Appliances of the Central Station; The Operator’s Switch Keys and Telephone Set; Improved Switchboard Attachments; Switchboard Lamp Signals and Circuits; The Multiple Switchboard; Locally Interconnected or Multiple Transfer Switchboard; Exchange Battery Systems; Party Lines and Selective Signals; Private Telephone Lines and Intercommunicating Systems; Common Return Circuits; Private Telephone Lines and Intercommunicating Systems; Full Metallic Circuits; Large Private Systems and Automatic Exchanges; Devices for Protecting Telephone Apparatus from Electrical Disturbances; The General Conditions of Telephone Line Construction; Telephone Pole Lines; Wire Transportations on a Pole Line. Telephone Cables and their Use in Underground and Pole Lines; Circuit Balancing Devices; The Microtelephone; Wireless Telephony; Useful Definitions and Hints on Telephone Management.

With Ready Reference Index

Hoyman’s A · B · C of the Telephone

A
PRACTICAL TREATISE
WITH
ILLUSTRATIONS AND DIAGRAMS

$1
Audel & Co.
NEW YORK

The volume contains 375 pages, 268 illustrations and diagrams; it is handsomely bound in black vellum cloth, and is a generously good book without reference to cost.

PRICE, $1, Postpaid.

THEO. AUDEL & CO., 63 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

Hawkins’ Dictionary, $3.50

THIS volume is the most useful book in Mechanical Literature.

If constantly referred to will enable the student to acquire a correct knowledge of the words, terms and phrases in use in Mechanical Engineering and its various branches.

Its greatest value lies in this: that no man representing the mechanical profession can find excuse for not knowing the use and meaning of the terms used in his work.

HAWKINS’
MECHANICAL
DICTIONARY
explains and defines in plain language the use of all words and terms now used or heretofore used in the Mechanic Arts, Trades and Sciences.

It is an unequaled reference work, and is the one book of permanent value no student or expert should dispense with. Complete from A to Z. Highly endorsed.

HAWKINS’ MECHANICAL DICTIONARY

A
CYCLOPEDIA
OF
WORDS, DATA AND PHRASES

Contains 704 pages, handsomely bound, price $3.50 postpaid. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Transcriber’s Note:

The original spelling, hyphenation, accentuation and punctuation has been retained, except for apparent typographical errors.

A table of contents has been added by the transcriber following the preface.

The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.

Index entry ‘Evans, Robt., 11.’ corrected to read ‘Evans, Oliver, viii.’

In the chapter ‘CHIMNEYS AND DRAUGHT’ 12th para:-
‘… having about 1 square foot of heating surface to 45 square feet of heating surface.’
This has been changed to read:-
‘… having about 1 square foot of grate area to 45 square feet of heating surface.’

The references to a ‘Six Inch Flue Boiler’ in Fig. 32 and the Index may mean ‘Six Flue Boiler’, these instances have not been changed.

In the chapter ‘CHEMISTRY OF THE FURNACE’, the opening paragraph has a number of apparent typographical errors relating to names of substances. These have been left as printed and are:-

naphthaline	typographical	error	for	naphthalene
alizarine	„	„	„	alizarin
toludine	„	„	„	toluidine
anthracine	„	„	„	anthracene
toluches	„	„	„	toluene
saccharine	„	„	„	saccharin

PERSONAL.

INDEXFORMAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS.

ERECTING AND OPERATING $3

DRAWING AND DESIGN $3

ADVANCED MACHINIST $2

PROGRESSIVE MACHINIST $2

AUDELS GAS ENGINE MANUAL $2

MOTOR CAR PRACTICE $2

PUMPS AND HYDRAULICS $4

MARINE ENGINEERING $2

MECHANICAL DRAWING $2

ELECTRICITY FOR ENGINEERS $2

ENGINEERS’ EXAMINATIONS $2

STEAM BOILER PRACTICE $2

CALCULATIONS FOR ENGINEERS $2

STEAM ENGINE PRACTICE $2

STEAM ENGINE INDICATOR $1

TELEPHONE ENGINEERING $1

Hawkins’ Dictionary, $3.50

INDEX
FOR
MAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS.