The I. W. W.: A Study of American Syndicalism

by Paul F. Brissenden

5. Partial List of Books and Articles on the I. W. W.

In this section have been included references to matter, (1) dealing directly with the I. W. W. as an organization, (2) on I. W. W.-ism, syndicalism, socialism, anarchism, etc., as related to the I. W. W., (3) written by or about persons who have been members of the organization, (4) published by the I. W. W. or any of its publishing agencies, and (5) to any other secondary material cited in the foregoing pages.

Names of authors who have belonged to the I. W. W. at one time or another are marked with an asterisk.

(a) BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS

American Federation of Labor, Executive Council, Industrial unionism in its relation to trade unionism; being a report of the Executive Council of the A. F. of L. to the Rochester, N. Y., Convention, in which the subject is fairly presented, Washington, D. C., Amer. Fed. of Labor [1912], 7 pp.

Babson, R. W., "American Federation of Labor or Industrial Workers of the World, Which?" (in Babson's Reports on Economical Coöperative Movements, Confidential Bulletin of the Coöperative Service, No. L, 63, Wellesley Hills, Mass., October, 1916. Labor Forecast), 4 pp.

Batdorf, J. W., The Menace of the I. W. W., New York: Anti-socialist Press, 1917 (32 pp., 10c.).

Bliss, W. D. P., "Industrial Workers of the World"—Article in the New Encyclopedia of Social Reform. New edition, pp. 619-20. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1908.

Brissenden, P. F., Launching of the Industrial Workers of the World, University of California Publications in Economics, vol. iv, no. 1, 82 pp., Berkeley, 1913.

Brooks, J. G., American Syndicalism, The I. W. W. (Bibliography), New York: MacMillan, 1913, 264 pp.

* Brown, William Thurston, The Revolutionary Proletariat, Chicago, I. W. W. Press, n. d. Pamphlet.

----, Will You Have War or Peace? Chicago, I. W. W. Press, n. d. Pamphlet.

Bruère, Robert W., "Notes on the I. W. W. in Arizona and the Northwest," in Reconstruction after the War. (Journal of the National Institute of Social Sciences, vol. iv, April 1, 1918), pp. 99-108.

Bruette, Wm. A., The Industrial Workers: A clear and forcible exposé of the crimes and policies of the I. W. W., Chicago, Bureau American, no date. Quotes from Brooks, "American Syndicalism" which the author does not mention. Pamphlet.

Callender, Harold, The truth about the I. W. W. (illus.), Chicago [I. W. W.], n. d., 14 pp. Reprinted from The Masses.

----, "The war and the I. W. W." In the Proceedings of the National Conference of Social Work ..., Forty-fifth annual session ..., Kansas City, Mo., May 15-22, 1918. (Chicago, 1919), pp. 420-425.

* Chaplin, Ralph, When the Leaves Come Out, Chicago, I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, 1917? (Revolutionary songs and poems).

* Chumley, L. S., Hotel, Restaurant and Domestic Workers, Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau, n. d., 38 pp.

Chunks of I. W. W.-ism, Auckland, N. Z., I. W. W., n. d., pamphlet, 16 pp.

* [Cole, James Kelly], Revolutionary Writings of James Kelly Cole, Chicago, I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, n. d., 85 pp., 25 cents.

Comstock, A. P., "History of the Industrial Workers of the World in the United States" (Thesis for M. A. degree) (Typewritten MSS. in Columbia University library), 54 pp., bibliography, 3 pp., 1913.

* Debs, E. V., Class Unionism, Chicago, C. H. Kerr & Co., 1909, 32 p.

----, Industrial Unionism, New York, New York Labor News Co., 1911, pamphlet, 25 pp. Address at Grand Central Palace, New York, December 10, 1905. (Advocates formation of one union for all wage-workers.)

----, Revolutionary Unionism, Chicago, C. H. Kerr & Co., 1909. Speech delivered at Chicago, November 23, 1905, 27 p.

Debs, E. V., and others. Unionism, Industrial and Political, Chicago, C. H. Kerr & Co., 1909. Pamphlet.

Debs, E. V., and Russell, C. E., Danger Ahead for the Socialist Party in Playing the Game of Politics, Chicago, C. H. Kerr, n. d., 32 pp., pamphlet, 5 cents. Also in International Socialist Review, Jan., 1911.

* DeLeon, Daniel (editor), As to Politics: a Discussion upon the relative importance of Political Action and of Class Conscious Economic Action, and the Urgent Necessity of Both, New York, Labor News Press, 1907, 78 pp. ("The contents of this pamphlet is a discussion that took place in the columns of The People, under the head 'As to Politics' during the months of November and December, 1906, and January and February, 1907."—Introduction.)

* DeLeon, Daniel, The Burning Question of Trade Unionism, New York: New York Labor News Co., 1904, pamphlet, 27 pp., 5 cents.

A lecture delivered at Newark, N. J., April 21, 1904.

----, Flash-Lights on the Amsterdam [socialist] Congress (1904), New York: New York Labor News Co., pamphlet, 25 cents.

----, Industrial Unionism, New York, N. Y. Labor News Co., 1918, 32 pp. Contains also an address on the same subject by Eugene V. Debs (delivered at Grand Central Palace, New York, December 10, 1905), pp. 11-32.

----, Preamble of the Industrial Workers of the World, New York: New York Labor News Co., 1905, 48 pp., pamphlet. (Also reprinted in Miners' Magazine, 1905, Oct. 19, 26, Nov. 2, Nov. 9). Address delivered in Minneapolis, July 10, 1905, 5 cents. German and Norwegian translations.

----, Reform or Revolution, New York: New York Labor News Co., 1906, pamphlet, 32 pp., 5 cents. Address delivered at Wells Memorial Hall, Boston, January 26, 1896.

----, Socialism vs. Anarchism, New York: New York Labor News Co., n. d. "Buzz Saw" series, vol. i, no. 1. Pamphlet.

----, Socialist Unity, New York: New York Labor News Co., n. d., pamphlet, 5 cents.

----, Unity, New York: New York Labor News Co., 1908, 24 pp. Address in New York City February 21, 1908. Stenographically reported by Sidney Greenburg. (Resolutions on Unity Question, pp. 25-27.)

----, What Means this Strike? New York: New York Labor News Co., 1903, 31 pp., 5 cents. (Address delivered by Daniel DeLeon in the City Hall of New Bedford, Mass., February 11, 1898.)

Daniel DeLeon, the Man and his Work: a Symposium. 336 pp., illus. New York: Socialist Labor party, National Labor Committee: 1919.

* DeLeon, D., and Harriman, Job, The Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance versus the "Pure and Simple Trade Union," New York: New York Labor News Co., 1900, The People Library, no. 19, December, 1900, 44 pp., 5c.

* Doran, J. T, ("Red"), Evidence and cross-examination of "Red" Doran in the case of the U. S. A. vs. Wm. D. Haywood et al. [Chicago, General (I. W. W.) Defense Committee, 1918], 151 pp.

* Ebert, Justus, The A. B. C. of the I. W. W. What it is. What it has done. What it aims to do. Chicago: I. W. W. Press: (In press).

----, American Industrial Evolution—from the frontier to the factory. Its social and political effects. New York: New York Labor News Co., 1907, pamphlet, 88 pp., 15 cents.

----, Trades Unionism in the United States, 1742-1905—Bulwark of Capitalism or framework of Socialism? An historical glimpse. New York: New York Labor News Co., n. d., pamphlet, 26 pp., 5c.

----, The Trial of a New Society, Cleveland, Ohio: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, 1913, 75 cents, 160 pp. (The Lawrence strike).

Ethics and Aims of the I. W. W. [Chicago, I. W. W. Press, 1919]. Pamphlet. Translated into Yiddish.

* Ettor, J. J., Industrial Unionism: The Way to Freedom, Chicago, I. W. W. Press, 1912, pamphlet, 22 pp.

----, Testimony before United States Commission on Industrial Relations, New York City, May 22, 1914, The American Federation of Labor, the Socialist Party and the Industrial Workers of the World, Final Report and Testimony, vol. ii, pp. 1549-57. (Also includes testimony of St. John, Gompers and Hillquit.)

* Ettor and Giovannitti before the Jury at Salem, Massachusetts, November 23, 1912—containing their speeches before the jury and Giovannitti's poem "The Walker," pp. 73-80, Chicago: Industrial Workers of the World, no date, pamphlet, 80 pp., 25 cents.

* Flynn, E. G., Sabotage: The Conscious Withdrawal of the Workers' Industrial Efficiency, Cleveland: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, April, 1915, pamphlet, 32 pp., 10 cents.

Ford, E. C., and * Foster, Wm. Z., Syndicalism, Chicago, W. Z. Foster, 1912, pamphlet, 47 pp., 10 cents.

* Foster, Wm. Z., and Titus, H. F., Insurgency: The Economic Power of the Middle Class, Seattle, Trustee Printing Co., 1908, 14 pp., 10 cents. Reprinted from Workingman's Paper of Seattle, September 10, 1910.

G. B., "The Last War" (in Haywood, The General Strike, pp. 19-44), Chicago: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, n. d., pamphlet, 48 pp.

* George, Harrison, History of the I. W. W. trial, Chicago, Industrial Workers of the World [1919], 208 pp.

----, Is Freedom Dead? (Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau, n. d., 22 pp., 10c.) "Sequel to the suppressed pamphlet, Shall freedom die?" (illus.).

* George, Harrison, The Red Dawn: The Bolsheviki and the I. W. W., 25 pp., Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau [1918].

* Giovannitti, Arturo, Arrows in the Gale (poems), Riverside, Conn., Hillacre Bookhouse, 1914, 108 pp.

----, "The Walker" (poem), (in Ettor and Giovannitti before the Jury at Salem, Mass., pp. 73-80). (Also in International Socialist Review, vol. xiii, p. 201, September, 1912.)

Glynn, T., Industrial Efficiency and its Antidote, in Hanson, N. H., Onward Sweep of the Machine Process, pp. 9-21.

Groat, Geo. G., "Revolutionary industrial unionism," chs. xxvii and xxviii (pp. 426-452) in his Organized Labor in America (New York, 1916).

* Hagerty, Thomas J. ("Father" Hagerty), Economic Discontent and its Remedy, Terre Haute. Ind.: Standard Publishing Co., 1902, pamphlet, 47 pp., 10 cents.

* Hagerty, Thomas Joseph, A. M., S. T. B., Why Physicians Should be Socialists, Terre Haute, Ind.: Standard Publishing Co., 1902, pamphlet, 24 pp., 5 cents.

Hanson, Nils H., The Onward Sweep of the Machine Process, Chicago: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau [1917?], 32 pp.

Harré, T. Everett, The I. W. W. an Auxiliary of the German Espionage System. History of I. W. W. anti-war activities, showing how the I. W. W. program of sabotage inspired the Kaiser's agents in America, with introduction by R. M. Easley, 64 pp. [1918], 25 cents.

* Haywood, William D., Evidence and Cross-examination in the case of the U. S. A. vs. Wm. D. Haywood et al. [Chicago, General (I. W. W.) Defense Committee, 1918], 312 pp.

* Haywood, Wm. D., The Case of Ettor and Giovannitti, Lawrence, Mass., Ettor and Giovannitti Defence Committee, 1912. Pamphlet.

----, The General Strike, Chicago: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, n. d., pamphlet, 48 pp. (Address delivered in New York, Mar. 16, 1911.) (New edition, containing also "The Last War" by "G. B.," pp. 19-44.) Printed also in Polish.

----, Letters relating to Free Speech Fights. (Copies of letters received from I. W. W.s on the firing line) and extract from Grant S. Youman's book, Legalized Bank Robbery, "The Labor Troubles," 10 pp., typewritten MS. (23 1.), United States Commission on Industrial Relations. U. S. Department of Labor Library.

----, Testimony before United States Commission on Industrial Relations, Washington, D. C., Industrial Relations, Report of Hearings, vol. xi, pp. 10569-10599, "Labor and the Law," Washington, D. C., May 11, 13, 1915.

Reprinted in pamphlet form by I. W. W. Publishing Bur. (Chicago, n. d., 70 pp.)

* Haywood, Wm. D., and Bohn, Frank, Industrial Socialism, Chicago: C. H. Kerr and Co., 1911, pamphlet, 64 pp., 10 cents.

Hervé, Gustave, Patriotism and the Worker, New Castle, Pa.: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau [1912], 31 pp.

Hillquit, Morris [The I. W. W.], pp. 332-339 in his History of Socialism in the U. S., 5th ed., New York, 1910.

Hoxie, Robt. F., "The Industrial Workers of the World and revolutionary unionism," ch. vi (pp. 139-176) in his Trade Unionism in the United States (Bibliography on I. W. W. and Syndicalism, pp. 175-6). Appleton, 1917.

[The I. W. W. and the Chicago conspiracy trial] in The Labor Scrap Book, pp. 16-19 (Chicago, Kerr, 1918), (10c., pamphlet).

I. W. W, One big Union of all the Workers. The greatest thing on earth, Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau, n. d., 32 pp.

[Industrial Workers of the World], in the New International Year Book, 1917, pp. 356-357.

Karsner, David, The I. W. W. trial [Chicago, 1918]. New York: Irving Kaye Davis: 1919.

The "Knights of Liberty" Mob and the I. W. W. Prisoners at Tulsa, Okla. (Nov. 9, 1917), New York: National Civil Liberties Bureau, February, 1918, 16 pp. Reprinted in The Class Struggle, vol. ii, pp. 371-375 (May-June, 1918).

* Koetgen, Ewald, One Big Union in the Textile Industry, Cleveland, Ohio: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, 1914.

* Kurinsky, Philip, The I. W. W., its Principles and Methods, Brooklyn, Yiddish I. W. W. Publicity Association [1916], 63 pp., pamphlet, 10c. Text in Yiddish.

Legien, Carl, "Die Knights of Labor und die Industrial Workers of the World" (in his Aus Amerikas Arbeiterbewegung, Berlin, Verlag der Generalkommission der Gewerkschaften Deutschlands, 1914, pp. 162-184).

Includes a reproduction of "Father" T. J. Hagerty's "Wheel of Fortune" (p. 176) and a German translation of the January Manifesto (of 1905).

Lewis, Austin, Proletarian and Petit-Bourgeois, Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau [1914?], 47 pp.

Contains also: What comes of playing the game, by Chas. Edw. Russell, and Those who earn and those who work, by Scott Nearing.

* McDonald, Edward, The Farm Laborer and the City Worker—A Message to Both, Newcastle, Pa.: Solidarity Literature Bureau, n. d., pamphlet, 13 pp.

Macy, John, Socialism in America, "The American Books" series, New York: Doubleday Page, 1916, ch. ix, "Industrial Workers of the World," pp. 157-84 (Sympathetic and pro-I. W. W.).

Marot, Helen, American Labor Unions, New York: Holt, 1914, ch. iv, "Industrial Workers of the World," pp. 48-64.

"Les Mécontents de la Fédération [the I. W. W.s]"—in Report of the Socialist Party of America to the Stuttgart International Socialist Congress. 1907, L'Internationale Ouvrière el Socialiste, Stuttgart, 1907, édition française, vol. i, pp. 23-32.

National Civil Liberties Bureau, War-time Prosecutions and Mob Violence, involving the rights of free speech, free press and peaceful assemblage. From April 1, 1917 to March 1, 1919. New York, 1919, 55 pp.

"Compiled from the correspondence and press clippings of the National Civil liberties Bureau...." Cases "involving primarily the I. W. W.," pp. 11-12; Prosecutions specifically involving I. W. W. activity, pp. 34-37; I. W. W. cases of "search and seizure," pp. 38-39; other I. W. W. cases, passim.

* Nilsson, B. E., Political Socialism: Capturing the Government, Portland, Ore., n. d., pamphlet, 32 pp.

An "attempt to show that the working class have little or nothing to gain through political action, and that the energy expended in such action is worse than wasted."

Ol' rags and bottles, New York, National Civil Liberties Bureau, 1919, 7 pp. Reprinted from the New York Nation, Jan. 25, 1919.

An account of the I. W. W. trial at Sacramento, California, by a special correspondent.

* Perry, Grover H., The Revolutionary I. W. W., Cleveland, Ohio: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau: 1915, 24 pp., 5 cents.

Contains also How scabs are bred, by the same author, and The constructive program of the I. W. W., by B. H. Williams.

Plotting to convict Wheatland Hop Pickers, Oakland, Cal., International Press, 1914, 28 pp.

The Revolutionary I. W. W., London: n.d., pamphlet.

Robertson, James, Labor unionism based upon the American shop steward system [Portland, Ore.], c1919, 16 pp.

Russell, Bertrand, Democracy and direct action, London, Independent Labour Party, 1919. Reprinted from the English Review, May, 1919.

----, Roads to freedom: socialism, anarchism and syndicalism. London, Allen and Unwin, 1919, 210 pp.

* St. John, Vincent, The I. W. W.: Its History, Structure and Methods, Chicago: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau (1917), "Revised 1917" to Jan. 1, 1917, 32 pp., pamphlet, contains also the "Industrial Union Manifesto" (of 1905), pp. 25-9, and "The trend toward industrial freedom," by B. H. Williams (pp. 30-32). Reprinted from American Journal of Sociology symposium on "What is Americanism?" Finnish and Russian translations.

----, Industrial Unionism and the I. W. W., Chicago: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, 1913, 16 pp., pamphlet.

----, Testimony before United States Commission on Industrial Relations (New York, May 21, 1914), "Final Report and Testimony," vol. ii, pp. 1445-1462, 1571-2.

Schroeder, Theodore A., "The history of the San Diego free speech fight," ch. x (pp. 116-190) in his Free speech for radicals (1916 enlarged ed.). New York: Free Speech League, 1916. (This chapter originally appeared in the New York Call, Sunday issues beginning Mar. 15, 1914.)

Shall freedom die? Chicago, I. W. W. Publishing Bureau [1917], 20 pp., 10c., "166 union men in jail for labor ... by one of them."

* Smith, Walker C., The Everett Massacre, A history of the class struggle in the lumber industry, 358 pp. (illus.), Chicago: I. W. W. Publishing Bureau, 1918.

----, Sabotage, its History, Philosophy and Function, Spokane, Wash.?; 1913, pamphlet, 32 pp.

----, War and the Workers, Cleveland: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, n. d., leaflet. Also under title, "War! United States, Mexico, Japan." (Also in Solidarity, May 20, 1911.)

----, What is the I. W. W.? pp. 42-46 of pamphlet: On the firing line.

* Speed, Geo., Testimony before United States Commission on Industrial Relations, San Francisco, August 27, 1914, in Industrial Relations, Hearings, vol. 5: 4936-49.

Spielman, Jean E., The Tramp as a Home Guard, New Castle, Pa.: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, I. W. W. leaflet, n. d.

* Steiger, J. H., The Memoirs of a Silk Striker; an Exposure of the Principles and Tactics of the I. W. W. (Paterson, N. J.?), privately printed, 1914.

* Thompson, Jas. P., Testimony before United States Commission on Industrial Relations, Seattle, Wash., August 10-12, 1914—in Industrial Relations, vol. v, pp. 4233-42.

* Trautmann, Wm. E., Direct Action and Sabotage, Pittsburgh; Socialist News Company, 1912, 43 pp., illustrated, 10 cents.

----, Industrial union methods, Chicago, C. H. Kerr [1912], 29 pp.

----, Industrial Unionism, Chicago: C. H. Kerr & Co., 1909, pamphlet, 29 pp., 5 cents. Same as "Industrial Union Methods."

----, Industrial Unionism: The Hope of the Workers, Pittsburgh: Socialist News Co., 1912, pamphlet.

----, Vom Niederlagen zum Sieg, Chicago: I. W. W., 1911, pamphlet, 5 cents.

----, Why Strikes are Lost: How to Win, 23 pp., Newcastle, Pa.: Solidarity Literature Bureau, n. d.

* Trautmann, Wm. E., and Rovin, A. M., War against war, Los Angeles, Cal. [1915], price 15 cents, 46 pp.

* Trautmann, Wm. E., and Schlecweis, A., Industrial Combinations, New York: Industrial Literature Bureau, 1909, pamphlet, 32 pp. Chart insert "showing arrangement of industrial enterprises." Text is largely a running analysis of the chart. ("Printed by members of the I. W. W.")

* Tridon, André, The New Unionism, New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1917, 198 pp.

The truth about the I. W. W., New York: National Civil Liberties Bureau, Apr., 1918, 55 pp., 5 cents.

"Facts in relation to the trial at Chicago by competent industrial investigators and noted economists." Symposium of opinions expressed by various writers.

Turner, Jno. Kenneth, Story of a New Labor Union—(reprinted from Oregon Sunday Journal), written during the strike of the Portland Mill Workers, Industrial Union Leaflet No. 16—also in Industrial Union Bulletin, April 13, 1907.

Two Enemies of Labor. The complaints of the Anarchists [Chicago I. W. W.], Socialist Labor Party leaflet, n. d.

United Cloth Hat and Cap Makers of North America, General Executive Board, The Deceit of the I. W. W.: A year's record of the activity of the Industrial Workers of the World in the cloth, hat and cap trade, New York, 1906, 31 pp.

The United Stales of America vs. William D. Haywood et al. (No. 6125). In the District Court of the United States, northern district of Illinois, eastern division. Indictment on sections 6, 19 and 37 of the criminal code of the United States, and section 4 of the "Espionage Act" of June 15, 1917 (32-page pamphlet). Chicago: I. W. W. Publishing Bureau [1918].

United States Commission on Industrial Relations, The American Federation of Labor, the Socialist Party and the Industrial Workers of the World. Testimony of representatives (Gompers, Hillquit, St. John and Ettor) before United States Commission on Industrial Relations (New York: May 21-23, 1914), "Final Report and Testimony," vol. ii, pp. 1443-1579.

----, Industrial Conditions and Relations in Paterson, N. J.—Industrial Relations 3:2413-2645 (I. W. W. strikes in the silk mills and the relations between the two factions of the I. W. W.).

----, Report on I. W. W. Activities; especially its Strikes and Free Speech Fights—Lawrence, Paterson; Free speech at Denver, Spokane, Fresno, San Diego, Aberdeen, and Minot, S. D. (by Daniel O'Regan?), 106 pp., typ. MS. U. S. Department of Labor Library.

United States Congress, House of Representatives, Papers relative to Labor Troubles at Goldfield, Nev. Message from the President of the United States transmitting Report of Special Commission on Labor Troubles at Goldfield, Nev., and papers relating thereto—House Doc. No. 607, 60th Cong., 1st Sess. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1908, 30 pp.)

United States Congress. Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Hearings before a subcommittee on Bolshevik Propaganda. (65th Cong., 3rd Sess. and thereafter; February 11 to March 10, 1919) 1265 pp. Washington: Govt. Printing Office, 1919.

Extracts from I. W. W. papers, pamphlets, etc., pp. 1034-1135.

Untermann, Ernest, No compromise with the I. W. W., typed MSS., 4 pp., published in 1913 in New York Call and the National Socialist.

Vanderveer, Geo. F., Opening Statement [to the jury] in the case of the U. S. A. vs. Wm. D. Haywood, et al., Chicago: I. W. W. Publishing Bureau [1918], pamphlet, 25 cents, 102 pp.

Varney, Harold L., Industrial communism—the I. W. W., Butte, Mont., The Bulletin Print [1919], 16 pp.

----, Revolt, New York: Irving Kaye Davis, 1919, 416 pp., illus.

An I. W. W. novel by an I. W. W.

Veblen, Thorstein, On the nature and uses of sabotage. New York, Dial Publishing Co. [1919], 21 pp., Dial Reprints, No. 2.

Warbasse, James Peter, The ethics of sabotage, New York, 1913, 12 pp. Reprinted from the New York Call, June 29, 1913.

Weinstock, Harris, Report to the Governor of California on the disturbance in the city and county of San Diego in 1912, Sacramento, State Printing Office, 1912, 22 pp.

* Williams, B. H., Eleven Blind Leaders, New Castle, Pa.: Solidarity Literature Bureau, n. d., 32 pp., 10 cents. Contains also "Syndicalism and Socialism" by B. H. W(illiams), (editorial reprinted from Solidarity, April 27, 1912, pp. 30-31).

Woehlke, W. V., The I. W. W. [Cleveland, O., Nat'l. Metal Trades Assn., 1912], 16 p. A sketch of the I. W. W. Reprinted from the Outlook, July 6, 1912.

----, "The problem of the I. W. W.," ch. xiii (pp. 125-133) in his Union labor in peace and war (San Francisco, Sunset Publishing House, 1918).

* Woodruff, Abner E., The Advancing Proletariat: A Study of the Movement of the Working Class from Wage Slavery to Freedom, Cleveland: I. W. W. Publicity Bureau, Aug., 1914, pamphlet, 32 pp., 10 cents.

* Woodruff, Abner E., The Evolution of Industrial Democracy, Chicago: I. W. W. Publishing Bureau [1917], 40 pp. (Originally published in Solidarity, issues of November and December, 1916).

(b) MAGAZINE ARTICLES

1903 * Trautmann, Wm. E., "The United Brewery Workers and Industrial Organization," American Labor Union Journal, Sept. 3, 1903.

1904 * Debs, E. V., "Unionism and Socialism." Wayland's Monthly, Girard, Kans., August, 1904, no. 52, pp. 2-44, pamphlet.

1905 * Debs, E. V., "The industrial convention," International Socialist Rev., vol. v, pp. 85-6, August, 1905.

* DeLeon, Daniel, "The preamble of the Industrial Workers of the World." Miners' Magazine, vol. vii, nos. 121-124, Oct. 19. 26; Nov. 2, 9, 1905.

Address delivered in Minneapolis, July 10, 1905. Published also in pamphlet form.

* Hagerty, "Father" Thomas J., "Reasons for Industrial Unionism," Voice of Labor, March, 1905.

Hamilton, Grant, "A story of 'funny' unionism," American Federationist, vol. xii, p. 137 (March, 1905). The American Labor Union from the A. F. of L. standpoint.

* Haywood, Wm. D., "Industrial Unionism," Voice of Labor, June, 1905.

* Simons, A. M., "Industrial Workers of the World," International Socialist Review, vol. vi, pp. 65-77, August, 1905.

* Trautmann, Wm. E., "The Smashing Process Against Industrial Unionism and Socialism." Letter (dated at Cincinnati, June 17, 1905) in Weekly People, June 17, 1905, pp. 1, 2, 3. Open letter to the Brewery Workers and the working class.

1906 Conlon, P. J., "Went up like a rocket; came down like a stick," Machinists' Monthly Journal, vol. xviii, pp. 1108-1111 (December, 1906).

A trade-union obituary of the I. W. W. after its second convention.

"The [1906] Convention of the Industrial Workers at Chicago." Editorial, Miners' Magazine, Oct. 4, 1906, vol. viii, no. 171, pp. 6-7.

* Debs, E. V., "Industrial Unionism," Miners' Magazine, Jan. 25, 1906, pp. 8-12, vol. vii, no. 135. Reprinted from the Daily People. Also in International Socialist Review, August, 1910, vol. xi, p. 90.

O'Neill, Jno. M., "Our comment on the various reports of the [second] I. W. W. convention," Miners' Magazine, Nov. 8, 1906, pp. 6-9.

* St. John, V., "Vincent St. John on the [1906] I. W. W. Convention." (Letter to Editor), Miners' Magazine, Nov. 8, 1906, pp. 4-6, vol. viii, no. 176.

1906 * Simons, A. M., "Die Lage in den Vereinigten Staaten," Neue Zeit. 24 Jahrg. Bd. 1, Feb. 3, 1906, pp. 622-27.

1907 Currie, B. W., "How the West Dealt with the Industrial Workmen [sic] of the West," Harpers Weekly 51:908-10, June 22, 1907.

* Foote, E. J., "The Positive [Value] of Industrialism," Industrial Union Bulletin, May 4, 1907.

* Heslewood, F. W., "Relations of Trade-Unions and the Political Party," Industrial Union Bulletin, September 14, 1907.

Spielman, Jean E., "Are the I. W. W. still Revolutionary?" Mother Earth, Dec., 1907, vol. ii, pp. 457-460.

* Trautmann, Wm. E., "A brief history of the industrial union manifesto," Industrial Union Bulletin, Dec. 14, 21, 1907, Aug. 22, 1908.

——, "The Question of Might," Industrial Union Bulletin, Dec. 7, 1907.

Turner, Jno. Kenneth, "Story of a new labor union," Industrial Union Bulletin, April 13, 1907. Reprinted as Industrial Union Leaflet, no. 16.

1908 Bohn, Frank, "Mission and Functions of Industrial Unionism," Industrial Union Bulletin, May 2, 1908.

* DeLeon, Daniel, "The Intellectual Against the Worker" (being extracts from DeLeon's protest against his own disbarment from a seat in the Fourth Convention), Industrial Union Bulletin, Oct. 10, 1908, pp. 1-2.

* St. John, V., "The Worker Against the Intellectual" (extracts from St. John's reply to DeLeon and his argument for refusing DeLeon a seat), (Fourth Convention), Industrial Union Bulletin, Oct. 10, 1908, pp. 1-2.

1909 * Foote, E. J., "The Ethics of Industrial Unionism," Industrial Union Bulletin, Feb. 20, 1909.

* Flynn, E. G., "The Free Speech Fight at Spokane," International Socialist Review 10: 483, December, 1909.

* Trautmann, Wm. E., "German Syndicalism," Industrial Union Bulletin, March 6, 1909.

* Williams, B. H., "The Physical Force Fallacy," Industrial Union Bulletin, February 20, 1909.

1910 * Flynn, E. G., "Latest News from Spokane," International Socialist Review, March, 1910, vol. x, pp. 828-34.

——, "The Shame of Spokane," International Socialist Review, January, 1910, vol. x, p. 610-619.

* Heslewood, F. W., "Barbarous Spokane," International Socialist Review, February, 1910, 10: 705-713.

Parks, Wade R., "Spokane Analyzed by the Light of Lester F. Ward's 'Dynamic Sociology'", Weekly People, January 15, 1910, pp. 1-2. The author was Secretary of the Spokane local of the I. W. W. before 1908. He charges "wholesale graft, boodle," etc., in the I. W. W. in the Northwest.

1910 * St. John, Vincent. "The Brotherhood of Capital and Labor: its Effect on Labor," International Socialist Review, Jan., 1910, vol. x, pp. 587-593.

1911 Bohn, Frank, "Is the I. W. W. to Grow?" International Socialist Review 12: 42-44, July, 1911.

* Ebert, Justus, "Modern Industrialism," series of articles running in Solidarity, August 12, 1911—Nov. 4, 1911.

* Foster, W. Z., "Syndicalism in Germany," Industrial Worker, September 14, 1911.

----, "Un grand effort des industrialistes. La lutte pour la liberté de parole à Spokane" (États-Unis). Vie Ouvrière, January, 1911, pp. 91-100.

* St. John, Vincent, "Fake industrial union versus real industrial union," Industrial Worker, Apr. 6, 1911.

* Williams, B. H., "Sixth I. W. W. Convention," International Socialist Review 12: 300-2, Nov., 1911.

1912 Bohn, W. E., "Development of the Industrial Workers of the World," Survey 28: 220-5, May 4, 1912.

Brooks, Jno. G., "The Shadow of Anarchy," "The Industrial Workers of the World," Survey, April 6, 1912, vol. xxviii, no. 1, pp. 80-2. Reprinted from (Boston) Evening Transcript, February 10, 1912.

Cannon, J. P., "The Seventh [1912] I. W. W. Convention," International Socialist Review 13: 424, Nov., 1912.

Duff, Hezekiah N., "The I. W. W.'s; What They are and What They are Trying to do," (illustrated), Square Deal 10: 297-310, May, 1912. (Intemperately conservative).

* Foster, W. Z., "Revolutionary Tactics," The Agitator, April 15, 1912, May 1, 1912, May 15, June 1, 15, and July 1, 1912. (Comprehensive discussion by a syndicalist writer.)

----, "Syndicalism in France," The Agitator, July 15, 1912 and Aug. 1, 1912.

Ghent, W. J., "The Devotees of Syndicalism," Miners' Magazine, Aug. 29, 1912, p. 13. From the Social Democratic Herald.

* Haywood, W. D., "The Fighting I. W. W.," International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, pp. 246-7—September, 1912.

* Haywood, Wm. D., "Timber Workers and Timber Wolves," International Socialist Review 13: 105-10—August, 1912. (The strike of the Louisiana timber workers).

"The Industrial Workers of the World" (series of three articles), The Evening Post (N. Y.), Nov, 2, 1912, Saturday supplement, pp. 1, 2; Nov. 9, Saturday supplement, pp. 1, 3; Nov. 16, Saturday supplement, p. 2. (Excellent general description and analysis).

1912 "The I. W. W.," Miners' Magazine, Aug. 1, 1912. Reprinted from the Western Clarion.

"I. W. W. and Labor," The Protectionist, September, 1912, 308-10—From Boston Traveller.

"Inside Views on the I. W. W.'s," Toledo Union Leader, June 14, 1912.

"Lawrence and the Industrial Workers of the World," Survey, vol. xxviii, no. 1, April 6, 1912, pp. 79-80. (Statement in brief of the Lawrence Textile Workers' Strike Committee on March 24, the date on which it went out of existence. Its place was taken by a permanent body, Local 20, National Industrial Textile Workers' Union, of the I. W. W. The statement as it appears here is somewhat condensed....)

Lenz, Hugo, "The 'menace' of the I. W. W.," Labor Clarion (San Francisco), February 16, 1912, also in Solidarity, February 24, 1912.

"Menace of the I. W. W.," Houston Labor Journal, November 2, 1912, p. 1.

Randolph, H. S., "The I. W. W.," The Common Cause, vol. i, no. 5, May, 1912, pp. 1-9.

"The Real Menace to Unionism," Labor Digest (monthly), Minneapolis, Minn., April, 1912.

* Richter, H., "The I. W. W.: Retrospect and prospects," Industrial Union News, Jan., 1912.

Rosebury, A., "Industrialism the bugbear of society. The I. W. W. and its poverty of philosophy," Leather Workers Journal, October, 1912, pp. 42-3.

"Rumored Split in the Ranks of the Workers of the World. Rival Branches of the Organization in Chicago and Detroit Apparently at Each Other's Throats," Square Deal 11:65-8, August, 1912.

* Russell, Phillips, "The Strike at Little Falls," International Socialist Review 13:455-60, December, 1912.

Steffens, Lincoln, "The Labor Contract of the I. W. W.," Solidarity, April 6, 1912.

Stevens, F. B., "The I. W. W.—A World Menace to Civilization," Brooklyn Eagle, Sunday, April 28, 1912, magazine section, pp. 1, 2, illustrated.

"Syndicalism, sabotage, socialism and the Industrial Workers of the World," Labor World (New York), December 28, 1912, p. 2.

1912 Thompson, Chas. W., "The New Socialism that threatens the social system" (illustrated), New York Times, Sunday, March 17, 1912, pt. v., pp. 1, 2. (Exaggerates the strength of the I. W. W.).

* Thompson, J. P., "The Meaning of the Lawrence Strike," Solidarity, March 9, 1912.

* Tridon, André, "Syndicalism, 'sabotage' and how they were originated," Square Deal 10:407-14, June, 1912. "History of the foreign industrial movement, which is developing startlingly in America."

"What the I. W. W. is—history of the organization," Boiler Makers' Journal, August, 1912, 675-6; Toledo Union Leader, April 19, 1912, p. 1; Union Leader, June 29, 1912, p. 7.

"Why the I. W. W. is Dangerous," Labor Clarion (San Francisco), April 5, 1912.

Woehlke, W. V., "I. W. W.," Outlook, 101:531-6, July 6, 1912. Reprinted in pamphlet form by the National Metal Trades Association.

1913 Babson, R. W., "What of the I. W. W.'s?"—Special letter September 16, 1913—reprinted in The Masses, December, 1913, vol. v, no. 3, p. 20.

"Barren Record of the I. W. W. Movement," New York Times "Annalist," September 22, 1913, p. 378.

Berkman, Alexander, "The [Eighth: 1913] I. W. W. Convention," Mother Earth, October, 1913.

Bethune, W. T., "The I. W. W.: Its Significance," The Mediator 6:16-20, July, 1913. ("Significance of the I. W. W. movement is that it marks the breaking down of the popular belief that man must look for some superior intelligence, some power outside of himself, to decide for him ... his attitude towards his fellowman.")

Boyle, James, "Fiendish aims and policies of the Industrial Workers of the World" (Syndicalism and sabotage), Union Reporter (Canton, Ohio), September, 1913, p. 4. Reprinted from Labor World.

Brooks, J. G., "The real trouble with the Industrial Workers of the World," Survey, October 25, 1913. Its defects lie in its "atomistic view of industry and politics." Reprinted in The Wooden Shoe, Nov. 8, 1913.

Bryan, J. W., "Seattle Riots," Congressional Record, vol 1, 60th Cong., 1st sess., pp. 2900, 2902, 2903, 4400, 4410, 4411, 4413, 5980-3; July 29, Sept. 6, 1913, Nov. 22, 1913.

----, "The Seattle Riots," speech in House of Representatives, July 28, 1913, Congressional Record, July 29, 1913, pp. 32523257—63rd Cong., 1st Sess., vol. 1, no. 73—(including reprints of newspaper articles).

1913 "The Constructive Program of the I. W. W." (editorial), Solidarity, August 2, 1913.

Cooper, C. I., "Stogy makers and the I. W. W. in Pittsburgh," Survey, 31:214, November 29, 1913.

"Destruction the Avowed Purpose of the 1. W. W." (editorial), American Federationist, July, 1913.

* Doran, J. T., "Industrial unionism clearly explained to electrical workers and incidentally to the rest of the working class," Solidarity, Sept. 6, 1913.

Dosch, Arno, "What the I. W. W. is," World's Work 26:406-20, August, 1913.

* Downing, Mortimer, "The Case of the Hop Pickers," International Socialist Review 14:210-13, October, 1913.

"Fallacies of the I. W. W.," Coast Seaman's Journal (San Francisco), September 17, 1913, p. 2. Reprinted from Eureka Labor News.

Fitch, J. A., "The I. W. W. an outlaw organization," Survey 30:355-62, June 7, 1913.

* Foster, W. Z., "Syndicalism in the United States," The Syndicalist, January, 1913.

Fraina, Louis, "Syndicalism and Industrial Unionism," International Socialist Review, July, 1913.

* Giovannitti, Arturo, "The Bum" (poem), The Masses, January, 1913.

----, "Syndicalism—The Creed of Force," Independent 76:209-11, October 30, 1913.

Gompers, Samuel, "Destruction the avowed purpose of the I. W. W.," American Federationist 120, pp. 533-7, Washington, July, 1913.

----, "The Industrial Workers of the World," The Mediator 5:5-9, September, 1912—reprinted from American Federationist, July, 1913.

Hall, Henry N., "Two Wings of Labor's Big Army Warring on Each Other," The World (New York), July 27, 1913, p. 1, editorial section. Illustrated. Full page feature article. (A. F. of L. vs. I. W. W.).

* Haywood, W. D., "On the Paterson Picket Line," International Socialist Review, June, 1913, vol. xiii, pp. 847-51.

Hoxie, R. F., "The Truth About the I. W. W.," Journal of Political Economy, Nov., 1913, vol. xxi, pp. 785-97. Reprinted in International Molders' Journal 50:6-13, January, 1914.

"Industrial War," Locomotive Engineers' Monthly Journal, August, 1913:702-3 (A criticism of the I. W. W.).

1913 "The Industrial Workers of the World," Motorman and Conductor (Detroit), August, 1913, pp. 4-5. (A criticism).

"The Industrial Workers of the World make confession," Square Deal 13: 236-8, October, 1913. (Reprint of editorial signed "L. C. R." "Sensationalism versus organizing ability," Solidarity, August 23, 1913).

"The Industrial Workers of the World and the New York Waiters," (editorial), Square Deal, February, 1913.

"The I. W. W.—An Inside View of its Methods," Industrial World, Pittsburgh, December 22, 1913, pp. 1526-7. Copy of an editorial in Solidarity.

"The I. W. W. 'machine' and the Industrial Worker" (Letters and statements in regard to the Heslewood-Smith controversy and the management of the Industrial Worker) The Social War, August 16, 1913.

"I. W. W. Strikes" (editorial), American Federationist, August, 1913.

* Koeltgen, Ewald, "I. W. W. Convention" (September 13-27, 1913), International Socialist Review (Chicago), November 1913, 275-6.

Levine, Louis, "Development of Syndicalism in the United States," Political Science Quarterly, vol. xxviii, pp. 451-479 (September, 1913). (An exceedingly good historical analysis).

Lippmann, W., "The I. W. W.—Insurrection or Revolution?" New Review, August, 1913.

Owen, Wm. C., "Economic revolution and the I. W. W." The Social War, September, 1913.

* Pease, Frank C., "The I. W. W. and Revolution," Forum 50: 153-68, August, 1913. (Eulogy by a member.)

Portenar, A. J., "The Perversion of the Ideal. A reply to the doctrine of syndicalism as advocated by the I. W. W.," International Molders' Journal, August, 1913, 635-8. Address before the Sagamore Sociological Conference, Sagamore Beach, Mass., July 2, 1913. (For a reply to Portenar's article, see ibid., September, 1913, pp. 764-6).

Reitman, Ben. L., "Impressions of the Chicago Convention" (Eighth I. W. W. Convention, 1913), Mother Earth, October, 1913.

"Reverses for the I. W. W." Protectionist (Boston), October, 1913, pp. 437-9. Reprinted from the Boston Transcript.

* St. John, Vincent, "The economic argument for industrial Unionism," International Socialist Review, September, 1908, vol. 9: 172. Also in Solidarity, January 18, 1913.

"Some Comments on the I. W. W.," Typographical Journal, February, 1913, pp. 149-50.

1913 * Trautmann, Wm. E., "Free graft fights," New York Call, May 2, 1913.

* Tridon, André, "Haywood," New Review 1: 502-6, May, 1913.

----, "The New Unionism in Germany," Industrial Worker, February 13, 1913.

----, "Syndicalism: What It means," The International, January, 1913. Abridged reprint in Industrial Worker, January 23, 1913.

----, "The workers' only hope—Direct action," Independent 74:79-83, January 9, 1913.

Tucker, Irwin St. J., "The Church and the I. W. W.," Churchman (New York), August 30, 1913, pp. 278, 290. (Describes the I. W. W. organization and explains how the church can reach its members).

"The War Is On" [with the I. W. W.], Miners' Magazine, September 4, 1913, p. 7.

Weston, E., "Some Principles of the I. W. W.," American Employer, July, 1913.

Williams, B. H., "The constructive program of the I. W. W." Editorial, Solidarity, June 7, 1913. Reprinted on pp. 12-20 of The Revolutionary I. W. W. by G. H. Perry.

1914 * Ashleigh, Chas., "The floater," International Socialist Review, 15: 34-38, July, 1914.

* Debs, E. V., "A Plea for Solidarity," International Socialist Review, March, 1914, 14: 535-8.

Dueberg, Helmuth, "I. W. W.'s attempt to organize discontent," Los Angeles Times, August 16, 1914, pt. vi, p. 4.

Eastman, Max, "I. W. W.: The great American scapegoat," New Review 2: 465-70, August, 1914.

* Ettor, Jos. J., "I. W. W. versus A. F. of L.," New Review, May, 1914, 2: 275-85.

* Ettor, Jos, J. and Haywood, W. D., "What the I. W. W. intends to do to the U. S. A.," The World (New York), June 14, 1914, sec. E, p. 1. Reprinted in Solidarity, June 27, 1914.

Foster, W. Z., "The miners' revolt in Butte," Mother Earth, September, 1914, pp. 216-220.

Fraina, L. C., "Daniel DeLeon," New Review 2: 390-99, July, 1914.

* Haywood, Wm. D., "An Appeal for Industrial Solidarity," International Socialist Review 14: 544-6, March, 1914.

----, "Jaures and the General Strike," International Socialist Review, September, 1914.

----, "The Revolt at Butte," International Socialist Review, August, 1914.

"Industrial Workers of the World: their French progenitors," Steam Shovel Magazine, September, 1914, pp. 9-10.

1914 "I. W. W.," Social Tidskrift, May, 1914, pp. 214-17.

"I. W. W. tactics" (editorial), International Molders' Journal 50: 652-3, August, 1914.

Lewis, Howard T., "The I. W. W.," (an historical sketch), The Mediator 6: 21-30, February, 1914.

McGregor, J., "Wreckers of peace—Industrial Workers of the World are railroad strike advocates all over the World. An illustration of the fact from New Zealand," Labor World (Pittsburgh) 22, no. 14, pp. 4, 13, February 12, 1914.

* Quinlan, Patrick L., "The Paterson Strike and After," New Review 2: 26-33, January, 1914.

* St. John, Vincent, "The working class and war," International Socialist Review, August, 1914, 15: 117-18.

Somerville, H., "Successors to socialism," Catholic World 99: 173-80, May, 1914 (I. W. W.).

United States Congress, House of Representatives, "Riots in Seattle, Wash., in (July), 1913 between Industrial Workers of the World and United States soldiers and sailors." Speech of William E. Humphrey, of Wash., in House, Sept. 3, 1914. (In Congressional Record of Sept. 4, vol. I, no. 105, pp. 4679-4693. Includes newspaper clippings on the subject.)

Woehlke, W. V., "Porterhouse heaven and the hobo," Technical World, August, 1914, vol. xxi, pp. 808-18.

"Work and the police mortal foes of the I. W. W.," New York Tribune, April 12, 1914, Part V, special feature section—full page article, illustrated.

1915 Fitch, J. A., "Baiting the I. W. W.," Survey 33: 634-5, March 6, 1915.

"I. W. W. Beaten in Dominion" [of Canada]. (Description of I. W. W. activities in British Columbia). Special correspondence of the Los Angeles Times, Sunday, June 6, 1915, pt. vi, p. 3, columns 1, 2, 3.

Katz, Rudolph, "With DeLeon Since '89," serially in Weekly People, March 20, 1915 to Jan. 29, 1916.

* Williams, B. H., "The trend toward industrial freedom." In a symposium, on "What is Americanism?" American Journal of Sociology, vol. xx, pp. 626-8, March, 1915. Reprinted in St. John's I. W. W., Its history, structure and methods, pp. 30-32.

1916 Babson, R. W., "The I. W. W.'s Latest Move" (in Minnesota and Michigan, etc.), in Babson's Reports on Economic Co-operative Movements (confidential bulletin of the Coöperation Service No. L-59, Wellesley Hills, Mass.). Aug., 1916 (Labor forecast).

1916 Bindley, Barbara, "Helen Keller would be I. W. W.'s Joan of Arc.," New York Tribune, January 16, 1916, sec. v, p. 5.

* Dodd, J. Stephen, "The forerunner of industrial democracy," Solidarity, Dec. 30, 1916. (The industrial union, as embodied in the I. W. W., is the author's forerunner.)

* Nef, W. T., "Job Control in the Harvest Fields," International Socialist Review, September, 1916, vol. xvii, pp. 140-3.

* Smith, Walker C., "The Voyage of the Verona," International Socialist Review 17:340-6, December, 1916. (The "riot" at Everett, Wash.).

* Woodruff, Abner E., "Evolution of Industrial Democracy," Solidarity, Nov. 4, 11, 18, 25 and Dec. 2, 9, 1916. (Also published in pamphlet form.)

1917 "America's cancer sore—the I. W. W.," Los Angeles Times, Dec. 9, 1917, pp. 4, 18 (magazine supplement).

* Ashleigh, Charles, "Everett, November Fifth" (poem), International Socialist Review, February, 1917, vol. xvii, p. 479.

Ashurst, H. F., "The I. W. W. menace" (speech in U. S. Senate, Aug. 17, 1917) Congr. Record, vol. lv (no. 113), p. 6687.

* Baldazzi, Jno., "Ethics of Revolutionary Syndicalism," Solidarity, January 27, 1917, p. 3.

Colby, E., "The Industrial Workers of the World," Bellman, 22:233-5, Mar. 3, 1917.

Coleman, B. S., "The I. W. W. and the law; ... the result of Everett's Bloody Sunday" (illus.), Sunset Magazine, vol. xxxix, pp. 3, 5, 68-70 (July, 1917).

Crawford, A., "The spectre of industrial unionism" (illus.), International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, pp. 80-83 (Aug., 1917).

* Doree, E. F., "Ham stringing the sugar hogs," International Socialist Review, xvii, 615-17, April, 1917 (Sugar workers' strike).

"Enemy within our midst," Gateway, vol. xxix, pp. 13-16 (Dec., 1917).

Fraina, Louis C., "The I. W. W. trial," The Class Struggle, vol. i, no. 4, pp. 1-5 (Nov.-Dec., 1917).

"From the I. W. W. Indictments," International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, pp. 271-277 (Nov.-Dec., 1917). (Contains comprehensive excerpts from the indictments brought by the U. S. Government in Sept., 1917.)

[I. W. W. activities in the Pacific Northwest, 1917]. Remarks in the U. S. Senate, Aug. 11, 1917. Congr. Record, vol. lv, pp. 6533-6534.

"The I. W. W. as prison reformers," Survey, vol. xxxvii, pp. 461-462 (Jan. 20, 1917).

1917 "I. W. W. raids and others," New Republic, vol. xii, pp. 175-177.

"The Industrial Workers of the World," Industrial Peace (London), October, 1917, pp. 14-20.

"The iron heel in Australia," International Socialist Review, vol. xvii, no. 8, pp. 473-475.

Johnson, Albert, "The preaching of treason and the breeding of sedition must stop," Congressional Record, vol. lv, no. 145, p. 8037. (Speech on the I. W. W. and the war in the U. S. House of Representatives, June 25, 1917).

"Lay Australian arson plot to I. W. W.," New York Times, Apr. 14, 1917, p. 6, cols. 1-3.

* Macdonald, J., "From Butte to Bisbee" (illus.), International Socialist Review, vol. xviii. pp. 69-71 (Aug., 1917). (The I. W. W. in the copper camps.)

Merz, C., "Tying up western lumber," New Republic, vol. xii, pp. 242-244 (Sept. 29, 1917).

Myers, H. L. (U. S. Senator from Montana). (Speech on the I. W. W. with special reference to the Butte copper-mining situation), U. S. Senate, Aug. 23, 1917. Congr. Record, vol. lv, no. 118, pp. 6869-6871.

"Organization or anarchy," New Republic, vol, xi, pp. 320-322 (July 21, 1917).

Parker, C. H., "The I. W. W.," Atlantic Monthly, vol. 120, pp. 651-662 (Nov., 1917). (An extremely good psychological interpretation of the I. W. W. movement and personnel.)

"Patriotism in the Middle West," The Masses, 9: 19-21 (June, 1917). (The militia raid on the I. W. W. hall in Kansas City, Mar. 27, 1917.)

"The tenth annual I. W. W. convention," International Socialist Review, vol. xvii, pp. 406-409 (Jan., 1917).

"What Haywood says of the I. W. W.," Survey, vol. xxxviii, pp. 429-430 (Aug. 11, 1917).

Woehlke, Walter V., "The I. W. W. and the Golden Rule: Why Everett [Wash.] used the club and gun on the Red Apostles of direct action," Sunset Magazine, vol. xxxviii, pp. 16-18, 62-65 (February, 1917).

1918 Blythe, Samuel G., "Our imported troubles and trouble makers," Saturday Evening Post, May 11, 1918. (The I. W. W. and the war.)

Browne, L. A., "Bolshevism in America," Forum, 59: 703-17. June, 1918.

Bruère, Robert W., "Copper camp patriotism," (The I. W. W. and the war. The Bisbee deportations). The Nation, vol. 106, pp. 202-3, 235-6 (Feb. 21 and 28, 1918).

1918 ——, "Following the trail of the I. W. W.," "A first-hand investigation into labor troubles of the West." Series of articles on conditions in mining, lumbering and agriculture, The New York Evening Post, Nov. 14, 17, 24; Dec. 1, 8, 12, 15, 1917; Feb. 13, 16, 23; Mar. 2, 9, 16, 23, 30; Apr. 6, 13, 20, 1918.

----, "The Industrial Workers of the World"—an interpretation, Harper's Magazine, July, 1918 (pp. 250-257).

Callender, Harold, "The truth about the I. W. W.," International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, no. 7, pp. 332-342 (Jan., 1918).

"Colonel Disque and the I. W. W.," New Republic, vol. xiv, pp. 284-285 (April 6, 1918). (The I. W. W. in the lumber industry of the Northwest.)

* Debs, E. V., "The I. W. W. bogey," International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, pp. 395-396 (Feb., 1918).

Easley, Ralph M., "Survey of I. W. W. activities during the war," New York Times, July 7, 1918, sec. iii, p. 3, cols. 1-6.

"Defensive propaganda for accused leaders answered...." Based on brochure written by T. E. Harré who, the editors state, "has made a careful survey of the activities of the International [sic] Workers of the World since the outbreak of the war."

"Great Labor Trial Astounding Verdict," The Labor Defender, vol. i, no. 14, pp. 3-6 (Sept. 1, 1918).

Green, W. R., "I. W. W. organization," Congressional Record, vol. lvi, pp. 6799-6800 (May 9, 1918).

Hartman, F. H., "The I. W. W.—a scapegoat," The Radical Review, July, 1918.

"The I. W. W. as an agent of pan-Germanism," World's Work, vol. xxxvi, pp. 581-2 (Oct., 1918).

[The I. W. W. in the lumber industry of the northwest]. Remarks of various members of the U. S. Senate, Mar. 21, 1918. Congr. Record, vol. lvi, no. 82, pp. 4095-4101.

* Keller, Helen, "In behalf of the I. W. W.," The Liberator, March, 1918.

King, William H., (U. S. Senator from Utah), [The I. W. W.], Congressional Record, vol. lvi, pp. 6565-6566 (May 6, 1918).

Landis, K. M. [Address to the jury in the case of Wm. D. Haywood v. The United States of America, August 17, 1918]. Defense News Bulletin, Aug. 24, 1918, pp. 3-4.

"Misconceptions of the I. W. W.," Labor Defender, Dec. 1, 1918, pp. 4-5. Published also as a leaflet.

* Phillips, Jack, "Speaking of the Department of Justice," International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, pp. 406-407 (February, 1918). (On the U. S. Government indictments of the I. W. W.)

1918 Reed, John, "The social revolution in court" (illus. by Art Young), Liberator, September, 1918, pp. 20-28. Reprinted in Cal. Defence Bulletin, Nov. 4 1918.

Sherman, Lawrence Y. (U. S. Senator from Illinois), [The I. W. W. and the war], Congressional Record, vol. lvi, pp. 8742-8745 (June 20, 1918).

Speech in the United States Senate, June 20, 1918.

"Spruce and the I. W. W.," New Republic, vol. xiv, pp. 99-100 (Feb. 23, 1918).

"Telling it to Wilson," Labor Defender, vol. i, no. 16, pp. 4-5, 11 (Oct. 15, 1918); reprinted in The Liberator, November, 1918, pp. 43, 47. Also reprinted in The Nation under the title: "Is civil liberty dead?".

Reprint of a memorandum on the Federal Government and the I. W. W. sent to President Wilson by the National Civil Liberties Bureau.

* Thompson, Jas. P., "Industrial unionism: what it is," International Socialist Review, vol. xviii, pp. 366-73 (Jan., 1918). A reprint of his testimony before the U. S. Commission on Industrial Relations.

"Tulsa, November 9th" (story of deportation of I. W. W.s from Tulsa, Oklahoma, Nov. 9, 1917. The sworn statement of the secretary of the Tulsa local of the I. W. W.) The Liberator, vol. i, pp. 15-17 (April, 1918).

Walsh, John T., "The I. W. W. trial," The Labor Defender, vol. i, no. 12, pp. 3-5 (July 30, 1918).

Walsh, Thomas J. (United States Senator from Montana), [The Industrial Workers of the World], Congressional Record, vol. lvi, pp. 6566-6569 (May 6, 1918).

Excerpts from I. W. W. papers and pamphlets.

Warren, W. H., "Treason by the wholesale; an exposé of I. W. W. methods," Oregon Voter, vol. xii, pp. 310-311 (Mar. 9, 1918).

"What has been proved at the I. W. W. trial. Review of evidence introduced at Chicago ...," New York Times, Aug. 4, 1918, sec. iv, p. 4, cols. 1-6.

"This article, in which is presented a concise statement of what the trial has brought to light, was written by an observer, acting under official auspices, having access to all the records and sources of information."

"What shall be done with the I. W. W.?" Seattle Municipal News, vol. vii, pp. 1-2 (May 4, 1918).

Wolff, W. A., "The northwestern front," Collier's Weekly, Apr. 20, 1918. (The I. W. W., the lumber industry and the war.)

Yarros, Victor S., "The I. W. W. trial," Nation, Aug. 31, 1918, vol, 107, pp. 220-223.

1918——, "The story of the I. W. W. trial"; I. "The atmosphere of the trial," Survey, Aug. 31, 1918; II. "The case for the prosecution," Survey, Sept. 7, 1918; III. "The nature and pith of the defense," Survey, Sept. 14, 1918. Vol. xl, pp. 603-604. 630-632, 660-663.

Young, Arthur, "The social revolution in court," The Liberator, September, 1918, pp. 20-28 (illus.).

The Chicago I. W. W. trial.

1919 A Silent Defense Prisoner, "A direct appeal to the American people. A statement of the Sacramento case," One Big Union Monthly, March, 1919, pp. 32-34.

* Andreytchine, George, "Industrial unionism versus Bolshevism," Industrial Worker, November 1, 1919.

* Blossom, Frederick A., "Misconception of the I. W. W.," Industrial Worker, August 9, 1919. Reprinted from Gale's Magazine.

* Bruner, Roberta, "The 11th annual I. W. W. convention," May, 1919, One Big Union Monthly, June, 1919, pp. 46-47; July, 1919, pp. 18-19.

Carleton, Frank T., "Pedagogy and syndicalism," The Public, February 8, 1919, vol. xxii, pp. 133-134.

On the I. W. W. after the war.

* Ebert, Justus, "Reconstruction: A working-class presentation of its problems," One Big Union Monthly, September, 1919, pp. 22-25.

* Edwards, Forrest, "The merits of legal defense," One Big Union Monthly, September, 1919, pp. 10-11.

Ferguson, I. E., "The I. W. W. convention," Revolutionary Age, June 14, 1919.

"The future and the I. W. W.", by a Washington official. The Public, February 8, 1919, vol. xxii, pp. 134-136.

The I. W. W. and the lumber industry.

Gale, Linn A. E., "The Mexican communists and industrial unionism," Industrial Worker, November 15, 1919.

Hedrick, P. C., "The I. W. W. and Mayor Hanson," Unpartizan Review, July, 1919 (vol. xii, pp. 35-45).

"Industrial Workers of World organize anew," Labor Opinion (Portland, Oreg.), July, 1919.

Report of the May, 1919, convention.

"The invincible I. W. W.," Liberator, May, 1919, pp. 9-10.

Lanier, A. S., "To the President: An open letter in regard to case of United States versus Wm. D. Haywood, et al.," The New Republic, vol. xviii, pp. 383-384 (April 19, 1919).

1919 Lyons, Eugene, "Tulsa: A study in oil," One Big Union Monthly, December, 1919, pp. 35-37.

McMahon, Theresa S., "Centralia and the I. W. W.," The Survey, November 29, 1919, pp. 173-174.

Marcy, Mary E., "The I. W. W. convention," Liberator, July, 1919, pp. 10-12.

"Ol' rags and bottles," The Nation, January 25, 1919, vol. cviii, pp. 114-116.

An account of the I. W. W. trial at Sacramento, California, by The Nation's special correspondent.

"The One Big Union," The Round Table, June, 1919, pp. 611-619, The I. W. W. in Australia.

Parsons, Geoffrey, "Wichita's way with a wave of I. W. W. Bolshevism," New York Tribune, March 2, 1919, sec. vii, p. 3.

* Payne, C. E., "The fundamental principles of the I. W. W.," One Big Union Monthly, November, 1919, pp. 38-39.

Price, A. H., "How the I. W. W. men brought about the 8-hour day in the lumber industry," One Big Union Monthly, March, 1919, pp. 16-18.

* Sandgren, John, "The I. W. W. needs an industrial encyclopedia," One Big Union Monthly, November, 1919, pp. 42-4.

Urges upon the organization the study and practice of industrial administration.

----, "Industrial unionism versus Bolshevism," Industrial Worker, November 8, 1919.

* Soltis, John Gabriel, "The Bolsheviki in America," One Big Union Monthly, May, 1919, pp. 19-20.

----, "The realism of the Bolsheviki," One Big Union Monthly, September, 1919, pp. 39-40.

Sterling, Jean, "The silent defense in Sacramento," The Liberator, February, 1919, pp. 15-17.

The Sacramento conspiracy case.

* Varney, Harold L., "Butte in the hands of the I. W. W.," One Big Union Monthly, March, 1919, pp. 36-37.

----, "The story of the I. W. W.," One Big Union Monthly, March, 1919, and subsequent issues.

A detailed history of the organization by a member, running serially in the O. B. U. Monthly beginning with the issue of March, 1919.

"What's wrong with labor? Federation threatened with I. W. W. control from the inside," New York Times, October 26, 1919, sec. 4, pp. 1-2, 12.

"What the I. W. W. black cat and wooden shoe emblems mean." Literary Digest, vol. 61, pp. 70-75 (April 19, 1919).

1919 * Woodruff, Abner E., The evolution of American agriculture. With an introduction by Wm. D. Haywood. Chicago: Agricultural Workers Industrial Union No. 400: 1919, 77 pp., illus.

1920 * Doran, J. T. (of the I. W. W.), "Murder in Centralia," The Liberator, February, 1920, pp. 16-18.

Hard, William, "William Z. Foster," The New Republic, January 7, 1920, pp. 163-166.

Spargo, John, "Why the I. W. W. flourishes," World's Work, January, 1920, pp. 243-247.

Turner, George Kibbe, "The Possibilist," Saturday Evening Post, issues beginning with January 31, 1920.

* Varney, Harold Lord, "The I. W. W. exposed by its chief propagandist. Harold Lord Varney, 'Bill' Haywood's counsellor and aid, charges that the main object of the leaders is to bring about the destruction of the American Federation of Labor...." The World (New York), February 8, 1920, sec. E., p. 1.

---

[INDEX]

A
Aberdeen, S. D., free-speech fight, [266].
Agreements, [88], [101], [115], [198], 321, [325]-[326], [373];
constitutional amendment on, [330].
Agricultural workers. Vide Farm laborers.
Agricultural Workers Organization, [337], [339], [341].
American Federation of Labor, [35], [54], [66], [108], [114], [118], [123], [129], [186], [210], [215], [250]-[252], [278], [299], [303]-[305], [320]-[321], [327], [336], [339], [372]-[374];
on the I. W. W., [65];
locals represented at 1st I. W. W. convention, [71]-[72];
I. W. W. criticism of, [83]-[89];
friction with I. W. W. in strikes, [116]-[117], [204]-[205];
at Goldfield, Nev., [191]-[192], [195];
and I. W. W. at Lawrence, Mass., [289].
American Labor Union, [44], [54], [58], [70], [71], [74]-[75], [90], [102], [122], [132], [153];
compared with I. W. W., [45];
principles of, [46];
weakness in 1905, [54].
American Railway Union, [40], [54].
Anarchism, [252], [281], [298], [310], [316].
Anarchists, [109], [316];
at 1st I. W, W. convention, [78];
at 3rd convention, [178].
Anti-militarism. Vide Militarism and War.
Arizona, "sabotage" law vetoed by the Governor, [347].
Arizona District Industrial Council of the I. W. W., [163].
Association of United Workers of America. Vide Socialist Labor party.
Augustine, Paul, [151].
Australia, the I. W. W. in, [282], [342]-[345];
Unlawful Associations Act, [282], [343]-[344].
Autonomy, craft, [63], [97], [101].
Vide also Decentralization.
B
Baltimore I. W. W. cigar makers,246, [248];
Amalgamated Clothing Workers and the I. W. W., [251]-[252].
Barnes, J. M., [147].
Berger, Victor, [140];
on sabotage, [281].
Berkman, Alexander, [318].
Bohn, Frank, [62], [95], [103], [316].
Bolsheviki, [241], [374]-[375].
"Boring from within" policy, the, [60], [65]-[66], [81]-[82], [89], [104], [118];
January (1905) Conference on, [66]-[67];
attitude of Socialist party, [82];
vs. "dual unionism," [299]-[304];
results of policy in England, [300].
Vide also Dual Unionism.
Bowman, Guy, [302].
Brewery Workmen of the U. S., National Union of the United, [38], [55], [58], [61], [72], [215].
Bridgeport, Conn., strike of tube mill workers, [203]-[204], [214].
British Labor party and the I. W. W., on workers' control in industry, [12]-[13].
Brooks, J. G., American syndicalism, [27].
Brussels, International Labor and Socialist Congress (1911), [252].
Budapest, International Labor Congress, on admission of I. W. W. delegate, [273]-[275].
Bulletins of the Industrial Workers of the World, [146].
"Bummery," the, [220], [371].
Butte, Mont., controversy between I. W. W. and A. F. of L., 321 et seq.;
dynamiting of the Miners' Union Hall, [321]-[322];
"reds" vs. "yellows" at, [322]-[324].
Butte Miners' Union, [105].
C
California, I. W. W. attitude toward Japanese in, [208]-[209];
criminal syndicalism act, [347].
Carpenters and Joiners, United Brotherhood of, ban on membership in I. W. W., [118].
Casey, Thos. B., [202].
Centralization. Vide Decentralization
Challaye, F., quoted, [232].
Chambers, T., [202].
Chartists, compared with I. W. W., [27].
Chase, C. H., [230].
Chicago, Ill., window washers' strike, [123];
Industrial Council of the I. W. W., [163].
Chicago conspiracy case, [347];
the indictment, [7];
verdict and sentences imposed, [8].
Chicago faction of the I. W. W., compared with the Detroit wing, [220], [234], [252];
and the Detroit wing, [237]-[240];
and the Baltimore clothing workers, [251]-[252];
condition after 1908 split, [260];
Preamble to Constitution, [351]-[352];
membership statistics, [354]-[359].
Vide also Industrial Workers of the World.
Cincinnati, Ohio, marble workers' strike, [123];
Industrial Council of the I. W. W., [163].
Cleveland, Ohio, stogie workers' strike, [123].
Cloth Cap and Hat Makers, United, forbid members to join I. W. W., [118].
Clothing Workers, Amalgamated, and the I. W. W. in Baltimore, [251]-[252].
Coates, D. C., [79].
Cole, Thos., [228].
Cole, T. J., [176].
Collective bargaining. Vide Agreements.
Confédération Générale du Travail, [36], [47]-[48], [109], [274]-[276], [299], [301], [326];
compared with I. W. W., [276].
Constitution, [102], [110], [176], [236], [273], [308];
departmental and other subdivisions, [98], [134], [164]-[165];
locals, [99];
officers provided for, [99];
General Executive Board, [100];
mixed locals, [162];
industrial councils, [163];
initiative and referendum, [310], [331]-[332];
agreements, [332];
Preamble to, [351]-[353].
Vide also Structure and Preamble.
Contracts. Vide Agreements.
Control of industry by workers, I. W. W. emphasis upon idea of, [12];
present unfitness of I. W. W. for, [13];
policy of W. F. M. on, [43].
Conventions of the I. W. W., constituent convention (1905), organizations represented at, [68]-[69], [74];
types of unions represented, [70];
method of representation, [72]-[73];
distribution of power in, [74]-[75];
doctrinal types at, [76]-[79];
resolutions, [91]-[92].
Conventions of the I. W. W., 2nd (1906), [129], [136], [176]-[177];
controversy at, 136 et seq.;
3rd (1907), [178]-[182], [188], [210]-[211];
number of locals represented, [180]-[181];
efforts to modify Preamble, [188]-[189];
4th (1908), [212], [218], [221]-[228];
delegates at, [221];
officers elected, [228];
5th (1910), [267];
6th (1911), [267], [271];
7th (1912), [277], [295], [298];
8th (1913), [305];
9th (1914), [327]-[332];
10th (1916), [337]-[338], [340]-[341], [349];
pre-convention conference of the "Proletarian Rabble" (1906), [137]-[139];
Sherman faction (1907), [179].
Conventions of the (Detroit) I. W. W., "rump" convention of 1908, [228]-[230];
"sixth I. W. W. convention" (1913), [244]-[245];
"eighth I. W. W. convention" (1915), [245], [250], [254].
Coöperation, resolution on, [91].
Craft unionism, I. W. W. criticism of, [62]-[63], [84]-[89], [184]-[185];
Gompers on, [90];
I. W. W. compromises with, [118]-[119].
Craft unions, political activity of, [93]-[96];
prohibit members joining I. W. W., [118].
Crawford, C. E., [254].
Creel, George, [264].
Criminal syndicalism laws, [282], [346]-[348];
held constitutional, [348];
California, [347];
South Dakota, [347]-[348];
Michigan, [347];
Minnesota, [381]-[382];
Idaho, [383]-[384];
Montana, [384]-[386];
Washington, [347].
Vide also Unlawful Associations Act.
D
Darrow, Clarence S., [172].
Debs, Eugene V., [73], [79]-[80], [327];
activity in launching I. W. W., [58];
on agreements, [86];
on "boring from within," [89];
on Daniel DeLeon, [241];
on political action, [253]-[254].
Decentralization, [161], [167], [271], [297]-[298], [305]-[318];
Eastern compared with Western I. W. W., [298].
Vide also Autonomy.
DeLeon, Daniel, [65]-[66], [75], [79]-[82], [103], [141], [143], [147]-[148], [151]-[152], [164], [167], [178], [180], [187], [211], [220]-[221], [224], [235]-[236];
on revolutionary unionism, [48], [51];
on agreements, [86];
on "pure and simple" unions, [88];
on "boring from within," [89];
on political action, [93]-[94], [168];
work at 1st convention, [105];
on the referendum, [158];
unseated at 4th convention, [222]-[223];
influence on I. W. W. [238]-[240];
personal character, [238]-[240];
and Lenin, [241].
DeLeonism, [104]-[105], [149], [227].
Democratic government, I. W. W. attitude toward, [158].
Denver, Colo., free-speech fight, [264].
Departments of the I. W. W., Industrial. Vide Structure and Constitution.
Detroit faction of the I. W. W., [227], [234];
compared with Chicago faction, [220], 234 et seq.;
local unions adhering to, [230]-[231], [243];
claims to be "the real I. W. W.," [237]-[238];
membership, [243]-[244], [354]-[359];
1913 convention, [244]-[245];
1915 convention, [245], [250];
industrial character of membership, [245];
strikes, [246]-[248];
and the Chicago faction, [248]-[250], [254];
Debs on, [253];
Preamble to Constitution, [351]-[352].
Vide also Industrial Workers of the World.
Direct action, [53], [251], [253]-[254], 278 et seq., [286], [292], [296], [317], [329];
at Goldfield, [195];
DeLeon and St. John on, [236];
definitions of [278]-[279].
Vide also Sabotage and Violence.
Doctrine, types of at first convention, [77]-[79].
Dual membership. Vide Membership.
Dual unionism, [114], [117];
vs. "boring from within," [299]-[304].
Vide also Boring from within.
Dynamite planting at Lawrence, Mass., [288].
E
Eastern and Western locals, compared, [233]-[234], [298], [313]-[316].
Ebert, Justus, [40], [224]-[225].
Edwards, A. S., [176], [220].
Efficiency, in conduct of business of local unions, [330].
Employers, attitude of, toward I. W. W., [9]-[13];
use of sentiment of patriotism in dealing with labor, [10].
Engineers, Amalgamated Society of, secedes from I. W. W., [121]-[122];
part of the I. W. W. Metals and Machinery Dept., [122].
England, the I. W. W. in, [342].
Enlistment, alleged hindering of, by I. W. W., [7].
Vide also Espionage act, Militarism, War.
Espionage act, indictment of I. W. W.s under;
Chicago case, [7]-[8], [347];
Sacramento case, [282].
Estes, Geo., [57].
Ethics, proletarian, [263], [293]-[295].
Ettor, J. J., [228], [286]-[287], [289]-[290], [291];
quoted, [296];
on dual unionism, [303]-[304].
Eureka, Calif., strikes at, [203], [261].
Everett, Wash., free-speech fight [266], [339].
F
Farberg, Lillian, [140].
Farm Laborers, [155]-[156];
organization of, [156], [337];
strike at Waterville, Wash., [261];
strike at North Yamhill, Ore., [270]-[271].
Vide also Agricultural Workers Organization.
Federal Mediation Commission. Vide President's Mediation Commission.
Finances, [153]-[154], [207], [211];
central defence fund, [115];
of the Transportation Department, [132];
discounts to "dual unions," [153].
Fischer, E., [176].
Flat River, Mo., Industrial Council of the I. W. W., [163].
Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, [181], [221], [310].
Foote, E. J., [168], [180], [202].
Force and violence, [251], [253]-[254], [264], [278]-[281], [338], [343].
Vide also Violence.
Foreign relations, of the I. W. W., [91]-[92].
Foreigners, [159]-[160], [291], [337];
I. W. W. and the, [208]-[209].
Foremen, in the I. W. W., [204].
Forerunners of the I. W. W., [27]-[56], [350].
Forest and Lumber Workers, National Industrial Union of, [295], [305], [341].
Foss, J. M., [310], [313], [317].
Foster, William Z., [273], [275];
on dual unionism, [299]-[303].
Francis, A. J., [232].

Free speech, [264];
I. W. W. tactics, [265];
George Creel on, [264].
Free-speech fights, [262]-[266], [283];
routine of, [262];
I. W. W. policy in, [263], [297];
Fresno, Calif., [265];
San Diego, Calif., [265];
Paterson, N. J., [266];
Everett, Wash., [266], [339];
attitude of local authorities, [266];
list of, [367].
French syndicalism, [274];
influence on American movement, [53], [231];
the I. W. W. and, [274]-[276].
Fresno, Calif., free-speech fight, [265], [271].
G
Gaines, H. L., [228].
Garment workers, United, [251].
Gas works laborers, strike of, in Southern California, [271].
General Executive Board, [100]-[101], [297], [307]-[309], [311], [313], [317].
General Organizer, [307]-[308];
office of, established, [188].
General Secretary-Treasurer, [308].
General strike, [87], [174]-[175], [289]-[290];
resolution at constituent convention, [91];
and the Moyer, Haywood and Pettibone case, [174].
Geographical location, influence of, on I. W. W. personnel, [298];
and the decentralization controversy, [306]-[307], [313]-[316].
German syndicalist movement, [301].
Gilbert, Joseph, [93].
Giovannitti, Arturo, [289]-[290].
Glanz, William, [230].
Golden, John, [286].
Goldfield, Nev., hotel and restaurant workers' strike, [123];
miners' strike, [123];
I. W. W. at, [191]-[203];
Mine Operators' Association, [192]-[198];
mine workers vs. town workers, [191]-[194];
report of Federal investigating commission, [196]-[198];
alleged crimes of the I. W. W. at, [199];
results of I. W. W. activities at, [200]-[201].
Goldman, Emma, on direct action, [278].
Gompers, Samuel, [79], [90], [116], [275], [372];
on 1st I. W. W. convention, [106].
Goodwin, R. C., [98].
H
Hagerty, "Father" T. J., [58], [62], [79];
"Wheel of Fortune," [351].
Haggerty, M. P., [181].
Hall, Covington, [296].
Hall, W. L., [57], [60].
Havel, Hippolyte, [277].
Haymarket riots, [39];
influence on syndicalist and I. W. W. movements, [40].
Haywood, William D., [15], [61]-[62], [73], [75], [76], [79]-[80], [115], [142], [171]-[175], [208], [247], [274], [286]-[287], [289], [329];
and Western Federation of Miners, [42], [216]-[217];
on the American Federation of Labor, [83];
on the "union scab," [85]-[86];
on the unskilled, [87];
on organizing foreigners, [159];
and the Socialist party, [282];
on dual unionism, [303].
Hervé, G., on sabotage, [279].
Heslewood, F. W., [144], [180], [182], [184]-[185], [187], [206], [226];
quoted, [202], [210].
Hillquit, Morris, [147], [186].
I
Idaho, criminal syndicalism act, [282], [347], [383]-[384].
Industrial Brotherhood, the, [38].
Industrial Councils, [98];
functions, [163].
Industrial Departments, 131 et seq.;
original thirteen, [96]-[97].
Industrial Union News, [230].
Industrial Union Bulletin, [146], [211], [229], [271].
Industrial Unionism, [99], [108]-[109], [119]-[120], [161]-[167];
vs. craft unionism, [62]-[63];
and mass unionism, [202];
Moyer on, [215]-[216];
St. John and DeLeon on, [235];
and Bolshevism, [241].
Industrial Unions of the I. W. W. Vide National Industrial Unions.
Industrial Worker, The, [146], [229], [250], [271]-[272], [281], [312]-[313].
Industrial Worker, The, (organ of the Sherman faction), [146], [179]-[180].
Industrial Workers clubs, at 1st I. W. W. convention, [70].
Industrial Workers of the World, American origin of, [53];
constituent convention, [57];
pre-convention conference (1904), [57]-[58];
January conference (1905), [60]-[62];
Industrial Union Manifesto (of 1905), [62]-[64];
on the American Federation of Labor, [65];
administration, [101];
craft character of locals, [118];
secession movements in, [120]-[122], [219]-[220];
accused of stockmarket manipulation, [199];
attitude of Western membership to political parties, [231]-[232];
Detroit and Chicago factions compared, [231], [251], [253], [259];
Debs proposes union of two factions, [254];
compared with Confédération Générale du Travail, [275];
proletarian ethics of, [263], [293]-[294];
and Western Federation of Miners, [320]-[325];
at Butte, Mont., [321]-[324];
and United Mine Workers, [325]-[327];
in other countries, [341]-[342];
in Australia, [342]-[345];
"National Administrations," [349];
constructive elements, [340], [349]-[350];
chart of organization, [353];
membership statistics, [354]-[359];
list of locals, [360]-[365];
songs, [370]-[380].
Industrialists, [227];
vs. parliamentarians at 4th convention, [224].
Initiative and referendum, [309]-[310], [314], [331]-[332];
in politics and industry on Pacific Slope, [314]-[315].
Intellectuals, [267].
International, the;
modern revolutionary unionism and, [36];
principles of, [37].
International Workingmen's Association, [35]-[36];
and Socialist Labor party, [46].
International Working Peoples Association, [35]-[36].
Iron Miners' Industrial Union of the I. W. W., [341].
J
January Conference. Vide Industrial Workers of the World.
Japanese in California, attitude of I. W. W. toward, [208]-[209].
Job control, at Goldfield, [200]-[201].
Jones, "Mother" Mary, [60], [62], [73].
"Jungle kitchens," in Western locals, [315], [338]-[339].
Jurisdiction disputes, [176].
K
Kalispell, Mont., strike at, [261].
Katz, Rudolph, [44], [180]-[181], [211], [215], [220], [222], [229], [251].
Kelly, Harry, [276]-[277].
Kern, E. J., [236].
Kiehn, Charles, [102].
Kirkpatrick, Charles, [100].
Kirwan, James, [140].
Knights of Labor, [109];
founded, [30];
principles of, [31];
structure, [32]-[33];
compared with I. W. W., [32];
and politics, [33];
and sabotage, [34].
Koeltgen, Ewald, [265], [315]-[316].
L
Label, the I. W. W. Vide Universal label.
"Labor lieutenants," [87]-[88].
Labor organizations, relations with political parties, [126]-[129].
Lagardelle, Hubert, [274];
on direct action, [278].
Lake Charles, La., lumber workers' strike, [123].
Lancaster, Pa., silk workers' strike, [203].
Land policy, [296].
Lawrence, Mass., strike of French branch of I. W. W. textile workers (1908), [214];
strike of 1912, [284]-[295].
Leaders, I. W. W. attitude toward, [79];
at the 1st I. W. W. convention, [79]-[81].
Vide also Rank and file.
Leather Workers, United Brotherhood of, forbids members to join I. W. W., [118].
Ledermann, Max, [221].
Lenin, Nikolai, [241]-[242].
Lessig, Adolph, [247]-[248].
Little, F. H., [330].
Local autonomy. Vide Decentralization.
Local unions of the I. W. W., [98], [134], [160]-[161], [230]-[231];
character of, [99];
craft character of some, [119];
number of, [131], [180], [181], [183]-[184], [207], [243]-[244], [261], [268]-[269], [272], [305], [333]-[334];
discussion of politics in, [169]-[170];
turnover of, [183], [207], [333]-[334], [349]-[350];
reasons for disbanding, [213], [244]-[245], [273], [366];
shifting of allegiance after 1908 convention, [230];
Baltimore cigar makers, [246];
industrial distribution, [261], [272], [365];
representation at conventions, [328];
efficiency in, [330];
referendum to, [331]-[332];
list of, [360]-[365].
Vide also Mixed locals.
Lumber industry, I. W. W. in, [210].
Vide also Forest and Lumber Workers' National Industrial Union.
Lumber workers, strikes, [261].
M
McCabe, Frank, [100].
McClure, R., [230].
MacDonald, Daniel, [120].
Machinists, International Association of, ban on members joining I. W. W., [118].
MacNamara case, the I. W. W. and, [277]-[278];
call for a general strike, [277].
Mahoney, Charles E., [176], [217];
quoted, [192], [194].
Maichele, A., [176].
Manifesto, Industrial Union. Vide Industrial Workers of the World.
Manifesto of Socialist Industrial Unionism, [255].
Mann, Tom, on sabotage, [279], [299], [302];
on dual unionism, [303]-[304].
Marble, Colo., quarry workers' strike, [214].
Marine Transport Workers, National Industrial Union of, [305], [336]-[337], [341].
Marx, Karl, quoted, [232].
Mass unionism, at Goldfield, Nev., [191]-[192], [202].
Master in Chancery, on controversy at 2nd convention, [140], [145], [149].
Mechanics, strike of, in Philadelphia, [248].
Membership, [181]-[182], [341], [354]-[359];
restricted to "wage workers," [91];
statistics of, [108], [129]-[131], [145], [180]-[184], [207], [213], [243], [269], [333]-[337];
dual membership, [118];
in specified industries, [270], [336], [341], [356]-[357];
in Lawrence textile industry, [286], [290];
exaggeration of, [335]-[336];
compared with that of A. F. of L., [336];
instability of, [349]-[350].
Mesaba Range, strike of iron miners, [339].
Metal and Machinery Workers' Industrial Union, [341].
Metal Workers, United, [71]-[72], [74], [76], [100], [102], [121]-[122];
and A. F. of L., [54];
part of Metal and Machinery Department of I. W. W., [122].
Michigan, criminal syndicalism act, [347].
Migratory laborers, in I. W. W. membership, [341].
"Militant minority," the, [308], [310]-[311], [328].
Militarism, [7];
resolution at 1st I. W. W. convention, [92];
resolution against war (1914), [331].
Vide also War.
Miller, Francis, [228].
Mine Workers of America, the United, [38]-[39], [54], [70], [72], [115], [208], [307], [321], [325]-[327];
at 1st I. W. W. convention, [71].
Miner's Magazine, [176].
Mining industry, I. W. W. in, [191]-[201], [207]-[208], [210].
Minnesota, criminal syndicalism act, [282], [347]-[348], [381]-[382];
held constitutional, [348].
Missoula, Mont., free-speech fight, [265].
"Mr. Block," [372].
Mixed locals, [162], [309], [315]-[316].
Montana, criminal syndicalism act, [282], [347], [384]-[386].
Most, Johann, [36].
Moyer, Charles H., [43], [60], [62], [76], [321], [324];
quoted, [217]-[218].
Moyer, Haywood and Pettibone case, [170]-[175];
effect of, on I. W. W., [175].
Musical Union, International, in Public Service Department of I. W. W., [133].
Myrtle, Frank, [202].
N
"National Administrations" of the I. W. W., [349].
National Civic Federation, [63].
National Convention, the, [307], [309]-[310].
National Industrial Unions, [131], [134], [341].
National Labor Union, [30];
and the Socialist Labor party, [46].
National Trades Union, [30].
Nebraska, criminal syndicalism law, [347]-[348].
Negroes, A. F. of L. and I. W. W. on organization of, [84], [208].
Nelson, Caroline, [349].
New Castle, Pa., strike at, [261];
free-speech fight, [265].
New Jersey Socialist Unity Conference. Vide Socialist Unity Conference.
New York City, I. W. W. Industrial Council in, [163].
Nilsson, B. E.,

[310].
North Dakota, criminal syndicalism law, [347]-[348].
North Yamhill, Ore., strike of farm laborers at, [270]-[271].
O
Oakland, Calif., alleged attempt of I. W. W. to break up Socialist local, [282].
Old Forge, Pa., free-speech fight, [266].
Olson, John, [316].
One Big Union, [5], [29], [82], [110].
O'Neill, J. M., [61]-[62], [139]-[140], [182], [324]-[325].
Oregon, I. W. W. in, [182].
Organization, I. W. W. policy in work of, [210];
chart of I. W. W., [353].
Oulianov, V. I. Vide Lenin.
"Overalls Brigade, the," [221]-[224], [233].
P
Pacific Coast, free-speech fights on the, [262] et seq.
Pacific Coast District Organization, [312]-[314].
Panic of 1907, effect on I. W. W., [201], [203], [211], [215].
Parliamentarism, [225], [232], [252].
Parliamentarians, vs. "straight industrialists" at 4th convention, [224].
Passive resistance, [287]-[288].
Paterson, N. J., I. W. W. Industrial Council of, [163];
silk workers' strike, [203];
piano workers' strike, [203];
Rump convention of the DeLeonites, [228]-[230], [249];
free-speech fight, [266].
Paterson, Passaic, N. J., friction between the two I. W. W.s, [247].
Patriotism, made use of by employers in labor struggles, [10];
as a free-speech fight issue, [263];
and the I. W. W., [294].
Per capita tax, [312];
(Detroit wing), [231].
Per diem resolution at 1906 convention, [142]-[143].
Philadelphia, mechanics' strike, [249].
Pick, Hugo, [183].
Politics, [168]-[169], [178], [186]-[187], [189]-[190], [212], [236], [253], [268], [304];
attitude of Western Federation of Miners toward, [42];
discussion of, in locals, [169]-[170];
trade unions and, [89], [226];
political action and affiliation, [92];
discussion of, at Stuttgart Congress, [184];
I. W. W. in Nevada, [201]-[202];
discussion at 4th convention, [218]-[228], [231]-[237];
Debs on, [253].
Portland, Ore., strike of saw mill workers, [203], [205]-[206], [215].
Pouget, Émile, [274].
Powderly, T. V., quoted, [31], [33], [34].
Preamble, [92], [168]-[169], [188]-[189], [245], [351]-[353];
political clause, [93]-[96], [153], [189], [212], [221], [224]-[228], [231]-[237];
elimination of political clause, [226]-[227].
Vide also Constitution.
President, of the I. W. W., [188], [307];
powers of, [101];
attack on presidency, [138]-[139];
abolition of the office, [143].
President's Mediation Commission, quoted, [10].
Press, attitude of the, to I. W. W., [107];
I. W. W. press, [271].
Preston, M. R., [197].
Prince Rupert, B. C., strike at, [261].
Progressives, attitude of, toward I. W. W., [11].
"Proletarian rabble, the," pre-convention conference of (1906), [137]-[139].
Proletario, Il, [160].
Providence, R. I., strike of window cleaners, [271].
"Pure and simple" unions. Vide Craft unions.
Public officials, attitude of, toward I. W. W., [10].
Public opinion and the I. W. W., [8], [107].
R
Railway Employees, United Brotherhood of, [54], [61], [74], [100], [102];
Transportation Department of I. W. W., [132].
Railway Workers Industrial Union, of the I. W. W., [341].
Rank and file, the, doctrine of, [79], [167];
rule of, [309].
Recruiting Unions, [341].
Referendum, emphasis on by I. W. W., [158].
Vide also Initiative and Referendum.
Reitman, Ben, on the 8th I. W. W. convention, [318]-[319].
Religion and the I. W. W., [294].
Representation, proportional, [328].
Respectability, I. W. W. contempt for, [298].
Revolutionary unionism, in England, [29];
Owen's "General Union of the Productive Classes," [29];
Grand National Consolidated Trades Union, the, [29].
Richter, Hermann, [15], [105], [168], [228], [230], [237], [250], [255]-[256].
Riordan, John, [100], [137].
Ritual, abolition of, in I. W. W. meetings, [167].
Ryan, Albert, [217]-[218].
S
Sacramento, Calif., I. W. W. conspiracy case of 1918, [282].
Sabotage, [13], [34], [53], [251], [253]-[255], 279 et seq., [286], [317], [330], [343];
attitude of DeLeon and St. John on, [238];
definitions of, [279]-[280];
Socialist party sabotage clause (Art. II, sec. [6]), [280]-[282].
Vide also Direct action, Violence.
St. John, Vincent, [15], [73], [76], [77], [130], [136]-[137], [142], [144], [151]-[152], [172], [176], [178], [180], [182], [221], [223], [228], [235]-[236], [268]-[269], [273], [293], [335]-[336], [337];
in the Western Federation of Miners, [42];
quoted, [58], [192], [193], [194], [200]-[201], [203], [205], [213], [217]-[218], [248]-[249];
on DeLeonism, [149];
on free-speech fights, [262]-[263].
St. Louis, I. W. W. Industrial Council in, [163].
Salaries of I. W. W. officials, [168].
San Diego, Calif., free-speech fight, [265]-[266];
report of Commissioner Weinstock, [266].
San Francisco, Calif., ladies' tailors' strike, [248].
Scab. Vide "Union scab."
Schenectady, N. Y., electrical workers' strike, [203];
syndicalist strike tactics at, [204].
Scranton, Pa., I. W. W. and United Mine workers at, [326].
Secession movements in I. W. W., [312]-[314].
Shenango, Pa., strike at, [261].
Shenkan, I., [119].
Sherman, Charles O., [58], [62], [79], [87], [100], [125], [137], [143], [148], [150], [161], [169], [171], [175], [179];
charges against, [139]-[140];
his defense, [141], [151];
decision of Master in Chancery, [145];
Western organizing in preference to Eastern, [157].
Shop steward system, in Pacific Northwest, [5].
Silva, Tony, [197].
Simons, A. M., [62]-[63], [73], [79], [91], [95], [103];
quoted, [65]-[66], [81];
on political action, [93].
Skowhegan, Me., strike of textile workers, [203], [214].
Smith, Clarence, [57], [79];
quoted, [58].
Smith, J. W., [202].
"Soap boxers," [340].
Social Democratic party. Vide Socialist party.
Social Democratic Workmen's party, [47].
Socialist Labor party, [54], [78], [109], [141], [149], [151], [168], [211], [220], [224], [231], [247], [249], [251]-[252];
organized, [38], [46];
Haymarket riot and, [40];
compared with Socialist party, [47];
and Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance, [50], [81];
attitude toward "pure and simple" unions, [88];
on unions in politics, [94];
at second I. W. W. convention, [151]-[152];
tenets, [220], [240]-[241].
Socialist party, [44], [78], [109], [186], [251], [252], [289];
and the Western Federation of Miners, [42];
and American Labor union, [45];
compared with Socialist Labor party, [47];
and I. W. W., [64], [127], [231], [278], [281]-[282];
on "boring from within," [82];
on the controversy of 1906, [148]-[149];
report to Stuttgart Congress on I. W. W., [185];
and sabotage, [280]-[282];
Haywood recalled from Executive Committee, [282].
Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance, [45]-[46], [54]-[55], [74], [76], [78], [80], [102]-[103], [105], [109], [127], [148], [153], [225], [246];
organized, [47];
and Socialist Labor party, [48], [81];
and Knights of Labor, [49];
character of, 49 et seq.;
composition and membership, [51]-[52];
at 1st I. W. W. convention, [75];
on "pure and simple" unions, [88].
Socialist Unity Conference, New Jersey, [125]-[129];
resolutions, [128];
on the I. W. W., [128]-[129].
Somers, Mont., strike at, [261].
Songs of the I. W. W., [370]-[380].
Sorel, Georges, [274].
South Africa, I. W. W. in, [342].
South Dakota, criminal syndicalism law, [347]-[348].
Sovereigns of Industry, [37].
Soviet principles compared with industrial union principles, [241]-[242].
Speed, George, [110], [180], [208].
Stogie makers, [116].
Spokane, Wash., free-speech fight, [265], [282].
Strikes, [122]-[124], [203]-[206], [261], [270]-[271], [283]-[285], [339];
at Goldfield, Nev., [191]-[201];
I. W. W. tactics, [124]-[125], [204]-[206], [209]-[210], [297];
I. W. W. failure to hold ground after strikes, [214];
of Detroit faction, [246]-[248];
effect of, on membership, [261];
Lawrence, Mass., [284]-[295];
Mesaba Range, [339];
list of, [368]-[369].
Vide also General Strike.
Structure, [98], [134], [160]-[167], [202], [339], [351];
original 13 Departments, [96]-[97];
Industrial Councils, [98]-[99], [163];
local unions, [99];
National Industrial Unions, [131], [134];
Industrial Departments, [164];
office of General President, [166]-[167];
St. John and DeLeon on, [235];
Recruiting Unions, [341].
Stuttgart Socialist Congress (1907), [147], [183];
report of Hillquit and Barnes on the I. W. W., [148];
relation between parties and unions, [184];
resolution on political action, [187]-[188].
Syndicalist Educational League, [276]-[277].
Syndicalist League of North America, [276].
T
Tacoma, Wash., smeltermen's strike, [203]-[204].
Tactics, organizing, [117];
"boring from within," [118], [297];
strike, [124]-[125], [204], [205]-[206], [288];
organizing in East and West, [157];
dual unionism, [299]-[304].
Tailors, ladies', strike of, in San Francisco, [248].
Textile industry, I. W. W. in, [214], [350];
membership in, [286].
Textile workers' strikes, Paterson-Passaic, N. J., [247];
Mystic, Conn., [248];
Lawrence, Mass., [284]-[295].
Textile Workers' National Industrial Union, [267], [295], [305].
Thompson, James P., [79].
Timber Workers, Brotherhood of, [267], [295].
Tonopah, Nev., miners' strike, [123], [203]-[204].
Tonopah Sun, [192].
Trade agreements. Vide Agreements.
Trade unions. Vide Craft unions.
Trainor, C. E., [230].
Trautmann, William E., [49], [57], [61], [79], [87], [98], [100], [119], [124], [129], [137], [140], [144], [146], [150]-[152], [163], [172], [176], [180], [219]-[220], [223], [261], [268], [293];
quoted, [53], [207]-[208], [228];
on organizing farm laborers, [228].
Trenton, N. J., silk workers' strike, [123].
Turner, John Kenneth, quoted, [205]-[206].
U
Unemployment, [329], [337].
"Union scab, the," [85], [289], [376]-[377].
Unionism, objects of, from I. W. W. standpoint, [84]-[85].
United Labor League, [70].
United States Government, intervention at Goldfield, Nev., [196];
report of Pres. Roosevelt's Commission, [196]-[198].
United States Senate, "anti-sabotage" bill, [346]-[347].
Universal label, the, [165]-

[166].
Unlawful Associations Act of Australia, [282], [343]-[345].
Unskilled labor, [66], [118], [177], [291], [341];
Knights of Labor and, [33].
Untermann, Ernest, [281].
Utah State Federation of Labor, [70].
V
Vienna, International Socialist Congress (1914, report of Socialist Labor party on Chicago I. W. W.,) [238], [247].
Violence, [250], [252]-[253], [264], [278]-[281], [338], [343];
DeLeon on use of, [93]-[94];
at Lawrence, [286]-[289], [292].
Vide also Sabotage and Direct action.
Voting, attitude of Detroit faction on, [253].
W
Wages, increases in, at Goldfield, [200].
Walla Walla, Wash., free-speech fight, [265].
Walsh, J. H., [221]-[222].
War, [342]-[348];
resolution against, [331].
Vide also Militarism and War of 1914-1918.
War of 1914-1918, and the I. W. W., [7]-[8], [282], [331], [342]-[348].
Washington (State), "syndicalism bill," vetoed by Governor, [347];
passed over veto, [347]n.
Waterville, Wash., strike of farm laborers at, [261].
Weekly People, [211].
Weinstock, Harris, report on San Diego free-speech fight, [266].
Wenatchee, Wash., free-speech fight, [265].
Western federation of Miners, [53]-[54], [55], [60], [70], [74]-[75], [100], [102], [113], [130], [132], [145], [150], [152], [170], [175], [180]-[182], [203], [216]-[217], [320]-[325], [327];
organized, [40];
and American Federation of Labor, [40]-[41], [215], [318]-[319];
strike activities, [41]-[42];
and Socialist party, [42];
and the state, [55]-[56];
importance in early I. W. W. history, [104]-[105];
secession from I. W. W., [122], [147], [149]-[151], [176], [179];
at Goldfield, [191]-[201];
on agreements, [198], [319];
Haywood and, [216]-[217];
I. W. W. at Butte, Mont., [321]-[324].
Western I. W. W.s, [231]-[232], [233];
compared with Eastern members, [233]-[234], [298], [313]-[316].
Western Labor Union, [41], [53], [127];
organized, [43].
"Wheel of Fortune, the," [5], [79], [351].
Whitehead, Thomas, [228].
Williams, B. H., [180], [314].
Window cleaners, strike of, at Providence, R. I., [271].
"Wobblies," origin of name, [57].
Women, I. W. W. attitude toward organization of, [160].
Wooden Shoe, The, sabotage slogans, [279]-[280].
Woods, Arthur, on free speech, [264].
Workers, Industrial Union of Australia, [345].
Workers' International Industrial Union, [215], [220], [235], [243], [254]-[255];
membership, [243].
Workmen's party. Vide Socialist Labor party.
Y
Youngstown, Ohio, strike of sheet metal workers, [203]-[204].

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[Studies in History, Economics and Public Law]

edited by

Faculty of Political Science of Columbia University