CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
I. INTRODUCTION [1]
II. THE DAWN OF MORALITY: CONSCIENCE IN THE KINSHIP GROUP [12]
I. Institutions, Ideas, and Conditions of Life determining the Rules of Conduct [12]
II. Essential Facts of Kinship or Intratribal Morality [15]
III. The Beginnings of Intertribal Morality [22]
III. THE MORAL LIFE IN ANCIENT EGYPT: AN IDEAL OF SOCIAL JUSTICE [30]
I. Circumstances and Ideas which molded and motived Morality [30]
II. The Ideal [33]
IV. THE BABYLONIAN-ASSYRIAN CONSCIENCE [45]
V. CHINESE MORALS: AN IDEAL OF FILIAL PIETY [53]
I. Ideas, Institutions, and Historical Circumstances determining the Cast of the Moral Ideal [53]
II. The Ideal [60]
III. Effects of the Ideal upon Chinese Life and History [69]
VI. JAPANESE MORALS: AN IDEAL OF LOYALTY [77]
I. Formative and Modifying Influences [77]
II. The Ideal [80]
III. Some Significant Facts in the Moral History of Japan [87]
VII. THE ETHICAL IDEALS OF INDIA [95]
PART I. THE ETHICS OF BRAHMANISM—A CLASS MORALITY [95]
I. Historical and Speculative Basis of the System [95]
II. The Various Moral Standards [101]
PART II. THE ETHICS OF BUDDHISM: AN IDEAL OF SELF-CONQUEST AND UNIVERSAL BENEVOLENCE [106]
I. The Philosophical Basis of the System [106]
II. The Ideal [110]
III. Some Expressions of the Ethical Spirit of Buddhism [115]
VIII. THE ETHICS OF ZOROASTRIANISM: AN IDEAL OF COMBAT [123]
I. Philosophical and Religious Ideas which created the Ethical Type [123]
II. The Ideal [126]
III. The Practice [131]
IX. THE MORAL EVOLUTION IN ISRAEL: AN IDEAL OF OBEDIENCE TO A REVEALED LAW [135]
I. The Religious Basis of Hebrew Morality [135]
II. The Evolution of the Moral Ideal [140]
1. The Development up to the Exile [140]
2. The Morality of the Prophets of the Exile [157]
3. The Moral Life in the Postexilic Age [162]
X. THE MORAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF HELLAS: AN IDEAL OF SELF-REALIZATION [169]
I. Institutions and Ideas determining the Moral Type [169]
II. The Ideal [174]
III. Limitations and Defects of the Ideal [179]
IV. The Moral Evolution [185]
XI. ROMAN MORALS: AN IDEAL OF CIVIC DUTY [212]
I. Institutions and Conditions of Life determining the Early Moral Type [212]
II. The Primitive Moral Type [214]
III. The Moral Evolution under the Republic [218]
IV. The Moral Evolution under the Pagan Empire [231]
XII. THE ETHICS OF DOCTRINAL CHRISTIANITY: AN IDEAL OF RIGHT BELIEF [255]
I. Religious Ideas and Theological Dogmas molding the Ideal [256]
II. The Moral Ideal [261]
XIII. MORAL HISTORY OF THE AGE OF CHRISTIAN ASCETICISM [267]
I. Conceptions of Life and Historical Circumstances that produced the Ascetic Ideal [267]
II. The Ideal and its Chief Types [270]
III. The Chief Moral Facts of the Period [272]
XIV. THE ETHICS OF ISLAM: A MARTIAL IDEAL [288]
I. Religious Basis of the Moral System [288]
II. The Moral Code [289]
III. The Moral Life [293]
XV. THE MORAL LIFE OF EUROPE DURING THE AGE OF CHIVALRY [300]
I. The Church consecrates the Martial Ideal of Knighthood [300]
II. The Composite Ideal of Knighthood [306]
III. The Chief Moral Phenomena of the Period [309]
XVI. RENAISSANCE ETHICS: REVIVAL OF NATURALISM IN MORALS [320]
I. Determining Influences [320]
II. Some Essential Facts in the Moral History of the Age [322]
XVII. ETHICS OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION [333]
I. Principles of the Reformation of Ethical Import [333]
II. Some Important Moral Outcomes of the Sixteenth-Century Religious Reform [334]
XVIII. THE MORAL EVOLUTION SINCE THE INCOMING OF DEMOCRACY: THE NEW SOCIAL AND INTERNATIONAL CONSCIENCE [340]
I. Forces determining the Trend of the Ethical Movement [340]
II. Expressions of the New Moral Consciousness in Different Domains of Life and Thought [344]
1. The Ethics of Democracy [344]
2. The Ethics of Industrialism [347]
3. The Ethics of Modern Science [353]
4. The Ethics of Theology [360]
5. Social Ethics: the New Social Conscience [364]
6. International Ethics: the New International Conscience [371]
INDEX [383]