When the Owl Cries

by PAUL
BARTLETT

New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1960

First Printing
The Macmillan Company, New York
Brett-Macmillan Ltd., Galt, Ontario
Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress catalog card number: 60-9265

Project Gutenberg edition 2012

When the Owl Cries was originally published by Macmillan in 1960. This work has been out-of-print for many years, with reprint rights that reverted to the author and are now held by his Estate. The authors literary executor, rather than seek to publish a new commercial edition of the book, decided to make the novel available as an open access publication, freely available to readers through Project Gutenberg under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license, which allows anyone to distribute this work without changes to its content, provided that both the author and the original URL from which this work was obtained are mentioned, that the contents of this work are not used for commercial purposes or profit, and that this work will not be used without the copyright holders written permission in derivative works (i.e., you may not alter, transform, or build upon this work without such permission). The full legal statement of this license may be found at

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode

Para mi esposa, aficionada de México,
con todo mi cariño

When the owl cries, an Indian dies.
Cuando el tecolote llora, se muere el Indio.
—Old Mexican saying

Author's Note

This novel commemorates the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Mexican Revolution. I have written the book because I am fond of Mexico, where I have lived for many years. My story of an hacienda family, though not historical, represents the end of hacienda life, the passing of the landed aristocracy and the beginning of a democratic way. Only through volcanic eruption and earthquake could I symbolize the great social changes that began to take place about 1910.

When the Owl Cries
by
Paul Alexander Bartlett

INTRODUCTION
by
Steven James Bartlett

The book's title, When the Owl Cries, comes from the ancient Mexican-Indian superstition, "Cuando el tecolote llora, se muere el indio"—"When the owl cries, an Indian dies."

ABOUT THE BOOK AND ITS AUTHOR

When the Owl Cries has been described by reviewers as "The Gone with the Wind of Mexico." It is a gripping, vivid story that takes place on a huge estate, an hacienda, at the beginning of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. The novel centers about the life of Don Raul Medina, soon to take over the management of the hacienda from his father, Fernando, who is now dying. Fernando has been a cruel hacendado, ruling with an iron hand, whip, and gun. Raul is caught in a complex web: his estrangement from his emotionally frail and disturbed wife, his love for the young blonde Lucienne, hacendada of a neighboring estate, and the turmoil and hardships they are plunged into during the Revolution. The colorful, descriptive panorama of the novel leads the reader into a first-hand experience as hacienda life came to an end as a result of the Revolution.

When the Owl Cries was originally published in 1960 to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Mexican Revolution and was an immediate success. The book was listed by the New York Times Book Review in its Best-seller/Recommended column for 13 continuous weeks after its release. The novel received rave reviews across the country. Excerpts of a few of these reviews appear later in this introduction.

Readers may be interested in some personal background about the author and where When the Owl Cries was written. Paul Alexander Bartlett (1909-1990) was a fine artist and the author of numerous short stories, novels, and non-fiction works. He came to Mexico during WWII and developed a life-long interest in visiting haciendas throughout the country in order to make the first large-scale artistic and photographic record of these ancient, fascinating, but rapidly vanishing places. His interest was inspired by the realization that most of these old estates were rapidly crumbling and disappearing after the ravages of the Mexican Revolution had left them in ruins, and from the neglect that followed the Revolution as Mexican peasants dismantled many of the hacienda buildings for use as building materials.

From the mid-1940s until late in the 1980s, Bartlett visited more than 350 haciendas throughout Mexico. Many were remote and difficult to find and then to visit. He, and often with me as his young compañero, traveled by horseback, by car, boat, motorcycle, or on foot to visit these old estates. Some were completely abandoned, the roofs of the buildings having caved in, with gaping holes in their walls and trees growing up through their unsheltered floors. Some, in ramshackle condition, were still being lived in by poor Mexican families. Very rarely a select few were occupied or maintained in absentia by the descendants of their original owners, while a small number of the estimated original 8,000 haciendas have been converted into tourist hotels, schools, and government buildings.

There was no grant funding available for my father's lifelong project. It was a labor of love financed by his and my mother's meager savings, the frequent fate of creative artists. (My mother was Elizabeth Bartlett, well-known for her many published books of poetry.) During each hacienda visit, my father made sketches he later turned into finished pen-and-ink illustrations, of which he completed 350. The collection of hacienda illustrations was exhibited in more than 40 one-man shows in leading galleries, museums, and libraries in the U.S. and Mexico. In addition, he took more than a thousand photographs of the haciendas. Before his death in 1990, the University Press of Colorado published his non-fiction book, The Haciendas of Mexico: An Artist's Record, which contains selections of his many illustrations and photographs, accompanied by a text that describes hacienda life and the history of the haciendas.

In 1959, thanks to my parents' friendship with Cuca Cámara, of the long-established Cámara family of Mérida, Yucatán, my father was offered the opportunity live on one of the family's haciendas, located outside of Mérida between the small towns of Motul and Suma. My father and I lived at the Hacienda Kambul while he completed When the Owl Cries. The Hacienda Kambul provided a very spartan existence: We slept in hammocks in a large bare room of what had been the casa principal, the main residence of the hacienda. The 20-foot-high ceilings and the thick adobe walls helped cool the hot and dry Yucatecan weather; in the mornings, swallows would fly through the opened ten-foot-high doors into the room, chitterling and swooping above our heads.

The author on horseback at the Hacienda Kambul

The time there was not limited to serious writing. We went horseback riding across the fields of henequén, whose fiber, like that of sisal, was traditionally used for rope and twine. Sometimes, we would relax in hammocks on the wide terrace of the casa principal. Often, we would travel out into the campo on the hacienda's narrow-gauge railway, on a flat-topped rail car pulled by a mule, called a plataforma.

Riding an hacienda plataforma.
The author's son on the right, the hacienda driver on the left, the mule in front.

We had no electricity, so evenings were short and mornings early. We had a huipíl-clad Maya maid, Bicha, who, along with a thin, old, lame Maya gentleman, Lázaro, helped us to provision ourselves on a close to starvation diet. We were sometimes very sick from the polluted water of the well, which had unwisely been dug right next to the horse corral. We boiled the water conscientiously, but Moctezuma exacted considerable revenge despite our efforts.

Stressful life at the Hacienda Kambul!
The author's son on the hacienda terrace; in the foreground their pet dog, a Mexican Maltese, named Mona, whose namesake appears in When the Owl Cries.

It was hard to leave Kambul behind despite the weight we'd lost. But my father had completed When the Owl Cries in the most appropriate setting for a book that seeks to recreate hacienda life, and we shared many happy memories of our outings and leisurely hours there.

REVIEWS OF THE BOOK

As already mentioned, When the Owl Cries was widely and enthusiastically reviewed throughout the country. The following are excerpts from some of these reviews:

"When the Owl Cries is a novel rich in pictorially vivid reading. As you turn the pages, you ask, What next? That is the immemorial appeal of the thriller. But what gives the story stature as a work of art is that Bartlett has been at pains to populate it with believable characters who are stirred by intensely personal concerns."—Charles Poore, in the New York Times

"The book charms with its expert knowledge of place and people."—Paul Engle, in the Chicago Tribune

"Vivid, impressive, highly pictorial. What makes it a pleasure to read are its marvelous vignettes of Mexican ways of life."—Lon Tinkle, in the Dallas News

"Only rarely is an American writer gifted with the perception and sensitivity required to translate into English the intensity and sense of tragedy of the Latin races."—Joe Knefler, in the L. A. Times

"Mr. Bartlett has given us a powerful, unusual and taunting novel, filled with characters as real as the headlines in today's papers, who move toward the inevitability of defeat like figures in a Greek tragedy."—D. Evan Gwen, in the Oxford Mail

"A Gone with the Wind of Mexico."—Library Journal

"The Spirit and atmosphere of Mexico breathe from every page of Paul Bartlett's poignant novel."—Clifford Gessler, in the Oakland Tribune

"This is a book the reader can see in his mind—on a wide screen in technicolor with stereophonic sound. It doesn't need Hollywood but it's the kind of story that wouldn't do the movies any harm."—Florida Times-Union

"The interiors are magnificent: the feeling one gets of candles and bronze and rosemaries and Spanish furniture and nostalgia and hatred."—London Times Literary Supplement

"The revolution is reflected in the crumbling of the great feudal hacienda system and the beginning of democracy... a warmly human novel."—Kansas City Times

"A novel of exploitation and retribution."—London Free Press

"A capably written novel about an exciting land and an exciting era."—Los Angeles Mirror News

"An intense struggle heightened by personal involvement, written with understanding."—Los Angeles Examiner

"A beautifully atmospheric tale with a punch."—Washington Post

"Bartlett has pinpointed the struggle between the old order and new—between father and son."—The Atlanta Journal

"One of the high-ranking novels of the year."—Worchester Telegram

"A dramatic, well-written symbol of transition."—San Jose Mercury

"Achieves a totality of effect that reminds one of Poe."—Wichita Falls Times

"If you like to feel the exotic made factual, here it is."—Saskatchewan Star-Phoenix

"A lively and richly picturesque chronicle of a Mexico that was."—Chicago Sun-Times

"A book of substance and depth—beautifully, poetically written.—Moberly Monitor-Index

"A skillfully written novel, interwoven with color and excitement."—New Bedford Standard Times

"A suspenseful story."—The Diplomat

"A story of change, love, violence, and corruption that moves fast."—Sacramento Bee

"A penetrating novel, with wonderful scenes and rich understanding."—Long Beach Press Telegram

"Filled with impressive details of landscape and Mexican life, all presented with an artist's eye."—Richmond News Leader

PUBLISHED BOOKS BY PAUL ALEXANDER BARTLETT

The author sketching an hacienda

NOVELS

VOICES FROM THE PAST—A Quintet of Novels, consisting of

* Sappho's Journal
* Christ's Journal
* Leonardo da Vinci's Journal
* Shakespeare's Journal
* Lincoln's Journal

When the Owl Cries

Adiós Mi México

Forward, Children!

POETRY

Wherehill

Spokes for Memory

NONFICTION

The Haciendas of Mexico: An Artist's Record

THE AUTHOR

Paul Alexander Bartlett was a writer and artist, born in Moberly, Missouri, and educated at Oberlin College, the University of Arizona, the Academia de San Carlos in Mexico City, and the Instituto de Bellas Artes in Guadalajara. His work can be divided into three categories: He is the author of many novels, short stories, and poems; second, as a fine artist, his drawings, illustrations, and paintings have been exhibited in more than 40 one-man shows in leading galleries, including the Los Angeles County Museum, the Atlanta Art Museum, the Bancroft Library, the Richmond Art Institute, the Brooks Museum, the Instituto-Mexicano-Norteamericano in Mexico City, and many other galleries; and, third, he devoted much of his life to the most comprehensive study of the haciendas of Mexico that has been undertaken.

350 of his pen-and-ink illustrations of the haciendas and more than 1,000 hacienda photographs make up the Paul Alexander Bartlett Collection held by the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection of the University of Texas, and form part of a second diversified collection held by the American Heritage Center of the University of Wyoming, which also includes an archive of Bartlett's literary work, fine art, and letters. A third archive consisting primarily of Bartlett's literary work is held by the Department of Special Collections at UCLA.

Paul Alexander Bartlett's fiction has been commended by many authors, among them Pearl Buck, Ford Madox Ford, John Dos Passos, James Michener, Upton Sinclair, Evelyn Eaton, and many others. He was the recipient of many grants, awards, and fellowships, from such organizations as the Leopold Schepp Foundation, the Edward MacDowell Association, the New School for Social Research, the Huntington Hartford Foundation, the Montalvo Foundation, Yaddo, and the Carnegie Foundation.

His wife, Elizabeth Bartlett, a widely published and internationally commended poet, is the author of seventeen published books of poetry, numerous poems, short stories, and essays in leading literary quarterlies and anthologies, and, as the founder of Literary Olympics, Inc., is the editor of a series of multi-language volumes of international poetry that honor the work of outstanding contemporary poets.

Their only child (me) inherited their writer's gene and has published a number of books and articles in the fields of philosophy and psychology.

Map of the Hacienda de Petaca, where When the Owl Cries takes place.