BRAZIL AND HER PEOPLE OF TO-DAY

Works of NEVIN O. WINTER

Mexico and Her People of To-day$3.00
Guatemala and Her People of To-day3.00
Brazil and Her People of To-day3.00

L. C. PAGE & COMPANY
53 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.

PICKING COFFEE.

([See page 267])

BRAZIL AND
HER PEOPLE
OF TO-DAY

AN ACCOUNT OF THE
CUSTOMS, CHARACTERISTICS, AMUSEMENTS,
HISTORY AND ADVANCEMENT
OF THE BRAZILIANS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT
AND RESOURCES OF
THEIR COUNTRY

BY
NEVIN O. WINTER

Author of “Mexico and Her People of To-day,”
“Guatemala and Her People of To-day,” etc.

ILLUSTRATED FROM ORIGINAL AND SELECTED
PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE AUTHOR

BOSTON
L. C. PAGE AND COMPANY
MDCCCCX

Copyright, 1910,
By L. C. Page & Company
(INCORPORATED)

All rights reserved

First Impression, September, 1910

Electrotyped and Printed by
THE COLONIAL PRESS
C. H. Simonds & Co., Boston, U.S.A.

PREFACE

The favourable reception given by the public to the two previous books, “Mexico and Her People of To-day” and “Guatemala and Her People of To-day,” induced the writer to continue his studies of the Latin-American countries and people. To this end an extensive trip was made through several of the republics on that great continent to the south of us, and this work is the first result of that journey. Like the previous books it is presented as a study of the country and people from the most reliable authorities, as well as a record of impressions. In its preparation many books have been read and scores of people, Americans, Europeans and Brazilians, have been consulted and interviewed. The author’s purpose has been to present this treatise upon a neighbouring republic and study of our fellow Americans from a broad viewpoint, and avoid the narrowness of some writings in which everything different or unfamiliar is deemed a fit subject for caustic criticism. With this brief explanation of the purpose of this book, and method of its preparation, “Brazil and Her People of To-day” is given to the public.

The author desires to acknowledge his sense of obligation to Hon. Irving B. Dudley, Ambassador of the United States of America to the United States of Brazil, for courtesies and favours extended to the author; to Hon. John Barrett, Director of the International Bureau of the American Republics for kindly words of introduction; and to the Bulletin, issued by the Bureau, for permission to use three or four photographs as illustrations in this book.

Toledo, Ohio, August, 1910.

CONTENTS

CHAPTERPAGE
I.The Country[1]
II.Along the Coast to the Capital[23]
III.The City of Beautiful Views[48]
IV.Around and about the Bay[77]
V.Minas Geraes and Mining[91]
VI.A Progressive State[109]
VII.An American Colony under the Southern Cross[134]
VIII.The Temperate Zone[142]
IX.The Amazon[164]
X.The People and Their Characteristics[192]
XI.Education and the Arts[214]
XII.Railways and Their Development[236]
XIII.Coffee[260]
XIV.The Land and Sea Forces[277]
XV.Religious Influences[287]
XVI.The Empire[304]
XVII.The Republic[330]
XVIII.A Land of Promise[353]
Appendices[371]
Index[383]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE
Picking Coffee ([see page 267])[Frontispiece]
Map[1]
Falls of Iguassú[10]
The Municipal Theatre, Pernambuco[26]
The Boat Landing, Bahia[30]
Rio de Janeiro. Looking across the Bay at Sugar Loaf[41]
The Paulo Affonso Falls[46]
Avenida Central, Rio de Janeiro[53]
One of the bends of the Beira Mar, Rio de Janeiro[55]
The Landing at Rio de Janeiro[57]
Carigadores moving a Piano[65]
The Treasury Building, Rio de Janeiro[67]
The City Hall, Rio de Janeiro[69]
The “White House” of Brazil[71]
Cluster of Bamboos in the Jardim Botanico[83]
An Ox Team of Minas Geraes[92]
Rua Direita, São Paulo[114]
Buzzards at the Market, São Paulo[116]
The Ypiranga[118]
General view of the Immigrant Station at São Paulo[120]
The Picturesque Fazenda da Lapa at Campinas[126]
“Monte Alegre” Fazenda[129]
A Rubber Plantation of Maniçoba Rubber Trees[133]
View in Villa Americana[136]
A Brazilian Fruit Market. Melons from Villa Americana[138]
Loading Coffee at Santos Docks[145]
Cutting Rice with an American Harvester[146]
Selling Cattle in Rio Grande do Sul[156]
View of Porto Alegre[159]
A Scene on the Amazon near its Mouth[174]
A New Settler in the Jungle[189]
Negroes in Brazil[195]
Labourers’ Homes on a Plantation[201]
The Fifteenth of November in São Paulo[212]
A School for Boys in São Paulo[216]
A School for Girls in São Paulo[219]
Students at the Agricultural College, Piracicaba[225]
The Municipal Theatre, Rio de Janeiro[233]
The Municipal Theatre, São Paulo[234]
The São Paulo Railway, near Santos[256]
Drying Coffee[268]
Church at Nictheroy[295]
The Beautiful Church at Juiz de Fora. A Shrine on Top of the Mountain[299]
A Typical Brazilian Street[308]
A Mud and Thatch Cottage[316]
A General View of Bahia[323]
A Rural Home[330]
A Brazilian Cruiser[342]
A Farmer’s Home[353]