Manners, Customs, and Dress During the Middle Ages and During the Renaissance Period

by P. L. Jacob

Table of Illustrations.

I. Chromolithographs.

1. The Queen of Sheba before Solomon. Fac-simile of a Miniature from the Breviary of Cardinal Grimani, attributed to Memling. Costumes of the Fifteenth Century.

2. The Court of Marie of Anjou, Wife of Charles VII. Fac-simile of a Miniature from the "Douze Perilz d'Enfer." Costumes of the Fifteenth Century.

3. Louis XII. leaving Alexandria, on the 24th April, 1507, to chastise the City of Genoa. From a Miniature in the "Voyage de Gênes" of Jean Marot.

4. A Young Mother's Retinue. Miniature from a Latin "Terence" of Charles VI. Costumes of the Fourteenth Century.

5. Table Service of a Lady of Quality. Fac-simile of a Miniature in the "Roman de Renaud de Montauban." Costumes of the Fifteenth Century.

6. Ladies Hunting. From a Miniature in a Manuscript Copy of "Ovid's Epistles." Costumes of the Fifteenth Century.

7. A Court Fool. Fac-simile of a Miniature in a Manuscript of the Fifteenth Century.

8. The Chess-players. After a Miniature of the "Three Ages of Man." (End of the Fifteenth Century).

9. Martyrdom of SS. Crispin and Crépinien. From a Window in the Hôpital des Quinze-Vingts (Fifteenth Century).

10. Settlement of Accounts by the Brotherhood of Charité-Dieu, Rouen, in 1466. A Miniature from the "Livre des Comptes" of this Society (Fifteenth Century).

11. Decapitation of Guillaume de Pommiers and his Confessor at Bordeaux in 1377 ("Chroniques de Froissart").

12. The Jews' Passover. Fac-simile of a Miniature in a Missal of the Fifteenth Century of the School of Van Eyck.

13. Entry of Charles VII. into Paris. A Miniature from the "Chroniques d'Enguerrand de Monstrelet." Costumes of the Sixteenth Century.

14. St. Catherine surrounded by the Doctors of Alexandria. A Miniature from the Breviary of Cardinal Grimani, attributed to Memling. Costumes of the Fifteenth Century.

15. Italian Lace-work, in Gold-thread. The Cypher and Arms of Henri III. (Sixteenth Century).

II. Engravings.

• Aigues-Mortes, Ramparts of the Town of
• Alms Bag, Fifteenth Century
• Amende honorable before the Tribunal
• America, Discovery of
• Anne of Brittany and the Ladies of her Court
• Archer, in Fighting Dress, Fifteenth Century
• Armourer
• Arms of Louis XI. and Charlotte of Savoy
• Arms, Various, Fifteenth Century

• Bailiwick
• Bailliage, or Tribunal of the King's Bailiff, Sixteenth Century
• Baker, The, Sixteenth Century
• Balancing, Feats of, Thirteenth Century
• Ballet, Representation of a, before Henri III. and his Court
• Banner of the Coopers of Bayonne
• " " La Rochelle
• " Corporation of Bakers of Arras
• " " Bakers of Paris
• " " Boot and Shoe Makers of Issoudun
• " Corporation of Publichouse-keepers of Montmédy
• " Corporation of Publichouse-keepers of Tonnerre
• " Drapers of Caen
• " Harness-makers of Paris
• " Nail-makers of Paris
• " Pastrycooks of Caen
• " " La Rochelle
• " " Tonnerre
• " Tanners of Vie
• " Tilers of Paris
• " Weavers of Toulon
• " Wheelwrights of Paris
• Banquet, Grand, at the Court of France
• Barber
• Barnacle Geese
• Barrister, Fifteenth Century
• Basin-maker
• Bastille, The
• Bears and other Beasts, how they may be caught with a Dart
• Beggar playing the Fiddle
• Beheading
• Bell and Canon Caster
• Bird-catching, Fourteenth Century
• Bird-piping, Fourteenth Century
• Blind and Poor Sick of St. John, Fifteenth Century
• Bob Apple, The Game of
• Bootmaker's Apprentice working at a Trial-piece, Thirteenth Century
• Bourbon, Constable de, Trial of, before the Peers of France
• Bourgeois, Thirteenth Century
• Brandenburg, Marquis of
• Brewer, The, Sixteenth Century
• Brotherhood of Death, Member of the
• Burgess of Ghent and his Wife, from a Window of the Fifteenth Century
• Burgess at Meals
• Burgesses with Hoods, Fourteenth Century
• Burning Ballet, The
• Butcher, The, Sixteenth Century
• Butler at his Duties

• Cards for a Game of Piquet, Sixteenth Century
• Carlovingian King in his Palace
• Carpenter, Fifteenth Century
• Carpenter's Apprentice working at a Trial-piece, Fifteenth Century
• Cast to allure Beasts
• Castle of Alamond, The
• Cat-o'-nine-tails
• Celtic Monument (the Holy Ox)
• Chamber of Accounts, Hotel of the
• Chandeliers in Bronze, Fourteenth Century
• Charlemagne, The Emperor
• " Coronation of
• " Dalmatica and Sandals of
• " receiving the Oath of Fidelity from one of his great Barons
• " Portrait of
• Charles, eldest Son of King Pepin, receiving the News of the Death of his Father
• Charles V. and the Emperor Charles IV., Interview between
• Château-Gaillard aux Andelys
• Châtelet, The Great
• Cheeses, The Manufacture of, Sixteenth Century
• Chilpéric, Tomb of, Eleventh Century
• Clasp-maker
• Cloth to approach Beasts, How to carry a
• Cloth-worker
• Coins, Gold Merovingian, 628-638
• " Gold, Sixth and Seventh Centuries
• " " Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries
• " Gold and Silver, Thirteenth Century
• " " Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
• " Silver, Eighth to Eleventh Centuries
• Cologne, View of, Sixteenth Century
• Comb in Ivory, Sixteenth Century
• Combat of a Knight with a Dog, Thirteenth Century
• Companion Carpenter, Fifteenth Century
• Cook, The, Sixteenth Century
• Coppersmith, The, Sixteenth Century
• Corn-threshing and Bread-making, Sixteenth Century
• Costume of Emperors at their Coronation since the Time of Charlemagne
• " King Childebert, Seventh Century
• " King Clovis, Sixth Century
• " Saints in the Sixth to Eighth Century
• " Prelates, Eighth to Tenth Century
• " a Scholar of the Carlovingian Period
• Costume of a Scholar, Ninth Century
• " a Bishop or Abbot, Ninth Century
• " Charles the Simple, Tenth Century
• " Louis le Jeune
• " a Princess
• " William Malgeneste, the King's Huntsman
• " an English Servant, Fourteenth Century
• " Philip the Good
• " Charles V., King of France
• " Jeanne de Bourbon
• " Charlotte of Savoy
• " Mary of Burgundy
• " the Ladies of the Court of Catherine de Medicis
• " a Gentleman of the French Court, Sixteenth Century
• " the German Bourgeoisie, Sixteenth Century
• Costumes, Italian, Fifteenth Century
• Costumes of the Thirteenth Century
• " the Common People, Fourteenth Century
• " a rich Bourgeoise, of a Peasant-woman, and of a Lady of the Nobility, Fourteenth Century
• " a Young Nobleman and of a Bourgeois, Fourteenth Century
• " a Bourgeois or Merchant, of a Nobleman, and of a Lady of the Court or rich Bourgeoise, Fifteenth Century
• " a Mechanic's Wife and a rich Bourgeois, Fifteenth Century
• " Young Noblemen of the Court of Charles VIII
• " a Nobleman, a Bourgeois, and a Noble Lady, of the time of Louis XII
• " a rich Bourgeoise and a Nobleman, time of Francis I
• Counter-seal of the Butchers of Bruges in 1356
• Country Life
• Cour des Miracles of Paris
• Court Fool
• " of Love in Provence, Fourteenth Century
• " of the Nobles, The
• " Supreme, presided over by the King
• " of a Baron, The
• " Inferior, in the Great Bailiwick
• Courtiers amassing Riches at the Expense of the Poor, Fourteenth Century
• Courts of Love in Provence, Allegorical Scene of, Thirteenth Century
• Craftsmen, Fourteenth Century
• Cultivation of Fruit, Fifteenth Century
• " Grain, and Manufacture of Barley and Oat Bread

• Dance called "La Gaillarde"
• " of Fools, Thirteenth Century
• " by Torchlight
• Dancers on Christmas Night
• David playing on the Lyre
• Dealer in Eggs, Sixteenth Century
• Deer, Appearance of, and how to hunt them with Dogs
• Deputies of the Burghers of Ghent, Fourteenth Century
• Dice-maker
• Distribution of Bread, Meat, and Wine
• Doge of Venice, Costume of the, before the Sixteenth Century
• " in Ceremonial Costume of the Sixteenth Century
• " Procession of the
• Dog-kennel, Fifteenth Century
• Dogs, Diseases of, and their Cure, Fourteenth Century
• Dortmund, View of, Sixteenth Century
• Drille, or Narquois, Fifteenth Century
• Drinkers of the North, The Great
• Druggist
• Dues on Wine
• Dyer

• Edict, Promulgation of an
• Elder and Juror, Ceremonial Dress of an
• Elder and Jurors of the Tanners of Ghent
• Eloy, St., Signature of
• Empalement
• Entry of Louis XI. into Paris
• Equestrian Performances, Thirteenth Century
• Estrapade, The, or Question Extraordinary
• Executions
• Exhibitor of Strange Animals

• Falcon, How to train a New, Fourteenth Century
• " How to bathe a New
• Falconer, Dress of the, Thirteenth Century
• " German, Sixteenth Century
• Falconers, Thirteenth Century
• " dressing their Birds, Fourteenth Century
• Falconry, Art of, King Modus teaching the, Fourteenth Century
• " Varlets of, Fourteenth Century
• Families, The, and the Barbarians
• Fight between a Horse and Dogs, Thirteenth Century
• Fireworks on the Water
• Fish, Conveyance of, by Water and Land
• Flemish Peasants, Fifteenth Century
• Franc, Silver, Henry IV.
• Franks, Fourth to Eighth Century
• " King or Chief of the, Ninth Century
• " King of the, dictating the Salic Law
• Frédégonde giving orders to assassinate Sigebert, from a Window of the Fifteenth Century
• Free Judges
• Funeral Token

• Gallo-Roman Costumes
• Gaston Phoebus teaching the Art of Venery
• German Beggars
• " Knights, Fifteenth Century
• " Soldiers, Sixth to Twelfth Century
• " Sportsman, Sixteenth Century
• Ghent, Civic Guard of
• Gibbet of Montfaucon, The
• Gipsies Fortune-telling
• " on the March
• Gipsy Encampment
• " Family, A
• " who used to wash his Hands in Molten Lead
• Goldbeater
• Goldsmith
• Goldsmiths of Ghent, Names and Titles of some of the Members of the Corporation of, Fifteenth Century
• " Group of, Seventeenth Century.
• Grain-measurers of Ghent, Arms of the
• Grape, Treading the
• Grocer and Druggist, Shop of a, Seventeenth Century

• Hanging to Music
• Hare, How to allure the
• Hatter
• Hawking, Lady setting out, Fourteenth Century
• Hawks, Young, how to make them fly, Fourteenth Century
• Hay-carriers, Sixteenth Century
• Herald, Fourteenth Century
• Heralds, Lodge of the
• Heron-hawking, Fourteenth Century
• Hostelry, Interior of an, Sixteenth Century
• Hôtel des Ursins, Paris, Fourteenth Century
• Hunting-meal

• Imperial Procession
• Infant Richard, The, crucified by the Jews at Pontoise
• Irmensul and Crodon, Idols of the Ancient Saxons
• Iron Cage
• Issue de Table, The
• Italian Beggar
• " Jew, Fourteenth Century
• " Kitchen, Interior of
• " Nobleman, Fifteenth Century

• Jacques Coeur, Amende honorable of, before
• Charles VII
• " House of, at Bourges
• Jean Jouvenel des Ursins, Provost of Paris, and Michelle de Vitry, his Wife (Reign of Charles VI.)
• Jerusalem, View and Plan of
• Jew, Legend of a, calling the Devil from a Vessel of Blood
• Jewish Ceremony before the Ark
• " Conspiracy in France
• " Procession
• Jews taking the Blood from Christian Children
• " of Cologne burnt alive, The
• " Expulsion of the, in the Reign of the Emperor Hadrian
• " Secret Meeting of the
• John the Baptist, Decapitation of
• John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, Assassination of
• Judge, Fifteenth Century
• Judicial Duel, The
• Jugglers exhibiting Monkeys and Bears, Thirteenth Century
• " performing in Public, Thirteenth Century

• King-at-Arms presenting the Sword to the Duc de Bourbon
• King's Court, The, or Grand Council, Fifteenth Century
• Kitchen, Interior of a, Sixteenth Century.
• " and Table Utensils
• Knife-handles in Ivory, Sixteenth Century
• Knight in War-harness
• Knight and his Lady, Fourteenth Century
• Knights and Men-at-Arms of the Reign of Louis le Gros

• Labouring Colons, Twelfth Century
• Lambert of Liége, St., Chimes of the Clock of
• Landgrave of Thuringia and his Wife
• Lawyer, Sixteenth Century
• Leopard, Hunting with the, Sixteenth Century
• Lubeck and its Harbour, View of, Sixteenth Century

• Maidservants, Dress of, Thirteenth Century
• Mallet, Louis de, Admiral of France
• Mark's Place, St., Venice, Sixteenth Century
• Marseilles and its Harbour, View and Plan of, Sixteenth Century
• Measurers of Corn, Paris, Sixteenth Century
• Measuring Salt
• Merchant Vessel in a Storm
• Merchants and Lion-keepers at Constantinople
• Merchants of Rouen, Medal to commemorate the Association of the
• Merchants of Rouen, Painting commemorative of the Union of, Seventeenth Century
• Merchants or Tradesmen, Fourteenth Century
• Metals, The Extraction of
• Miller, The, Sixteenth Century
• Mint, The, Sixteenth Century
• Musician accompanying the Dancing

• New-born Child, The
• Nicholas Flamel, and Pernelle, his Wife, from a Painting of the Fifteenth Century
• Nobility, Costumes of the, from the Seventh to the Ninth century
• " Ladies of the, in the Ninth Century
• Noble Ladies and Children, Dress of, Fourteenth Century
• Noble Lady and Maid of Honour, Fourteenth Century
• Noble of Provence, Fifteenth Century
• Nobleman hunting
• Nogent-le-Rotrou, Tower of the Castle of
• Nut-crackers, Sixteenth Century

• Occupations of the Peasants
• Officers of the Table and of the Chamber of the Imperial Court
• Oil, the Manufacture of, Sixteenth Century
• Old Man of the Mountain, The
• Olifant, or Hunting-horn, Fourteenth Century
• " " details of
• Orphaus, Gallois, and Family of the Grand Coesre, Fifteenth Century

• Palace, The, Sixteenth Century
• Palace of the Doges, Interior Court of the
• Paris, View of
• Partridges, Way to catch
• Paying Toll on passing a Bridge
• Peasant Dances at the May Feasts
• Pheasant-fowling, Fourteenth Century
• Philippe le Bel in War-dress
• Pillory, View of the, in the Market-place of Paris, Sixteenth Century
• Pin and Needle Maker
• Ploughmen. Fac-simile of a Miniature in very ancient Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
• Pond Fisherman, The
• Pont aux Changeurs, View of the ancient
• Pork-butcher, The, Fourteenth Century
• Poulterer, The, Sixteenth Century
• Poultry-dealer, The
• Powder-horn, Sixteenth Century
• Provost's Prison, The
• Provostship of the Merchants of Paris, Assembly of the, Sixteenth Century
• Punishment by Fire, The
• Purse or Leather Bag, with Knife or Dagger, Fifteenth Century

• Receiver of Taxes, The
• Remy, St., Bishop of Rheirns, begging of Clovis the restitution of the Sacred Vase, Fifteenth Century
• River Fishermen, The, Sixteenth Century
• Roi de l'Epinette, Entry of the, at Lille
• Roman Soldiers, Sixth to Twelfth Century
• Royal Costume
• Ruffés and Millards, Fifteenth Century

• Sainte-Geneviève, Front of the Church of the Abbey of
• Sale by Town-Crier
• Salt-cellar, enamelled, Sixteenth Century
• Sandal or Buskin of Charlemagne
• Saxony, Duke of
• Sbirro, Chief of
• Seal of the Bateliers of Bruges in 1356
• " Corporation of Carpenters of St. Trond (Belgium)
• " Corporation of Clothworkers of Bruges
• " Corporation of Fullers of St. Trond
• " Corporation of Joiners of Bruges
• " " Shoemakers of St. Trond
• " Corporation of Wool-weavers of Hasselt
• " Free Count Hans Vollmar von Twern
• " Free Count Heinrich Beckmann
• " " Herman Loseckin
• " " Johann Croppe
• " King Chilpéric
• " United Trades of Ghent, Fifteenth Century
• Seat of Justice held by Philippe de Valois
• Secret Tribunal, Execution of the Sentences of the
• Sémur, Tower of the Castle of
• Serf or Vassal, Tenth Century
• Serjeants-at-Arms, Fourteenth Century
• Shepherds celebrating the Birth of the Messiah
• Shoemaker
• Shops under Covered Market, Fifteenth Century
• Shout and blow Horns, How to
• Simon, Martyrdom of, at Trent
• Slaves or Serfs, Sixth to Twelfth Century
• Somersaults
• Sport with Dogs, Fourteenth Century
• Spring-board, The
• Spur-maker
• Squirrels, Way to catch
• Stag, How to kill and cut up a, Fifteenth Century
• Staircase of the Office of the Goldsmiths of Rouen, Fifteenth Century
• Stall of Carved Wood, Fifteenth Century
• Standards of the Church and the Empire
• State Banquet, Sixteenth Century
• Stoertebeck, Execution of
• Styli, Fourteenth Century
• Swineherd
• Swiss Grand Provost
• Sword-dance to the Sound of the Bagpipe, Fourteenth Century
• Sword-maker

• Table of a Baron, Thirteenth Century
• Tailor
• Talebot the Hunchback
• Tinman
• Tithe of Beer, Fifteenth Century
• Token of the Corporation of Carpenters of Antwerp
• Token of the Corporation of Carpenters of Maëstricht
• Toll under the Bridges of Paris
• Toll on Markets, levied by a Cleric, Fifteenth Century
• Torture of the Wheel, Demons applying the
• Tournaments in Honour of the Entry of Queen Isabel into Paris
• Tower of the Temple, Paris
• Trade on the Seaports of the Levant, Fifteenth Century
• Transport of Merchandise on the Backs of Camels

• University of Paris, Fellows of the, haranguing the Emperor Charles IV.

• Varlet or Squire carrying a Halberd, Fifteenth Century
• View of Alexandria, Sixteenth Century
• Village Feast, Sixteenth Century
• Village pillaged by Soldiers
• Villain, the Covetous and Avaricious
• Villain, the Egotistical and Envious
• Villain or Peasant, Fifteenth Century
• Villain receiving his Lord's Orders
• Vine, Culture of the
• Vintagers, The, Thirteenth Century
• Votive Altar of the Nautes Parisiens

• Water Torture, The
• Weight in Brass of the Fish-market at Mans, Sixteenth Century
• Whale Fishing
• William, Duke of Normandy, Eleventh Century
• Winegrower, The
• Wire-worker
• Wolves, how they may be caught with a Snare
• Woman under the Safeguard of Knighthood, Fifteenth Century
• Women of the Court, Sixth to Tenth Century
• Woodcock, Mode of catching a, Fourteenth Century