FOOTNOTES:
[1] The ai in paidology is pronounced as in aisle, as i in pine.
[2] Bancroft, Native races of Pacific states, II, 267.
[3] Barnes, Studies in education, I, 75. ("The History of Mexico. By Francesco S. Clavigero. Translated by Chas. Cullen, London, 1787, vol. I., pp. 335 et seq.")
[4] Barnes, Studies in education I, 76-78.
[5] Bancroft, Native races of Pacific states, II, 372.
[6] Ibid., II, 356.
[7] Joyce, Mexican archæology, 156.
[8] Prescott, Conquest of Mexico, I, 81.
[9] Joyce, Mexican archæology, 98.
[10] Prescott, Conquest of Mexico, I, 78-79.
[11] Prescott, Conquest of Mexico, I, 149.
[12] Bancroft, Native races of Pacific states, II, 482.
[13] Joyce, Mexican archæology, 184.
[14] Joyce, Mexican archæology, 129.
[15] Bancroft, Native races of Pacific states, II, 286.
[16] Bancroft, Native races of Pacific states, II, 297-299.
[17] Prescott, Conquest of Peru, I, 65.
[18] Joyce, South American archæology, 104.
[19] Prescott, Conquest of Peru, I, 142.
[20] Joyce, South American archæology, 121.
[21] Prescott, Conquest of Peru, I, 140.
[22] Prescott, Conquest of Peru, I, 22-25.
[23] Prescott, Conquest of Peru, I, 120.
[24] Rawlinson, History of ancient Egypt, I, 103.
[25] Wilkinson, Popular account of ancient Egyptians, II, 199.
[26] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians, I, 459.
[27] Exodus I, 8.
[28] Wilkinson, op. cit., I, 346.
[29] Wilkinson, The Egyptians in the time of the Pharaohs, 40.
[30] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians, II, 333.
[31] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of ancient Egyptians, II, 331.
[32] Ibid., II, 22.
[33] Wilkinson, Popular account of ancient Egyptians, I, 186.
[34] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of ancient Egyptians, II, 50.
[35] Wilkinson, Egyptians in time of Pharaoh, 14.
[36] Wilkinson, Popular account of ancient Egyptians I, 54.
[37] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians, II, 334.
[38] Petrie, Arts and crafts of ancient Egypt, 140.
[39] Wilkinson, Popular account of the ancient Egyptians, II, 194.
[40] Rawlinson, History of ancient Egypt, I, 496.
[41] Petrie, Arts and crafts of ancient Egypt, 6.
[42] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of ancient Egypt, II, 306.
[43] Petrie, op. cit., 26.
[44] Rawlinson, History of ancient Egypt, I, 204.
[45] Dean, History of civilization, I, 381.
[46] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of ancient Egyptians, III, 243.
[47] Ibid., II, 455.
[48] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of ancient Egyptians, I, 438.
[49] Laurie, Historical survey of pre-Christian education, 47.
[50] Wilkinson, Manners and customs of ancient Egyptians, II, 489.
[51] Dubois, Hindu manners, customs, and ceremonies, 339.
[52] Dubois, Hindu manners, 205.
[53] Mills, British India, I, 308.
[54] Dutt, Civilization in ancient India, I, 69.
[55] Dubois, Hindu manners, 214, et seq.
[56] Ramabai, The high-caste Hindu woman, 47.
[57] Dutt, Civilization in ancient India, I, 172.
[58] Ramabai, High-caste Hindu woman, 34.
[59] Allen, India, 459.
[60] Dutt, op. cit., II, 308.
[61] Dubois, Hindu manners, 39.
[62] Allen, India, 417.
[63] Dubois, Hindu manners, 361, et seq.
[64] Ramabai, High-caste Hindu woman, 12.
[65] Dubois, Hindu manners, 307.
[66] Dubois, Hindu manners, 369.
[67] Dutt, Civilization in ancient India, II, 148.
[68] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 176.
[69] Graves, A history of education, Before the Middle Ages, 86.
[70] Davis, The Chinese, I, 264.
[71] Smith, Chinese characteristics, 205.
[72] Davis, The Chinese, I, 269.
[73] Douglass, History of China, 130, et seq.
[74] Carus, Chinese life and customs, 81.
[75] Douglass, History of China, 115.
[76] Williams, The Middle kingdom, II, 54.
[77] Davis, The Chinese, I, 270.
[78] Smith, Chinese characteristics, 198.
[79] Headland, Chinese boy and girl, 33.
[80] Headland, Chinese boy and girl, 35.
[81] Ibid., 9 et seq.
[82] Williams, The middle kingdom, II, 261.
[83] Smith, Village life in China, 259.
[84] Lee, When I was a boy in China, 43.
[85] Smith, Village life in China, 237.
[86] Smith, Chinese characteristics, 175.
[87] Doolittle, Sketches of social life in China, Harper's Magazine, XXXI (1865), 442.
[88] Lee, When I was a boy in China, 47.
[89] Ibid., 34.
[90] Williams, The Middle kingdom, II, 89.
[91] Headland, Chinese boy and girl, 51.
[92] Lee, When I was a boy in China, 40.
[93] Headland, Chinese boys and girls, 80.
[94] Williams, Middle kingdom, II, 89.
[95] Williams, Middle kingdom, II, 41.
[96] Lee, When I was a boy in China, 70.
[97] Martin, The Chinese, 71.
[98] Martin, The Chinese, 62.
[99] Smith, Village life in China, 73.
[100] Smith, Village life in China, 80.
[101] Davis, The Chinese, I, 276.
[102] Lee, When I was a boy in China, 54.
[103] Smith, Village life in China, 79.
[104] Ibid., 93.
[105] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 150.
[106] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 553.
[107] Kikuchi, Japanese education, 261.
[108] Bacon, Japanese girls and women, 96.
[109] Nitobe, The Japanese nation, 96.
[110] Nitobe, The Japanese nation, 165.
[111] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 555.
[112] Bacon, Japanese girls and women, 121.
[113]——, Manners and customs of the Japanese, 127.
[114] Taylor, Japan in our day, 148.
[115] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 557.
[116] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, I, 169.
[117] Knapp, Feudal and modern Japan, I, 109-115.
[118] Lloyd, Every-day Japan, 324.
[119] Scherer, Young Japan, 48.
[120] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 356.
[121] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 460.
[122] Taylor, Japan in our day, 163.
[123] Bacon, Japanese girls and women, 31.
[124] Taylor, Japan in our day, 156.
[125] Hearn, Glimpses of unfamiliar Japan, I, 266.
[126] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II. 464.
[127] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 468.
[128] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 491.
[129] Griffis, Japan in history, 75.
[130] Hearn, Glimpses of unfamiliar Japan, I, 286.
[131] Scherer, Young Japan, 149.
[132] Murray, Japan, 112.
[133]——, Manners and customs of the Japanese, 126.
[134] Nitobé, The Japanese nation, 166.
[135] Griffis, The Mikado's empire, II, 558.
[136] Rawlinson, Seven great monarchies, II, 319.
[137] Fraser, History of Persia, 289.
[138] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 183.
[139] Letourneau, Evolution of marriage, 332.
[140] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 190.
[141] Graves, History of education, Before the middle ages, 100.
[142] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 191.
[143] Edersheim, History of the Jewish nation, 309.
[144] McClintock and Strong, Cyclopedia of biblical literature, V, 774.
[145] McClintock and Strong, Cyclopedia of biblical literature, V, 774.
[146] Edersheim, Sketches of Jewish social life in the days of Christ, 157.
[147] Thwing, The family, 42.
[148] Dean, History of civilization, I, 597.
[149] Edersheim, Sketches of Jewish life, 99.
[150] Edersheim, Sketches of Jewish life, 218.
[151] Lees, Village life in Palestine, 203.
[152] McClintock and Strong, Cyclopedia of biblical literature, III, 730.
[153] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 76-77.
[154] Graves, History of education, Before the middle ages, 124.
[155] Dean, History of civilization, II, 176.
[156] Tucker, Life in ancient Athens, 122.
[157] Donaldson, Woman, Her position and influence in ancient Greece and Rome and among the early Christians, 56.
[158] Donaldson, Woman, 71-72.
[159] Ibid., 58.
[160] Ibid., 71.
[161] Dean, History of civilization II, 179.
[162] Dean, History of civilization, II, 167-168.
[163] Dean, History of civilization, II, 173.
[164] Dean, History of civilization, II, 174.
[165] Dean, The history of civilization, II, 183.
[166] Gulick, The life of the ancient Greeks, 75.
[167] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 251.
[168] Dean, History of civilization, II, 185.
[169] Mahaffy, Old Greek education, 20.
[170] Felton, Greece, I, 426.
[171] Mahaffy, Old Greek education, 18-19.
[172] Gardiner, Greek athletic sports and festivals, 47.
[173] Tucker, Life in ancient Athens, 273.
[174] Tucker, Life in ancient Athens, 206.
[175] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 248.
[176] Friedländer, Roman life and manners under the early empire, I, 19.
[177] Fowler, Social life at Rome, 213.
[178] Fowler, Social life at Rome, 240.
[179] Dean, History of civilization, III, 221.
[180] Donaldson, Woman, Her position and influence in ancient Greece and Rome, 120-123.
[181] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 253.
[182] Abbott, Society and politics in ancient Rome, 95.
[183] Ibid., 98-99.
[184] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 247.
[185] Duruy, History of Rome, V, 254.
[186] Fowler, Social life at Rome, 143-144.
[187] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 243.
[188] Dean, History of civilization, III, 214.
[189] Preston and Dodge, The private life of the Romans, 99.
[190] Preston and Dodge, The private life of the Romans, 104.
[191] Guhl and Koner, The life of the Greeks and Romans, 500.
[192] Friedländer, Roman life and manners, I, 228.
[193] Duruy, History of Rome, V, 242.
[194] Dean, History of civilization, III, 250.
[195] Duruy, History of Rome, V, 285.
[196] Preston and Dodge, The private life of the Romans, 132-134.
[197] Dean, History of civilization, III, 240.
[198] Laurie, Pre-Christian education, 342.
[199] Clarke, Children at Rome, 67.
[200] Adams, Civilization during the middle ages, 9-10.
[201] Adams, Civilization during the middle ages, 197.
[202] Emerton, Medieval Europe, 518.
[203] Garnier, Annals of the British peasantry, 141.
[204] Abram, English life and manners in the later middle ages, 30.
[205] Thwing, The family, 56-57.
[206] Hallam, Middle Ages, II, 179, quotes from Palgrave the following, coming under Norman times: "By the declaration of the husband at the church door, the wife was endowed in the presence of the assembled relations, and before all the merry attendants of the bridal train."
[207] Traill, Social England, I, 215-216.
[208] Abram, English life and manners in the later middle ages, 119.
[209] Dean, History of civilization, VI, 203.
[210] Abram, English life and manners in the late middle ages, 167.
[211] Garnier, Annals of the British peasantry, 196.
[212] Ibid., 201.
[213] Traill, Social England, I, 106-108.
[214] Donaldson, Woman, 180.
[215] Froude, History of England, I, 70.
[216] Froude, History of England, I, 76-77.
[217] Compayré, History of pedagogy, 65-66.
[218] Ibid., 67.
[219] Gray, The children's crusade, 78-80.
[220] Hecker, Epidemics of the middle ages, 353.
[221] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 852.
[222] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 863.
[223] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 88-89.
[224] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 856.
[225] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 877.
[226] Earle, Colonial days in Old New York, 102-103.
[227] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 877.
[228] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 879.
[229] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 68.
[230] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 128-129.
[231] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 403.
[232] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 276.
[233] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 278.
[234] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 164-166.
[235] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 42.
[236] Stiles, Bundling: Its origin, progress, and decline in America, 13.
[237] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 64.
[238] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 390.
[239] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 66.
[240] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 74-75.
[241] Howard, History of matrimonial institutions, II, 331.
[242] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 92.
[243] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 79-80.
[244] Ibid., 36.
[245] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 70.
[246] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 43.
[247] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 54.
[248] Ibid., 54.
[249] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 247-248.
[250] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 38-39.
[251] Ibid., 37.
[252] Calhoun, Social history of the American family, I, 165.
[253] Eggleston, The colonists at home. Century magazine, VII, 887.
[254] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 31-32.
[255] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 316.
[256] Ibid., 316.
[257] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 286.
[258] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 891.
[259] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 327.
[260] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 319.
[261] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 28-29.
[262] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 26-27.
[263] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 322.
[264] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 300.
[265] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 888.
[266] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 290.
[267] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 19.
[268] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 889.
[269] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 294.
[270] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 182.
[271] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 296.
[272] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 302.
[273] Ibid., 304.
[274] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 308-309.
[275] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 37.
[276] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 13.
[277] Earle, Costume of colonial times, 12.
[278] Ibid., 13.
[279] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 17.
[280] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 71.
[281] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 290.
[282] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 58.
[283] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 183-184.
[284] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 136.
[285] Ibid., 120.
[286] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 122.
[287] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 110.
[288] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 883.
[289] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 155.
[290] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 886.
[291] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 111.
[292] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 154.
[293] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 163.
[294] Eggleston, The colonists at home, Century magazine, VII, 885.
[295] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 163.
[296] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 164.
[297] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 179.
[298] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 181.
[299] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 165.
[300] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 371.
[301] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 4.
[302] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 6.
[303] Ibid., 5.
[304] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 23.
[305] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 12.
[306] Ibid., 16.
[307] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 16.
[308] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 215, 216, 217.
[309] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 16.
[310] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, 8.
[311] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 226.
[312] Earle, Diary of Anna Green Winslow, A Boston School Girl of 1771.
[313] Eggleston, Social conditions in the colonies, Century magazine, VI, 853.
[314] McMaster, History of the people of the United States, I, 27.
[315] Ibid., I, 29.
[316] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 361.
[317] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 343.
[318] Ibid., 344.
[319] Ibid., 340.
[320] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 337.
[321] Ibid., 353.
[322] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 353.
[323] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 376.
[324] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 365.
[325] Ibid., 385.
[326] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 8.
[327] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 401.
[328] Ibid.
[329] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 241.
[330] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 250.
[331] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 402.
[332] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 255.
[333] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 243.
[334] Ibid., 244.
[335] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 404.
[336] Eggleston, Social life in the colonies, Century magazine, VIII, 405.
[337] Ibid., 406.
[338] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 212.
[339] Ibid., 18.
[340] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 18.
[341] Ibid., 17.
[342] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 18.
[343] Haddon, Cat's cradles from many lands.
[344] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 346.
[345] Ibid., 375.
[346] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 22-23.
[347] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 205.
[348] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 371-372.
[349] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 19.
[350] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 20-22.
[351] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 20.
[352] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 214.
[353] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 217.
[354] Ibid., 223.
[355] Earle, Curious punishments of bygone days, 19.
[356] Earle, Curious punishments of bygone days, 83.
[357] Earle, Curious punishments of bygone days, 81.
[358] Ibid., 78.
[359] Ibid., 79.
[360] Ibid., 82.
[361] Ibid., 83.
[362] Earle, Customs and fashions of old New England, 252.
[363] Ibid., 252.
[364] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 321.
[365] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 307.
[366] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 252.
[367] Ibid., 253.
[368] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 339.
[369] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 169.
[370] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 203.
[371] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 341.
[372] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 381.
[373] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 381.
[374] Earle, The Sabbath in Puritan New England, 15.
[375] Earle, The Sabbath in Puritan New England, 95.
[376] Earle, The Sabbath in Puritan New England, 14.
[377] Earle, The Sabbath in Puritan New England, 76.
[378] Earle, The Sabbath in Puritan New England, 68.
[379] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 386.
[380] Earle, The Sabbath in Puritan New England, 81.
[381] Earle, Home life in colonial days, 377.
[382] Fisher, Men, women, and manners in colonial times, I, 141.
[383] Earle, Child life in Colonial days, 236.
[384] Earle, Child life in colonial times, 250.
[385] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 239.
[386] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 33.
[387] Ibid., 32.
[388] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 154.
[389] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 128-131.
[390] Dexter, History of education in the United States, 39.
[391] McMaster, History of the people of the United States, I, 21 et seq.
[392] Boone, Education in the United States, 50.
[393] Dexter, History of education in the United States, Appendix A, 581-583.
[394] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 191.
[395] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 29.
[396] Earle, Customs and fashions in old New England, 35.
[397] Earle, Child life in colonial days, 177.
[398] Earle, Colonial days in old New York, 39.
[399] Ibid., 40.
[400] Dexter, History of education in the United States, 426.
[401] Boone, Education in the United States, 69.
[402] Report U. S. Commissioner of Education, 1914, II, 224-246.