INDEX

Ægospotami, slaughter of Athenian prisoners at, [194]
Æschylus, [191]
Ahriman, [124]
Ahura Mazda, [124]
Almsgiving, [281], [368]
Altruism, Greek and Roman, [175], [215];
Christian, [279]
Amélineau, [44]
Amos, [145]
Amphictyonic League, [194]
Amusements, humanizing of, [369]
Ancestor worship, as a moral force, [13];
in China, [54];
in Japan, [78]
Angell, Norman, [376] [n. 5]
Animal ethics, Brahmanic, [103];
Buddhist, [119];
Zoroastrian, [129];
Mohammedan, [292];
Christian, [357];
influence of evolutionary science upon, [358]
Aphrodite, [171]
Aquinas, Thomas, [318], [325]
Arbitration among the Greeks, [195]
Arhat, the, [113]
Aristotle, views of, on war against non-Greeks, [180];
ethical system of, [202–204];
views of, on slavery, [203]
Asceticism, general fostering causes of, [267];
Christian fostering causes of, [268]
Assur-natsir-pal, [51]
Athleticism, Greek moral elements in, [177]
Aurelius, Marcus, Meditations of, [239], [247]
Autolycus, [185]
Bagehot, [287]
Beccaria, [345], [370]
Benevolence, Roman, [236]
Blood feud, [20]
Brahma, the impersonal, [96];
the personal, [96]
Brahmans, the, [97], [101], [102]
Breasted, Professor, [31], [39] [n. 3]
Buckle, Henry T., [1], [2]
Buddha, [111];
ethical content of his message, [116]
Buddhism, in Japan, [79];
the four truths of, [106];
the eightfold path of, [110];
influence of, on the military spirit, [120]
Bury, J. B., [174]
Bushido, ideal of, [79], [80–82];
influence of, [87];
in action, [88], [89]
Cannibalism, [26];
celestial, [26] [n. 3]
Castes, Hindu, [97]
Charity, Christian, [279–282];
Moslem, [296]
Chinese cashiers in Japan, [90] [n. 2]
Christianity, doctrinal, ethical ideal of, [261];
limitations of the ideal of, [264]
Chrysostom, Dion, [243]
Cicero, [215];
contempt of, for manual labor and merchandizing, [224]
City state, as the mold of Greek morality, [169];
Roman, [213];
effect of decay of, on Greek and Roman morals, [204], [221]
Class morality, [344]
Clemency, Roman virtue, [249]
Clovis, Frankish chieftain, [303]
Cluny, [313]
Collective responsibility, [18–20];
doctrine of, repudiated by Hebrew prophets, [159];
principle of, as embodied in Church code rejected by the modern conscience, [364];
a survival of, in modern war code, [378] [n. 1]
Competition, in primitive society, [14]
Confucianism, [53]
Confucius, [60]
Conscience, new social, nurtured in the medieval towns, [330], [331];
purification in modern times, [364–371];
new international, [371–382]
Constantine the Great, [302]
Continuance theory, [35–37];
in the Greek moral evolution, [187]
Corn, moral effects of free distribution of, at Rome, [224]
Cosmopolitanism, growth of, in Hellenistic Age, [209];
in the Roman Empire, [236–240]
Courage, altruistic element in, [22], [175]
Courtier, ideal of the, [328–330]
Criticism, higher, [335]
Crusades, as ideal of knighthood in action, [309]
Cuba, our dealings with, [373]
Customary morality, [18]
Cynics, [210]
Darius I, inscriptions of, [134]
Davids, Rhys, [109], [114], [120]
Delphi, relation of, to Greek morality, [172]
Democracy, effect of its incoming upon moral evolution, [340];
ethics of, [344–347]
Demonax, [208]
Demonism, Babylonian, [46];
Chinese, [55]
De Officiis of Cicero, [238]
Deuteronomy, dual morality of, [151]
Dionysus, [171]
Double standard in morality, [22–24]
Dualism, religious, Egyptian, [32];
Persian, [123]
Duel, international, [332];
judicial, see [Wager of battle]
Education, in Japan, [91–93];
its relation to morality, [345];
transferred from Church to State, [346]
Election, race, [174]
Elijah, [143]
Elis, consecrated to peace, [197]
Elisha, [143]
Elysian Fields, [187], [188]
Envy of the gods, doctrine of, [189]
Epictetus, [247], [248], [250]
Epicureanism, [207]
Evolution, disturbing effects of doctrine upon morals, [341];
egoistic tendencies of the doctrine, [354];
altruistic factor in, [350]
Fabiola, [281]
Fall of man, dogma of, [259]
Family ethics, Greek, [181];
Roman, [212], [214];
Mohammedan, [291]
Festivals, Hebrew, moralization of, [149]
Figgis, J. Neville, [378], [380]
Filial piety, Chinese virtue, [61]
Filipinos, American treatment of, [373–375]
Gambling, prohibited by the Koran, [291]
Geneva Convention of 1864, [376]
George, Henry, [350] [n. 1]
Gesta Romanorum, [310]
Gladiatorial combats, demoralizing effects of, [225];
suppression of, [277];
the last in Colosseum, [381]
Gladstone, William E., [360]
Golden Rule, as stated by Confucius, [67]
Green, T. H., [11]
Gresham’s Law in morals, [378]
Grotius, Hugo, [375]
Group, kinship, [12]
Guatama, see [Buddha]
Hades, gradual moralizing of, [187–189]
Hammurabi, code of, [49]
Hearn, Lafcadio, [84]
Heresy, viewed as a contagion, [325]
Higher criticism, [335]
Hillel, [168]
Holy Grail, [311]
Holy Virgin, moral influence of veneration of, [311]
Homeric Age, morals of, [185]
Hopkins, Edward W., [114]
Hosea, [146]
Hospital, first Christian, [281]
Hospitalers, the, [308]
Hospitality, [24]
Howard, John, [370]
Howe, Julia Ward, [324]
Humanitarianism, growth of, in Hellenistic Age, [208];
in pre-Christian, of Roman Empire, [234–236];
advance of, in modern times, [369–371]
Ideal, moral, defined, [5];
causes which determine, [7–10]
Ilus, prince of Ephyra, [172]
Immortality, emergence of doctrine of, in Israel, [164–166];
its ethical value, [257]
India, Government of India Act, [373]
Industrial virtues, Persian, [128];
disesteemed by the Greeks and Romans, [182], [223];
cradled in the medieval towns, [330];
effects upon, of the dissolution of the monasteries, [337]
Industrialism, modern, relation to morals, [341];
ethics of, [347–353];
modern, alliance of industry and science, [347];
divorce of industry and ethics, [348]
Infanticide, in China, [73];
condemned by Christian teaching, [278];
in Greece, [181]
Inheritance, limitation of, [351]
Inquisition, [324–326]
Insanity, regarded as demon possession, [282]
Intellectual progress, relation of, to moral progress, [342]
International law, relation of, to municipal law, [372]
Intertribal morality, beginnings of, [22–29]
Intolerance, Jewish, [163];
Christian, [265], [324];
Mohammedan, [294]
Intoxicating liquors, use of, prohibited by Koran, [292], [296]
Inventions, relation of, to moral progress, [341]
Iona, [280]
Iron virgin of Nuremberg, [381]
Isaiah, [147];
the Second, [157], [161]
Isis, worship of, in Roman Empire, [252]
Ixion, [187]
Jeremiah, [151]
Jesus of Nazareth, relation of, to moral history of West, [260]
Judgment of Dead, Egyptian, [36];
Persian, [130]
Justice, Greek virtue of, [176]
Juvenal, [235]
Karma, [108]
Ka-statues, [34]
Kidd, Benjamin, [2]
Knighthood, ideal of, [306–309];
contribution of, to moral heritage of Christendom, [311]
Koran, ethics of, [289–292]
Labarum, [302]
Land values, property in, [349]
Legge, James, [68], [69]
Leonidas, [176]
Lex talionis, [21]
Lindisfarne, [280]
Machiavelli, [326–328]
Machiavellism in politics, [326–328];
in economics, [348]
Malta, Knights of, [310]
Mandarin morality, [69]
Melians, [192]
Mencius, [60]
Mendicant Orders, [316–318]
Micah, [148]
Milvian Bridge, battle of, [302]
Mithra, [125]
Mithraism, propaganda of, in Roman Empire, [253]
Mohammed, [288], [290]
Mohammedanism, moral code of, [289–292]
Monasteries, cradle of modern social conscience, [276];
dissolution of, [336]
Monastic ideal, [270];
discredited by Protestant Reformation, [336]
Monasticism, Buddhist, [118];
Christian, [267–287]
Monopoly in land, [350]
Monotheism, ethical, emergence of, in Israel, [158], [159]
Morley, Lord, [377]
Nature, Law of, [240]
Negative Confession, [37]
Nemesis, doctrine of, [190–192]
Nietzsche, [355], [356]
Nirvana, [109]
Nonresistance, Christian teaching of, [301], [302]
Occupation, influence of, on morals, [9]
Oisin, [272] n.
Opium trade with China, [373]
Ordeals, [304]
Orphic doctrines, [174]
Orthodoxy, regarded as saving virtue, [261]
Osiris, myth of, [32]
Pachomius, [44]
Patria potestas, [212]
Paulsen, Friedrich, [5] [n. 1]
Peace of God, [312]
Peace, universal, an ideal of Hebrew prophets, [146], [147]
Peloponnesian War, effects of, on Greek morality, [194], [195] [n. 1]
Penitential psalms, Babylonian, [47]
Penitentiary system, [371]
Persecution of Christians by pagan Roman emperors, [245]
Pessimism, in Brahmanic system, [99];
in Buddhist, [107]
Petrie, Flinders, [39]
Philipson, David, [168] [n. 1]
Philo, [168]
Pindar, [179], [186], [188]
Plato, [200–202]
Plutarch, [210], [249]
Poisoned arrows, disuse of, [27], [172]
Polygamy, accepted as ethical by Mohammed, [291]
Private war, restrictions on, [312–314]
Prophetism, Hebrew, different elements of, [142]
Psychical research, import of, for morals, [359]
Ptah-hotep, [40]
Purgatory, effect of abolition of, upon morals, [337], [362]
Pythagoras, [186]
Pythagoreanism, [115]
Ra, son-god, [31]
Ransom of war captives, [315]
Red Cross Society, [376]
Reformation, Protestant, [333–339]
Refuge, cities of, [154]
Religion, relation of, to morals, [9], [14]
Renaissance, influence of, on the moral evolution, [320], [322–324]
Retribution theory, [35–37];
in Greek moral evolution, [188]
Revenge, duty of, [20];
a Greek virtue, [183];
how regarded by Roman moralists, [249]
Right belief regarded as a virtue, [334]
Ritual morality, in India, [106];
in Israel, [151–154], [162]
Ruth, the Moabitess, [156]
Sabbath, [150], [260]
Sacrifice, in Brahmanic system, [100];
in Israel, [138]
St. Ambrose, [303]
St. Augustine, [284], [303]
St. Boniface, [280]
St. Columba, [280]
St. Dominic, [316], [317]
St. Francis, [316], [317]
St. Gall, [280]
St. Patrick, [272]
St. Wilfred, [280]
Saints, Lives of the, [309]
Samurai, [80], [82], [87–91]
Sappho, [178]
Schmidt, Nathaniel, [154] [n. 2], [260] [n. 1]
Scholasticism, ethics of, [318]
Science, ethics of, [353–360]
Scott, James Brown, [372] [n. 1]
Self-redress, a survival of, in international law, [378] [n. 1]
Seneca, [239], [243], [247], [249], [250]
Set, Egyptian god, [32]
Shammai, [168]
Sheol, [139]
Shinto cult, [78]
Single tax, [350] [n. 1]
Slave trade, suppression of, [364–366]
Slavery, in ancient Egypt, [41];
among the Hebrews, [156];
in Greece, [180], [203];
Roman, [223];
ameliorations of, under pagan Roman emperors, [243];
influence of Christianity upon, [282];
under Islam, [290], [295];
prisoners of war sold as slaves, [314];
origin of word “slave,” [315];
abolition of African, [366]
Smith, W. Robertson, [12]
Social ethics, [364–371]
Socialism, [352]
Socrates, [197–200]
Stoicism, [206], [209];
influence of, upon Roman government and law, [241–243];
as a moral force, [241];
teachings of, Christian in tone, [246–248];
insufficiency of, as guide to the masses, [251];
contrasted with Machiavellism, [328]
Stoics, views of, on slavery, [203]
Suicide, among the Japanese, [85];
among the Romans, [250];
condemned by Christianity, [279]
Synagogue, [163], [164]
Tantalus, [187]
Taoism, [56]
Telemachus, Christian monk, [381] [n. 1]
Temperance, Greek virtue of, [176]
Templars, the, [308]
Terence, [238]
Theology, moralization of, [360], [361]
Thirty Years’ War, [375]
Thucydides, [192]
Toleration, under Buddhism, [112], [120];
influence of doctrinal Christianity upon virtue of, [285];
how affected by the Protestant Reformation, [338]
Towns, medieval, as molders of morals, [321], [330]
Transmigration, [98]
Truce of God, [312–314]
Truthfulness, virtue of, Japanese lack of reverence for, [85];
highly esteemed by the Persians, [128], [132–134];
low estimation of, among Greeks, [184]
Tyrannicide, among Japanese, [86];
views of Roman moralist on, [249]
Ulfilas, bishop, [304]
Unearned increment, [349]
Universalism, ethical, pre-Christian, [236]
Urban II, Pope, [305]
Usury, [155]
Veracity, fostered by science, [353]
Vergil, [235]
Vicarious suffering, doctrine of, [160]
Wager of battle, [304];
disuse of, [331], [332]
War, abolition of, a moral issue, [376];
abrogation of the ordinary moral code by, [377];
obsolescence of, as school of morals, [380]
War ethics, as group morality, [20];
as survival from barbarism, [20];
beginning of rules of, [25–29];
Egyptian, [42];
Assyrian, [51];
Chinese, [65];
Brahmanic, [104];
Greek, [193–195];
Roman, [245] [n. 1];
Mohammedan, [290], [294];
syncretism of pagan war ethics and Christian peace ethics, [300–306];
influence of martial ethics of Islam upon Christian ethics, [305];
progress in, in Middle Ages, [314–316];
progress in, in modern times, [375], [376];
atavistic character of war code, [378];
unfavorable reaction of, upon peace code, [378–380]
Wealth, moral effects of unequal distribution of, [228]
Wedgwood, Julia, [9]
Wellhausen, [3]
Wisdom, Greek virtue of, [176]
World state, ethical basis of, [220]
Wundt, Wilhelm, [5]
Zarathustra, [126]
Zeno, [206]
Zoroaster, see [Zarathustra]